The accuracy of parents' perceptions of children of divorceThe accuracy of parents' perceptions of children of divorce†

The present study investigated the relationship between the self‐reported attitudes and adjustment of young children of divorce (N = 48) and their parents' (N = 48) perception of this adjustment. When compared to a nuclear family control group (N = 49), the divorced parents were able to accurately assess their children's current attitudes about the family situation with the following three exceptions: child's self‐rating of feeling upset, sad or worried; current behavior problems at school; and estimates of father's emotional state. Analysis of errors made by the divorced parents revealed their tendency to over‐estimate the children's level of concern in these and other areas.

     

Validity of self-reports of psychopathology from children of 4–11 years of age

Abstract

Self-reports from children below primary age are rarely used in assessments of psychopathology. This study uses a version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), previously validated for children 11–15 years, to assess the internal validity of self-reports of psychopathology from primary aged children. The SDQ was completed by primary aged children (N?=?1118). The sample consisted of children who had been referred to a school counselling service. The internal validity and the factor analytical structure of the child self-reports was examined. Self-reports given by infant school-aged children (4–7 years) did not fit well with predicted factor structures, indicating that they may not have been able to report consistently or accurately on their own emotions and behaviour. However, results indicated that junior school-aged (7–11 years) children may be able to report accurately on their own symptomology. These children's reports appeared to distinguish well between internalising and externalising symptoms and fitted the hypothesized structure. However, there was some question of whether children are able to distinguish hyperactivity from other types of psychopathology. This study indicated that junior school-aged children may be able to report reliably on some aspects of their emotional and behaviour difficulties.     

Socio-political aspects of the implantation of the Transplant Center of Piauí

A qualitative study aiming at understanding the socio-political aspects that mediate the implantation of the Transplant Center of Piauí, identify the social topics involved in this implantation and analyze the participation of the organized civil society. Ten people directly related to the implantation of the transplant center were involved in the study, selected through the "snowball" technique. A loosely structured interview, taped, transcribed and submitted for thematic analysis was used. It was concluded that the implantation of the transplant center in Piauí was the fruit of a complex series of negotiations and interests among the State and organized civil society, as there was no political project for action in the area of transplants. This distancing from the responsibility of the public sector characterizes the importance that was given to this implantation.     

Analysis of the cost-effectiveness of the implementation of Indoor Residual Spraying and distribution of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets in the municipality of Kouandé and municipality of Copargo in Benin

Background

In Benin, malaria was the leading cause of hospital consultation for children less than 5 years old (47.2%), and for all patients not hospitalized (42.3%). Its incidence among those who attended a health facility was respectively 42.9% and 17%. To address this problem, the National Program for the Fight against Malaria undertook, in 2011, a mass campaign of distribution of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs). In addition to this strategy, the program decided to implement Indoor Residual Spraying in 7 of the 9 municipalities of Atacora department, which is one of the most malaria endemic areas. The objective of this study was to see if adding the IRS to the LLINs (municipality of Kouandé) strategy is cost-effective, as compared to the LLINs-only strategy (municipality of Copargo), in highly malaria endemic areas.

Method

This study was a cross-sectional study of the implementation of the IRS from June 2011 to July 2011. Regarding the selection of health workers, managers of the malaria program, and partners of implementation of the IRS, a reasoned choice was made. The data collection consisted mainly of a series of interviews with people responsible for resource management and the exploitation of documents provided by them.

Results

After the implementation of LLNs + IRS the annual incidence of malaria in health facilities decreased significantly at Kouandé-Centre and at Guilmaro. In the same period it increased significantly at Copargo- Centre, and decreased at Pabégou.The average cost per malaria case prevented (CE) was respectively 85,572.4 FCFA at Copargo Centre, 38,932.6 FCFA at Kouandé Centre, 15,940.6 FCFA at Pabégou and 174,728.5 FCFA at Guilmaro. According to the results, the CE ratio at Kouandé-Centre is lower than the CE ratio at Copargo- Centre and the CE ratio at Guilmaro is higher than the CE ratio at Pabégou.The LLINs?+?IRS strategy is more cost effective in urban areas than the LLINs-only strategy. The opposite result is observed in rural areas.

