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1.
自然杀伤T细胞(natllral killer T cells.NKT细胞)是一种同时具有NK细胞和T细胞部分表型及功能的细胞亚群.他能将先天性免疫应答和获得性免疫应答连接起来,限制性识别CDld-糖脂抗原、活化后迅速分泌大量细胞因子从而调节机体的免疫应答.人体的肝脏内富含NKT细胞,因此,NKT细胞在肝脏中的作用引起了人们的广泛兴趣.  相似文献   

2.
目的慢性乙型肝炎(乙肝)急性肝衰竭(慢加急性肝衰竭,ACLF)的发病机制尚不清楚,本文主要研究ACLF患者的免疫特点及其与预后的关系。方法选取ACLF患者75例,慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者31例,乙型肝炎肝硬化(LC)患者36例,健康志愿者30例,采用流式细胞仪检测外周血CD3 、CD4 、CD8 T细胞、NK细胞、NKT细胞等细胞亚群计数,用SPSS10.0软件对其进行统计学分析。结果ACLF组外周血淋巴细胞总数、CD4 、CD8 T细胞、NKT细胞与健康对照组及慢性乙肝组相比,均具有显著性差异(P<0.001或P<0.01或P<0.05)。ACLF组外周血NK细胞与健康对照组相比,具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。ACLF患者死亡组中淋巴细胞总数、CD4 、CD8 T细胞、NK细胞计数均低于存活组各细胞计数,二者具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论ACLF患者外周血免疫活性细胞的减少可能是ACLF病情急剧进展的驱动因素。  相似文献   

3.
自然杀伤性T细胞(natural killer T cell,NKT cell)是一种非传统T淋巴细胞,既表达自然杀伤性细胞(natural killer cell,NK cell)的相关受体,也表达T细胞受体。近年来,不断有新的NKT细胞亚群被发现,不同亚群的结构、功能和调节机制不尽相同。在肝脏疾病中,活化的NKT细胞功能和作用复杂多变,其机制尚未十分明确,有待进一步研究。深入探讨NKT细胞在肝脏疾病中的作用及机制对延缓肝病病理进程至关重要。  相似文献   

4.
自然杀伤T细胞(natural killer T cells,NKT细胞)属于T淋巴细胞,能特异性识别抗原递呈细胞表面主要组织相容性复合体I类样分子CDld递呈的糖脂类抗原.活化的NKT细胞能发挥抗病毒感染和抗肿瘤等作用,参与机体重要的免疫反应.本文对NKT细胞抗病毒作用的相关进展进行综述,同时分析NKT细胞参与肝损伤等慢性病毒感染的发病进程.  相似文献   

5.
张秋月  粟斌  张欣  吴昊  张彤 《传染病信息》2019,32(6):505-508
NK细胞是天然免疫中的重要效应细胞,在机体早期抗病毒、抗肿瘤的免疫应答中起关键作用。NK细胞因其主要组织相容性复合体非限制性、泛特异性识别和杀伤靶细胞及快速应答等特点成为免疫治疗研究热点。随着对NK细胞表型、功能及作用机制研究的不断深入,NK细胞过继免疫治疗也被尝试应用于HIV感染治疗。本文从NK细胞生物学特性、NK细胞在HIV感染中的作用以及NK细胞过继免疫治疗等方面来阐述NK细胞过继治疗在HIV感染领域应用的机遇与挑战。  相似文献   

6.
支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)是一种气道慢性炎症性疾病,其发病机制仍不完全清楚.目前普遍认为Th1/Th2免疫应答失衡、Th2优势免疫是慢性炎症形成的基础,同时受变应原特异性调节性T细胞调控.然而,Th2优势免疫学说无法解释哮喘的全部发病机制.最近的研究显示,其他T细胞亚型如自然杀伤(NK)T细胞和Th17细胞,可能在哮喘的发病过程中也发挥重要的作用.本文主要阐述NKT细胞在哮喘中的作用及机制,为探索哮喘新的治疗方向提供有益线索.
Abstract:
The pathogenesis of bronchial asthma(asthma),a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, has not been fully understood. Currently, it is generally accepted that Th1/Th2 immune imbalance and Th2 predominant immunity are the basis of chronic inflammation in asthma, which is simultaneously regulated by regulatory T cells. However, the paradigm of Th2 predominant immunity cannot explain all aspects of pathogenic mechanisms. Recent studies have suggested that other T cell subtypes, such as natural killer (NK) T cells and Th17 cells, may play an important role in asthma. In this review, we discuss the roles and mechanisms of NKT cells in regulating the development of asthma in order to provide beneficial clue to find new therapies.  相似文献   

