小切口小梁切除超声乳化治疗青光眼并白内障

目的　评价小切口小梁切除联合超声乳化吸出折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗青光眼合并白内障的效果。方法　应用小切口三联手术对 2 2例 ( 2 3眼 )青光眼合并白内障进行手术治疗。术后随诊 3～ 12月 ,平均 9 4月。结果　术后平均眼压 ( 14 2 3± 3 .47)mmHg( 1mmHg =0 .13 3kPa) ,较术前眼压 ( 16 42± 3 5 .87)mmHg降低了 9.2 3mmHg ,差异有非常显著意义 (P<0 .0 1)。术后矫正视力≥ 0 .5者 16眼 ( 69 5 7% )。术后 2 0眼有散光 ,平均散光度 0 92D。根据Kronfeld分类 ,术后Ⅰ、Ⅱ型滤过泡17眼 ( 73 91% ) ,Ⅲ、Ⅳ型滤过泡 6眼 ( 2 6 0 9% )。术后早期并发浅前房 1眼 ,前房纤维样渗出 3眼 ,少量前房积血 1眼。无一例后发障发生。结论　小切口三联手术治疗青光眼合并白内障 ,视力恢复快、眼压控制好、并发症少。     

青光眼白内障联合手术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的　探讨3种不同切口三联手术治疗青光眼合并白内障的效果。方法　将2 4例(2 6眼)青光眼合并白内障分为3组:11眼采用常规巩膜瓣下小梁切除联合白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入术;9眼采用小切口隧道式巩膜瓣小梁切除联合超声乳化吸出及后房人工晶状体植入术;6眼采用透明角膜切口超声乳化联合后房人工晶状体植入术及房角分离术。观察术后视力、眼压及并发症。结果　随访3月,术后平均眼压(15 . 12±3 . 42 )mmHg(1mmHg =0 .13 3kPa) ,与术前平均眼压(2 6 .5 0±4 .92 )mmHg比较有了明显下降,差异有显著性意义(t =0 . 897,P <0 .0 0 1) ;视力明显提高;并发症有角膜水肿(19. 2 3 % )及后囊浑浊(11. 5 3 % )。结论　青光眼白内障联合手术(三联手术)是治疗白内障合并青光眼的一种有效的方法。     

改良小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的 :探讨改良小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除后房型人工晶体植入术 (三联术 ) ,对治疗青光眼合并白内障患者的效果。方法 :应用三联手术对 3 1例 ( 3 4眼 )青光眼合并白内障患者进行手术治疗。术后随访 6～ 2 6个月 ,平均 14 2个月。结果 :术前平均眼压 ( 2 2 89± 3 79)mmHg ,( 1mmHg =0 13 3kpa)术后随访最终平均眼压降至 ( 15 66± 2 3 0mmHg) (P <0 0 0 1) ,术后随访最终矫正视力范围 0 0 8～ 1 0 ,其中≥ 0 6,2 2眼 ( 64 7% ) ,术后随访无降眼压药物使用者。术后早期并发症角膜水肿 6眼 ,浅前房 4眼 ,有 3眼瞳孔部分后粘 ,晚期并发后发障 3眼。结论 :改良小梁切除三联手术治疗青光眼合并白内障患者 ,具有恢复视力、稳定眼压、减少术后用药 ,并发症少等效果。     

白内障青光眼联合手术的临床观察

目的　探讨小切口白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术 (三联手术 )治疗青光眼合并白内障的效果。方法　应用小切口三联手术对 31例青光眼合并白内障进行手术治疗。术后随访 6～ 48月 ,平均1 4 5月。结果　术前平均视力 0 0 5,术后平均视力 0 45 ,≥ 0 5者 1 8例占58%。术前平均眼压 (2 8 0 1±2 65)mmHg(1mmHg =0 1 33kPa) ,术后随访最终平均眼压降至 (1 4 44± 1 .83)mmHg。结论　小切口三联手术治疗青光眼合并白内障 ,具有控制眼压满意 ,恢复有用视力的理想效果     

