弥漫性子宫平滑肌瘤病合并不孕治疗方式及妊娠结局分析

目的探讨弥漫性子宫平滑肌瘤病(DUL)合并不孕患者的治疗方式及妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2017年1月就诊于北京大学第三医院的14例DUL合并不孕患者的治疗过程。记录患者的一般资料、治疗方法、术后临床症状改善情况、是否发生宫腔粘连以及妊娠结局。结果 14例合并DUL的不孕患者中,8例患者只实施宫腔镜手术,其中1例发生Ⅰ度宫腔粘连,5例获得临床妊娠,4例活产分娩;5例患者实施经腹手术,其中1例发生Ⅱ度宫腔粘连,1例发生V度宫腔粘连,2例获得临床妊娠,1例活产分娩;1例先后行经腹手术及宫腔镜手术的患者因子宫内膜薄尚未妊娠。8例患者手术联合促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(Gn RH-a)治疗。9例患者行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)助孕。结论对于有生育要求的DUL患者,手术联合GnRH-a治疗后尽快行IVF-ET助孕可作为一个治疗选择;宫腔镜手术对子宫肌层损伤较小,可能对减少宫腔粘连形成及改善生育力有一定优势。     

宫腔镜下宫腔粘连分离术后行体外受精-胚胎移植的妊娠结局及影响因素

目的:分析不孕症合并宫腔粘连(IUA)患者在宫腔镜下行宫腔粘连分离术(TCRA)后行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)的妊娠结局及相关影响因素。方法:选择2016年3月至2017年8月就诊于湖北医药学院附属人民医院生殖医学中心行宫腔镜检查的不孕患者,行IVF-ET助孕治疗的临床资料及妊娠结局,根据宫腔情况分为对照组:正常宫腔形态行IVF-ET助孕患者425例;IUA组:IUA经TCRA治疗后行IVF-ET助孕患者119例。比较两组患者一般资料及妊娠结局,分析影响术后妊娠的相关因素。结果:IUA组的临床妊娠率、活产率较低,流产率较高,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。根据年龄、BMI、流产次数、粘连程度分组比较,临床妊娠率差异有统计学意义(P0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示:年龄(≥35岁)、流产次数(≥3次)、粘连程度(中、重度)及BMI(≥24 kg/m~2)是影响TCRA术后妊娠结局的独立危险因素。结论:不孕症合并IUA患者,TCRA术后行IVF-ET助孕治疗的临床妊娠率接近于正常宫腔形态患者,年龄、粘连程度、流产次数及BMI是影响术后妊娠结局的主要因素。     

50例结核性宫腔粘连手术效果及妊娠结局分析

目的:回顾性分析50例结核性宫腔粘连患者经宫腔镜下粘连分离术后宫腔形态、月经恢复情况及生育结局。方法:选取2007年1月至2016年6月就诊于中南大学湘雅三医院妇科的50例结核性宫腔粘连患者,患者均予规范抗结核治疗6~9月后行宫腔粘连分离术,观察患者术后经量、宫腔形态及生育结局。采用Logistic回归对术后经量及宫腔形态恢复情况进行相关影响因素分析。采用四格表Fisher确切概率法分析术后经量及宫腔形态与妊娠的相关性。结果:50例患者中20例恢复正常月经,26例宫腔形态恢复至正常或接近正常。IVF-ET术后6例妊娠,其中2例早期流产,4例成功分娩获得活产儿。Logistic回归分析显示,抗结核治疗后的经量影响患者最终经量的恢复(P0.05);宫腔粘连程度及抗结核治疗后经量共同影响宫腔形态恢复(P0.05)。经量恢复正常的患者妊娠率(6/19,31.6%)明显高于经量未恢复正常的患者(0%)(P0.05);宫腔形态恢复正常的患者妊娠率(6/25,24%)明显高于宫腔形态未恢复正常的患者(0%)(P0.05)。结论:结核性宫腔粘连患者粘连分离术后经量及宫腔形态恢复欠佳,生育结局差。宫腔粘连分离术能给部分患者带来生育希望,但结核的预防及早期治疗才能减少甚至避免不孕及后续手术治疗。     

以宫腔镜手术为主的综合治疗在宫腔粘连性不孕中的应用

目的:探讨以宫腔镜手术为主的综合治疗在宫腔粘连性不孕中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析67例宫腔粘连患者的治疗效果,均经宫腔镜下机械性粘连分离术及输卵管间质部插管通液术,术后宫腔放置宫内节育器及雌、孕激素周期治疗。结果:67例宫腔粘连中轻度粘连24例,中度粘连25例,重度粘连18例。46例1次手术成功重建宫腔,21例2次手术。术后88.1%宫腔形态正常,79.1%月经恢复正常,输卵管通畅率72.1%。术后妊娠率50.7%,活产率85.3%。无手术并发症。结论:宫腔镜对于不同程度宫腔粘连的宫腔重建微创、有效。术中注意保护子宫内膜;疏通阻塞的输卵管对提高妊娠率至关重要。     

