Color stimuli perception in presence of light scattering

Perception of different color contrast stimuli was studied in the presence of light scattering: in a fog chamber in Clermont-Ferrand and in laboratory conditions where light scattering of similar levels was obtained, using different light scattering eye occluders. Blue (shortest wavelength) light is scattered in fog to the greatest extent, causing deterioration of vision quality especially for the monochromatic blue stimuli. However, for the color stimuli presented on a white background, visual acuity in fog for blue Landolt-C optotypes was higher than for red and green optotypes on the white background. The luminance of color Landolt-C optotypes presented on a LCD screen was chosen corresponding to the blue, green, and red color contributions in achromatic white stimuli (computer digital R, G, or B values for chromatic stimuli equal to RGB values in the achromatic white background) that results in the greatest luminance contrast for the white-blue stimuli, thus advancing the visual acuity for the white-blue stimuli. Besides such blue stimuli on the white background are displayed with a uniform, spatially unmodulated distribution of the screen blue phosphor emission over the entire area of the screen including the stimulus C optotype area. It follows that scattering, which has the greatest effect on the blue component of screen luminance, has the least effect on the perception of white-blue stimuli.     

Straylight in the human eye: testing objectivity and optical character of the psychophysical measurement

The point spread function or PSF of the human eye encompasses hugely different domains: a small-angle, high-intensity domain, called the 'PSF core', and a large-angle, low-intensity domain, usually referred to as 'straylight'. The first domain can be assessed by available double-pass or other optical techniques. For the second domain psychophysical techniques have been developed, in particular the Compensation Comparison or CC technique, recently made available for clinical application in the C-Quant instrument. We address the question of whether the psychophysical technique gives measures of straylight that are compatible with those made by optical methods. With a small adaptation the CC method can be used to assess straylight from physical light scattering samples, instead of straylight in the eye, using the same psychophysics, but without interference from the ocular straylight. The light scattered by each of seven light-scattering samples, encompassing the range of straylight values observed in human eyes, was measured by two optical methods and by the psychophysical technique. The results showed that the optical and psychophysical measurements for the seven samples were almost identical.     

Comparison of pseudophakic retinal straylight in spherical/aspherical and hydrophobic/hydrophilic intraocular lens

AIM: To study the potential reasons of increased straylight in pseudophakic eyes. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Seventy patients diagnosed as bilateral age-related cataract and implanted with Tecnis ZA9003, Sensar AR40e, SA60AT, XLSTABI ZO or Akeros AO intraocular lens (IOL) were enrolled in this research. Straylight was measured by a C-Quant straylight meter three to four weeks postoperatively. Five different modalities of IOL, including spherical/aspherical optics and hydrophobic/hydrophilic material were tested in this study. Normal as well as dilated pupils were used. The main outcome variable for straylight measurement was the logarithmic straylight parameter, log(s). RESULTS: The straylight parameter increased significantly after pupil dilation (P<0.05). Straylight of aspherical IOL was significantly higher after pupil dilation (P<0.05) compared to spherical IOL. In normal pupil, straylight of hydrophobic IOL was significant higher when compared with hydrophilic IOL (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Straylight and visual acuity stand for the different aspects of visual function. Several factors including pupil diameter, optic material, aspherical design of IOL influence intraocular light scattering in pseudophakic eyes. Further investigation was needed to study the impact of optic material and optic surface design on pseudophakic straylight.     

Dependence of intraocular straylight on pigmentation and light transmission through the ocular wall

The straylight function of the human eye depends on eye color, especially at larger angles of scattering. As a potential cause for this dependence, transmission of light through the ocular wall was measured, using a psychophysical method. For a light-blue eye effective transmission of the iris was 1% for red and 0.2% for green light. Also the eyewall around the iris transmits a significant amount of light. For the dark-brown eyes of pigmented individuals transmission is lower by two orders of magnitude. Although important, transmission proved to be only partly responsible for the pigmentation dependence, the other cause probably being reflection from the fundus.     

Wavelength dependence of intraocular straylight

Wavelength dependence of retinal straylight has been a mystery since Stiles in 1929 [Stiles,W.S., 1929. The scattering theory of the effect of glare on the brightness difference threshold. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. (Biol.) 105, 131-41.] supposed it to have the strong Rayleigh type lambda(-4) dependence, typical for small particle light scattering, but which was never found. Using the accurate 'compensation comparison' approach, retinal straylight was measured from 625 to 457 nm. Subjects with a large variety of ocular pigmentation were included. Straylight was found to depend strongly on pigmentation of the eye, in addition to age. Young and well-pigmented eyes (young negroids) show nearly perfect lambda(-4) dependence. With less pigmentation (blue-eyed Caucasians), a red dominated component is added, negating the lambda(-4) dependence.     