7.
免疫功能低下、免疫调节功能失调/紊乱是乙型肝炎病毒感染发生、发展的主要发病机制,因此调节机体免疫功能对慢性乙型肝炎的抗病毒治疗尤为重要.近年中药单体、单味药及中药复方治疗慢性乙型肝炎已取得了较好的疗效,但其具体的机制尚不明确.本文从促进树突状细胞成熟和功能恢复、调节NK/NKT功能、调节肝脏巨噬细胞功能、通过双向调节免疫功能调节T细胞功能等四个方面阐述中医药治疗慢性乙型肝炎的作用机制.  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨孕足月产妇分娩发动前后蜕膜与外周血单个核细胞中自然杀伤(NK)细胞、自然杀伤T(NKT)细胞的构成变化,并分析外周血单个核细胞产生Th1、Th2型细胞因子的变化。方法随机选取正常孕足月孕妇分为分娩发动经阴道分娩组(分娩组)32例和分娩未发动行选择性剖宫产术组(剖宫产组)34例,分离蜕膜及外周血中单个核细胞后采用流式细胞术检测NK、NKT细胞的构成变化;另检测两组外周血单个核细胞培养后Th1/Th2平衡变化。结果分娩组蜕膜中NK、NKT细胞比例均低于剖宫产组(P〈0.01),而外周血中NK、NKT比例均高于剖宫产组(P〈0.01)。分娩组外周血中单个核细胞培养后Th1细胞比例高于剖宫产组(P〈0.01),Th2细胞比例与剖宫产组无统计学差异(P〉0.05)。结论分娩发动后NK、NKT细胞在体内重新分布,机体存在Th1偏倚,推测母胎界面的免疫变化与分娩发动有关。  相似文献   

9.
洪俊强  涂德军  张启龙 《肝脏》2016,(6):512-515
<正>自然杀伤性T(natural killer T cell,NKT)细胞是非特异性T淋巴细胞的一类亚群,可同时表达自然杀伤细胞及T细胞的相关受体,与自然杀伤(natural killer,NK)细胞共享部分表型及功能[1]。NKT细胞可被分为两类亚群:Ⅰ型(iNKT)及Ⅱ型NKT细胞(iiNKT)。其中iNKT也被称为经典NKT,其可以  相似文献   

10.
T细胞、NKT和NK细胞在结核病诊断中的意义探讨   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的探讨CD3+T细胞、CD3+CD16+CD56+N KT细胞及CD3-CD16+CD56+N K细胞在肺结核患者外周血的表达状态及其临床意义。方法采用流式细胞仪分析123例肺结核患者(73例初治肺结核和50例复治肺结核)及83例健康者(43例结核菌素皮试阳性和40例结核菌素皮试阴性)外周血中T细胞、NKT和NK细胞的表达率。结果初、复治肺结核患者的NKT细胞表达率明显高于健康者(P0.01),但初治肺结核患者的NK细胞、T细胞的表达率与健康者相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。T细胞表达率在不同程度的初治肺结核患者中差异有统计学意义(P0.01),疾病越重,表达越高。NKT、NK细胞差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。复治肺结核患者的T细胞表达率显著高于初治肺结核患者(P0.01),但NK细胞、NKT细胞的表达率在2组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论T细胞、NKT细胞是结核病细胞免疫的重要组成部分。对NKT细胞只在活动性肺结核患者才会呈现高表达,测定外周血NKT细胞可能成为辅助诊断活动性肺结核的手段之一。  相似文献   

11.
青少年高血压的研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
随着人们生活和行为方式的改变,高血压发病明显呈年轻化趋势。在青少年时期识别高血压病高危人群有助于早期进行有效干预和治疗,降低未来高血压的发生率及其严重性。现试从青少年高血压的诊断、发病因素、特点、治疗策略等方面的研究进展作一综述。  相似文献   