Conclusion

The LLINs?+?IRS strategy is cost effective in highly endemic areas both urban and rural, if communities sleep in sprayed structures and use LLINs even when it is hot.

     

Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Councilors S邑eng Z回iyong’M.D.Jia Rumei,M.D. *【gg二ZgZ回OItg,D.*C.(Btuitg,*hna)G卜Uigzbuang,c卜m) (砰iiing,China)CMn Xuecun,M.D.Wang Jifu,M.D. Chen Minzhang,M.D.(Betting,China)(Guangzhou,China) (E吃iiing,China)Gu Z回uoyun,M.D、Z回ac Bing回u邑,M.D. I Liy Y00000,M,I)。(BOijin.China)(Taiyuan,China) O企iiing,China)Z回aug Siyuan,M.D.He Ruixiangng,M.D.Honorary Editor in Chief(Beijing,Chil。a)(Beijing,China) Wu Weiran,M、D.Huang De-clang,M.D.He Guizhen,丑.S. (Beliin…     

Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Councilors Qian Xinzhong, D. SC. (Beijing, China) Chen Minzhang, M. D (Beijing, China) Liao Youmou, M. D. (Beijing, China)     

Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Councilors Sheng Zhiyong, M. D. Jia Rumei, M. D. Qian Xinzhong, D. SC. (Beijing, China) (Shijiazhuang, China) (Beijing, China) Chen Xuecun, M.D. Wang Jifu, M. D. Chen Minzhang, M.D. (Beijing, China) (Guangzhou, China)     

Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

COllllCil（）YQianXinzhong,D.SC.（Beijing,China）ChenMinzhang,M.D.（Be6ng,China）Li3OYOllffioll,MD.（eJing,CllinZI）HonoraryEditorinChieWuWeira血,M.D.（BeUng,China）WangBn’,.n,iD.（BeUng,China）EditorinchiefJiangZhuming,M.D.（ZhuMing。hang）（Beting,China）EditorialStaffHeRuixiang,MD.（BeUng,China）ZhangLingyuan,M.D.（e6ng,CI。na）SunZhongmin,MD.（Be6ng,China）wangGuiying,M.D.（Beting,China）AssociateEditorinChiefWangYu,M.D.（于b…ng,＊hna）XisSUISh6llg,M.D.…     

Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

CouncilorsQian Xinzhong,D.SC.(Beijing,China)Chen Minzhang,M.D.(Beijing,China)Liao Youmou M.D.(Beijing,Chain)Honorary Editor in ChiefWu Weiran,M.D.(Beijing,China)Wang Baoen M.D.(Beijing,Chain)     

Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Councliors Qian Xinzhong, D. SC.(Beijing,China) Chen Minzhang, M. D.(Beijing,China) Liao Youmou, M. D.(Beijing,Chain)     

Guidelines for Selection of Recipients of IUNS Awards

<正> 1. The Award will be given for outstanding contributions to the nutrition of regional or global significance by an individual working in a developing country.2. The President will appoint a chairperson and a committee of not less than 5 members of IUNS to consider nominations for IUNS Awards. The committee will have geographic representation and will be anonymous.     

Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

C000liOO Sheng Zhiyong,M.D Jia Ruml,M.D. Qian Xinzhong,D.SC.Being,China)(Shijiazhuans,Chaina) (Beoin,China) ChenXuecum,M.D.Wangjifu,M.D. C回en inzhang,M.D.(Beijins,China)(Guanszhou,China) (Beijing,China)GuZhlloyun,M.D.ZhaoBlllghua,M.D. Llao Youmu,M.D.(Beliing,China)(Tiguan,China) (Besin,Chain) ZhanngsiyUaan,M.D.HanRuiXIXg,M·D·HOnorary Editor in Chief(Beijing,China)(Beijing,China) Wu Weran,M.D.Huang DelangtM.D.He Guizhen,B·S· (Beijing,China)(Shanghai,China…     

Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Councilors Sheng Xhiyong,M.D.Jia Rumei,M.D. QianXinzhong,D.SC.Beijing,China)(Shijiazhuang,Chaina) (Be…ng,China) Chen Xuecum,M.D.Wang Jifu,M.D. Chen Minzhang,M.D.(Be…ng,China)(Guangzhou,China) (Be…ng,China)Gu Zblloyun,M.D.Zhao Binghua,M.D. Li。Y。mou,M.D.(Beijing,China)(Taiyuan,China) (Beijins,Chain)Zhans Sisuan,M.D.He Ruixians,M.D.H00000y*mNO Zfi*mfi正(Beijing,*hna)(Be…ng(卜*) Wu Weiran,M.D.Huang De-clang,M.D.He Guiz回e几 B.S. (Beijing,China)(Shanghai, Chin…     

Evaluation of risk of thrombosis during use of low-dose ethinylestradiol—desogestrel oral contraceptive

Thirty healthy young women, non-smokers and of normal weight, used a combined oral contraceptive consisting of 20 g ethinylestradiol and 150 g desogestrel for 9 cycles. Before and during the 3rd, 6th and 9th cycles of contraceptive use, the following parameters were measured: triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and B, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, protein C, plasminogen, antiplasmin, tissue plasminogen activator, platelet count, platelet aggregation, -thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4. The ratios of total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A/B remained constant or showed only a slight increase. The clotting/fibrinolytic balance showed a similar trend. There was however, an inconstant but significant increase in antithrombin III and protein C. Platelet count and platelet function parameters were unmodified. Hence the contraceptive induced no substantial changes in lipid balance or blood clotting, at least during the study period.

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Resumen Treinta mujeres jóvenes, en buen estado de salud, no fumadoras y de peso normal, utilizaron durante 9 ciclos un anticonceptivo oral combinado de 20 g de etinilestradiol y 150 g de desogestrel. Antes y durante los ciclos tercero, sexto y noveno de utilización de este anticonceptivo, se midieron los siguientes parámetros: triglicéridos, colesterol total, colesterol HDL, apolipoproteína A y B, tiempo de protrombina, timepo de tromboplastina parcial, fibrinógeno, antitrombina III, proteína C, plasminógeno, antiplasmina, activador plasminógeno tisular, recuento de plaquetas, agregación de plaquetas, -tromboglobulina y factor 4 de las plaquetas. Las relaciones colesterol total/colesterol HDL y apolipoproteína A/B permanecieron constantes o bien mostraron un ligero aumento. Se observó la misma tendencia en el equilibrio coagulación/fibrinólisis. Sin embargo, se observó un aumento no constante pero significativo de la antitrombina III y la proteína C. El recuento de plaquetas y los parámetros de función de las plaquetas no sufrieron modificaciones. En consecuencia, el anticonceptivo no provocó ningún cambio importante en el equilibrio de los lípidos o en la coagulación de la sangre, al menos durante el período de estudio.

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Resumé Trente jeunes femmes en bonne santé, non fumeuses et de pids normal, ont utilisé durant 9 cycles un contraceptif oral combiné de 20 g d'éthinyloestradiol et 150 g de désogestrel. Avant et pendant les troisième, sixième et neuvième cycles de l'utilisation de ce produit, on a mesuré les paramètres suivants: triglycérides, cholestérol total, cholestérol-HDL, apolipoprotéines A et B, temps de prothrombine, temps de thromboplastine, fibrinogène, antithrombine III, protéine C, plasminogène, antiplasmine, plasmonigène-proactivateur, numération des plaquettes, agrégation des plaquettes, thromboglobuline- et facteur 4 des plaquettes. Les rapports cholestérol total/cholestérol-HDL et apolipoprotéines A/B sont restés constants ou ont légèrement augmenté. On a observé la même tendance pour l'équilibre coagulation/fibrinolyse. On a cependant constaté une hausse inconstante mais significative de l'antithrombine III et des protéines C. La numération des plaquettes et les paramètres de la fonction plaquettaire sont restés inchangés. Le contraceptif n'a donc provoqué aucun changement important de l'équilibre des lipides ou de la coagulation sanguine, pour le moins durant la période d'étude.