体外受精-胚胎移植术后宫内合并宫外妊娠5例临床分析

目的探讨体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）术后宫内合并宫外妊娠的发病因素和临床特征。方法对2009年1月至2014年4月IVF-ET术后5例宫内合并宫外妊娠患者的受孕方式、临床症状、辅助检查、治疗方法及妊娠结局进行回顾性分析。结果 5例患者中,IVF-ET术后第12~14天测尿或血β-hCG及阴道超声确定宫内合并宫外妊娠,其中腹痛4例,阴道出血4例,晕厥、休克1例。1例合并宫角妊娠,4例合并输卵管妊娠。输卵管切除5例,部分宫角切除1例。术后阴道出血或腹痛明显改善后定期产前检查,现2例已足月分娩,2例继续妊娠中,1例术后第1天宫内妊娠自然流产。结论 B超检查可及早发现宫内合并宫外妊娠,手术为其首选,早诊断、早治疗患者预后良好。     

宫腔镜检查IVF-ET不同妊娠结局的宫腔情况比较和再次妊娠结局分析

目的:观察体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)不同妊娠结局的宫腔情况以及对异常宫腔患者治疗后的再妊娠情况.方法:回顾性分析行宫腔镜检查的582例IVF-ET病例,A组IVF-ET周期前常规宫腔镜检查223例,B组ET后发生异位妊娠18例,C组1次或多次ET未孕225例,D组ET后早期自然流产116例,B、C、D组不良妊娠结局发生后均做宫腔镜检查.比较4组宫腔镜检查的结果,并对发现宫腔异常者进行相应的治疗,观察治疗后的IVF-ET妊娠结局.结果:A组宫腔镜检查宫腔异常率低于B、C、D组(P＜0.05),D组中宫腔粘连发生率显著高于A、B、C组(P＜0.01).异常宫腔经治疗后妊娠率46.45％,异位妊娠率3.53％,早孕自然流产率12.94％.结论:对于IVF-ET助孕发生不良妊娠结局的患者,应将宫腔镜检查列为IVF-ET前的常规检查,以提高重复周期的临床妊娠率和着床率,进而提高活胎分娩率.     

体外受精-胚胎移植后宫内妊娠合并子宫瘢痕妊娠一例

报道1例体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)后宫内妊娠合并子宫瘢痕妊娠(CSP)的病例。该患者取卵3枚,成功配成3枚胚胎,移植胚胎3枚,成功着床2枚,但1枚在宫内正常位置上,1枚着床在前次剖宫产切口上。该患者对瘢痕处的妊娠囊行减胎术后,因持续不规则阴道出血来医院就诊,妇科超声检查提示,宫腔内可见2个胎囊,其一可见胎芽,胎心(+),其二位于前次剖宫产切口处,仅见胎囊,其内未见卵黄囊及胎芽,形态不规则。最终行经腹宫腔内胎盘胎儿清除术+CSP病灶切除术+剖宫产瘢痕憩室修补术,终止妊娠。报道此特殊病例,将CSP的超声和磁共振成像(MRI)诊断技术的优缺点进行比较,并对CSP的治疗和预防提出一些思考。     

冷刀分离宫腔粘连术后妊娠结局相关因素分析

目的:探讨冷刀分离宫腔粘连术后影响妊娠结局的相关因素。方法:回顾分析158例行冷刀分离宫腔粘连术患者的临床资料,对可能影响妊娠结局的相关因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析,包括年龄、病程、宫腔操作次数、术前月经、术后月经、是否曾电切、粘连范围、粘连类型、粘连程度、防粘连措施、再粘连与否。结果:158例患者行冷刀分离粘连后,月经改善率80.3%,总妊娠率为60.1%,活产率为55.8%。病程、术后月经、粘连范围、粘连类型、粘连程度、再粘连与妊娠结局有关(P0.05),年龄、宫腔操作次数、术前月经、曾电切、防粘连装置与妊娠结局无关(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,再粘连是影响妊娠结局的独立危险因素。结论:冷刀作为一种对子宫内膜和宫腔环境损伤小的手术方式,可能成为有生育要求的宫腔粘连患者的首要选择。病程、术后月经、粘连范围、粘连类型、粘连程度、再粘连是影响冷刀分离粘连术后妊娠结局的主要因素。     