Forward-scattered and backward-scattered light in moderate keratoconus

Introduction

To evaluate the backscattered light, objective scatter index (OSI) and retinal straylight in patients with moderate keratoconus and healthy control subjects.

Methods

A prospective observational study was developed with 33 patients in the moderate-keratoconus group (KC) and 34 in the non-keratoconus group (NKC). Corneal densitometry was obtained using Scheimpflug corneal tomography and measurements were expressed in grayscale units (GSU) over four zones within a 12.00 mm diameter around the corneal apex. A straylight meter was used to determine the amount of intraocular straylight under scotopic conditions, and the straylight parameter (LOG(s)) and test duration were recorded. The Optical Quality Analysis System based on the double-pass technique determined the OSI value.

Results

Significant differences were observed between the KC and NKC groups for corneal densitometry (except in the 6–10 mm zone), OSI and retinal straylight. A moderate and significant correlation was found between OSI and retinal straylight LOG(s) (r = 0.52, p = 0.002). Weaker and non-significant correlations were found between corneal densitometry and the other parameters analysed (i.e., OSI, retinal straylight LOG(s) and retinal straylight times).

Conclusions

Backscattered light, retinal straylight and the OSI show clear differences between healthy eyes and those with moderate KC. The changes present in the stages of KC evaluated in the current study (stages II and III according to the Amsler–Krumeich classification) might alter the scattering of the light entering the eye.     

Intraocular straylight after implantation of the multifocal AcrySof ReSTOR SA60D3 diffractive intraocular lens

PURPOSE: To measure intraocular straylight (as a measure of glare) after cataract surgery and implantation of an AcrySof ReSTOR SA60D3 multifocal or AcrySof SA60AT monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) (both Alcon Laboratories). SETTING: University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht; Isala Clinics, Zwolle; Netherlands Institute for Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. METHODS: In a prospective open observational case series, a newly developed straylight meter was used to objectively measure straylight 6 months postoperatively in 66 eyes with a diffractive AcrySof ReSTOR SA60D3 IOL (multifocal group) and 40 eyes with a monofocal AcrySof SA60AT IOL (monofocal group). A comparison of straylight levels in an age-matched population without cataract (control group) was performed. RESULTS: The straylight level was 1.20 log units +/- 0.16 (SD) in the multifocal group and 1.10 +/- 0.19 log units in the monofocal group. When the difference in mean level of straylight was adjusted for age, mean straylight levels were 0.078 log units lower in the monofocal group than in the multifocal group (P = .026). Straylight levels in both pseudophakic groups were lower than in the control group without cataract (P< .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Levels of intraocular straylight log(s) were significantly lower for both types of IOL than in age-matched subjects from the normal population. The mean level of intraocular straylight 6 months postoperatively was higher in patients with an AcrySof ReSTOR SA60D3 IOL than in patients with a monofocal AcrySof SA60AT IOL. Implantation of the former IOL would therefore result in a smaller gain in contrast sensitivity and a smaller reduction in glare and halos than implantation of the latter IOL.     

Pupil size and retinal straylight in the normal eye

PURPOSE: Glare problems originating from bright lights are generally experienced more strongly at night. The typical disability glare is known to result from retinal straylight. In this study, the effects of pupil diameter and, especially in the case of small pupils, of eye wall translucency on the amount of retinal straylight were investigated. METHODS: Straylight was measured as a function of pupil diameter ranging from 1.3 to >8 mm in five normal subjects by using a white-light, CRT-based system for scattering angles of 3.5 degrees , 7 degrees , and 14 degrees . In the study of red-free light, a yellow-LED based system was used with the same five subjects for scattering angles of 3.5 degrees , 10 degrees , and 28 degrees . Data were analyzed to assess effects of (1) inhomogeneity of light-scattering over the pupil plane, (2) translucency of the eye wall, and (3) effects of the periphery of the lens. To estimate the order of magnitude of pupil contraction in the typical glare situation, pupil reflexes resulting from the sudden appearance of headlight-equivalent bright lights were recorded in three subjects in a laboratory environment. RESULTS: For natural pupils (between 2 and 7 mm diameter), straylight weakly depends on pupil diameter (within 0.2 log units). For large scatter angles and small pupil diameters, eye wall translucency contributes significantly to straylight in a wavelength- and pigmentation-dependent manner. Pupil diameters decreased to photopic values under typical night-driving glare conditions. CONCLUSIONS: In normal eyes, straylight values measured with photopic pupils are by approximation also valid for mesopic and scotopic pupils, such as in night driving. Measurement of straylight under large angle and small pupil conditions can be used for quantitative assessment of eye wall translucency.     

