454例足月妊娠胎膜早破妊娠结局的临床分析

目的:探讨胎膜早破与分娩方式及围产儿不良结局的关系,为临床围产期保健和并发症防治提供参考。方法:对2005年1月至2008年12月在我院住院分娩的454例足月妊娠无骨盆异常胎膜早破的病例进行回顾性分析。结果:胎膜早破占同期分娩总数的11.76%,无骨盆异常,其难产率为46.47%,剖宫产率为33.7%,新生儿窒息率10.79%,新生儿肺炎发生率1.54%,明显高于对照组。结论:胎膜早破与难产互为因果关系,及时终止妊娠,以改善新生儿预后,减少母婴并发症。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变25例临床分析

目的 探讨卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变的临床表现、病理特征、治疗方法和预后。方法 回顾性分析２５例卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变患者和病量资料。结果 卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变患者的主要症状为盆腔包块、腹胀、腹痛、异常阴道流血和流液。病理类型为子宫内膜样癌１４例,透明细胞癌２例,腺棘癌２例,浆液性腺癌１例,混合性卵巢上皮性癌６例,镜下均可见良性的异位子宫内膜向恶性移行的证据。临床分期为Ⅰ１４例,Ⅱ期７例,Ⅲ期３例,Ⅳ期１例。治疗方法均采用肿瘤细胞减灭术＋化学治疗。患者５年生存率达７７．７％。结论 卵巢子宫内膜异位症恶性变的确切发生率难以估计,该病的治疗以肿瘤细胞减灭术＋化学治疗为主。     

宫颈评分监测氯菧酚胺诱发排卵的评价

本文分析33例无排卵患者应用氯菧酚胺治疗76周期中宫项评分(CS)与BBT、卵泡发育及激素参数的关系。19个周期无排卵反应,CS波动,但宫项粘液透明性状不变。57个周期有排卵反应,其中32周期停药后CS渐进增高,最高宫颈评分MCS≥8,卵泡发育好,LH峰后24h内排卵;22周期MCS<8,LH峰后卵泡不消失,形成LUF,激素测定提示停药后睾酮水平明显升高;另三个周期资料不全。结果提示停药后未见药物在宫颈水平的抗雌素效应;睾酮升高可能干扰CS并导致LUF。     

妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症1241例发病特点分析

目的探讨妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)的发病特点。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,对我院1991年1月至2000年12月收治的1241例ICP患者的临床资料进行回顾性系统分析。结果1241例ICP患者中,多胎妊娠44例(3．5％),合并妊娠高血压综合征(妊高征)。101例(8．1％);。126例经产妇中,38例(30．2％)为ICP复发;有发病时间记录的1230例患者的平均发病孕周为32．6周,孕晚期发病有1100例(88．6％);1201例(96．8％)以皮肤瘙痒为首发症状,也有以黄疸(8例,占0．6％)、肝功能异常(28例,占2．3％)等为起始表现者;生化指标中主要以血清总胆汁酸(TBA)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)升高为主,但大多为轻、中度升高;也有患者TBA、ALT或AST正常(分别占17．7％、15．6％、17．1％),少数患者(35例,3．2％)白蛋白／球蛋白比值倒置。结论 (1)ICP具有复发性,多胎妊娠孕妇更易发病,瘙痒常是ICP显著而且首发的症状,TBA和肝脏转氨酶升高有助于该病的诊断。(2)少数患者发病时临床表现及实验室检查结果均不典型,对此要引起警惕。     

早产儿视网膜病107例临床特点及预后分析

摘要：目的　评价早产儿视网膜病（ROP）临床特点及远期治疗效果。方法　回顾性分析2004-01-01—2009-07-31复旦大学附属儿科医院新生儿科收治的107例ROP患儿临床资料、ROP分期、治疗情况及远期预后。结果　1期和2期ROP共64例,6例2期病变达Ⅰ型阈值前病变而采用激光治疗,其他均未进行特殊治疗;除失访和死亡病例外,所有随访病例ROP病变均消退,远期视力不受影响。3期病变15例,其中14例达阈值病变者给予激光或冷凝治疗,1例未达阈值病变者不需要治疗。有完整随访资料的11例患儿中3例术后视力严重受损,仅存在光感,其余8例视力正常。4期和5期ROP共28例,随访的18例患儿中,仅1例手术后保存了正常视力（占5.6％）,失明者达12例（占66.7％）,其余5例虽保存视力,但视力极差,仅存光感（占27.7％）。结论　ROP防治关键在于预防ROP发生,当出现ROP早期病变时应严格筛查和及时干预,一旦疾病进入晚期,出现视网膜脱离时再治疗,则治疗效果不佳。     