小切口非乳化白内障青光眼联合手术疗效观察

目的　探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术 (三联手术 )治疗白内障合并青光眼的效果。方法　 3 1例 (3 2眼 )白内障合并青光眼施行此三联手术 ,术后观察视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症情况。结果　随访4月 ,视力达 0 3及以上者 2 6眼 (81 2 5 % ) ,眼压控制在正常范围内 (<2 0 5 5mmHg)者 2 8眼 (87 5 0 % ) ,功能性滤过泡 2 7眼(84 3 8% ) ,无严重并发症发生。结论　小切口非乳化三联手术具有切口小 ,组织损伤轻 ,能良好控制眼压 ,视力恢复快、并发症少。一次手术即可达到增进视力 ,降低眼压的双重目的。     

小切口白内障青光眼联合手术的临床观察

目的　观察小切口白内障非超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的疗效。方法　应用小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术对 30例 32眼青光眼白内障进行手术治疗 ,观察术后视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症。结果　 (1)术前视力全部低于 0 .15 ,术后 3月视力 >0 .5者 18眼 ,0 .5～ 0 .3者 8眼 ,0 .3～ 0 .8者 4眼 ,2眼数指 ;(2 )术前平均眼压 (38.2 7± 3 14 )mmHg(1kPa =7.5mmHg) ,术前降压后平均眼压为 (2 3 5 6± 5 2 5 )mmHg ,术后随访 3月 ,平均眼压为 (14 5 7± 3.2 6 )mmHg ,术后仅有 2眼眼压增高 ,经用药物治疗后眼压正常。术前、术后眼压有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　小切口白内障青光眼联合手术是治疗青光眼合并白内障一种安全、有效的方法。     

分步交错三联术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的探讨分步交错小切口白内障摘出、人工品状体植入联合小梁切除三联术治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。方法76例（86眼）开、闭角型青光眼合并白内障进行分步交错的小切口白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除三联术,术后观察视力、眼压、结膜滤过泡等情况,随访6～24个月,平均15个月。结果术前平均眼压（25．43±3．45）mmHg,术后最终平均眼压（14．37±3．31）mmHg;术前视力手动～0．6,其中≤0．1者58眼,术后最终矫正视力0．2～1．0者70眼,0．1～0．15者11眼,≤0．02者5眼。结论分步交错小切口白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除三联术提高了青光眼合并白内障的手术成功率,减少了并发症。     

巩膜瓣下手法小切口三联术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的评价手法小切口白内障手术(MSICS)人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术(三联手术)治疗青光眼合并白内障的效果。方法57例(64眼)青光眼合并白内障施行此三联手术,巩膜隧道切口入前房,巩膜瓣呈倒梯形,术中使用劈核方法,术后观察视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症情况。结果随访3～18月,乎均6.5月,矫正视力达0.3及以上者48眼(75.00%),6眼(9.38%)由于青光眼性视神经萎缩术后视力差。眼压控制在正常范围内者58眼(90.63%),54眼术后均形成了功能型滤过泡,在不用降眼压药物的情况下眼压正常,平均眼压由术前的(33.90±6.09)mmHg降至术后的(15.57±3.41)mmHg。术中术后未见严重并发症。结论三联手术具有切口小、组织损伤轻、能良好控制眼压、视力恢复快及并发症少等优点。一次手术即可达到增进视力,降低眼压的双重目的。     

三联术治疗白内障合并青光眼

目的　探讨白内障合并青光眼的最佳手术方法。方法　总结 31例 (31只眼 )白内障合并青光眼患者行白内障现代囊外摘除、后房型人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除手术的治疗。结果　术后平均随访 12 .2± 5 .9月 ,术后 2 9只眼 (93.5 % )眼压正常 ,视力 1.0者 2只眼 ,0 .5～ 0 .8者 15只眼 ,≥ 0 .5共 17只眼 ,占 5 4.8%。结论　采用三联术治疗白内障合并青光眼疗效良好     

