兰州市3～12岁儿童BMI肥胖标准参考值

目的:探讨兰州市3～12岁儿童超重、肥胖BMI正常参考值。方法:采用随机整群分层抽样方法,选择兰州市区城市人口为主的4所小学和5所幼儿园3～12岁男女儿童3 200人进行体格测量。计算BMI百分位数分布,通过拟合BMI界值模型,最终确定兰州市学龄前及学龄儿童肥胖、超重BMI界值。结果:建立了兰州市3～12岁儿童超重、肥胖BMI正常参考值。按照本研究初拟界值判断,兰州市7、9、10、12岁组儿童超重问题最突出,每10人当中至少有1人超重;3～6岁儿童超重、肥胖随年龄增大而上升,其中在5岁期间增长幅度迅速增大;10岁组肥胖比例最高。结论:本研究各年龄组儿童除9岁和10岁男童超重、肥胖BMI界值在P80和P90百分位数,其余各组儿童主要集中在P85和P95百分位数。兰州市3～12岁儿童超重检出率女童高于男童(男童8.57%,女童9.39%),男童肥胖检出率高于女童(男童6.07%,女童4.32%),男女童在超重和肥胖检出率上并不总是男童高于女童。     

兰州市学龄前儿童超重与肥胖预防控制策略

目的依据兰州市3～12岁儿童超重肥胖BMI正常参考值,探讨超重肥胖儿童的预防策略。方法采用随机整群分层抽样的方法,选择兰州市区以城市人口为主的4所小学和5所幼儿园3～12岁男女儿童共计3200人进行体格测量。依据BMI正常参考值,分析学龄前儿童身体发育规律,总结肥胖、超重的重点时段。结果按照本研究前期BMI界值判断,各年龄组儿童除9岁和10岁男童超重肥胖的BMI界值在P80和P90百分位数,其余各组儿童主要集中在P85和P95百分位数。结论依据兰州市3～12岁儿童超重、肥胖的发育节律,加强在5岁期间、9岁期间饮食调配等将有利于学龄前儿童超重与肥胖的预防和控制。     

中国九市城郊0～7岁儿童的体块指数

【目的】分析中国7岁以下儿童体块指数(BMI)的变化规律，提供儿童BMI人群参照值。【方法】根据1995年第三次中国九市城郊7岁以下儿童体格发育调查所获得的数据，采用九市0～7岁157362名健康男女儿童(其中城区79154人，郊区78208人)的身高(3岁以下为身长)、体重测量值，分城、郊、男、女22个年龄组．分别计算出各自的BMI百分位数值并绘制曲线。【结果】分别按年龄、性别、城郊计算出了0～7岁儿童BMI的第3、10、25、50、75、85、90、95、97百分位数值；通过比较分析证实：九市0～7岁儿童的BMI存在性别、城郊和地区差异，十年问绝大多数年龄组BMI值有不同程度的增长。【结论】九市0～7岁儿童BMI人群参照值，可为研究和制定儿童超重肥胖的判断标准提供科学依据。     

中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准

目的 建立全国统一的学龄儿童、青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数(13MI)值分类标准。方法 以“2000年全国学生体质调研”为参照人群，共调查汉族7～18岁中小学生244200余人。比较中国儿童青少年BMl分布与美国国立卫生统计中心(NCHS)国际标准差距，计算随年龄BMI百分位数分布。利用P85、P90和P95组合成三个暂定标准，利用生理、血脂生化和体成分指标进行交叉验证。运用B-spline曲线对选定标准作平滑化拟合。结果 利用中国沿海发达大城市样本作BMI分布曲线有助克服青春中期后曲线的低平现象。交叉验证显示以P85和P95为超重、肥胖筛查标准较适宜，灵敏性和特异性符合要求。18岁时男女性：BMI均以24和28为超重，肥胖界值点，与已颁布实施的中国成人超重、肥胖筛查标准接轨。以北京、河南、四川等省(市)分别作为中国儿童青少年生长发育上、中、下水平的三个代表人群作回代验证。城市7～18岁男女生中，北京市超重率17．00％和9．46％，肥胖率9．99％和6．47％；河南省超重率10．86％和6．64％，肥胖率4．27％和3．07％；四川省超重率6．95％和4．23％，肥胖率2．84％和2．09％，符合现实状况。结论 本标准兼顾前瞻性和现实性，既充分考虑近年来中国学龄儿童青少年生长的长期加速趋势，显著缩短和国际标准的差距，又具有中国特色，体现东亚人群的种族特征，具较高的现实性，可在全国范围推广。     

