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1.
Increasing interest has been focused on understanding the role working conditions play in terms of the serious issues facing hospitals today, including quality of patient care, nurse shortages, and financial challenges. One particular working condition that has been the subject of recent research, is the impact of organizational climate on nurses' well-being, including occupational health outcomes. To examine evidence-based research on the association between organizational climate and occupational health outcomes among acute-care registered nurses, a systematic review of published studies was conducted. Studies assessing the association between organizational climate variables and three common health outcomes in nurses (blood/body fluid exposures, musculoskeletal disorders, and burnout) were reviewed. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Although most were cross-sectional in design and variability was noted across studies with respect to operational definitions and assessment measures, all noted significant associations between specific negative aspects of hospital organizational climate and adverse health impacts in registered nurses. While evidence for an association between organizational climate constructs and nurses' health was found, data were limited and some of the relationships were weak. Additional studies are warranted to clarify the nature of these complex relationships.  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

Background:

Stress is a common hazard in the work environment and is associated with multiple adverse health effects. The association between work-related stress (WRS) and cardiovascular disease has been established in a number of epidemiological studies.

Methods:

A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement of the English literature involving WRS and carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT).

Results:

Four cohorts and six cross-sectional studies of occupational stress and CIMT were identified. All cohorts and five of the cross-sectional studies reported a significant positive association, while one reported an inverse association of WRS and CIMT.

Discussion:

The weight of the evidence that we were able to identify suggests that occupational stress results in an increased risk of atherosclerosis, assessed via CIMT. Studies that include longitudinal measures of stress and intermediate cardiac endpoints, with adequate accounting for confounders, are needed. Interventional studies should also be conducted to determine whether CIMT progression can be prevented with workplace stress reduction.  相似文献   

3.
A systematic review of arthrosis of finger joints in relation to occupational exposure revealed 11 epidemiological studies and 13 case reports. All studies but one were cross-sectional rendering demonstration of causation problematic. The reviewed literature also had drawbacks relating to exposure classification, confounding and non-attendance. Four studies showed an association between extensive use of precision grip and development of arthrosis of the distal interphalangeal joints of fingers. Two studies found an association between forceful gripping and the occurrence of arthrosis involving the metacarpophalangeal joints. Arthrosis of the proximal interphalangeal joints and first carpo-metacarpal joints was not related to any specific occupational task. Well-designed studies are needed to further elucidate this possible occupational hazard.  相似文献   

4.
目的了解兰州市三甲医院护士职业压力、职业倦怠与离职倾向的现状及其相互关系,为管理者采取针对性的决策提供数据参考。方法采取系统抽样的方法,运用护士一般情况调查表、职业紧张压力量表、职业倦怠量表及离职倾向量表对兰州市三甲医院护士进行问卷调查,采用Pearson相关分析进行统计分析。结果职业压力中任务过重、任务冲突、责任感、工作环境、业务紧张反应、心理紧张反应、人际紧张反应及躯体紧张反应8个维度与离职倾向呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05),任务不适、任务模糊、娱乐休闲、自我保健、社会支持及理性处事6个维度与离职倾向呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05);职业倦怠中情感衰竭、去个性化两个维度与离职倾向呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05)。结论兰州市三甲医院护士职业压力较大、职业倦怠较为严重,离职倾向较高,医院管理者应采取针对性的措施,减轻护士的职业压力,降低护士的离职倾向,保持护士队伍的稳定性。  相似文献   

5.

Background:

Stress is a common hazard in the work environment and is associated with multiple adverse health effects. The association between work-related stress (WRS) and cardiovascular disease has been established in a number of epidemiological studies.

Methods:

A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement of the English literature involving WRS and carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT).

Results:

Four cohorts and six cross-sectional studies of occupational stress and CIMT were identified. All cohorts and five of the cross-sectional studies reported a significant positive association, while one reported an inverse association of WRS and CIMT.

Discussion:

The weight of the evidence that we were able to identify suggests that occupational stress results in an increased risk of atherosclerosis, assessed via CIMT. Studies that include longitudinal measures of stress and intermediate cardiac endpoints, with adequate accounting for confounders, are needed. Interventional studies should also be conducted to determine whether CIMT progression can be prevented with workplace stress reduction.  相似文献   

6.
The objectives of our study were to identify and categorize primary research investigating swine/pork as a source of zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) using the relatively new technique of scoping study, and to investigate the potential association between human exposure to swine/pork and HEV infection quantitatively using systematic review/meta-analysis methodology. From 1890 initially identified abstracts, 327 were considered for the review. Five study design types (cross-sectional, prevalence, genotyping, case-report and experimental transmission studies) were identified. A significant association between occupational exposure to swine and human HEV IgG seropositivity was reported in 10/13 cross-sectional studies. The association reported between pork consumption and HEV IgG seropositivity was inconsistent. The quantification of viral load in swine and retail pork, viral load required for infection in primates, cohort and case-control studies in humans, and formal risk assessment are recommended before specific public-health policy actions are taken.  相似文献   

