Adenovirus type 7 peptide diversity during outbreak, Korea, 1995-2000

To understand the molecular basis of observed regional shifts in the genome types of adenovirus type 7 (Ad7) isolated in Korea during nationwide outbreaks from 1995 to 2000, the genetic variabilities of Ad7d and Ad7l were studied by sequence analysis of hexon, fiber, E3, and E4 open reading frame (ORF) 6/7 peptides. One amino acid change in the receptor-binding domain of fiber and 6 amino acid variations in E4 ORF 6/7 were identified between 2 genome types, while no variations were found in hexon and E3. Phylogenetic trees based on hexon, fiber, and E4 suggested that the Ad7 epidemic was probably caused by the introduction of the Japanese Ad7d strains. Our data also provide evidence that the rapid divergence of Ad7d to a novel genome type Ad7l could have been due to viral strategies involving multiple sequence changes in E4. This result suggests fiber and E4 ORF 6/7 peptides participate in the evolution of Ad7.     

广州市禽类从业人群禽流感病毒感染特征分析

目的 应用血清流行病学调查广州市禽类从业人群感染禽流感病毒H5N1、H9N2、H7N7的状况,分析其感染特征.方法 采集广州市与禽类接触相关的职业人群血清,包括农贸市场活禽零售与非禽类零售人群、企业化家禽养殖与农村家禽散养人群、活禽批发市场人群、野生鸟驯养人群、生猪屠宰人群以及一般人群,用血凝抑制试验、中和抗体试验检测H5、H9、H7 IgG抗体;使用logistic回归分析、χ2检验分析感染率分布.结果 2881名调查对象中检测出4例H5抗体阳性(0.14%);146例H9抗体阳性(5.07%),其中以活禽零售人群H9感染率最高(14.96%),企业化家禽养殖人群为8.90%,活禽批发人群为6.69%,野生鸟驯养人群为3.75%,生猪养殖人群为2.40%,非禽类零售人群为2.21%,农村家禽散养人群为1.77%,一般人群为2.30%.而1926名禽类从业人群中H7抗体均为阴性.结论 人群中H5感染率较低,而H9感染率较高,未检测到H7感染;活禽零售、家禽批发、企业化家禽养殖等职业具有较高感染禽流感病毒的风险,其中以活禽零售感染风险最高,且接触家禽时间越长感染风险越高.     

老年2型糖尿病患者中非酒精性脂肪性肝病与代谢性指标的相关性

目的 了解老年2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)与代谢性指标的相关性,为NAFLD的治疗及预防提供依据.方法 选取2018年12月1日-2019年12月31日黄石市第二医院就诊的T...     

HIV-1感染中第二受体与艾滋病进程的关系

第二受体在HIV_1感染及病程变化中有着重要作用,HIV_1所利用的第二受体由CCR5转换为CXCR4被认为是病程进展的标志,而X4型HIV_1也与较差的预后相联系。但是近几年的研究使人们对这种第二受体利用的转换有了新的认识,在近半数HIV_1感染者体内并不发生这种转换,但他们大多数会进展为艾滋病。本文就这一问题作了综述。     

趋化因子复合受体在HIV-1感染中的作用

趋化因子复合受体与HIV-1感染关系密切.此文简要回顾了HIV-1复合受体以及它们在病毒膜融合和HIV-1发病机制中的作用,以期为将来研究趋化因子复合受体抗HIV-1感染提供理论依据.     

半枝莲对AFB1致肝细胞凋亡及脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨半枝莲对AFB1致体外肝细胞毒性的保护作用及其机制。方法：通过采用四甲基偶氮唑（MTT）比色法检测AFB1对人肝癌细胞株Huh7.5细胞的生长抑制率,再用MTT法观察半枝莲作用下AFB1诱导的Huh7.5细胞增殖功能的影响,然后检测细胞内丙二醛含量（MDA）、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的水平以观察半枝莲对AFB1引起的Huh7.5细胞凋亡及脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用。结果：AFB1能显著抑制Huh7.5细胞增殖,IC50为15μg/mL;而半枝莲能显著抑制AFB1暴露细胞的凋亡（P〈0.01）。半枝莲能明显降低AFB1作用下肝细胞内MDA含量,提高其SOD活性,与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论：半枝莲对AFB1致Huh7.5细胞损伤具有保护作用,其机制与抑制肝细胞凋亡及对抗脂质过氧化有关。     

Exercise training and selenium or a combined treatment ameliorates aberrant expression of glucose and lactate metabolic proteins in skeletal muscle in a rodent model of diabetes