双胎之一胎儿宫内死亡原因及处理19例临床分析

目的 :探讨双胎妊娠中一个胎儿宫内死亡的原因及处理。方法 :回顾性分析 1995～ 2 0 0 0年我院收治的 19例双胎之一胎儿宫内死亡的原因及妊娠结局。结果 :5例 <2 8周者 4例放弃胎儿作引产术 ,1例孕 2 6周及 7例 2 8～ 34周从确诊一个胎儿死亡后继续保胎到存活儿分娩 ,平均延长 6周 ,5例 >34周者确诊后随即行剖宫产 ,此 13例新生儿均存活。另 2例足月但未及时处理 ,活胎死亡。死亡主要原因 :脐带因素 2例、帆状胎盘 3例 ,胎儿畸形 2例 ,原因不明 12例。妊娠并发症比例较高占 6 3.16 %。结论 :孕周 <2 8周者一般作终止妊娠处理 ;妊娠 2 8～ 34周存活的胎儿继续妊娠到孕 34周预后良好 ;对孕 34周以后发现的应及时终止妊娠抢救存活儿     

胎膜早破162例临床分析

目的探讨胎膜早破与难产及母儿并发症的关系.方法对829例无妊娠合并症及并发症的产妇资料进行回顾性分析,其中胎膜早破病例162例,胎膜未破病例682例作为对照组.结果胎膜早破组的剖宫产率、早产率、新生儿窒息及肺炎发病率均较对照组显著升高,母亲产褥病率两组间无差异.破膜距妊娠结束时间及早产与新生儿窒息及肺炎关系密切.结论胎膜早破与难产互为因果关系.对不同孕周胎膜早破患者应采取不同治疗方案,以尽可能减少母儿并发症.     

卵巢癌脑转移2例临床分析

统计443例卵巢癌患者中2例卵巢癌脑转移患者的临床资料,包括患者的一般资料、卵巢癌脑转移前后的治疗方式、卵巢癌脑转移后生存时间等。文献报道卵巢癌脑转移发病率为0.29%～12%,笔者统计为0.5%,年龄及治疗措施是影响预后的最重要因素。本文中2例患者,1例患者卵巢癌脑转移后采取多模式综合治疗,脑转移后生存期已30个月余;另1例卵巢癌患者确诊年龄＜50岁,脑转移确诊时60岁,两者确诊时间间隔13年,佐证了近年来文献中对影响卵巢癌脑转移发病率及预后因素的报道,手术结合放化疗的多模式综合治疗可有效缓解卵巢癌脑转移症状,延长生存期。雄激素受体表达情况、乳腺癌易感基因（BRCA）突变有望成为卵巢癌脑转移标志性事件。     

阴道平滑肌瘤25例临床分析

目的 探讨阴道平滑肌瘤的组织来源、临床特点和治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析1988年1月-1999年1月在我院住院手术并经病理检查证实的阴道平滑肌瘤25例。结果 阴道平滑肌瘤多高产田单雪,生长缓慢,症状与肿瘤的大小及部位有关,可复发及恶性变。治疗方式为阴道平滑肌瘤剔除术,结论 阴道平滑肌瘤临床少见,一旦发现,均应及时手术治疗,以免肌瘤增大产生症状甚至恶性变。     

Comparison of the Effect on the Ovarian Reserve of Modern Methods of Treatment of Endometrioid Cysts

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in laparoscopy and transvaginal sclerotherapy for the treatment of endometrioid cysts for maintaining ovarian reserve.MethodsThe study included 71 women under age 35 years with primary and secondary infertility. Twenty women underwent sclerotherapy of endometrioid cysts followed by autologous PRP injection into ovarian tissue, and 21 underwent laparoscopic cyst removal by stripping followed by autologous PRP injection. The control group consisted of 30 women who underwent laparoscopic cystectomy by stripping without autologous PRP injection. We assessed ovarian reserve for all patients before surgery as well 3 and 6 months after surgery by measuring serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and calculating antral follicle count using ultrasound.ResultsIn the control group, AMH levels had decreased significantly at 3 and 6 months post-surgery, whereas levels in laparoscopy and PRP group remained almost unchanged from initial levels. In the sclerotherapy group, we observed a tendency towards increased AMH levels, but it was not statistically significant when compared with initial results. Follicle count changes were similar to AMH patterns.ConclusionIn this study, sclerotherapy in combination with PRP therapy for ovarian endometriomas was associated with improved measures of ovarian reserve, and the combination of laparoscopic excision of the endometrioma with PRP therapy facilitated ovarian reserve preservation.     