巩膜隧道式切口白内障摘出联合小梁切除术

目的　探讨巩膜隧道式切口超声乳化或非超声乳化白内障摘出、人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。方法　应用巩膜隧道式小切口白内障摘出联合隧道内小梁切除术对 36例 38眼青光眼合并白内障患者进行手术治疗 ,术后随访 6～ 2 4个月 ,平均 13.6个月 ,观察视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症等。结果　本组病例术前视力均 <0 .3,术后视力 >0 .5者 2 3眼。术前眼压均值(33.15± 9.90 )mmHg(1kPa =7.5mmHg) ,术后眼压均值(13 6 5± 2 .33)mmHg ,2者差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,术后均可见功能性滤过泡 ,术中及术后未发现严重并发症。结论　巩膜隧道式切口超声乳化白内障吸出或非超声乳化摘出白内障联合隧道内小梁切除术具有术后视力恢复快、降眼压效果好、损伤小、并发症少等优点 ,效果理想。     

小切口手法非超乳三联术治疗青光眼合并白内障在基层医院的应用

目的探讨小切口白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。方法选择41例41只眼青光眼合并老年性白内障患者作为研究对象,均接受小切口白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗,观察手术前后视力、眼压、术后并发症。结果术后随访6个月,平均眼压由术前的31.5±6.5mm Hg降至11.2±3.5mm Hg,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;视力均有不同程度提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。所有患者无严重并发症发生。结论白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并老年性白内障不仅安全有效、而且术后并发症轻微,值得临床推广应用。     

超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入联合青光眼小梁切除术

目的 评价３．５ｍｍ小切口超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体（ｉｎｔｒａｏｃｕｌａｒ ｌｅｎｓ,ＩＯＬ）植入联合小梁切除术（三联手术）的安全 及有效性,并比较常规巩膜瓣和隧道巩膜瓣２种小切口三联手术的效果。方法 采用上方３．５ｍｍ常规巩膜瓣或隧道巩膜瓣切口对４２例（４４只眼）白内障合并联手术的效果。方法 采用上方３．５ｍｍ常规巩膜瓣或隧道巩膜瓣切口对４２例（４４只眼）白内障合并青光眼患者行三联手术     

超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼

目的 观察超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗合并有白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼的疗效.方法 回顾性分析合并有白内障的闭角型青光眼患者35例(37眼),其中前房角关闭范围≤180°者16眼,＞180°者21眼,均行角巩膜隧道切口超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术,对其手术前后的视力、眼压、视野、中央前房深度、房角状态进行对照观察.结果 随访3～24个月.术后视力除2眼有视神经萎缩外,余均有不同程度提高,末次随访平均眼压(14.31±4.13)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),较术前用药后平均眼压(26.42±3.22)mm Hg明显降低,差异有统计学意义(t=5.86,P＜0.01),中央前房深度由术前的(2.0±0.3)mm,增加到术后的(3.2±0.4)mm,房角状态与术前相比有3眼大部分开放,余房角均开放.结论 对于合并有白内障的闭角型青光眼的治疗,行超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术能有效降低眼压,开放房角,加深前房,提高视力,手术并发症少.     

Glaucoma triple procedure comprising trabeculotomy with a fornix-based scleral flap

A new triple surgery procedure was applied to 20 primary open-angle glaucomatous (POAG) eyes. This technique comprises trabeculotomy with narrow (2–3 mm) fornix-based scleral flap, combined with extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) implantation. As to surgical results, at two years postsurgery 53% (9/17) of the eyes were controlled under 21 mm Hg without medication, 35% (6/17) with topical medication alone. Eighteen (90%) eyes showed improved visual acuity of two or more Snellen lines. No serious postoperative complications occurred. There was no significant difference in postoperative astigmatism as compared with ordinary ECCE and PC-IOL surgery. Trabeculotomy with fornix-based scleral flap offers the advantage of simple and safe surgery when combined with ECCE and PC-IOL implantation.Abbreviations POAG primary open-angle glaucomatous - ECCE extracapsular cataract extraction - PC-IOL posterior chamber intraocular lens - IOP intraocular pressure     

Phacoviscocanalostomy versus cataract surgery only in patients with coexisting normal-tension glaucoma: midterm outcomes

