阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床研究

目的　探讨阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术的安全性、治疗效果及并发症的防治。方法　 2 0 0 1年 2月至 2 0 0 2年 9月卫生部北京医院前瞻性观察了经阴道子宫肌瘤剔除术的手术适应证、并发症、术后恢复情况和治疗效果 ,并与同期经腹子宫肌瘤剔除术病例相对比。结果　 89例病例中 ,5 8例成功地经阴道剔除了子宫肌瘤 ,其余 31例行腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术 ;肌瘤大小、术中平均出血量及术后体温情况两组间比较差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术手术时间、术后排气时间、术后疼痛程度及术后住院日等均较腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术短 (或轻 )(P <0 0 5 ) ;因盆腔痛手术者 ,阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术 10 0 0 %症状改善 ,腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术 77 4 %症状改善 ,组间比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　在一定适应证下 ,阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术较腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术具有手术并发症少 ,临床治疗效果明显等优点。     

阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术的可行性分析

目的:通过比较阴式、腹式和腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剔除术的优缺点,评价阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术的可行性.方法:回顾性分析阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术38例(阴式组)、腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术31例(腹式组)和腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剔除术29例(腹腔镜组)的临床资料,并对3组围手术期情况进行比较分析.结果:阴式组术中出血量、术后排气时间和术后住院天数均明显低于腹式组(P＜0.05),与腹腔镜组相当(P＞0.05);手术时间长于腹式组(P＜0.05)而短于腹腔镜组;住院费用和手术费用明显低于腹腔镜组(P＜0.01),与腹式组相当(P＞0.05).结论:阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术具有创伤小、恢复快、术后并发症少、腹部无切口等优点,安全可行,值得推广.     

阴式与腹腔镜子宫全切除术的临床效果比较

目的比较阴式子宫全切除术和腹腔镜子宫全切除术的临床效果。方法收集我院2002年1月至2004年6月接受以上不同途径子宫切除术的病例共301例的临床资料,其中阴式子宫全切除术197例(阴式组),腹腔镜子宫全切除术104例(腹腔镜组),比较两组疾病种类、手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、医疗费用及术后恢复情况等。结果(1)疾病种类:宫颈非典型增生阴式组19例、腹腔镜组3例;子宫腺肌病、合并附件疾病或盆腔子宫内膜异位症,阴式组分别为58例、9例、8例,腹腔镜组分别为45例、33例、13例;(2)手术时间:阴式组(76±28)min、腹腔镜组(139±52)min;(3)术中出血量:阴式组(170±125)ml、腹腔镜组(206±153)ml;(4)肌瘤或腺肌瘤最大直径:阴式组(49±17)mm、腹腔镜组(57±22)mm;(5)手术费用:阴式组(1073±203)元、腹腔镜组(1526±676)元。以上各指标两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0·05);(6)住院时间:阴式组(5·6±1·2)d、腹腔镜组(5·7±2·4)d;(7)子宫重量:阴式组(235±115)g、腹腔镜组(256±158)g;(8)手术并发症发生率:阴式组为2·54%、腹腔镜组为2·88%。住院时间、切除子宫重量及手术并发症发生率等两组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0·05)。结论无明显盆腔粘连和附件疾病的子宫全切除术可选择阴式途径,子宫大小并非选择术式的决定因素。     

开腹与微创子宫肌瘤剔除术临床结局分析

目的 评价开腹、腹腔镜下及阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术的优缺点和手术适应证.方法 回顾分析北京协和医院2005年1月至2006年6月同期行开腹子宫肌瘤剔除术81例、腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剔除术148例和阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术10例的临床资料,选出相匹配的组别分别进行比较,分析其一般临床资料及围手术期资料特点.结果 阴式组与相匹配的腹腔镜组比较:住院费用阴式组明显少于腹腔镜组[(4 669±1 050)元对(6 187±945)元],术后肛门排气时间阴式组明显短于腹腔镜组[(14.8±2.6)h对(18.8±3.1)h],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后住院时间阴式组长于腹腔镜组[(4.1±1.9)d对(2.6±O.9)d,P<0.05);单发肌壁间肌瘤腹腔镜组与相匹配的开腹组相比,术后住院时间腹腔镜组明显短于开腹组[(3.2±0.9)d对(6.0±0.94)d],术后病率和术后镇痛药使用率腹腔镜组亦明显少于开腹组(5.88%对41.18%,8.82%对35.29%).手术时间腹腔镜组明显长于开腹组[(106.9±42.0)min时(74.8±27.1)min),均P<0.05.结论 腹腔镜下及阴式肌瘤剔除术均为微创术式,两种术式均安全可靠;阴式肌瘤剔除术住院费用更少,对腹腔干扰更小,而多发(≥5个)、巨大或剔除术后复发的肌瘤首选开腹肌瘤剔除术.     