不同表型肌营养不良症患者抗肌营养不良蛋白基因缺失类型的研究

目的探讨我国东北地区杜氏型肌营养不良症（DMD）及贝克型肌营养不良症（BMD）患者抗肌营养不良蛋白基因缺失类型分布与表型的关系,并用于产前基因诊断。方法采用多重PCR法检测124例来自东北地区的DMD（106例）及BMD（18例）男性患者的抗肌营养不良蛋白基因缺失情况,并对30例高危胎儿行产前抗肌营养不良蛋白基因缺失检测。结果124例患者中,抗肌营养不良蛋白基因缺失检出率为49％（61／124）,其中41例（41／61,67％）缺失分布于外显子45—53,13例（13／61,21％）缺失分布于外显子8—19,5例（5／61,8％）在上述两个外显子缺失区内均有缺失,2例（2／61,3％）缺失分布于外显子34和43;缺失型患者中有9例发生整码缺失（为BMD患者）,49例发生移码突变（为DMD患者）。30例高危胎儿中,17例为男性胎儿,其中10例为抗肌营养不良蛋白基因缺失型,缺失位点与先证者相同;13例为女性胎儿,无一例抗肌营养不良蛋白基因缺失。结论DMD及BMD患者抗肌营养不良蛋白基因缺失主要分布于两个区域,外显子8附近区域可能是东北地区该基因缺失高发区;缺失类型与临床表型有一定的关系,当基因发生整码缺失时,临床表型为BMD,而发生移码突变时,临床表型为DMD。     

A critical review of patient-rated quality of life studies of long-term survivors of cervical cancer

OBJECTIVES: Increasing survival rates of cervical cancer (CC) patients and the trend towards more toxic multimodal therapy have led to focus on the quality of life (QOL) of cervical cancer survivors (CCSs). The aim of this critical review was to summarize and discuss the research findings of QOL in CCSs based on self-report measures in terms of physical, psychosocial, and sexual well-being. METHODS: Electronic databases were used to identify studies published between 1966 and August 2005. A quality assessment using methodological and treatment-related criteria was performed to distinguish between studies with good and less good methodology. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies were included, whereof eight had a good methodology. Eight studies used at least one questionnaire that had not been validated previously, and only one of the validated questionnaires had been tested in former studies of CCSs. The studies with good methodology focused primarily on sexual and social function after treatment, and less on physical and psychological well-being. The trend is that radiotherapy is more associated with reduced QOL dimensions than surgery or chemotherapy. In earlier stages of CC and following surgery alone, there seem to be minor differences between CCSs and control groups concerning various QOL domains. CONCLUSIONS: Reviewed studies indicate that quality of life in cervical cancer survivors is reduced compared to the general female population following radiotherapy, but less so following surgery and earlier stages of cervical cancer. Shortcomings of both methodology and content of the studies reviewed preclude definite conclusions concerning QOL for the moment.     

BARD1剪切变异体的自身抗体在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的临床价值

目的 评价1个新的卵巢恶性肿瘤抗原--乳腺癌易感基因1(BRCA1)相关的具有环状结构域的蛋白(BARD1)剪切变异体(OV-142)的自身抗体在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的价值.方法 RT-PCR技术克隆OV-142基因的开放阅读框,构建OV-142的原核表达质粒,表达、纯化OV-142重组融合蛋白;用间接酶联免疫吸附试验检测126例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者、15例卵巢交界性肿瘤患者、42例卵巢良性肿瘤患者血清中OV-142的IgG、IgM型自身抗体的相对含量,并分析自身抗体在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的临床价值.结果 成功构建了OV-142的原核表达质粒,并获得了OV-142重组融合蛋白.当联合分析OV-142 IgG型自身抗体与CA125时,在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中的敏感性为71.4%,高于单独分析IgG(41.3%)或CA125(61.1%);特异性为89.1%,高于单独分析IgG(84.2%)或CA125(88.0%);准确性为81.9%,高于单独分析IgG(66.8%)或CA125(77.1%).结论 OV-142是BARD1的1个剪切变异体,其有可能成为卵巢恶性肿瘤免疫治疗的新靶点.OV-142抗原的IgG型自身抗体在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中有可能成为CA125的1个重要的补充血清学标志物.     

