Effect of lubrication of frictional properties of sutures

The results of this study have provided an insight into the behavior of sutures in the environment of fluids. It has been shown that friction could both increase or decrease with lubrication, depending upon the nature of the application. In tests on straight sutures, lubricants have generally led to an increase in friction. This was found in the present investigation as well as in another study which measured friction in sutures soaked in serum. These results are explained on the basis that higher friction is expected to arise if the lubricant formed a multilayer film between the sliding surfaces. In this instance, the resistance to shear flow by the lubricant becomes the governing factor. On the other hand, if only a small amount of lubricant, such as a monolayer film, is present between surfaces, as expected within the structure of a snugged surgical knot, the lubricant may play the role of decreasing adhesion and, thus, friction.     

Comparison of five methods of assessment of intestinal viability

A strain gauge device called the electronic contractility meter (ECM) was designed to measure quantitatively intestinal ischemic damage by delivering electrical stimuli to the intestine. Threshold stimulus level (TSL) was the minimum stimulus in milliamps necessary to produce a smooth muscle contractile response. TSL scale ranged from zero to 100 milliamps. Resection and anastomosis in ischemic intestinal segments was carried out in 30 dogs to compare TSL, intestinal color, peristalsis, Doppler ultrasound and resection margin histology with survival. There were five fatal anastomotic leaks, all resulting from intestinal necrosis. Doppler pulse in the marginal artery (MA) was absent at four of the five anastomoses that leaked versus eight of the 25 that healed (p less than or equal to 0.01). Mean TSL at the resection site was 38 +/- 7 milliamps in surviving dogs versus 51 +/- 4 milliamps in nonsurvivors (p less than or equal to 0.001). Mean TSL of normal intestine was 22 +/- 2 milliamps. Both TSL and Doppler ultrasound also correlated with resection margin histology (p less than or equal to 0.02 and p less than or equal to 0.005, respectively). Presence of peristalsis did not correlate with histologic grade or survival rate. Intestinal color correlated with resection margin histology (p less than or equal to 0.001) but not survival. The ECM and Doppler ultrasound were both superior to gross visual assessment in predicting intestinal survival. The ECM quantitatively measures tissue damage, a potential advantage over Doppler ultrasound, which provides only an estimate of local arterial blood flow.     

Comparison of various methods of cryopreservation of human pre-embryos

A human egg and embryo freezing program for non-fertilized eggs and spare embryos has been established in our in vitro fertilization clinic. In the following we report on our first experience with different methods of human pre-embryo cryopreservation. In a simple evaluation we have compared different conventional freezing techniques using cryoprotectant substances such as glycerol, DMSO and 1.2 propanediol and an "ultrarapid" technique. So far we have achieved 6 normal ongoing and 2 biochemical pregnancies out of a total number of 61 embryo transfers. This equals 9.8% pregnancy rate per embryo transfer. Two methods seem preferable, i.e. sucrose and 1.2 propandiol which has the highest success rate and the ultrarapid method which gives a good rate of embryo survival on the one hand and a simple handling on the other.     

454例足月妊娠胎膜早破妊娠结局的临床分析

目的:探讨胎膜早破与分娩方式及围产儿不良结局的关系,为临床围产期保健和并发症防治提供参考。方法:对2005年1月至2008年12月在我院住院分娩的454例足月妊娠无骨盆异常胎膜早破的病例进行回顾性分析。结果:胎膜早破占同期分娩总数的11.76%,无骨盆异常,其难产率为46.47%,剖宫产率为33.7%,新生儿窒息率10.79%,新生儿肺炎发生率1.54%,明显高于对照组。结论:胎膜早破与难产互为因果关系,及时终止妊娠,以改善新生儿预后,减少母婴并发症。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变25例临床分析

目的 探讨卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变的临床表现、病理特征、治疗方法和预后。方法 回顾性分析２５例卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变患者和病量资料。结果 卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变患者的主要症状为盆腔包块、腹胀、腹痛、异常阴道流血和流液。病理类型为子宫内膜样癌１４例,透明细胞癌２例,腺棘癌２例,浆液性腺癌１例,混合性卵巢上皮性癌６例,镜下均可见良性的异位子宫内膜向恶性移行的证据。临床分期为Ⅰ１４例,Ⅱ期７例,Ⅲ期３例,Ⅳ期１例。治疗方法均采用肿瘤细胞减灭术＋化学治疗。患者５年生存率达７７．７％。结论 卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变的确切发生率难以估计,该病的治疗以肿瘤细胞减灭术＋化学治疗为主。