宫内合并宫角/输卵管间质部妊娠的手术治疗

目的:探讨宫内合并宫角/输卵管间质部妊娠手术治疗的安全性、有效性及妊娠结局。方法:收集2010年1月至2014年12月广东省妇幼保健院收治的5例宫内合并宫角/输卵管间质部妊娠患者的手术治疗信息,并随访妊娠结局。结果:5例患者中行开腹手术3例,腹腔镜手术2例;宫角楔形切除术2例,宫角切开取胚术3例,均无术后并发症发生。5例患者孕期无严重并发症发生,均活产,新生儿预后良好。结论:宫内合并宫角/输卵管间质部妊娠的手术治疗安全有效,产科结局良好。     

子宫动脉栓塞后宫腔粘连生殖预后分析——附26例报告

目的：探讨子宫动脉栓塞（uterine artery embolization,UAE）后宫腔粘连患者的生殖预后。方法：2008年5月—2014年3月首都医科大学附属复兴医院宫腔镜中心行宫腔镜下宫腔粘连分离术治疗UAE后患者26例,分析宫腔粘连分离术后美国生育学会（American Fertility Society,AFS）评分、月经恢复情况以及生殖预后。结果：仅38.5%（10/26）的患者术后月经较术前有改善;88.5%（23/26）的患者术后AFS评分较术前降低;26例患者中有2例自然妊娠,妊娠率7.7%,其中1例最终以妊娠早期胚胎停育而终止妊娠,另1例目前妊娠早期先兆流产,无1例活产。结论：UAE术后宫腔粘连的患者宫腔粘连分离术后生殖预后差,其原因可能与UAE后子宫血管灌注不良影响术后内膜再生有关。     

Influence of spontaneous fetal reduction on dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy outcomes after in vitro fertilization: a large-sample retrospective study

Objective: To examine the incidence of spontaneous fetal reduction during dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and its influence on pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 4447 DCDA twin pregnancies and 14,551 singleton pregnancies after IVF-ET at a single center between 2009 and 2015. The spontaneous pregnancy reduction (SPR) group included 759 women. The remaining 3688 women with DCDA twins showing no spontaneous reduction were included in the non-SPR group. Outcomes were compared to a singleton group (n?=?14,551) treated over the same period. The overall rate of spontaneous reduction and frequency distribution across gestational epochs were determined and pregnancy outcomes were compared among the three groups. Further regression analysis was conducted to investigate whether spontaneous reduction was an independent risk factor for decreased take-home baby rate.

Results: The overall rate of spontaneous DCDA twin reduction after IVF-ET was 17.1%, with most cases (89.8%) occurring in the first trimester. Pregnancy outcome measures, including miscarriage rate, premature delivery rate, live birth rate, take-home baby rate, gestational age of delivery, and neonatal birth weight, were significantly better in the SPR group than the non-SPR group. Live birth rate, take-home baby rate, neonatal birth weight, and other primary outcome measures in the SPR group were not inferior to the singleton group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the take-home baby rate was significantly lower in the non-SPR group (OR =0.73, 95%CI: 0.44–0.92, p?=?.008) and that SPR did not decrease the take-home baby rate.

Conclusions: Spontaneous pregnancy reduction is common in DCDA twin pregnancy after IVF-ET, but has little adverse influence on pregnancy outcomes and does not reduce the probability of taking home live babies.     

Heterotopic pregnancy following IVF-ET: successful treatment with salpingostomy under spinal anesthesia and continuation of intrauterine twin pregnancy

The extended use of assisted reproductive technologies is increasing the heterotopic pregnancies, leading to a potentially dangerous condition for the intrauterine pregnancy and the mother. We report a case of unruptured heterotopic pregnancy following IVF-ET at 6 weeks of gestation and the patient was treated with salpingostomy under spinal anesthesia. The intrauterine twin pregnancy course was uneventful with the delivery of healthy babies at 34th week by Cesarean section.     

Heterotopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

We have presented a second case of heterotopic pregnancy after IVF-ET. The most likely cause is direct extrusion of embryos through the tubal ostia by the hydrostatic pressure associated with ET. The diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy must be suspected clinically and not ruled out on the sonographic demonstration of an intrauterine pregnancy. Early diagnosis is essential for the prevention of significant maternal morbidity and mortality after IVF-ET.     

Concurrent intrauterine and ovarian pregnancy: a case report

A case of concurrent intrauterine and advanced ovarian pregnancy is reported. The condition was discovered after spontaneous vaginal delivery of the intrauterine baby. Laparotomy was performed on the day after delivery of the first baby and only then was ovarian pregnancy diagnosed and later confirmed histologically; a macerated fetus was excised from the ovarian mass at laparotomy. The intrauterine baby was discharged alive along with the mother 12 days after the operation.     

