腹腔镜下乙状结肠代阴道成形术的临床应用

目的 探讨腹腔镜下进行乙状结肠代阴道成形术的方法及其临床应用效果。方法施行腹腔镜辅助下乙状结肠代阴道成形术4例,于腹腔镜下采用直线切割缝合器切断乙状结肠的远端后,在左下腹做一辅助切口,经此切口牵拉出近端乙状结肠,再次切断乙状结肠,缝合关闭移植乙状结肠段近端开口,将吻合器底座置入保留的乙状结肠段近端,并行荷包缝合后,将肠管还纳腹腔。经肛门置入管状吻合器,腹腔镜下将保留的乙状结肠段行端端吻合,下牵移植的乙状结肠段入阴道穴道。施行全腹腔镜下乙状结肠代阴道成形术5例,上述手术操作均于腹腔镜下完成。结果9例手术均获成功,患者平均手术时间312 min,平均出血量308 ml;随访时间1-19个月,腹部切口美观,人工阴道生长良好,5例性生活满意。结论腹腔镜下乙状结肠代阴道成形术创伤小,患者恢复快,能够达到开腹手术的效果。     

改良全腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术治疗MRKH综合征8例临床疗效分析

目的探讨改良全腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术治疗Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome(MRKH综合征)的临床疗效。方法对中国医科大学附属盛京医院2006年6月至2009年4月收治的30例患者行腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术,其中8例在腹腔镜手术中,使用内镜线型切割闭合器切断乙状结肠移植肠段的近端和远端后,先经会阴于尿道膀胱与直肠之间造穴,经穴道将乙状结肠近端拉出,置入抵钉座荷包缝合包埋后送还腹腔内,自肛门插入腔内圆型吻合器,端端吻合乙状结肠,再将带血管蒂的移植肠段牵入穴道,完成阴道成形(改良组)。22例行腹腔镜辅助经腹壁下横切口于腹壁外处理肠管的乙状结肠代阴道手术(对照组)。对两组术式的可行性、手术参数进行对比,术后随访采用自尊量表调查的方式。结果 30例术后乙状结肠吻合口均无感染及肠瘘发生,形成的阴道术后均无狭窄,阴道深度为11~13cm,阴道外口均似正常阴道,无术中和术后并发症的发生。改良组手术时间为(165.6±21.9)min,对照组(209.5±46.9)min(P0.05);改良组术中失血量为(87.5±11.6)mL,对照组为(157.7±42.5)mL(P0.05);自尊量表调查评分改良组平均为38分,对照组平均为36分(P0.05)。结论改良组经阴道造穴肠吻合手术方法是可行和安全的,使肠吻合过程操作简便,具有腹壁上不留辅助切口瘢痕,避免腹壁切口感染的优点,缩短了手术时间,手术效果较理想。     

腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠代阴道成形术6例临床分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠代阴道成形术的手术方法、可行性和疗效评价.方法:分析6例腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠代阴道成形术(腹腔镜辅助组)术式、围手术期并发症以及远期阴道功能和解剖学效果,并与12例传统开腹乙状结肠代阴道手术(传统手术组)进行比较.结果:腹腔镜辅助组手术时间248.5±55.4分钟长于传统手术组187.7±35.7分钟(P<0.05),但体温恢复正常天数和手术后住院时间均明显短于传统手术组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术中出血量和阴道长度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);腹腔镜辅助组平均随访15个月,新形成阴道10～14 cm,未出现1例阴道挛缩,与传统手术组比较,近期及远期效果相似.结论:腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠代阴道成形术虽有较长的手术时间,但患者术后身体恢复快、创伤小、住院时间短,是一种治疗先天性无阴道较为可行的微创外科手术方法.     

腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠代阴道成形术

日本女性 ,19岁 ,主诉原发性闭经。体检 :第二性征发育好 ,外生殖器正常 ,无阴道。 MRI示双卵巢正常 ,无子宫。染色体核型为 46 ,XX。诊断 :Mayer综合征。拟行腹腔镜辅助下乙状结肠替代阴道成形术。麻醉满意后患者取头低脚高仰卧位 ,腹腔穿刺充入 CO2气体至 1.0 7k Pa压力 ,腹腔镜盆腔探查见始基子宫 ,呈条索状 ,双卵巢和输卵管正常。镜下确定肠系膜下动脉及其分支和乙状结肠、直肠长度足够供移植至盆底后 ,将供移植的乙状结肠两端以缝线作标志。电极和超声刀分离肠系膜后用吻合器在标志处切断肠管。下腹部取 3.5 cm长切口 ,经此切口缝…     

腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术45例临床分析

目的 分析腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析45例腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术患者的临床资料,其中先天性无阴道41例,男性易性癣患者变性术后4例.观察45例腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术的手术时间、出血量及成形后的阴道形态、功能.结果 45例腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术均获得成功,手术时间135～245 min,平均157 min,平均出血量82 ml,人工阴道接近女性阴道的形态和生理功能;术后共有34例患者佩戴阴道模具达3个月以上,人工阴道扩张良好;有性生活者25例,均满意.无一例手术并发症发生.结论 腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术是目前较理想的阴道成形方法.     

腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道术

先天性无阴道最常表现为Ｍａｙｅｒ Ｒｏｋｉｔａｎｓｋｙ Ｋｕｓｔｅｒ Ｈａｕｓｅｒ综合征 (ＭＲＫＨ综合征 ) [1 ] ,即子宫和阴道缺如 ,而输卵管和卵巢发育正常。ＭＲＫＨ综合征发生率约为 1 4 0 0 0～ 1 5 0 0 0 ,治疗方法有手术和非手术治疗。与其他手术方法比较 ,由于乙状结肠代阴道手术后很少发生阴道瘢痕形成和阴道狭窄 ,能达到更好的解剖和功能学效果 ,故近 2 0年来成为主流手术之一[2 ] 。然而 ,传统的乙状结肠代阴道手术需开腹进行 ,术后腹壁留有较大瘢痕。我们对 1例ＭＲＫＨ综合征患者应用腹腔镜技术施行乙状结肠自体移植阴道…     

腹腔镜下回肠代阴道手术

阴道成形手术类型有数种，各有利弊。我院采用全腹腔镜下回肠代阴道手术2例，效果良好，现报道如下。     

改良腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术中应用新型穹隆杯治疗全子宫切除术后阴道穹隆脱垂效果初探

目的:探讨改良腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术中应用新型穹隆杯治疗全子宫切除术后阴道穹隆脱垂患者的效果。方法:选择广州医科大学附属第一医院妇科2010年3月至2018年1月收治的全子宫切除术后阴道穹隆脱垂患者41例,均进行改良腹腔镜下阴道骶骨固定术,术中使用新型穹隆杯辅助分离膀胱阴道间隙和直肠阴道间隙。结果:41例均顺利完成手术,手术时间150±29分钟,术中出血量70.1±60.5 ml,术中无输尿管、膀胱、肠道损伤等并发症。手术前、后各解剖位点位置比较,除会阴体长度外,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:对全子宫切除术后阴道穹隆脱垂患者在腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术中应用新型穹隆杯可减少术中膀胱及直肠损伤。     

球体替代纽扣改良腹腔镜Vecchietti阴道成形手术12例临床分析

目的：探讨用球体替代纽扣实施腹腔镜Vecchietti阴道成形手术的可行性和临床效果的优越性。方法：选取2003年至2012年在山东大学齐鲁医院妇科行腹腔镜Vecchietti阴道成形术的20例先天性无阴道患者,其中行传统腹腔镜Vecchietti阴道成形手术者8例（纽扣组）,用球体替代纽扣实施改良腹腔镜Vecchietti阴道成形手术者12例（球体组）。比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后提拉疼痛评分,以及术后3月及6月的阴道长度（cm）和宽度（cm）。结果：球体组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛评分（VAS）均显著低于纽扣组（P〈0.05）。术后3月及6月复查,两组患者的阴道长度及宽度均无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结论：应用球体替代纽扣改良腹腔镜Vecchietti阴道成形手术与传统腹腔镜Vecchietti阴道成形手术相比较,缩短了手术时间,减少术中出血量,明显缓解患者术后提拉疼痛,同时又保留传统手术方式的优点,是一种创伤更小、更加简约可行的手术方式。     