宁波地区7岁以下儿童超重和单纯性肥胖调查及三种筛查方法比较研究

目的 了解宁波地区7岁以下儿童单纯性肥胖发生情况,探讨BMI不同参照标准在儿童超重、肥胖筛查的应用.方法 随机整群抽样调查64 038名儿童的身高、体重,按WHO 2006年推荐的身高标准体重值,体重达身高标准体重≥10%为超重、≥20%为肥胖,剔除伴肥胖的遗传性疾病和内分泌疾病.并分别采用WHO与国际肥胖工作组(IOTF)推荐的超重、肥胖BMI参照值对同一人群计算超重、肥胖检出率.结果 按WHO身高标准体重值宁波市7岁以下儿童超重和单纯性肥胖检出率分别为4.25%和2.88%,其中男童分别为4.45%和3.01%,女童分别为3.86%和2.56%,男童与女童的超重和肥胖检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).儿童超重和肥胖检出率随年龄增长而逐渐上升,6岁时男童分别达到11.84%和9.68%、女童分别达到10.14%和9.46%.不同年龄组和性别超重/肥胖比在1.15～1.94:1之间.调查人群BMI的P85、P95均低于WHO与IOTF标准中"超重"、"肥胖"的BMI判断界值,使用WHO与IOTF推荐的BMI参照值宁波市7岁以下儿童超重、肥胖检出率分别为9.72%、2.83%和6.11%、0.55%.结论 儿童早期是预防日后肥胖的关键时期,男童是预防和控制肥胖发生、发展的重点人群,应将预防和控制儿童肥胖工作列入儿童保健服务之中,建议尽快建立适合中国7岁以下儿童超重、肥胖筛查的BMI参考值.     

中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖筛查体重指数界值点的研究

目的 研究中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数(BMI)界值点.方法 在中国0～18岁儿童青少年BMI生长参照值的基础上,根据常用的超重、肥胖筛查界值点选择方法(与成年人界值点接轨法、百分位法或Z分值法),初步分别确定[BMI 24kg/m2 (BMI24)、28 kg/m2(BMI28)]、(P85、P95)和(Z1、Z2)三组界值点,通过对不同界值点进行差值和检出率比较,并与中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)和国际肥胖问题工作组(IOTF)的超重、肥胖界值点做对比分析,最后确定适宜界值点.结果 按照不同的超重、肥胖筛查BMI界值点选择方法获得三组界值点,不同界值点之间存在不同程度差异,但在超重合并肥胖检出率上差异相对较小.与WGOC相比,男章超重、肥胖及女童肥胖界值点非常接近,女童在8.5～15.5岁其超重界值点比WGOC标准低0.3～1.0 kg/m2,通过筛查"2004年北京市儿童代谢综合征调查"数据库,女童超重检出率比WGOC标准高约3.4%.结论 采用与成年人界值点接轨法(BMI24、BMI28)获得的中国2～18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查BMI界值点是适宜的,实现了在使用BMI指标上年龄的连贯性和筛查标准的一致性.     

4种体重指数分类标准对新疆3~9岁汉族、维吾尔族儿童超重/肥胖率的评价比较

目的:应用4种体重指数(BMI)分类标准,评价新疆3~9岁汉族、维吾尔族两民族儿童超重/肥胖率,验证我国学龄前儿童超重/肥胖分类标准在多民族地区的适用性。方法:采用随机整群抽样法抽取新疆4个地区汉族、维吾尔族两民族儿童,测量身高、体重,计算BMI,分别采用:1国际肥胖问题工作组(IOTF)超重/肥胖标准;2WHO 2~19岁儿童生长发育标准;3国立卫生统计中心/疾病预防控制中心(NCHS/CDC)标准;4中国2~18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖BMI界值点对儿童进行超重/肥胖评价。结果:在IOTF标准、WHO标准、NCHS/CDC标准、中国界值下儿童总体超重率分别为11.48%、12.03%、12.66%、16.61%,总体肥胖率分别为4.55%、7.40%、8.71%、9.81%。4种分类标准在5.5岁前超重检出率差异较大,6岁后检出率差异较小。中国界值超重/肥胖检出率>NCHS/CDC标准>WHO标准>IOTF标准。结论:4种BMI分类标准对3~9岁儿童超重/肥胖检出率有所不同,我国BMI分类标准适用于新疆地区。     

