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太湖水体微藻毒素含量调查及其处理方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
水体的富营养化导致水体中微囊藻肝毒素(MicrocystinMC)剧增。本研究采用间接竞争的ELISA法对全太湖及太湖水厂地进出水进行了为期一年的调查,并对如何有效消除MC进行了实验研究,结果显示:太湖水中MC污染严重,尤其以夏季7、8、9月为甚,出厂水中有时也有一定浓度的MC;消除方法的研究发现臭氧、活性炭的效果较好,而氯化和紫外线则须在较高条件下才能达到理想效果。 相似文献
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太湖水域及鱼类体内微囊藻毒素的调查 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的 了解太湖水中微囊藻毒素(MC)的污染情况.方法 于2001年7、11月采集太湖水样12件,每件50ml,装入灭菌的塑料瓶中;捕捉鲤形目和鲶形目的主要鱼种7属,共计28尾.用ELISA法对太湖源水的水样和鱼样进行MC含量的检测.结果 太湖水样均检出MC.7月水样MC含量均值为9874.8pg/ml,高于11月(142.8pg/ml),差异有统计学意义(t=3.305,P=0.003).主要鱼类体内均检出MC.其中,肝脏中MC的含量均值为27.84ng/g,高于肌肉中MC的含量均值(3.97ng/g),差异有统计学意义(t=5.933,P=0.001).结论 太湖水域中的自然水体和鱼体内已不同程度地含有MC. 相似文献
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太湖流域水中微囊藻毒素含量调查 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:15
目的:了解有毒蓝藻水华频繁暴发的太湖流域周边城市水源水和饮用水中微囊藻毒素(MC)的含量。方法:采用50ng/L检出限地酶联免疫吸附试验,于2001年7月对江苏无锡10个调查点的水样MC含量进行测定。共收集水样90份,其中以太湖水或深井水为源水的7个自来水厂的水源厂、出厂水合11份,末梢水48份,浅井水17份,河水3份。结果:太湖水来源的8份水源水中均检出高浓度MC,其范围在2699-14188ng/L之间,源水处理后仍检出微量毒素(<100ng/L);深井源水、出厂水和末梢水均末检出毒素;浅井水MC检出率为29.4%,其浓度范围在64-323ng/L之间;仅1份河水检出MC。结论:采用常规饮水处理措施不足以完全去除水华时期水体中的MC,需进一步对该地区饮水MC污染危险性进行评价。 相似文献
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饮用水中微囊藻毒素检测研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
饮用水水体的营养化程度的加剧导致藻类产生"水华",其产生的微囊藻毒素(Microcystin, MC)对人类造成极大威胁.本文简述了影响水体中MC产生的内因和外因,重点综述了国内外在分析与检测MC方面各种不同的研究方法和技术,对其优缺点进行了比较,并提出MC检测的发展方向. 相似文献
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无锡太湖水域藻类毒素污染与人群健康关系研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
[目的 ] 揭示无锡太湖水域藻类毒素污染现状 ,初步探讨微囊藻毒素 (Microcystin ,MC)对人群肝脏酶影响和与消化道恶性肿瘤死亡率的关系。 [方法 ] 设暴露组和非暴露组 ,调查水样和鱼样MC含量及消化道肿瘤死亡率。 [结果 ] 水样总的阳性率为 2 9.35 %,均值为 14 13.0 2pg/mL ,太湖水阳性率最高为 10 0 %,深井水最安全。 7种鱼类MC阳性率为 10 0 %,肝脏中MC均值高于肌肉 ,分别为 2 8.8ng/ g和 4.0ng/ g。肝脏酶指标GGT和AP暴露组高于非暴露组 ,差异有极显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。随着水中MC暴露等级的升高 ,男性各部位合计肿瘤标化死亡率也升高 ,而女性不明显。 [结论 ] 无锡太湖水域MC污染严重 ,常规水处理不能将毒素完全去除 ,MC污染饮水—湖中生物—动物链状危险确已存在 ,对人群健康已构成一定威胁 ,必须引起重视。 相似文献
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淀山湖及鄱阳湖水体中微囊藻毒素的污染 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 了解淀山湖、鄱阳湖水体浮游藻类和藻类毒素的污染情况.方法 于2000年7、10月在鄱阳湖和淀山湖各设置5个采样点,采集水样进行藻类计数,采用ELISA方法测定水样中微囊藻毒素(MC)的含量.结果 淀山湖、鄱阳湖10月水中蓝藻百分比均高于7月.淀山湖、鄱阳湖10月水样中MC的含量均高于7月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).不同采样点水中MC含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01).7、10月淀山湖水中MC含量均高于鄱阳湖,经t检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 蓝藻已成为淀山湖、鄱阳湖水的优势藻种,淀山湖、鄱阳湖水存在MC污染. 相似文献
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目的 了解环太湖水体中微囊藻毒素(MC-LR)的污染和分布状况,为生活饮用水安全性预警提供决策依据,为自来水的深度处理提供理论支持.方法 在太湖水体中设置15个采样点,2009年7月~2010年6月期间每月采集一次样品,采用高灵敏时间分辨荧光免疫分析法(TRFIA)检测各样品中MC-LR的浓度情况.结果 太湖水体中MC-LR浓度高峰出现在10月份,枯水期浓度显著高于丰水期.此外,太湖北部和西部水体中MC-LR的污染状况较东部、南部以及中部严重.结论 太湖水体已受到MC-LR的污染且污染程度存在时间和地域差异,为保障饮用水安全,应改善自来水深度处理工艺和加强枯水期水质监测. 相似文献