Randomised controlled trial of the effects of two rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens materials and two surface cleaners on straylight values

Purpose: In a double‐masked randomized controlled crossover study we investigated both the retinal responses to straylight, and the effects of lens cleaners on straylight values, in two different RGP contact lens materials. Methods: Thirty patients (20–59 years) wearing RGP lenses were refitted with new lenses made of Boston XO material in one eye and made of Comfort O2 (ONSI‐56) material in the other eye. Reported wetting angles for the Boston XO material (103°) and for the ONSI‐56 material (7.2°) were obtained by sessile drop measurements. After refitting, the study comprised three 5‐week trial periods. In Period 1 half of the participants (Group A) wore Boston XO lenses in their right eye and Comfort O2 (ONSI‐56) lenses in their left eye, and the other half (Group B) vice versa. In Period 2 Group A wore Comfort O2 (ONSI‐56) lenses in their right eye and Boston XO lenses in their left, and Group B vice versa. All participants used Miraflow cleaner during periods 1 and 2. In Period 3, during which all participants used Boston cleaner, Group A wore Boston XO lenses in their right eye and Comfort O2 (ONSI‐56) lenses in their left eye and Group B vice versa. Straylight data (log S) were obtained with and without contact lenses using the Oculus C‐Quant straylight meter in all three periods. Central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured in the second and third periods. Results: When not wearing lenses (n = 60 eyes) at the end of the second 5 week trial period straylight was measured twice with averages of 1.07 log S, and the corrected CCT measurements averaged 546 μm. Straylight values with Comfort O2 (ONSI‐56) reached 1.15 log S at the end of both the second (n = 25 eyes) and third periods (n = 23 eyes). Straylight values with Boston XO were 1.17 log S (n = 26 eyes) at the end of the second period, and 1.16 log S (n = 25 eyes) at the end of the third period. Conclusions: Existing RGP lens wearers refitted with new lenses with different contact angles, made of Boston XO and Comfort O2 (ONSI‐56) showed, over three 5 week periods, relatively small increases in straylight, which were functionally comparable, irrespective of the type of lens material or lens cleaner used. At every visit, straylight values and CCTs returned to baseline levels after RGP lens removal, confirming that the straylight fluctuations were mainly due to scattering from the RGP lenses; or tear film interaction; or a combination of both.     

Behavioral studies of stimulus deprivation amblyopia in monkeys

Contrast sensitivity and increment-threshold functions were studied for three rhesus monkeys with stimulus deprivation amblyopia. The monkeys' right eyelids were sutured closed before the age of 1 month for periods of two weeks, 19 months and 23 months. Contrast sensitivity measurements for all three monkeys showed greatly reduced visual function in the deprived eye with a high spatial frequency cut-off 6 octaves lower in the deprived than the nondeprived eyes. The increment-threshold data collected for the two long-term lid-sutured monkeys showed both photopic and scotopic abnormalities in the deprived eyes. For example, with complete dark adaptation although the spectral sensitivity data for both the deprived and nondeprived eyes were well fit by the scotopic luminosity function, the sensitivity for the deprived eye was approximately 4 log units lower than the nondeprived eye. In addition, the spectral sensitivity data for the deprived eyes showed scotopic luminosity functions for achromatic adapting field luminances of 188, 750 and 3000 td whereas the nondeprived eye showed normal photopic function for all light adapted conditions. Even when the spectral sensitivity measurements were made in the presence of intense blue backgrounds, the data obtained for the deprived eyes were best described as showing scotopic function over the short wavelengths and photopic function only at the longer wavelengths. The increment-threshold functions for achromatic stimuli showed normal rod-cone interactions in the nondeprived eyes, but the functions were monotonic for the deprived eyes over a 9 log unit range of background luminances. Therefore, the results of these experiments show that stimulus deprivation causes profound defects for visual resolution, rod saturation and the rate of change of sensitivity with light adaptation.     

Stray light in radial keratotomy and the influence of pupil size and straylight angle.