全腹腔镜下阴道骶骨固定术和阴腹联合腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术并发症的比较

目的:探讨全腹腔镜下阴道骶骨固定术和阴腹联合腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术并发症的差异。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月1日至2018年12月31日在广州医科大学附属第一医院妇产科因"阴道穹隆脱垂"行全腹腔镜下阴道骶骨固定术的38例患者(全腹腔镜组)和因"子宫阴道脱垂"行"阴腹联合"腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术的161例患者(阴腹联合组)的临床资料。结果:全腹腔镜组及阴腹联合组所有患者均顺利完成手术,均无术中并发症的发生。术中出血量59.2±37.9 ml vs 74.8±45.4 ml,手术时间74.47±8.4分钟vs 107.6±6.5分钟,术后停留导尿管时间2.3±1.0天vs 2.3±0.9天,术后住院天数5.6±1.6天vs 5.5±1.8天,两组间术后停留导尿管时间及术后住院天数两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。而术中出血及手术时间两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。全腹腔镜组及阴腹联合组患者均无一例发生术中并发症,围手术期并发症为:发热2.6%vs 1.2%,尿潴留7.9%vs 5.6%;远期并发症为网片相关并发症5.3%vs 5.0%。两组间术后病率、尿潴留发生率及网片相关并发症差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:与全腹腔镜下阴道骶骨固定术相比,阴腹联合腹腔镜阴道骶骨固定术并没有增加围手术期感染率及网片相关并发症,是一种安全可靠的手术方式。     

腹腔镜肠道阴道成形术的手术要点

用肠道(乙状结肠或回肠)进行阴道重建可以在腹腔镜下完成,但与剖腹手术相比较应注意如下几个方面:(1)所取肠段的选定,既要切取足够的长度,又要保证肠段的血液供应不受损伤。(2)肠段切取时,尤其是乙状结肠切取时要注意肠腔内容物对腹腔的污染,避免术后腹腔感染和肠吻合口的愈合不良。(3)应用肠吻合器时,可在下腹部做辅助小切口,或经阴道的造穴完成肠吻合。(4)术前的肠道准备及术后管理要同样重视。     

Long-Term Follow-Up after Laparoscopic Uterovestibular Anastomosis in Patients with Cervical Atresia and Complete Absence of the Vagina

BackgroundThe surgical treatment of girls with cervical atresia and complete absence of the vagina remains a problem because of the rarity of cases and the controversial study results.ObjectiveTo describe the surgical technique and long-term results of laparoscopically assisted uterovestibular anastomosis in patients with cervical atresia and complete absence of the vaginaStudy DesignSixteen consecutive patients with cervical atresia and complete absence of the vagina were conservatively treated with laparoscopically assisted uterovestibular anastomosis in 2 tertiary care referral centers. The follow-up assessments included clinical examination, determination of the presence and quality of sexual intercourse, and vaginoscopy.ResultsAll patients underwent laparoscopically assisted uterovestibular anastomosis. No perioperative complications occurred. The mean follow-up period was 8 ± 3.2 years. In all patients, the length of the neovagina was greater than 4 cm at 1 year after the surgery and approximately 6 cm after 2 years. After the start of sexual intercourse, the neovagina exceeded 7 cm in length in 2 of the 11 sexually active patients. At 12 months after the surgery, iodine-positive epithelium was present in all patients and was maintained over time. The continuity of the neovagina, neocervix, and uterine body was maintained without further interventions in 15 of the 16 patients. During the follow-up, 11 patients were sexually active, 5 were married, 4 were seeking conception, and 2 had spontaneous pregnancy.ConclusionsLaparoscopically assisted uterovestibular anastomosis seems to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with cervical atresia and complete absence of the vagina, at least in terms of the recovery of menstrual function and sexual activity.     

腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术治疗先天性无阴道临床疗效比较

目的探讨腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术的临床疗效。方法采用随机对照的研究方法 ,对2001年1月至2010年12月第三军医大学附属西南医院40例先天性无阴道患者按随机表法,1:2随机化分组,分别接受腹腔镜乙状结肠代阴道成形术(14例)和腹膜代阴道成形术(26例),比较2组的围手术期参数及术后疗效。结果 40例患者均在腹腔镜下成功完成手术,腹膜代阴道组较乙状结肠代阴道组手术时间短,术中出血量少,术后恢复快(P﹤0.05)。术后随访6～108个月,阴道平均深度、性生活启动时间和性功能指数量表评分比较,两组差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术和乙状结肠代阴道成形术均是安全、疗效满意的手术方式,但腹腔镜腹膜代阴道成形术更微创、术后患者恢复更快。     

Laparoscopic promontofixation for the treatment of recurrent sigmoid neovaginal prolapse: case report and systematic review of the literature

Prolapse of a sigmoid neovagina, created in patients with congenital vaginal aplasia, is rare. In correcting this condition, preservation of coital function and restoration of the vaginal axis should be of primary interest. A 34-year-old woman with vaginal agenesis underwent vaginoplasty using sigmoid colon. Almost 6 years after the initial operation, she started complaining of a bearing-down sensation and an increase in vaginal discharge. She underwent 2 open surgeries and one vaginal surgery to treat the prolapse with no success. She came to our service and at vaginal examination the neovagina protruded approximately 5 cm beyond the hymen. The prolapse was treated successfully using a laparoscopic approach to suspend the neovagina to the sacral promontory (laparoscopic promontofixation). Prolapse of an artificially created vagina is a rare occurrence, without a standard treatment. Laparoscopy may be an alternative approach to restore the neovagina without compromising its function.     

Laparoscopically assisted balloon vaginoplasty for management of vaginal aplasia.

OBJECTIVE: To report the intra-operative and post-operative results of laparoscopically assisted balloon vaginoplasty, a new technique for management of vaginal aplasia. METHODS: Eight women with vaginal aplasia due to Mullerian agenesis who were referred for apareunia, dyspareunia. All had a poor penetration score and sexual satisfaction score. A Foley's catheter was laparoscopically inserted in the space between the urethra and rectum. Gradual traction and distension were used to create a neovagina. Outcomes measured were intra-operative complications, post-operative complications, length of the neovagina and post-operative complications and sexual satisfaction score in both partners. RESULTS: Mean operative time was 25.5+/-5.5 min. No operative complications were recorded. Pain scores ranged from zero to 30 points at rest and from 30 to 60 points during dressing, traction and distension. Penetration and satisfaction scores increased significantly after the operation. CONCLUSIONS: Balloon vaginoplasty is a simple, safe and satisfactory technique for management of blind vagina.     

Neovagina construction by combined laparoscopic-perineal sigmoid colpoplasty in a patient with Rokitansky syndrome

We created a neovagina by sigmoid colpoplasty using a combined laparoscopic-perineal approach in a 19-year-old woman with Rokitansky syndrome. Operating time was 4 hours and 45 minutes. No perioperative or postoperative complications occurred. Hemoglobin level fell by 1 g/dl. Total doses of morphine, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and paracetamol were 20 mg, 350 mg, and 28 g, respectively. Hospital stay was 7 days. The length of the neovagina was 12 cm. By comparison, in the three reported cases of laparotomic-perineal sigmoid vaginoplasty, mean operating time was 5 hours and 40 minutes; 24-hour fall in hemoglobin was 3.2 g/dl (range 2.1-4.3 g/dl); mean doses of morphine, NSAIDs, and paracetamol were 42.6 mg, 300 mg, and 40 g, respectively; mean hospital stay was 11.3 days; and length of neovaginas was 10, 12, and 12 cm. Although sigmoid colpoplasty is a reliable and reproducible technique, it requires experience in laparoscopic colonic surgery. The combined laparoscopic-perineal approach is associated with less analgesic requirement, shorter hospital stay, and similar anatomic results compared with the laparotomic-perineal approach.     