济宁市中小学生体质指数正常范围和评估标准的研究

目的建立济宁市6～18岁中小学生年龄别身高(HFA)、年龄别体重(WFA)及年龄别体质指数(BMI)正常标准范围和评估模式,确立济宁市6～18岁中小学生超重和肥胖BMI界值点。方法通过对济宁市约3万余中小学生生长发育状况指标包含身高、年龄别体重及年龄别体质指数的摸底调查,应用LMS软件建立该市中小学生身高、年龄别体重及年龄别体质指数百分位标准值。结果获得了济宁市6～18岁中小学生身高、体重年龄别均值,WFA、HFA和BMI的P3、P10、P50、P90和P97百分位标准值各5组,BMI增加了P85;济宁市男生身高及体重在6岁开始就明显高于WHO标准,在16岁之前均大于WHO标准,到16岁以后开始低于WHO标准;女生的身高及体重在14岁之前均大于WHO标准,14岁以后则低于WHO标准。分别用当地标准(简称JNBZ)和WGOC两个体质指数推断出济宁市中小学生在6～18岁时的超重和肥胖流行情况(检出率),其平均值男生分别为18.2%、7.45%(JNBZ)和20.1%、9.50%(WGOC),女生分别为13.0%、4.07%(JNBZ)和13.7%、4.75%(WGOC),各年龄段男女性别超重和肥胖检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论获得了济宁市6～18岁青少年中小学生年龄别身高(HFA)、年龄别体重(WFA)及年龄别体质指数(BMI)百分位参考值,并建议把24.3 kg/m2和28.5 kg/m2界值点推荐为济宁市18岁男生超重肥胖危险的触发点,而把24.2 kg/m2和28.0 kg/m2界值点推荐为济宁市18岁女生超重肥胖危险的触发点。     

国际生命科学学会中国肥胖问题工作组推荐体重指数分类标准的血脂谱验证

目的 探讨儿童青少年超重及肥胖与血脂谱的关系,验证国际生命科学学会中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)推荐的《中国儿童青少年超重和肥胖体重指数(BMI)值分类标准》。方法 随机抽取北京市6所中小学校2293名10～18岁健康中小学生作为观察对象,其中男生1124人,女生1169人,采取空腹血分离血清测定总胆固醇(TC)、总甘油三酯(TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),同时测量观察对象的身高及体重。结果 按照WGOC推荐的标准将人群分为BMI正常组(BMI<85百分位数)、超重组(BMI为85～95百分位数)及肥胖组(BMI≥95百分位数)。随着超重程度的增加,大多数男生及女生的TC及TG水平均呈现明显的增加趋势,HDL-C呈现降低趋势;且组间差异有极显著性(P<0.01)或显著性(P<0.05),个别组间差异虽然没有显著性,但也是处在边缘水平。结论 研究中观察到多数年龄组BMI与血脂生化指标间存在着显著的剂量效应反应关系,说明WGOC推荐的BMI分类标准存在着一定的合理性,是早期预防中国成年期人群疾病的重要标准。     

陕西省儿童青少年超重与肥胖的体质指数年龄别正常值

目的：建立儿童青少年超重与肥胖的体质指数（body mass index,BMI）年龄别正常值。方法：采用LMS法似合0－18岁儿童BMI指数百分位数，以18岁时BMI指数达到成人超重与和肥胖判断值（25、30kg/m^2）时的百分位数值作为儿童青少年超重与肥胖的正常值。结果：给出了儿童青少年肥胖和超重的BMI指数年龄别正常值，与国际建议 值和其它地区的正常值所在百分位数相比，陕西省的正常值较小，提示陕西省儿童青少年的体形偏消瘦，儿童青少年的营养状况与发达国家和地区存在差距。结论：本提供的儿童青少年超重与肥胖的BMI指数年龄别正常值，可用于陕西省儿童青少年超重和肥胖评价。     