子宫肌瘤剔除术的术式变化及相关因素探讨

目的:探讨子宫肌瘤剔除术的术式变化及相关因素.方法:回顾性分析我院近5年因患子宫肌瘤而行肌瘤剔除术(除外黏膜下肌瘤或子宫腺肌病患者)的421例患者临床资料,按术式不同分为3组,即阴式剔除术组、腹腔镜剔除术组及腹式剔除术组,比较3组的构成比、剔除肌瘤大小、手术时间、出血量等.结果:近5年来3组术式的总构成比依次为腹式剔除术组54.9%,阴式剔除术组为31.8%,腹腔镜剔除术组为13.3%;阴式剔除术组所占比例逐年显著上升,2007年达49.5%,首次超过腹式剔除术组34.1%;阴式剔除术组剔除的最大肌瘤平均直径显著低于腹式剔除术组(P<0.01);阴式剔除术组及腹腔镜剔除术组的术后排气时间及术后住院时间均低于腹式剔除术组(P<0.05),而阴式剔除术组的手术时间及术中出血量又低于腹腔镜剔除术组(P<0.05).结论:只要适应证选择正确,目前3种子宫肌瘤剔除术式均是临床上安全有效可行的手术方式,其中阴式剔除术逐渐成为最受患者欢迎的主流术式之一.     

阴式与腹腔镜下剔除子宫肌瘤的效果比较

目的:比较阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术与腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剔除术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床效果。方法:选择2009年2月—2011年2月收治的80例子宫肌瘤患者,按照随机数字表法分为阴式组(40例)和腹腔镜组(40例)。对2组患者的手术创伤、术后疼痛率及术后病率进行比较分析。结果:2组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后疼痛率及术后病率比较,阴式组均优于腹腔镜组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在选择正确的适应证条件下,阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术与腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剔除术均是临床上安全有效的微创手术方式,但阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术具有创伤更小、术后疼痛轻且体表无瘢痕等优点。     

经阴道与腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的对比分析

目的比较经阴道子宫肌瘤剔除术(transvaginalmyomectomy,TVM)与腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术(laparoscopicmyomectomy,LM)的临床效果。方法2005年3月至2007年3月在上海交通大学医学院附属国际和平妇幼保健院采用经阴道或腹腔镜行子宫肌瘤剔除术共360例,其中腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术189例(腹腔镜组),经阴道子宫肌瘤剔除术171例(阴式组),比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、剔除肌瘤个数、住院时间、术后恢复情况。结果两组手术时间、肌瘤大小、术后病率、术后排气时间及住院天数比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);腹腔镜组术中出血量[(168±79)mL]多于阴式组[(98±45)mL](P<0.05),阴式组剔除肌瘤数目[(4.3±2.9)]多于腹腔镜组[(2.2±1.6)个](P<0.05)。结论TVM具有出血少,剔除肌瘤数目多,适于肌壁间或较深部位子宫肌瘤剔除的优点。LM创伤小,术后粘连少。临床医生应根据自己的经验和适应证选择恰当术式。     

阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术与腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术的对比观察

目的评估阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术与腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效。方法选取2013年1月~2015年4月我院收治的子宫肌瘤患者90例,随机分为阴式组和腹腔镜组,各45例。阴式组患者采用阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术,腹腔镜组患者采用腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术,观察记录两组患者的术中(手术时间、术中出血量、剔除肌瘤数)、术后(术后肛门排气时间、平均住院时间)指标及术后复发率情况。结果阴式组术中的手术时间、术中出血量和剔除肌瘤数均显著优于腹腔镜组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者术后指标及术后复发率对比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术在手术时间、术中出血量和剔除肌瘤数上均显著优于腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术,具有一定的推广价值。     