Glare is a major sequela of the radial keratotomy procedure. We used the straylight meter to measure intraocular light scatter, which is the cause of glare, in eyes after radial keratotomy. This apparatus uses a direct compensation method to assess the amount of intraocular light scatter. Nineteen patients were tested. Nine individuals served as controls. The mean postsurgery time was 60 months. The influence of the number of radial incisions, the pupil size, and the angle of light entering the eye were evaluated with the straylight meter. The results showed straylight values for normal pupil size (mean, 4 mm) to be statistically significantly higher (P = .0044) only for the smallest angle of light deflection studied (3.5 degrees). For dilated pupils (mean, 8 mm), straylight values were statistically significantly higher (P = .00005) for all three angles of light deflection studied. The number of incisions showed no statistically significant relationship to straylight values. Average stray light values were increased by a factor of 1.4 for 4-mm sized pupils and 2.0 for 8-mm sized pupils. There was an overlap in straylight values between the patient population and the control population.     

Stray light in photorefractive keratectomy for myopia

We performed a study to evaluate the influence on visual function of intraocular straylight after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). We present 4 eyes of 4 myopic individuals, who had contacted our clinic for keratorefractive surgical treatment. PRK's were performed with a Summit laser, using a 5 mm ablation zone. The straylight meter was used to measure the amount of intraocular scattered light, the physical cause of glare complaints, before and after PRK. This apparatus uses the direct compensation method to assess the amount of intraocular light scatter. The results showed a significant increase in straylight values, in the tested eyes, during the first two weeks after PRK. After the initial rise, straylight values returned to preoperative levels, except for two eyes that clearly developed a haze higher than grade two. Instead of returning to baseline levels, straylight values remained significantly higher in these eyes.     

Straylight effects with aging and lens extraction

PURPOSE: To assess possible gains and losses in straylight values among the population to consider straylight as added benefit of lens extraction. DESIGN: In this cross-sectional design, data from a multicenter study on visual function in automobile drivers were analyzed. METHODS: On both eyes of 2,422 subjects, visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [logMAR] in steps of 0.02 log units), straylight on the retina (psychophysical compensation comparison method), and lens opacity (slit-lamp scoring using the Lens Opacities Classification System III [LOCS III] system) were determined. Three groups were defined: 220 pseudophakic eyes, 3,182 noncataractous eyes (average LOCS III score, <1.5), and 134 cataractous eyes (average LOCS III score, >3.0). RESULTS: Noncataractous straylight values increases strongly with age as: log(s) = constant + log(1 + (age / 65)(4)), doubling by the age of 65 years, and tripling by the age of 77 years. Population standard deviation around this age norm was approximately 0.10 log units. The cataract eyes (in this active driver group) had relatively mild straylight increase. In pseudophakia, straylight values may be very good, better even than in the noncataract group. Visual acuity and straylight were found to vary quite independently. CONCLUSIONS: Lens extraction holds promise not only to improve on the condition of the cataract eye, but also to improve on the age-normal eye. Lens extraction potentially reverses the strong age increase in straylight value, quite independently from visual acuity.     

人工晶状体屈光指数对白内障术后眩光的影响

目的:通过眼内散射光的检查,探讨人工晶状体屈光指数对白内障术后眩光值的影响。方法:采用病例对照研究,选取2013-08/2014-03期间就诊于中国医科大学眼科医院的最佳矫正视力BCVA≥0.5的年龄相关性白内障患者77例77眼,行白内障超声乳化吸除联合后房型非球面人工晶状体植入,所有的人工晶状体均为疏水性丙烯酸酯材料,随机分为3组;选用Tecnis ZCB00(屈光指数1.47)组22例22眼;选用Hoya PY60AD(屈光指数1.52)组24例24眼;选用Alcon SN60WF(屈光指数1.55)组31例31眼;测量患者术后的BCVA、瞳孔直径、散光度数等数据,C-QUANT测量散射光值。结果:各组的年龄、眼轴、BCVA、瞳孔大小、散光度数变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Tecnis组散射光值1.04±0.15;Hoya组散射光值1.19±0.14;IQ组散射光值1.14±0.18;眼内散射光值各组差异有统计学意义(F=5.352,P=0.007<0.05),BCVA与散射光值相关性分析无统计学意义(r=-0.133,P=0.124>0.05)。结论:选用高屈光指数人工晶状体的患者术后散射光值会更高。     