Laparoscopy-assisted Ruge procedure for the creation of a neovagina in a patient with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To describe the successful use of a laparoscopy-assisted Ruge procedure for the reconstruction of a vagina in a patient with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: A university hospital. PATIENT(S): A 19-year-old Japanese woman with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. INTERVENTION(S): Creation of a neovagina by a laparoscopy-assisted Ruge technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical examinations were performed during the follow-up period. The depth and diameter of the neovagina were measured by vaginography. Patient satisfaction also was determined. RESULT(S): The neovagina was 12 cm in length and 4 cm in diameter. The mucosa of the neovagina was pinkish and had a moist surface. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. CONCLUSION(S): The use of an isolated segment of the sigmoid colon for vaginal construction has the advantages of providing a sufficient length of neovagina and not requiring immediate postoperative self-dilatation. We believe that our procedure has various advantages in addition to those of the original Ruge method, including its minimally invasive nature and excellent cosmetic results. Further, a laparoscopy-assisted operation allows for the diagnosis of uterine defects and the creation of a neovagina at the same time.     

Laparoscopically Assisted Neovaginoplasty in Vaginal Agenesis: A Long-Term Outcome Study in 240 Patients

Study ObjectiveTo assess the long-term outcome of an optimized minimally invasive neovaginoplasty technique in vaginal agenesis.DesignCombined retrospective and prospective study.SettingUniversity hospital.Participants240 patients with congenital vaginal agenesis.InterventionsPatients with an indication for neovagina creation underwent laparoscopically assisted neovaginoplasty involving vaginoabdominal blunt perforation and intracorporeal traction using tension threads and an abdominally positioned extracorporeal traction device.Main Outcome MeasuresLong-term anatomic success, functional success compared with similar-aged controls, long-term complications, and incidence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infections.ResultsDuring median follow-up for 16 (range 11-141) months, mean functional neovaginal length remained stable at 9.5 cm in all patients, including those who had no sexual intercourse and had stopped wearing the vaginal dummy. Median dummy wearing time was 8.6 months. Time to epithelialization depended on the time of onset and frequency of sexual intercourse. At long-term follow-up, median total Female Sexual Function Index score was 30.0, comparable with similar-aged controls. No common long-term complications occurred. Four patients required cauterization of granulation tissue. 7/240 (2.9%) patients were HPV-positive with low- to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 3 patients reverting to HPV-negative status at long-term follow-up.ConclusionsOur technique creates a neovagina of adequate size and secretory capacity for normal coitus, requiring no prolonged dilation postoperatively, even in the absence of sexual intercourse. The procedure is fast, effective and minimally traumatic, has a very low long-term complication rate and provides very satisfactory long-term functional results.     

Ultrasound imaging to evaluate Creatsas vaginoplasty.

OBJECTIVE: To present a new imaging technique for the evaluation of the functional effectiveness of Creatsas vaginoplasty. METHOD: Eighteen women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome underwent a transabdominal and transperineal ultrasound examination 4 weeks and 6 months after the surgical creation of a neovagina, and then yearly, with a condom filled with water as a distending and imaging medium. The functional length and width of the neovagina and its axis deviation were assessed, as well as the postoperative quality of the women's sexual life. RESULTS: A functional vagina 10 to 12 cm in length and 4 to 5 cm in width was observed; its axis deviation, which was similar to the anatomic deviation, was easily determined; and 94.5% of the women reported a satisfactory while 5.5% reported an adequate sexual life. CONCLUSION: This new imaging technique is a simple and effective alternative for the evaluation of the postoperative effectiveness of colpopoiesis.