不同途径子宫全切除术的临床效果比较

目的探讨4种不同途径子宫全切除术的临床效果。方法回顾性分析756例子宫全切除术患者的临床资料,其中行传统腹式子宫全切除术(TAH)260例(TAH组)、改良腹式小切口子宫全切除术(MAH)180例(MAH组)、阴式子宫全切除术(TVH)106例(TVH组)、腹腔镜辅助阴式子宫全切除术(LAVH)210例(LAVH组),比较各组患者术中及术后的情况。结果平均手术时间TAH组为(98±23)min、MAH组为(67±18)min、TVH组为(63±19)min、LAVH组为(99±35)min,TAH、LAVH组平均手术时间与MAH、TVH组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05);术中平均出血量TAH组为(180±49)ml,显著多于MAH组的(102±43)ml、TVH组的(93±31)ml和LAVH组的(111±39)ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05);术后使用抗生素时间和肛门排气时间TAH组为(5·2±2·6)d,(36±9)h;MAH组为(3·3±1·7)d,(23±7)h;TVH组为(3·2±1·6)d,(21±4)h;LAVH组为(3·5±1·9)d,(23±6)h;TAH组与其他3组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0·05);术后体温升高的发生率TAH组也显著高于其他3组;术后平均住院时间TAH组为(5·4±2·3)d,MAH组为(5·6±1·9)d,均显著长于TVH组的(3·3±1·2)d和LAVH组的(3·6±1·1)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05);但平均治疗费用比较,LAVH组显著高于其他3组,差异有统计学意义(P<0·05)。结论不同途径子宫全切除术各有优势,且互不能完全替代,应根据患者的情况、手术医生的技术水平、医院的条件等综合考虑。     

腹腔镜Semm式子宫切除与经腹Semm式子宫切除比较

目的 :探讨腹腔镜 Semm子宫切除术在妇科领域的应用价值。方法 :回顾性分析比较腹腔镜 Semm式子宫切除 72例 (N1组 )和经腹 Semm式子宫切除 49例 (N2组 )患者的手术情况及术后情况。结果 :N1组平均年龄 44 .13± 3.6 8岁 ,N2组平均年龄 45 .2 7± 3.13岁。N1组中子宫肌瘤 47例 ,子宫腺肌病 2 0例 ,子宫肌瘤合并腺肌病 5例 ,N2组中子宫肌瘤 36例 ,子宫腺肌病 10例 ,子宫肌瘤合并腺肌病 3例 ,其组成比例无差别 ;N1组子宫平均大小孕 9± 1.7周 ,N2组子宫平均大小孕 10± 2 .1周 (P<0 .0 5 )。N1组手术平均时间 82 .2 4± 2 4.0 6分钟 ,N2组手术平均时间 10 4.0 0± 17.39分钟(P<0 .0 5 ) ;N1组术中出血 86 .11± 49.6 3ml,N2组术中出血 16 5 .31± 72 .32 ml(P<0 .0 5 )。N1组术后平均 1.2 9± 1.40天体温恢复正常 ,N2组术后平均 2 .76± 1.2 0天体温恢复正常 (P<0 .0 5 )。N1组术后住院天数为 10 .5 6± 2 .0 8天 ,N2组术后住院天数为 12 .37± 1.72天 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :腹腔镜下子宫切除采用 Semm式方法进行 ,安全且手术效果好 ,在适当病例中可取代经腹手术     