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生活及工农业生产中含有大量氮、磷的废污水进入水体后,藻类大量繁殖,其中微囊藻属、鱼腥藻属、颤藻属、念珠藻属等代谢产生的微囊藻毒素(Microcystin,MC)是淡水水体藻毒素污染中范围最广、危害最严重的藻毒素[1]。近20年来,我国湖泊水库富营养化发展迅速,滇池、太湖、武汉东湖、云南 相似文献
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Fu-Gang Xiao Xiao-Lian Zhao Jian Tang Xiao-Hong Gu Jing-Ping Zhang Wei-Min Niu 《Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology》2009,82(2):230-233
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a heptapeptide hepatotoxin produced by cyanobacteria. Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) column
was prepared with CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B and monoclonal antibody of MC-LR. Water sample was cleaned up by IAC column
and the content of MC-LR in water was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results suggested
that the IAC column exhibited highly selective specificity for MC-LR and selective removed interference from complex water
sample. Water sample was concentrated for 2,000-fold through once purification. Cyanobacterial blooms had broken out in 2007
in Lake Tai, the third largest freshwater lake in China. Water samples from two parts of Lake Tai had been analyzed. The highest
concentration of MC-LR in water from Lake Tai was 0.522 μg/L. 相似文献
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淡水湖泊周围水厂源水及出厂水微囊藻毒素的季节性调查 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14
目的:了解淡水湖泊周围水厂源水及出厂水的微囊藻毒素(MC)污染状况及季节性变化。方法:对7个水厂源水及出厂水进行全年季节性采样,采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测水中MC的含量。结果:7个水厂的源水均检测出MC9其浓度范围在54-1865ng/L之间,并且8月份MC含量明显高于其它月份。SY水厂源水全年MC含量均超过50ng/L,DG、JZ两水厂8月出厂检测出低浓度MC(92-132ng/L)。结。夏季是某湖周围水厂源水MC污染的高峰季节。常规饮水消毒方法不能完全消除水中的MC。 相似文献
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Fu-Gang Xiao Xiao-Lian Zhao Jian Tang Xiao-Hong Gu Jing-Ping Zhang Wei-Min Niu 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》2009,57(2):256-263
Water chestnut is one of the most popular vegetables in Asian countries that grows in shallow water. Eighteen water chestnut
samples were collected from Lake Tai and six samples were bought at markets in Wuxi, China, in October 2007. Extraction solution
of water chestnut was cleaned up with a solid phase extraction column and immunoaffinity chromatography cartridges, then the
microcystin (MC) level was detected by indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography-mass
spectrometry (LC-MS). The results of ELISA showed that there were six samples collected from Lake Tai which contained MCs;
the highest level of total MCs was 7.02 ng/g. The results of LC-MS confirmed that MC-LR and MC-RR were present in five samples.