克罗米芬对增殖期子宫内膜组织形态影响的定量研究

应用图像分析仪，定量分析１４例因男方因素（６例）或不明原因（８例）不孕妇女克罗米芬（ＣＣ）用药前、后增殖期子宜内膜细胞结构及ＤＮＡ含量。结果：ＣＣ周期第１２天子宜内膜细胞核ＤＮＡ含量显著低于自然周期同期水平，表面上皮、腺上皮细胞核面积、核周长、核最大直径小于自然周期值，面积减小程度与ＤＮＡ量下降程度呈正相关。提示：ＣＣ抑制ＤＮＡ合成，影响上皮细胞核增殖、分裂及细胞结构，作用机理可能与ＣＣ在受体水平阻断雌二醇作用有关。     

妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症患者的胎儿淋巴细胞研究

目的探讨胎儿淋巴细胞在妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)发病中的作用。方法采用单向混合淋巴细胞反应法,检测20例ICP患者(ICP组)及20例正常孕妇(对照组)的脐血胎儿淋巴细胞与母体外周血已灭活的淋巴细胞、皮肤组织可溶性抗原、蜕膜组织可溶性抗原的增殖反应情况。结果(1)ICP组脐血胎儿淋巴细胞与母体已灭活的淋巴细胞混合反应中,胎儿淋巴细胞的增殖反应程度为2．75±0．36,显著高于对照组的1．45±0．19,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05);(2) ICP组脐血胎儿淋巴细胞与母体蜕膜组织可溶性抗原混合反应中,胎儿淋巴细胞的增殖反应程度为1．45±0．19,显著高于对照组的0．67±0．24,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05);(3)ICP组脐血胎儿淋巴细胞与母体皮肤组织可溶性抗原反应中,胎儿淋巴细胞的增殖反应程度为1．22±0．44,显著高于对照组的0．66±0．27,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0．05)。结论胎儿淋巴细胞可能是ICP发病过程中的主要效应细胞之一;母-胎间免疫失衡是ICP发病的重要机制之一。     

Quality of life of victims of intimate partner violence

OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible correlations of ZPT or ZPTV with clinical outcome following in vitro fertilization. METHODS: Two hundred forty-six embryos were selected for transfer on day 3 with clear image record from 81 IVF-ET cycles. The laser system measurement software was used to measure the ZTP value of each embryo and the ZPTV was computed. Statistical analysis was done using the ANOVA or Chi-square test. RESULTS: Both ZPT and ZPTV declined with women's age. The mean ZPTV of embryos from patients between 30 and 34 years old was significantly higher than that from patients older than 35 (P<0.001). The ZPTV in pregnancy group was significantly higher than that in nonpregnancy group (P<0.005). The clinical pregnancy rate in the group with ZPTV more than 20% was significantly higher than that in the group with ZPTV less than 20% (P<0.05). The ZPTV of high grade embryos was significantly higher than that of low grade embryos (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ZPTV rather than ZPT is an effective parameter to evaluate the embryo quality. Increasing the ZPTV may enhance embryo implantation potential.     

Association of strength of religious adherence to quality of life measures

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate, in a mid-west, religiously conservative church-population, the impact upon a subject's Biblically based depth of religious adherence on quality of life.MethodsA survey evaluating self-reported adherence to basic activities and knowledge of faith and perceived well-being. Subjects were divided into ‘adherent’ or ‘less-adherent’ and these groups were used to analyze differences.ResultsOf 303 included subjects we found differences between adherent and less-adherent groups in each of 7 questions (P ≤ 0.01). The strongest separation between groups resulted from: if they met the needs of another Christian, studied the Holy Scriptures or praised God.ConclusionReligious adherence may promote a sense of well-being in those who profess Christian faith.