A comparison of distribution curves of body mass index from Brazil and the United States for assessing overweight and obesity in Brazilian adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of recommendations for use of the 85th and 95th percentiles of body mass index (BMI) of the population in the United States of America as a screening tool to assess overweight/obesity in adolescents. METHODS: We investigated the relation between BMI and percent body fat in 1,540 adolescents (717 males and 823 females) aged 10 to 17.9 years old from a private high school in Niterói, a city in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We used bioelectric impedance, with the appropriate equations for adolescents, to estimate percent body fat, which served as the gold standard (30% for girls and 25% for boys) to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of the 85th and 95th percentiles of the United States and Brazilian distribution curves of BMI. RESULTS: Sensitivity and specificity were high (above 80%) for the Niterói boys, except for the 85th percentile of the Brazilian curve (specificity = 61.8%) and for the 95th percentile of the United States curve (sensitivity = 55.4%). For the Niterói girls, the 85th- and 95th-percentile BMI cutoff points, from both the United States and Brazilian curves, showed low sensitivity, and that sensitivity decreased with age. Specificity was high for the girls, and much higher than it was for the boys. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that using BMI to screen for overweight/obesity in adolescents can generate a high percentage of false-positives for Niterói boys and an even higher percentage of false-negatives for Niterói girls. A more universal approach to using anthropometric measures to screen for overweight/obesity should be developed, preferably linked to stages of maturation.     

上海市2000-2014年中小学生体质量指数变化趋势

了解2000-2014年上海市学龄儿童青少年体质量指数(BMI)的变化趋势,为儿童青少年超重、肥胖判别标准研制及预防干预提供参考.方法 选取2000,2005,2010,2014年4次全国学生体质与健康调研中7~18岁儿童青少年作为研究对象.应用最小均方(Least Mean Square,LMS)法探讨不同性别、年龄组儿童青少年BMI的变化趋势.结果 14年间学生BMI P85低年龄组差异比较小,随年龄增加差异逐渐增大,青春期后有减小的趋势,男生平均增加2.1百分点,女生平均增加1.3百分点.学生BMI增长主要集中在中等和高百分位数,尤其是P90后,差值逐渐增大.7~11,12~15岁男生在P5o后差值均逐渐增大,P95分别达2.0,3.2百分点,其中12岁男生从23.4 kg/m2增加到26.8 kg/m2,14岁女生从24.0 kg/m2增加到25.9 kg/m2.与WGOC标准相比,2014年男生BMI P85,P95均较高,而女生BMI P85 10岁之前高于WGOC标准,从11岁开始与WGOC标准基本相一致.2014年上海市7~18岁儿童青少年超重、肥胖检出率分别为15.4%,9.1%,较2000年总体均呈上升趋势,分别上升6.4,5.2百分点.结论 BMI分布高百分位的个体比低百分位个体的变化更大.在肥胖防治工作中,加强对群体BMI曲线的监测分析,对适时调整宏观调控战略意义重大.     

The Association Between Body Mass Index in Adolescence and Obesity in Adulthood

PURPOSE: This study used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979 to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) in adolescence and obesity in adulthood. METHODS: Measurements of height and weight from 1981 and 2002 were used to calculate BMI for a cohort of 1309 adolescents at baseline and during adulthood. Associations between BMI at age 16/17 and obesity (BMI > or =30) at age 37/38 were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: When the predicted probability of adult obesity equaled 0.5, the point on the adolescent BMI distribution was close to the 85th percentile for both sexes (83rd percentile for females and 86th percentile for males). Among adolescents with a BMI in the 85th-<95th percentile, 62% of the males and 73% of the females became obese adults. Among those with a BMI > or =95th percentile, 80% of the males and 92% of the females became obese adults. Versus those with a BMI <85th percentile, those with a BMI in the 85th-<95th percentile were more likely to be obese (odds ratio = 7 for males, 11 for females) as adults, and those with a BMI > or =95th percentile were most likely to be obese (odds ratio = 18 for males, 49 for females) as adults. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with a BMI > or =85th percentile are at elevated risk for obesity in adulthood. To prevent the development of obesity and its associated health risks, population-based efforts combined with targeted interventions for these high-risk adolescents are needed.     