Trypan blue assisted phacoemulsification in corneal opacities

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of trypan blue for enhancing visualisation during phacoemulsification and foldable lens implantation in cases of cataract with corneal opacities. METHODS: 11 eyes of 11 patients with nebulomacular corneal opacities involving the visual axis with partially and visually debilitating cataract underwent trypan blue assisted phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation. The patients were followed at the first day, first week, first month, and third month postoperatively. Completion of capsulorhexis, phacoemulsification with foldable lens implantation, and postoperative best corrected visual acuity were measured. RESULTS: The dye improved visualisation of the anterior capsule and a complete capsulorhexis could be performed successfully in all eyes. In all but one eye phacoemulsification was accomplished successfully. In one eye with Fuchs' dystrophy penetrating keratoplasty was performed later. Visual acuity was < or = 6/60 preoperatively in all eyes and improved to > or = 6/24 in eight eyes postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Trypan blue assisted phacoemulsification may be performed in selected cases of corneal haze/opacification with cataract. It provides acceptable visual outcome in cases awaiting penetrating keratoplasty or in cases where it is not feasible or promising.     

Comparing the efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification in white mature and other types of senile cataracts

Aim: To compare the intraoperative difficulty and postoperative outcome in patients who have white mature cataract in one eye and other types of senile cataract in the other eye undergoing clear corneal phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: 82 patients who had white mature cataract in one eye, posterior subcapsular, cortical, nuclear, or mixed type cataract in the other eye were enrolled in this prospective study. Postoperative outcomes, intraoperative difficulties related to capsulorhexis, and phacoemulsification were analysed between the two groups of eyes. Postoperative examinations were done at 1 day, 1 week, 1 and 3 months. RESULTS: Postoperative visual acuity, central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, and rate of posterior capsule rupture were not significantly different between the two group of eyes (p>0.05). Mean effective phaco time, frequency of postoperative corneal oedema and posterior capsular plaque were found to be significantly higher in the mature cataract group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A one stage, 5 mm continuous capsulorhexis was achieved using trypan blue and generous amounts of retentive viscoelastic agent in eyes with white mature cataract. Intraoperative difficulties and postoperative outcome of clear corneal incision phacoemulsification surgery and foldable intraocular lens implantation were similar in white mature and other types of senile cataract. Topical anaesthesia in phacoemulsification of eyes with white mature cataract is safe and well tolerated.     

Does the use of trypan blue during phacoemulsification affect the intraocular pressure?

Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of trypan blue on intraocular pressure (IOP) after small-incision cataract surgery.Design: Prospective, randomized study.Participants: Fifteen patients (30 eyes) with bilateral, dense, age-related cataracts.Methods: Patients with glaucoma, ocular hypertension, exfoliation, pigment dispersion syndrome, history of uveitis, recent use of topical or systemic steroids, and previous ocular surgery were excluded. The patients were randomly assigned to receive trypan blue during cataract surgery for enhancing capsulorrhexis in 1 of their eyes, while in the other eye, trypan blue was not used. Cataract surgery was performed in an identical fashion in both eyes, with a sutureless posterior limbal incision, phacoemulsification, and implantation of a foldable intraocular lens. The same viscoelastic (sodium hyaluronate) was used in all cases and was thoroughly aspirated at the end of the procedure. All patients received a single dose of 250 mg acetazolamide 8 hours after surgery. No other antiglaucomatous agent was used during surgery or postoperatively. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured preoperatively and at 24 hours, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively.Results: IOP values were similar in both groups at all 4 postoperative measurements. There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative IOP values between the eyes in which trypan blue was used and the control eyes.Conclusions: The use of trypan blue during small-incision cataract surgery does not have any effect on IOP during the immediate and early postoperative period.     

高龄老人白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术临床分析

目的　探讨分析高龄老人白内障人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效。方法　对 4 8例 (5 9只眼 ) 75～ 87岁高龄老人行白内障囊外摘出联合人工晶状体植入术 ,分析术后视力及并发症。结果　术后视力 >0 .0 5者 (5 4只眼 ) ,>0 .3者 (31只眼 )。脱盲率为 91.5 % ,脱残率为 5 2 .5 %。术后并发症有轻度角膜内皮水肿 4 5只眼 ,重度角膜内皮水肿 3只眼 ,重度前段葡萄膜反应 5只眼 ,人工晶状体瞳孔夹持 1只眼。结论　白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术可使多数高龄白内障患者复明。手术关键是技术娴熟 ,减少并发症。     

Evaluation of the dependence between the lens thickness and intraocular pressure after cataract extraction in patient with glaucoma