Cost analysis of myomectomy,hysterectomy, and uterine artery embolization

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare inpatient hospital costs of different treatments of uterine fibroid tumors, including myomectomy, hysterectomy, and uterine artery embolization in a teaching hospital. STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed the hospital database of 545 women with uterine fibroid tumors who were treated with abdominal myomectomy, total abdominal hysterectomy, vaginal hysterectomy, and uterine artery embolization between April 1997 and October 2001. RESULTS: Women who underwent hysterectomies and uterine artery embolization were significantly older than the women who underwent myomectomy. Uterine artery embolization was associated with the shortest hospital stay, although the hospital stay in the vaginal hysterectomy group was shorter than in the abdominal myomectomy and the total abdominal hysterectomy groups. Compared with other groups, the inpatient cost of nursing in the uterine artery embolization group was the lowest. The total inpatient cost of uterine artery embolization ($1,007.44 +/- $60.65 [Canadian dollars]) was significantly lower than the cost of total abdominal hysterectomy ($1,933.37 +/- $47.68 [Canadian dollars]), abdominal myomectomy ($1,781.73 +/- $47.16 [Canadian dollars]), and vaginal hysterectomy ($1,515.39 +/- $66.72 [Canadian dollars]; P <.001). Sixteen of the 85 patients (18.8%) were hospitalized after uterine artery embolization, mainly for abdominal pain. CONCLUSION: Compared with abdominal myomectomy, abdominal hysterectomy, and vaginal hysterectomy, uterine artery embolization is associated with a lower hospital cost and a shorter hospital stay. Hospitalization after uterine artery embolization is mainly for abdominal pain after the procedure. A better method of pain control to reduce the rate of hospitalization and its cost is needed.     

Vaginal and laparoscopic myomectomy for large posterior myomas: results of a pilot study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and complications of vaginal and laparoscopic myomectomy, and analgesic drug consumption. METHODS: We conducted a pilot study involving 24 women with single, large (>5cm) symptomatic posterior uterine leiomyomas. Twelve women underwent vaginal myomectomy and 12 laparoscopic myomectomy. The main outcome measures were the operating time, peri- and post-operative complications, and analgesic drug consumption. RESULTS: There was no difference in mean age, the rate of nulliparity, and the mean size of myomas between the two groups. The mean operating time was shorter in the vaginal group (96+/-38min versus 166+/-78min; P<0.01). There was no difference in mean blood loss or fibroid weight between the two groups. One of the 12 patients in the vaginal myomectomy group required laparoscopic conversion for an inaccessible fundal myoma. Post-operative morphine consumption was lower in the vaginal group (37.2+/-64mg versus 150.8+/-42mg; P<0.003). No post-operative complications occurred in either group. Gas and stool recovery, the length of hospital stay, and the time required to return to normal activity were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: Vaginal myomectomy is feasible and safe, and was associated with a shorter operating time and lower morphine consumption than laparoscopic myomectomy.     

Oxytocin during myomectomy: a randomized study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of oxytocin on peroperative blood loss during myomectomy. STUDY DESIGN: From October 1998 to May 2002, 94 patients requiring surgical myomectomy by laparotomy or by the vaginal approach were enrolled in a randomized double blind study. Patients were randomized to two groups. In the first group (47 patients) oxytocin was administered during myomectomy and in the second group (47 patients) a placebo was used. The main outcome measures were peroperative blood loss and rates of blood transfusion and autotransfusion. RESULTS: Peroperative blood loss was no different between the oxytocin group and the placebo group (508 +/- 558 ml versus 451 +/- 336 ml; P=0.55). Rates of autotransfusion and blood transfusion were also similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Administration of oxytocin during myomectomy did not reduce peroperative blood loss in our study. The benefits of using oxytocin to prevent hemorrhage during myomectomy seem to be limited.     

Comparative study of vaginal,laparoscopically assisted vaginal and abdominal hysterectomies for uterine myoma larger than 6 cm in diameter or uterus weighing at least 450 g: a prospective randomized study

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare peri-operative morbidity, preoperative sonographic estimation of uterine weight and postoperative outcomes of women with uterine fibroids larger than 6 cm in diameter or uteri estimated to weigh at least 450 g, undergoing either vaginal, laparoscopically assisted vaginal or abdominal hysterectomies. METHOD: Ninety patients who met the criteria of uterine fibroids larger than 6 cm by ultrasonographic examination were included in our prospective study. Patients were randomized into laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (30 patients), vaginal hysterectomy (30 patients) and abdominal hysterectomy (30 patients) groups. RESULTS: The laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy group had significantly longer operative times than the abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy groups (109 +/- 22 min, 98 +/- 16 min, and 74 +/- 22 min, respectively, p < 0.001). Blood loss for vaginal hysterectomy was significantly lower than for either abdominal or laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomies (215 +/- 134 ml, 293 +/- 182 ml, and 343 +/- 218 ml, respectively, p = 0.04). Vaginal hysterectomy and laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy groups had shorter hospital stays, lower postoperative pain scores, more rapid bowel recovery and lower postoperative antibiotic use than the abdominal hysterectomy group. Uterine weight in the abdominal hysterectomy group was significantly heavier than in the vaginal and laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy groups (1020 +/- 383 g, 835 +/- 330 g, and 748 +/- 255 g, respectively, p = 0.02). We estimated that when a myoma measured between 8 and 10 cm, the uterus weighed approximately 450 g, and the sensitivity of this prediction was 57.5%. For a myoma larger than 13 cm, the estimated uterine weight was more than 900 g and the sensitivity of this prediction was 71%. CONCLUSION: The study shows vaginal hysterectomy and laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy can be performed in women with uterine weight of at least 450 g. Preoperative ultrasonographic examination can provide the surgeon with valuable information on the size of the fibroid and the estimated weight of the enlarged uterus before implementing a suitable surgical method.     