Predicting overweight and obesity in adulthood from body mass index values in childhood and adolescence

BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) introduced the clinical use of the body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) in growth charts for young males and females. OBJECTIVE: This study updates our previous report with the use of new CDC BMI charts and definitions of adult overweight and obesity to predict adult overweight or obesity. DESIGN: Logistic models were fitted to relate adult overweight and obesity to childhood and adolescent BMI values at each age for 166 males and 181 females in the Fels Longitudinal Study and were applied to predict adult overweight and obesity at the 75th, 85th, and 95th percentiles on the CDC charts of childhood and adolescent BMI. RESULTS: A child or adolescent with a high BMI percentile on the CDC BMI-for-age growth charts has a high risk of being overweight or obese at 35 y of age, and this risk increases with age. For example, the probability of adult obesity at the 85th percentile for young males was 相似文献   

Diagnosis of overweight in adolescents: comparative study of the performance different criteria for body mass index

OBJECTIVE: In an attempt to simplify the screening process for detecting obesity in adolescence, the performance of different cutoff values for body mass index (BMI) was assessed in a population-based cohort in Southern Brazil. METHODS: A total of 493 adolescents aged 15-16 years who lived in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, were studied. Obesity was defined according to the WHO criteria taking into account age and sex (a BMI equal to or greater than the 85th percentile of the NHANES I reference, plus subscapular and triceps skinfold equal to or greater than the 90th percentile of the same reference). Different BMI cutoff values were used to assess their specificity and sensitivity. RESULTS: For boys, BMI>/=25 kg/m(2) showed the best performance for detecting obesity, with a sensitivity of 90% and only 5% of false positives. The Brazilian proposed criteria that was used had 100% sensitivity but up to 23% of false positives. Higher cutoff values were also tested, but there was a slight increase in specificity, accompanied by a marked reduction in sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: The BMI cutoff of 25 kg/m(2) presented the best performance for screening obesity in the studied sample, and it is recommended for adolescents aged 15 and more in populations with similar characteristics. It provides a single cutoff value to be used in primary health services, eliminating the need for age and sex-specific values and skinfold measurements, and it is also consistent with the cutoff value proposed to identifying overweight adults.     

Mexican anthropometric percentiles for ages 10-18

OBJECTIVE: To elaborate Mexican growth charts based on international methodology. DESIGN: Data were obtained from the Mexican National Health Survey. The survey was stratified and probabilistic representative of all the country. SETTING: Nationwide open population living in urban and rural areas. SUBJECTS: Boys (8545) and girls (9983) from 10 to 18 years participating in the survey. METHODS: Age, weight and height were recorded. Empirical percentiles were calculated and smoothed. Smoothed curves were approximated using least-mean square estimation. RESULTS: Tables and figures for percentile values of weight, height and body mass index (BMI) for age, as well as percentile values of weight and BMI for height for both genders are presented. Regarding 50th BMI for age percentiles, Mexicans had higher levels than the Americans in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts; Mexicans were lower but had similar weights than the Americans. Owing to the high BMI, the percentile corresponding to an overweight level (25 kg/m(2)) at 18 years was 74.5 in boys and 72.5 in girls, whereas obesity level (30 kg/m(2)) at 18 years was 97.3 and 97.4 in boys and girls, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The present growth charts are snapshots of a Mexican population. Because of the high median BMI compared to US and World Health Organization standards, we must be cautious in establishing an upper normal cutoff for clinical normality, not merely selecting the 85th and 95th percentiles as equivalents of overweight and obesity, respectively. Therefore, we proposed percentiles 74.5 in boys and 72.5 in girls as the action points of overweight as they are the percentiles corresponding to BMI 25 kg/m(2) at 18 years. SPONSORSHIP: The survey was supported by the Mexican Minister of Health. Statistical analyses were sponsored by Dr Del-Rio-Navarro.     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among Costa Rican elementary school children.

OBJECTIVE: Given that excessive body weight during childhood influences the development of several chronic diseases in adulthood, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban and rural Costa Rican elementary school children. METHODS: The study was carried out from July 2000 to April 2001. A total of 1 718 students ages 7-12 were selected from 34 schools in the capital city of San José and in other nearby urban and rural areas. Both younger children (ones aged 7 through 9 years) and older children (ones aged 10 through 12 years) with a body mass index (BMI) at or above the sex-specific 85th percentile were considered overweight. The younger children were classified as being obese if their triceps skinfold was greater than or equal to the 85th percentile for age and sex using the percentiles by age for children in the United States of America as normative standards. The older children were considered obese if they had a BMI at or above the sex-specific 85th percentile and both the triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness at or above the 90th percentile. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight was 34.5%. Children aged 7-9, boys, children from urban areas, and children of a higher socioeconomic status had a higher prevalence of overweight. The prevalence of obesity was 26.2%. A higher prevalence of obesity was found among children aged 7-9, boys, children from urban areas, and children of middle socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high prevalence of obesity that we found in the Costa Rican children, primary and secondary prevention measures are needed in order to reduce the proportion of deaths due to chronic nontransmissible diseases among Costa Rican adults in the coming decades.     