12.
Six cases of pulmonary sporotichosis were observed in 2 institutions in Oklahoma City, Okla. Three of the patients were treated with iodides with or without surgery. Although one patient required a second course of iodides, the patients have remained well after at least 34 months of follow-up. Three patients treated with amphotericin B, single course as well as multiple courses, and other antifungal agents (hydroxystilbamidine and miconazole) have all relapsed. These cases and a reviewed of more than 40 cases of pulmonary sporotrichosis susceptibilities of Sporothrix schenckii that we observed in vitro suggest that amphotericin B is not an effective agent for the treatment of pulmonary sporotrichosis. It is our opinion that the treatment of choice for pulmonary sporotrichosis is a supersaturated solution of potassium iodide. If the patient is allergic to the medication or fails to respond, then a combination of amphotericin B plus flucytosine may be tried.  相似文献   

13.
目的为研究C·肉毒杀鼠索对杀灭达乌尔黄鼠(简称黄鼠)的大面积应用情况和对家畜、家禽的毒害作用,进行了C·肉毒杀鼠素的应用研究.方法大面积投毒采用ES-2药饵撒播机[1],间隔约80m进行条投.羊、鸡采用直接灌胃.结果大面积应用的灭鼠率为83.72%.对羊、鸡最高剂量分别为500万MLD、150万MLD,均未出现中毒现象.结论 C·肉毒杀鼠素是较为理想的草原大面积杀灭黄鼠的理想、首选药物.  相似文献   

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Morbidity in cardiovascular diseases in immigrants in Sweden   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
INTRODUCTION: Although immigration to Sweden has increased in the last few decades, the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease in immigrants are unknown. The aim of the present study is to estimate whether place of birth affects the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was designed as a follow-up study on morbidity in cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 1998, including three and a half million persons with age range 35-64 years, of whom 550 000 were born abroad, from the database MigMed consisting of the whole Swedish population. Incidence rates and relative risks were estimated by indirect standardization and a proportional hazard model. RESULTS: The age-adjusted risk of coronary heart disease was higher in most foreign-born groups than in Swedes. For example, in nine of 12 male groups, the relative risks varied between 1.1 and 2.2, and in seven of 12 female groups, the relative risks varied between 1.4 and 2.5. When also adjusting for level of education and employment status, the risks were still high, but on a lower level. CONCLUSIONS: Foreign-born people possess an over-risk of cardiovascular or coronary heart disease(CVD/CHD) compared with Swedish-born persons, also when level of education and employment status are taken into account.  相似文献   

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BACKGROUND: In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) has proved to be the best therapeutic approach. Several factors have been associated with worse outcome in AMI in females. Are there differences in outcome in women undergoing PTCA for AMI? AIM: To evaluate gender influence on clinical outcome and in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI who undergo primary percutaneous interventions. METHODS: We studied 245 consecutive patients (72 women, 29.4 %), who underwent primary PTCA between January 2000 and December 2001. The following parameters were analyzed: risk factors for coronary artery disease including hypertension, diabetes, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and family history, previous AMI, PTCA or angina, pain-to-balloon time, extent of coronary disease and outcome. RESULTS: Female patients were older (67.9+/-11.6 vs. 59.6+/-13; p < 0.001) with a higher prevalence of hypertension (65.3 % vs. 47.4 %; p < 0.05) and angina (29.0 % vs. 16.0 %; p < 0.05) and lower prevalence of smoking (27.8 % vs. 54.3 %; p < 0.001). Pain-to-balloon time was longer in women (6.8+/-4.1 vs. 5.4+/-3.7 hours; p < 0.05). Extent of coronary disease was similar in both groups. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were used in 84.7 % of women and 90.8 % of men. The frequency of hemorrhagic complications (5.6 % vs. 5.2 %) and arrhythmias (15.3 % vs. 10.4%) and in-hospital mortality (9.7 6.4 %) were higher in females, although without statistical significance (p = NS). Hospitalization time was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the growing awareness of a gender bias in therapeutic approaches to AMI, there are still some differences in outcome, with a trend towards higher mortality rates in women. Older age and longer pain-to-balloon time could account for this.  相似文献   

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