Decrease of paraoxonase activity in the first day after abdominal operations in women

INTRODUCTION: Paraoxonase (PON1) is one of enzymes participating in antioxidative defence mechanism, which protects the organism from the results of action of reactive oxygen species. PON1 is an esterase contained in plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) which protects HDL from peroxidation and plasma membranes from free radical injury. PON1 serum activity is diminished in some diseases (atherosclerosis, diabetes, coronary artery disease) and after cardiosurgery operations. But there is no information about changes in PON1 activity after abdominal operations. THE AIM: Of this study was the assessment of PON1 serum activity after the abdominal operations in women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 women operated in the 1st Department of Gynaecology of Lublin Medical University were studied, including 34 patients after total abdominal hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy and 6 patients after myomectomy or cyst enucleation. The blood to experiments was collected before operation, and 8 and 24 hours after. PON1 serum activity was assessed spectrophotometrically toward two synthetic substrates: paraoxon and phenyl acetate. RESULTS: PON1 activity toward paraoxon before operation was 146.8 +/- 17.3 U/ml, and after 8 and 24 hours after 107.6 +/- 11.9 U/ml and 119.9 +/- 16.9 U/ml, respectively (results statistically significant). PON1 activity toward phenyl acetate (arylesterase activity) before operation was 182.7 +/- 16.4 U/ml and did not significantly changed after the surgery. CONCLUSION: It is observed decreased PON1 serum activity in the early postoperative period after abdominal operations in women, what can be connected with the utilisation of PON1 in antioxidative defence mechanism.     

The excision of uterine fibroids by vaginal myomectomy: a prospective study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of the excision of uterine fibroids by vaginal myomectomy. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: A gynecology department of a university teaching hospital. PATIENT(S): Women with menorrhagia, pelvic pain, symptoms of pressure, or subfertility attributable to moderate-sized uterine fibroids who otherwise would have required abdominal or laparoscopic myomectomy. INTERVENTION(S): Vaginal myomectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The feasibility of vaginal surgery, operative complications, postoperative recovery, and relief of symptoms. RESULT(S): Myomectomy was completed vaginally in 32 (91.4%) of 35 patients and none required hysterectomy. The overall operating time was 78 minutes, the estimated operative blood loss was 313 mL, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 4 days. Pelvic hematomas developed in 4 patients, and one colpotomy required resuture. Seventy-four percent of the women reported relief of their symptoms at 3 months' follow-up. Three patients have had full-term pregnancies since the operation. CONCLUSION(S): Myomectomy can be performed by the vaginal route in selected cases with low morbidity and a good short-term success rate. Unlike open myomectomy, it requires no skin incision, and unlike laparoscopic myomectomy, it can be used in patients who have numerous, relatively large, and intramural fibroids.     

Laparoscopic myomectomy: enucleation of the myoma by morcellation while it is attached to the uterus