The highest level of MC-LR was 1.02 ng/g and that of MC-RR was 4.44 ng/g. Heavy cyanobacterial blooms had occurred, and MCs
were detected in water at the points in Lake Tai where MCs occurred in water chestnuts collected in 2007. MCs were not detected
in the six samples bought at Wuxi markets. The results suggest that MCs can accumulate in water chestnuts, which is a potential
hazard for human health. 相似文献
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饮用水源藻类及其毒素污染与消化系统肿瘤的关系 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:11
目的 分析江苏省饮用水源富营养化现状,探讨藻类及其毒素污染与消化道肿瘤的关系。方法 对近期江苏省水源水质评价的监测资料和公开发表的论资料进行整理和再分析。理化指标检测按“生活饮用水标准检验法”GB5750—85进行。藻类数量种群和叶绿素分级评价按(湖泊富营养化调查规范)进行。藻类毒素用竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法进行测定。结果 水源水中藻类种届主要为蓝藻门、隐藻门、硅藻门、绿藻门。富营养化严重程度依次为太湖、骆马湖、北山水库、如东内河和运河,最低是长江(贫营养)。不同饮用水源类型中藻毒素含量阳性率高低顺序是:太湖水源水、沟塘水、河水、浅井,而深井水为0,太湖水为水源的水厂其出厂水有阳性。饮用不同水源的肝癌死亡串高低顺序为沟塘水、河水和浅井水,这与藻毒素污染程度一致。全省9个消化道肿瘤高发县均为太湖、洪泽湖流域和水网地区,而低发地区为非水网地区或多山地区。结论 江苏省饮用水源藻类及藻毒素污染已成为水源水质普遍恶化的重要因素。藻类污染的优势种群突出,富营养化程度比较严重。藻类及藻毒素污染与人群消化道肿瘤有联系。 相似文献
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目的研究2009年7月-2010年6月一年间,环太湖地区微囊藻毒素-LR同主要污染物监测指标之间的相关性。方法通过对环太湖地区21个监测点的微囊藻毒素-LR、藻类密度、水温,pH,溶解氧,高锰酸盐指数,氨氮,总氮,总磷,氮磷比,叶绿素a,硝酸盐氮,总有机碳进行连续监测,按照GB3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅱ类水体限值进行评价,采用SPSS15.0统计软件对微囊藻毒素-LR与主要污染指标进行相关性分析。结果发现最严重的污染指标是总氮,年平均值是Ⅱ类水限制的5.84倍。结论微囊藻毒素-LR同高锰酸盐指数,藻类密度,总有机碳呈统计学正相关。 相似文献
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消除水中蓝绿藻肝毒素研究进展 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
近年来蓝绿藻水华日趋普遍,而由其产生的微囊藻肝毒素已证实具有很强的肝毒性,与人类健康损害密切相关,因此饮用水中毒素的去除受普遍关注。学者们对应用各种物理、化学、生物学的方法去除MC的效果进行了广泛评价,结果显示:活性炭、膜处理藻细胞内外的毒素效果均较好;臭氧、氯化、紫外线等去除细胞外毒素效果较好,但应用剂量不足时,有可能起细菌裂,毒素释放。 相似文献
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Meyer KJ Appletoft CM Schwemm AK Uzoigwe JC Brown EJ 《Journal of environmental health》2005,68(1):25-30
Public health departments bear the responsibility for investigating recreational water-associated disease outbreaks. Tracking the source of the disease is often problematic, however, because routine monitoring of recreational waters (for bacterial counts) is not source specific. The intent of the project reported here was to monitor Escherichia coli levels in a small recreational lake in Iowa and to determine their source. The authors monitored water samples for E. coli and used phenotypic methods to analyze multiple samples of lake water, well water, and known fecal sources. Moderate to high levels of E. coli were found in lake water samples from the swimming area throughout the summer. The highest levels of E. coli were found after rainfall events in both lake water samples and samples taken from monitoring wells. Phenotypic analyses indicated that likely sources of E. coli in the lake included both human and wildlife (goose) fecal material. The authors also found that the phenotype used to characterize E. coli isolated from geese frequenting this lake could not be used to characterize E. coli isolated from geese in a neighboring watershed. Identifying the source of fecal material will help authorities implement the proper preventive measures to avoid fecal contamination of the lake in the future. 相似文献