High body mass index percentile accurately reflects excess adiposity in white girls

Registered dietitians routinely screen children for overweight and obesity using an age-specific body mass index (BMI) percentile. However, BMI percentile may not be an accurate tool for detecting elevated relative fat mass. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of BMI percentile for identifying “overfatness” in a cohort of 197 white, 9-year-old girls followed for 6 years during 2000-2007. Height, weight, and relative fat mass data from dual x-ray absorptiometry were collected every 2 years, comprising 695 observations of BMI to relative fat mass relationships. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis and age- and sex-specific cutoff values for relative fat mass from the literature, BMI percentile cutoff values could be identified to screen for girls who were considered “overfat” and “obese” with a high sensitivity (69% to 96%) and specificity (83% to 96%). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's BMI cutoff values decreased sensitivity (0 to 76%), but improved specificity (96% to 100%), which may be preferable. Increases in BMI percentile tended to be indicative of increasing adiposity only in girls with a BMI >30th to 40th percentile for age. This study suggests that white girls aged 9 to 15 years with a BMI ≥85th percentile and/or girls with a BMI ≥50th percentile experiencing upward crossing of percentile bands are likely to have excess body fat levels and are good candidates for healthy lifestyle interventions.     

Body Dissatisfaction,Dietary Restraint,Depression, and Weight Status in Adolescents

BACKGROUND: Adolescence may be a crucial period for developing obesity and associated mental health problems. This study examined the relationship of weight status on body image, eating behavior, and depressive symptoms in youth. METHODS: A survey was conducted on 1490 youth attending grades 7–12. Participants completed questionnaires on body image, eating behavior, and mood and were measured for height and weight to calculate body mass index (BMI). Weight classification was based on the International Obesity Task Force guidelines, whereby youth at or above the 95th BMI percentile for age and sex were classified as obese, those between 85th and 94th BMI percentile as overweight, and those between 5th and 84th BMI percentile as normal weight. Several multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs) were conducted to examine these relationships. RESULTS: Clear relationships emerged between body image and weight classification. Obese youth reported higher body dissatisfaction than overweight youth, who reported more body dissatisfaction than normal weight youth. These effects were independent of age and gender. A relationship was also found for dietary restraint and weight status whereby higher restraint scores were associated with greater adiposity. Similarly, obese youth reported greater depressive symptoms, including anhedonia, negative self-esteem, and higher overall depression scores compared with overweight and normal-weight youth. CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathology in obese youth is well known in clinical samples but this study suggests that obese youth in the community may be at increased risk of developing body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, and depressive symptoms compared with overweight or normal weight youth.     

乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族和汉族7～18岁人群体重指数分类标准比较

目的探讨使用偏度-中位数-变异系数法（LMS法）建立并比较乌鲁木齐市7～18岁维吾尔族（维族）和汉族青少年超重、肥胖的体重指数（BMI）分类标准。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，调查新疆乌鲁木齐市7～18岁维、汉族中小学生9146人，绘制两民族7～18岁青少年年龄别、性别BMI百分位曲线，确定18岁时分别通过国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）和中国肥胖问题工作组（WGOC）成年人超重、肥胖标准的特殊百分位数曲线，由此获得两民族7～18岁人群超重和肥胖的界值标准。结果18岁时通过25及30kg／m^2的百分位曲线：维族男生为P94.46和P99.58，维族女生为P92.44和P99.64，汉族男生为P85.05和P97.26，汉族女生为P90.92和P99.03；通过24及28kg／m^2的百分位曲线维族男生为P90.54和P98.86，维族女生为P86.96和P98.77，汉族男生为P78.98和P94.72，汉族女生为P86.15和P97.56。结论BMI分布具有民族特异性；对维族青少年超重、肥胖筛检时建议参考使用该研究标准。