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility, blood loss, length of surgery, mean hospital stay, and complications of enucleation of a myoma by morcellation while it is still attached to the uterus and to compare the technique with the standard technique of laparoscopic myomectomy. DESIGN: Randomized study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: Private endoscopy center. PATIENTS: Forty-four patients with symptomatic myomas confirmed by ultrasound examination were included in the study from January 2000 through December 2001 and were randomized into two groups-A and B. The inclusion criteria were the presence of a uterus larger than 12 weeks (on bimanual examination), ultrasound confirmation of the presence of at least one myoma 7 cm or greater in size, and/or presence of three or more myomas greater than 5 cm in size. INTERVENTION: The technique of laparoscopic myomectomy by enucleation of a myoma by morcellation while it is still attached to the uterus was performed in all patients in Group A. The patients in Group B underwent laparoscopic myomectomy by the conventional technique of complete enucleation of the myoma followed by morcellation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Forty-nine myomas were removed in group A and 35 in group B. The mean weight of the myomas removed in each patient was 600.5 +/- 369.1 g in group A (95% CI 452.83-748.17 g) and 584.2 +/- 411.1 g in group B (95% CI 404.05-764.45 g) (p = .706). The mean blood loss was 283.9 +/- 229.3 mL in group A (95% CI 192.20-375.72 mL) and 218.5 +/- 110.7 mL in group B (95% CI 169.96-267.04 mL) (p = .739), the mean hospital stay was 37.91 +/- 5.44 hours in group A (95% CI 35.74-40.10 hours) and 39.5 +/- 3.634 hours in group B (95% CI 37.91-41.09 hours) (p = .236). The mean length of surgery was significantly shorter in group A (97.7 +/- 27.06 min, 95% CI 86.88-108.54 minutes) as compared with that in group B (123 +/- 38.8 min 95% CI 106.93-140.57 minutes), (p = .013). CONCLUSION: Preliminary results suggest that laparoscopic myomectomy employing the technique of enucleation of a myoma by morcellation while it is still attached to the uterus is safe and efficient. It helps to overcome certain technical difficulties inherent in the standard technique of laparoscopic myomectomy. It may help to relax the inclusion criteria of patients with myoma for laparoscopic myomectomy based on the size of the myoma.     

Laparoscopic myomectomy: technique, complications, and ultrasound scan evaluations

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility, limits, and complications of laparoscopic myomectomy, assess time to full recovery, and evaluate uterine wound healing by ultrasound in the early postoperative period. DESIGN: Prospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: General hospital. PATIENTS: Three hundred sixty-eight women undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy. INTERVENTION: Laparoscopic myomectomy and laparoscopic and/or hysteroscopic treatment of associated pathologies. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In these women 768 myomas were removed laparoscopically. Mean operating time was 100.78 +/- 43.83 minutes, mean decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit were 1.38 +/- 0.93 g/100 ml and 4.8 +/- 2.9 g/100 ml, respectively, and mean length of hospital stay was 2.89 +/- 1.3 days. Intraoperative complications occurred in 12 patients (3.34%) and intraoperative transfusion of autologous blood was required in 10. Main postoperative complications were continuing hemorrhage requiring blood transfusion in three women and second laparoscopy in two. Pyrexia occurred in 12 patients. Average time to full recovery was 10.58 +/- 6.68 days. At 1-month follow-up 12 of 282 women developed further complications: abdominal pain 5, vaginitis 4, metrorrhagia 2, and dysuria 1. Sonographic evaluation of the uterine scar showed a highly echogenic area with ill-defined margins. In 81 women who had sonographic evaluation 30 days postoperatively, the uterine scar was reduced by an average of 44.1% (p <0.001). Of 176 patients screened at day 30, 6 (3.4%) had anechoic areas adjacent to the uterine scar, possibly due to hematoma. A previously unknown myoma, two ovarian cysts, and two pelvic hematoma were also discovered. CONCLUSION:. Laparoscopic myomectomy is effective and relatively safe. In skilled hands it has a low risk of complications and appears to be a valid alternative to the open procedure. Sonographic assessment allows detection of alterations in muscular echotexture, but its effectiveness in identifying women at risk of uterine rupture or dehiscence has to be proved.     

Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal myomectomy

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combined laparoscopic and vaginal approach in dealing with uterine myomas. DESIGN: Retrospective case study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: Tertiary care major teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Thirty-one women with symptomatic fundal and/or posterior wall uterine myomas. INTERVENTION: Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal myomectomy performed by one of the authors from July 1996 to December 1998. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Mean +/- SD operating time, blood loss, and length of hospital stay were 79.19+/-18.31 minutes, 150.00+/- 103.28 ml, and 3.10+/-0.75 days, respectively. No patients developed serious complications, and only two minor complications occurred. CONCLUSION: After laparoscopic inspection and location of uterine myomas, dealing with posterior and fundal uterine myomas by the vaginal route makes hemostasis and uterine repair easier than by purely laparoscopic approach.