Exercise training (ET) and selenium (SEL) were evaluated either individually or in combination (COMBI) for their effects on expression of glucose (AMPK, PGC-1α, GLUT-4) and lactate metabolic proteins (LDH, MCT-1, MCT-4, COX-IV) in heart and skeletal muscles in a rodent model (Goto-Kakisaki, GK) of diabetes. Forty GK rats either remained sedentary (SED), performed ET, received SEL, (5 µmol·kg body wt^-1·day^-1) or underwent both ET and SEL treatment for 6 wk. ET alone, SEL alone, or COMBI resulted in a significant lowering of lactate, glucose, and insulin levels as well as a reduction in HOMA-IR and AUC for glucose relative to SED. Additionally, ET alone, SEL alone, or COMBI increased glycogen content and citrate synthase (CS) activities in liver and muscles. However, their effects on glycogen content and CS activity were tissue-specific. In particular, ET alone, SEL alone, or COMBI induced upregulation of glucose (AMPK, PGC-1α, GLUT-4) and lactate (LDH, MCT-1, MCT-4, COX-IV) metabolic proteins relative to SED. However, their effects on glucose and lactate metabolic proteins also appeared to be tissue-specific. It seemed that glucose and lactate metabolic protein expression was not further enhanced with COMBI compared to that of ET alone or SEL alone. These data suggest that ET alone or SEL alone or COMBI represent a practical strategy for ameliorating aberrant expression of glucose and lactate metabolic proteins in diabetic GK rats.     

外周血白细胞AOX1和IRF4基因甲基化与乳腺癌关系的病例对照研究

目的 探讨外周血中醛氧化酶1（AOX1）和干扰素调节因子4（IRF4）基因甲基化及其和相关环境因素的交互作用与乳腺癌发病的关系。方法 采用病例对照研究,选择2010－2014年纳入的401例乳腺癌病例和555例对照作为研究对象,使用高分辨率熔解曲线法检测AOX1和IRF4基因甲基化水平。应用非条件logistic回归分析基因甲基化水平及其和环境因素的相乘交互作用与乳腺癌的关系,采用Excel软件分析其相加交互作用。结果 AOX1非甲基化的个体发生乳腺癌风险是携带AOX1甲基化个体的1.37倍（95% CI：1.02～1.84）。AOX1甲基化与食用菌类（OR=2.06,95% CI：1.12～3.79）和运动（OR=2.18,95% CI：1.16～4.09）存在协同相乘交互作用,均未发现相加交互作用。IRF4非甲基化能够增加乳腺癌发病风险（OR=1.71,95% CI：0.99～7.43）;IRF4甲基化与环境因素无相乘和相加交互作用。结论 AOX1和IRF4非甲基化可能是乳腺癌发生的危险因素。     

免疫调节因子B7-H4在恶性肿瘤的表达研究

B7-H4是B7免疫球蛋白超级家族中最新证实的成员之一,表达于抗原提呈细胞(APC)等多种免疫细胞表面.B7-H4通过抑制T细胞增殖、细胞周期进展以及细胞因子的合成而发挥下调T细胞免疫功能的作用.B7-H4在多种恶性肿瘤巾有异常表达.就B7-H4的一般生物学特点、免疫调节作用机制、其表达水平与恶性肿瘤的生物学行为的关系做一概述,此方面的研究有助于认识B7-H4与恶性肿瘤的发生发展机制,寻找恶性肿瘤的早期诊断指标,以及基凶的靶向治疗方法.     

Chimpanzee adenovirus vector-based avian influenza vaccine completely protects mice against lethal challenge of H5N1

Highly pathogenic avian H5N1 viruses may give rise to the next influenza pandemic due to their reassortment and mutation of the genome. Vaccine against this virus is important for coping with its potential threat. Chimpanzee adenovirus (Ad) vectors are a novel type of vaccine vectors that share the advantages of human serotype Ad vectors but without being affected by pre-existing human neutralizing antibody to the vaccine vector. Based on a replication-deficient chimpanzee Ad vector, AdC7, we generated a novel H5N1 vaccine candidate AdC7-H5HA that expresses H5N1 Hemagglutinin (HA). When tested in mice, the vaccine significantly reduced the virus load and pathological lesions in the lung tissues, and conferred complete protection against lethal challenge by a homologous virus. Mechanistically, the AdC7-H5HA vaccine can induce both HA-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice. Also, sera transfer experiments demonstrated that neutralizing antibodies alone could provide protection. In conclusion, our results show that chimpanzee Ad vector expressing influenza virus HA may represent a promising vaccine candidate for H5N1 viruses and other influenza virus subtypes.