7.
目的研究城市男性职业人群工作压力对其身心健康功能的影响,并探讨职业倦怠在其间的中介效应。方法从某城市中心城区随机抽取30~65岁的1133名男性职工进行横断面调查,用哥本哈根社会心理问卷(COPSOQ)、哥本哈根倦怠问卷(CBI)、以及SF-8分别测试工作压力、职业倦怠、和健康功能,运用中介分析研究工作压力和职业倦怠对职工身心健康的影响。结果工作压力的增加与男性职业人群生理健康和心理健康的下降有显著性关联(P〈0.01),并可见明显的剂量一反应关系;职业倦怠作为中介变量,对生理健康和心理健康的下降分别起到了15.08%和23.84%的间接效应。结论工作压力对男性职业人群的身心健康均造成了不利影响,职业倦怠部分中介了上述作用。  相似文献   

8.
[目的]探讨公司职员职业紧张与工作倦怠的关系,以期为采取合适的干预措施提供科学依据。[方法]抽取静安区11座商务楼,问卷调查1033名职员,采用工作内容问卷(job content questionnaire,JCQ)和Maslach工作倦怠量表,调查职员一般情况、职员的职业紧张和工作倦怠情况。资料采用方差分析、等级相关和logistic回归方法进行统计分析。[结果]方差分析结果表明,JCQ各维度得分和工作倦怠量表各维度得分,在不同个体特征和不同职业特征之间差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05或P〈0.01);等级相关结果显示,职业紧张与工作倦怠的Spearman等级相关系数为0.321(P〈0.0001);社会支持与职业紧张和工作倦怠的Spearman等级相关系数分别为-0.250和-0.252(P〈0.0001)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,不同职业紧张水平与工作倦怠风险有相关关系;而社会支持对工作倦怠的风险有缓冲效应OR=0.308(P〈0.01)。[结论]职业紧张受个体特征因素影响和职业相关因素影响;高职业紧张是发生工作倦怠危险的影响因素,尤其是发生潜在工作倦怠危险的重要影响因素。应当在个人层面和组织机构层面采取措施,降低职业紧张水平,从而降低工作倦怠的风险,达到提高职员健康水平的目的。  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨护士职业倦怠与职业紧张的关系及职业倦怠的影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法对辽宁省三级甲等医院的护士进行问卷调查。应用T检验、单因素方差分析、Logistic回归分析护士职业倦怠的影响因素。结果单因素分析结果显示年龄、婚姻状况、夜班、每周工作时间、护患关系均对护士的职业倦怠有影响。Logistic回归分析结果显示付出-回报与职业倦怠的情绪衰竭维度以及消极怠慢维度呈密切相关(P<0.001),且紧张程度越高,对这两个维度的解释力越大。而在个人成就感维度,只有高紧张型护士的得分较低紧张型护士明显降低(P<0.001)。结论职业紧张、年龄、夜班、护患关系是影响护士职业倦怠的重要因素,医院管理人员应根据此结果制定更科学的人力资源管理政策以预防或减少职业倦怠。  相似文献   

10.
目的 了解上海市青浦区社区卫生服务中心医务人员职业紧张与职业倦怠情况,并分析职业倦怠的影响因素。
方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,以青浦区3家社区卫生服务中心480名医务人员为调查对象,采用付出-回报失衡问卷(ERI)和职业倦怠通用量表(MBI-GS)分别对社区医务人员的职业紧张状况和职业倦怠状况进行调查。
结果 回收完整有效问卷445份,有效率96.95%。存在职业紧张的医务人员为54人(占12.14%),存在职业倦怠的医务人员为328名(占73.71%)。存在职业紧张的社区卫生服务中心医务人员其情感衰竭、消极怠慢和专业低效能感的平均得分均高于无职业紧张状况者(P < 0.01)。MBI-GS问卷各维度(专业低效能感、情感衰竭、消极怠慢)和ERI问卷中的付出、内在付出维度以及职业紧张程度呈正相关(r=0.27~0.59,P < 0.01),和回报维度呈负相关(r=-0.47~-0.29,P < 0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,职称高(OR=1.71,P < 0.01)、工龄短(OR=0.97,P < 0.01)、职业紧张程度高(OR=39.70,P < 0.01)和内在付出得分高(OR=1.16,P < 0.01)是社区卫生服务中心医务人员发生职业倦怠的危险因素。
结论 青浦区社区卫生服务中心医务人员职业紧张与职业倦怠较为严重,两者之间存在相关性。应针对影响职业倦怠发生的人口学因素进行分析,并对职业紧张进行有针对性的干预,以预防职业倦怠的发生。
  相似文献   

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