Live birth of a normal healthy baby after a frozen embryo transfer with blastocysts that were frozen and thawed twice

OBJECTIVE: To report the birth of a normal healthy baby after a frozen ET (FET) with blastocysts that were frozen and thawed twice. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Private infertility practice. PATIENT(S): A 26-year-old female who presented with male factor infertility and polycystic ovarian disease. INTERVENTION(S): One cycle of IVF-ET and FET no. 1 followed by the refreezing of blastocysts and FET no. 2. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical pregnancy and live birth. RESULT(S): Thirty-six months after a successful IVF-ET cycle, FET no. 1 was performed with eight frozen blastocysts that were thawed. One blastocyst was transferred to the uterus and four were refrozen. The first FET resulted in a singleton pregnancy that ended in a spontaneous abortion after 7 weeks' gestation. Six months later, FET no. 2 was performed. All four refrozen blastocysts were thawed and transferred to the uterus. The second FET resulted in a singleton pregnancy and the birth of a normal healthy baby (male) weighing 3,005 g after 38 weeks' gestation. CONCLUSION(S): Human blastocysts can be refrozen/thawed and produce a normal healthy baby after an FET. Further studies will be required to determine survival, implantation, and live birth rates with refrozen/thawed human blastocysts.     

Rare presentation of ectopic pregnancy following IVF-ET: live twin gestation in the same fallopian tube

We report a case of a twin ectopic pregnancy (EP) after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). A 24-year-old nulligravida presented with lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding 4 weeks after embryo transfer. Serum β-HCG levels were 40 IU/mL, 90 IU/mL, and 1970 IU/mL on ET days 12, 14, and 23, respectively. Ultrasound examination revealed two ectopic gestational sacs with fetal heart beats in the left adnexa, without evidence of intrauterine pregnancy. At laparoscopy, one isthmic and another ampullary sac were detected in the left tube and left salpingectomy was performed. The patient was discharged healthy on postoperative day 2. Albeit extremely rare, ectopic pregnancies with abnormal presentation can be encountered following IVF-ET. Single embryo transfer may be advised to protect from ectopic pregnancies after IVF-ET.     

Survival of the cornual pregnancy in a heterotopic gestation after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

We present a case of combined intrauterine and cornual (interstitial) pregnancy after IVF-ET, with survival of the infant after the cornual pregnancy. The diagnosis of this rare phenomenon is difficult; a high index of suspicion and frequently ultrasound monitoring may enable early diagnosis in other forms of heterotopic pregnancy. Although the benefits of IVF-ET far outweight the risks of ectopic pregnancy, it is imperative that physicians who care for these patients be fully aware of the possibility of such a complication in this high-risk population.     

单角子宫IVF-ET助孕双胎妊娠分娩:1例病例报道

目的:报道1例单角子宫患者行IVF-ET助孕双胎妊娠成功分娩活产的病案。方法:对本院接受IVF-ET助孕的1例原发性不孕单角子宫患者进行回顾性总结与分析。结果:采用GnRHa长方案控制性超促排卵(COH),获优质胚胎13枚,移植8cⅡ级胚胎2枚,宫内双胎妊娠因严重子痫前期于34+3周行剖宫产,早产2名健康活婴。结论:对子宫肌层厚度及宫腔容积正常的单角子宫不孕患者行IVF-ET助孕治疗是可行的。但应尽量避免多胎妊娠,减少流产、早产等并发症的发生,争取良好的妊娠结局。     

Ovarian pregnancy with delivery of a live baby.

A case of a primary ovarian pregnancy culminating in abdominal delivery of a live baby is presented. The absolute necessity of endometrial tissue for development of the fertilized ovum is discussed. Although in advanced ovarian pregnancy there is no profound difference from normal intrauterine gestation, it may mask the presence of an abruptio placentae.     

Heterotopic cervical pregnancy successfully treated with transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration and cervical-stay sutures

OBJECTIVE: To present a case of a heterotopic cervical pregnancy successfully treated with transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration and cervical-stay sutures. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Tertiary academic IVF program. PATIENT(S): A 35-year-old woman who conceived from IVF-ET treatment at 5.5 weeks of gestation. INTERVENTION(S): Transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of the cervical pregnancy followed by cervical-stay sutures to control hemorrhage after aspiration. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Recovery of the patient, preservation of the intrauterine pregnancy, and sequelae. RESULTS(S): The cervical pregnancy was successfully aborted, and the intrauterine pregnancy progressed to term. CONCLUSION(S): Transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration in combination with hemostatic cervical-stay sutures can be safely used to manage heterotopic cervical pregnancies.