PURPOSE: The main purpose of the study is the evaluation of the dependence between lens thickness in eyes with cataract and glaucoma and the intraocular pressure after cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 138 eyes with cataract and glaucoma were examined. Patients were divided into three groups according to the type of glaucoma: I open angle glaucoma II closed angle glaucoma III glaucoma with pseudoexfoliation syndrome All patients received preoperatively drugs reducing intraocular hypertension. The intraocular pressure was measured on operation day and on the first and fifth day after. The subsequent measurements were carried out one month, 3 months and nine months postoperatively. Lens thickness measurement was conducted with ultrasonography one day before operation. RESULTS: The dependence between lens thickness and intraocular pressure normalization (p < 0.005) has been found on the basis of statistical research with t-Student test in the closed angle glaucoma group with the greatest preoperative lens thickness. CONCLUSIONS: The statistically proven dependence between preoperative lens thickness and postoperative intraocular pressure reduction in patients with the closed angle glaucoma, has been found on the basis of conducted research.     

不同形态年龄相关性白内障视觉质量的临床评价

目的 通过眼内散射光及对比敏感度(CS)检查,探讨不同形态年龄相关性白内障对视觉质量的影响.方法 病例对照研究.选取2010年2月至12月就诊于中国医科大学眼科医院的最佳矫正远视力(BCVA)≥0.5的年龄相关性白内障患者76例(76只眼),分为4组,其中皮质性白内障组33例(33只眼),核性白内障组20例(20只眼),后囊膜下白内障组23例(23只眼),健康对照组26例(26只眼).使用综合验光仪测量患者的BCVA,CSV-1000E CS仪检测患者的CS,C-Quant散射光计量仪测量患者的眼内散射光,VF-14调查问卷评价患者的主观视觉质量.结果 各组的年龄、BCVA、眼内散射光、3、6、12、18 c/d的CS分别为:皮质性白内障组:(66.1±6.7)岁,0.58 ±0.10,1.50±0.24,1.33±0.19,1.21±0.18,1.01±0.19,0.50±0.09;核性白内障组:(67.6±5.0)岁,0.62±0.11,1.46±0.11,1.38±0.19,1.28±0.19,1.09±0.18,0.54±0.09;后囊膜下白内障组:(60.6±7.1)岁,0.57±0.09,1.85±0.26,1.11±0.12,1.04 ±0.13,0.89±0.13,0.34±0.11;健康眼对照组:(63.9±7.3)岁,1.00±0.11,1.28 ±0.17,1.58±0.19,1.72±0.21,1.53±0.19,0.71 ±0.11 (F=9.983,F=103.925,F=31.760,F=28.871,F=65.889,F=66.453,F=61.540;P =0.000).经SNK-q检验,健康对照组的BCVA、眼内散射光、不同空间频率的CS与3种形态白内障眼比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);皮质性、核性及后囊膜下白内障的BCVA差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);后囊膜下白内障患者的年龄、散射光及不同空间频率的CS与皮质性及核性白内障比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);皮质性与核性白内障年龄、散射光及不同频率的CS差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).3种形态白内障的视功能指数( VF-14)量表差异有统计学意义(F=10.211,P=0.000).校正年龄影响后,皮质性、核性、后囊膜下白内障的BCVA与散射光均不相关(r= -0.227,r= -0.279,r=-0.373;P＞0.05);BCVA与3、6、12、18 c/d的CS相关性为:与皮质性白内障成线性正相关(r =0.569,r=0.517,r=0.500,r=0.449;P＜0.01);与核性白内障成线性正相关(r=0.657,r=0.542,r=0.513,r=0.492;P＜0.05);与后囊膜下白内障均不相关(P＞0.05).VF-14量表与皮质性及核性白内障的BCVA、散射光及3、6、12、18 c/d的CS相关(r=0.670,r=-0.740,r=0.811,r=0.826,r=0.809,r=0.720,P＜0.01;r=0.731,r= -0.721,r=0.816,r=0.769,r=0.738,r=0.728,P≤0.01)与后囊膜下白内障的CS及散射光相关(r= -0.910,r=0.879,r=0.896,r=0.874,r=0.844;P＜0.001),BCVA不相关(r=0.370,P=0.090).结论 视力检查可能会低估皮质性、核性、后囊膜下混浊等形态差异对视觉质量的影响,后囊膜下白内障对视觉质量的影响最大.眼内散射光及CS可以灵敏、定量评估白内障患者真实的视觉质量.