PURPOSE: To compare the midterm efficacy and safety of phacoviscocanalostomy (viscocanalostomy, phacoemulsification, and intraocular lens [IOL] implantation) and cataract surgery (phacoemulsification and IOL implantation) in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and cataract. SETTING: Sensho-kai Eye Institute, Kyoto, Japan. METHODS: Thirty-one eyes had phacoviscocanalostomy, and 35 eyes had uncomplicated cataract surgery only. The intraocular pressure (IOP), postoperative antiglaucoma medications, and visual outcomes were compared between groups. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 34.9 months+/-19.8 (SD) (range 7 to 78 months). At 36 months, the mean preoperative IOP and postoperative IOP were 17.2+/-1.5 mm Hg and 14.1+/-1.6 mm Hg, respectively, in the phacoviscocanalostomy group and 16.7+/-1.4 mm Hg and 15.6+/-3.4 mm Hg, respectively, in the cataract surgery only group. The differences between groups were significant at all time points (P<.05). The success probabilities of the phacoviscocanalostomy group achieving 20% and 30% IOP reductions with (or without) medications were 78.5% (67.4%) and 35.5% (37.4%) at 24 months and 58.0% (44.2%) and 28.0% (26.6%) at 48 months, which were significantly better than the probabilities in the cataract surgery only group, which were 16.0% (9.5%) and 5.7% (2.9%) at 24 months (P<.001 for each comparison, Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis with log-rank test). Based on the modified Aulhorn-Greve classification, the visual acuity and visual fields did not deteriorate in the phacoviscocanalostomy group; the visual fields deteriorated in 6 eyes in the cataract surgery only group during the follow-up (P=.024). CONCLUSION: Phacoviscocanalostomy lowered IOP and maintained postoperative visual outcomes; it was safe and effective in elderly patients with coexisting NTG and cataract.     

超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼术后合并白内障

目的观察超声乳化白内障吸出后房型人工晶状体植入术联合房角分离术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼患者小梁切除术后合并白内障患者的临床疗效。方法前瞻性研究方法。纳入符合条件的手术患者35例（38只眼）,行透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术并房角分离术,随访6个月至1年,比较观察手术前后视力、眼压情况、中央前房变化情况和房角开放情况。结果所有患者术后视力均有提高。患者术前平均眼压（16．91±3．44）mmHg,术后平均（11．82±2．52）mmHg,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;术前中央前房深度平均（2．10±0．19）mm,术后平均（3．31±0．28）mm,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。术前周边前房深度〈1／2 CT者29只眼,术后28只眼周边前房深度≥1CT。术后房角关闭所在象限均有不同程度的开放,周边虹膜粘连范围明显缩小。2只眼前房出血,3只眼前房渗出,1只眼发生后囊膜破裂,无恶性青光眼、角膜失代偿等并发症。结论超声乳化自内障吸出人工晶状体植入术联合房角分离术治疗青光眼合并白内障患者可有效的降低眼压。     

Comparison between phacoemulsification and the Blumenthal technique of manual small-incision cataract surgery combined with trabeculectomy

OBJECTIVE: To compare results of filtration combined with either phacoemulsification or the Blumenthal technique of manual small-incision cataract surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of glaucoma "triple" operations from March 1997 to May 2000 were reviewed. Seventy-eight eyes (70 patients) that underwent phaco-triple were compared with 86 eyes (80 patients) that underwent the Blumenthal technique of manual small-incision cataract surgery combined with filtration (Blumenthal triple). Three minutes of 0.4 mgs/ml Mitomycin was used in all eyes. Posterior chamber IOLs were implanted through 5.5-mm incisions in both groups. Outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction and achievement of target IOP. Fourteen patients who underwent phacoemulsification-triple in one eye and Blumenthal triple in the other eye were also evaluated separately. RESULTS: The minimum follow-up period was 6 months (range 6-30 months). At last follow-up review, mean reduction in IOP was 17.7 mm Hg (+/- 9.3 mm Hg) in the phaco group and 17.1 mm Hg (+/- 10 mm Hg) in the Blumenthal group. At last visit, target IOP was achieved in 75.6% of the phaco group and 73% of the Blumenthal group. There was no significant difference between groups in IOP reduction or achievement of target IOP. In the 14 patients who had undergone phaco-triple in one eye and Blumenthal-triple in the other, there was no inter-eye difference in IOP reduction. CONCLUSIONS: In this small retrospective study we could not demonstrate a difference in IOP outcomes between the two procedures.     

小梁切除联合超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效观察

目的：为了观察不同类型青光眼伴有白内障病人的小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除并后房型人工晶状体植入三联术后3个月的视力、眼压以及并发症发生的情况。方法：82例（91只眼）,青光眼合并白内障患者行小梁切除联合超声乳化后房型人工晶体植入。结果：术后3个平均眼压低于15mmHg(1mmHg－0．134kPa）,平均视力好于0．54。结论：小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除并后房型人工晶状体植入术具有切口小,眼压控制好,滤过泡形佳,能获得一定的视力。     

Long-term results of combined 1-way phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, and trabeculectomy

PURPOSE: To analyze the results of 1-way phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation combined with trabeculectomy. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology and Neurosurgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. METHODS: This retrospective study comprised 42 eyes of 36 patients with glaucoma and cataract who had phacoemulsification with posterior chamber IOL implantation combined with trabeculectomy. The mean follow-up of 28.24 months +/- 10.99 (SD) (range 11 to 52 months) included measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity, visual field, endothelial cell loss, and notation of complications. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant postoperative improvement in visual acuity (P < .001). Mean preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/200 (range 20/30 to hand movements). Mean 1 year postoperative BCVA was 20/30 (range 20/20 to 20/60). The preoperative mean IOP of 24.06 mm Hg decreased to 15.36 mm Hg at 1 year (P < .001). All 42 eyes had a postoperative IOP of less than 21.00 mm Hg. Mean central cornea endothelial cell density preoperatively was 2238 +/- 396 cells/mm2 (range 1697 to 2906 cells/mm2) and postoperatively, 2005 +/- 397 cells/mm2 (range 1302 to 2801 cells/mm2). Early postoperative complications consisted of a choroidal detachment in 2 patients (4.76%). Three and 4 days after surgery, respectively, 2 patients (4.76%) had surgery to remove viscoelastic substance under the IOL. Late complications included posterior synechias in 3 eyes (7.14%). One year after surgery, because of a significant decrease in vision, a neodymium:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy was necessary in 2 eyes, 1 with an acrylic IOL (3.70%) and 1 with a silicone lens (9.09%). CONCLUSION: Combined phacoemulsification, posterior chamber IOL implantation, and trabeculectomy was safe and effective in patients with coexisting glaucoma and cataract.     

Seven-year follow-up of combined cataract extraction and viscocanalostomy

PURPOSE: To investigate the long-term success and complications of phacoemulsification combined with viscocanalostomy (phacoviscocanalostomy) in eyes with coexisting cataract and medically uncontrolled glaucoma. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Warrington Hospital, Warrington, United Kingdom. METHODS: A prospective nonrandomized study evaluated 165 consecutive eyes (114 patients) that had phacoviscocanalostomy. The main outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity, requirement for topical antiglaucoma medication, and the presence or absence of drainage blebs or bleb complications. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 38.7 months +/- 19.3 (SD) (range 12 to 90 months). There was a statistically significant decrease in IOP, from 24.1 +/- 5.1 mm Hg preoperatively to 13.8 +/- 8.1 mm Hg 1 day after surgery (P<.001), 16.0 +/- 4.1 mm Hg at 5 years (P<.001), and at all evaluations to the last follow-up. The mean number of medications per eye decreased significantly from 2.5 +/- 0.9 before surgery to 0.1 +/- 0.5 at last follow-up (P<.001). At the final follow-up, IOP was reduced by 33.2% (16.2 mm Hg versus 24.1 mm Hg). Complete success, defined as an IOP reduction of more than 30% from preoperative level without medications, was achieved in 48.5% of eyes, with 42% of eyes having an IOP of less than 16 mm Hg. The percentage fall in IOP was linearly related to the preoperative IOP level (P<.001). No eye developed a trabeculectomy-type bleb, and there were no bleb-related complications. CONCLUSIONS: Phacoviscocanalostomy was safe and effective for the management of eyes with coexisting cataract and medically uncontrolled glaucoma. It provided a stable and sustained reduction in IOP with a minimum requirement for topical medication.