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1.
在社区人群糖尿病流行特征调查资料的基础上,对199例女性Ⅱ型糖尿病患者进行了1∶2匹配病例对照研究,应用条件Logistic回归模型进行有关影响因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果显示:高血压病史、肥胖(腰臀围比值或体重指数)及糖尿病家族史是女性人群糖尿病发生的主要危险因素,OR值分别为1.36、1.60和2.39,其中反映向心型肥胖的腰臀围比值(WHR)较单纯体重指数(BMI)更能反映肥胖对糖尿病的危险性。同时发现多食新鲜水果和较强的体力活动为糖尿病的保护因素,OR值分别为0.80和0.81。  相似文献   

2.
在社区人群糖尿病流行特征调查资料的基础上,对199例女性糖尿病患进行了1:2匹配病例对照研究,应用条件Logistic回归模型进行有关影响因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果显示:高血压病史、肥胖(腰臀围比值或体重指数)及糖尿病家族史是女性人群糖尿病发生的主要危险因素,OR值分别为1.36,1.60和2.39,其中反映向心型肥胖的腰臀围比值(WHR)较单纯体重指数(BMI)更能反映肥胖对糖尿病的危险性  相似文献   

3.
中老年人高脂血症危险因素的病例对照研究   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
本文对仪化公司197名高脂血症病例和123名血脂正常者作病例对照研究,对研究对象的文化程度、烟酒茶嗜好、饮食嗜好、家族及个人患病史、体力活动、体重等因素与高脂血症危险程度进行分析,结果显示:腰臀比(WHR)是中老年人高脂血症的首要因素,体质指数(BMI)是引起高脂血症的另一重要因素(WHR:OR=2.413,95%Cl:1.990~2.926;BMI:OR=1.751,95%Cl:1.481~2.090),除此之外,体力活动过少(t=2.79,P<0.05)及吃肉较多(r=0.1214,P<0.05),也是中老年人高脂血症不可忽视的危险因素,本次调查资料未发现吸烟、高血压与高脂血症的关系。  相似文献   

4.
妊娠期糖尿病危险因素分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为了探讨发生妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素,对1988~1993年北医大一院确诊为妊娠期糖尿病的112例进行了总结分析。采用1∶1配对病例对照研究,配对条件是孕妇年龄相近(±2岁),同年同月同医院分娩。配对单因素分析表明:糖尿病家族史、慢性高血压、自然流产史、不良产史、孕次及肥胖是妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素,条件Logistic回归分析引入方程的因素有糖尿病家族史(OR=15.07)、肥胖(OR=3.99)及孕次(OR=2.58),表明这些因素具有独立的作用  相似文献   

5.
目的 探索临界高血压发生的危险因素,为开展高血压的一级预防提供依据。方法 对240例临界高血压1:1病例对照调查资料进行多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果 定α=0.05水平,运算结果最终进入回归方程的因素有5个,高血压家族史(OR=4.21)、体重指数(OR=5.16)、饮食嗜碱(OR=3.08)、经常饮酒(OR=2.57)、经常进行体育锻炼(OR=0.42)。结论 高血压家族史、超重、饮  相似文献   

6.
2型糖尿病危险因素的非条件Logistic回归分析   总被引:20,自引:6,他引:14  
采用频数匹配病例对照研究方法,随机选择徐州市2型糖尿病新诊断病例185例和人群对照197例,对研究因素进行单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果表明,腰臂比大(OR=3.07)、糖尿病阳性家族史(OR=2.65)、主食摄入量大(OR=3.45)、经常性甜食摄入(OR=2.73)、肉类摄入量大(OR=2.30)、经常性牛奶摄入(OR=2.19)、A型性格(OR=2.65)、高血压(OR=  相似文献   

7.
徐州市2型糖尿病危险因素的Logistic回归分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的 研究徐州市2型糖尿病的主要危险因素,为2型糖尿病的预防和干预提供科学依据。方法 运用频数匹配病例对照研究方法,随机选择徐州2型糖尿病新诊断病例185例和医院对照201例,对研究因素进行单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果 糖尿病阳性家族史(OR=8.90)、体质指数大(OR=2.19)、腰臀比大(OR=4.86)、主食摄入量大(OR=4.32)、经常性甜食摄入(OR=2.26)  相似文献   

8.
天津市女性糖尿病危险因素初步研究   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10  
对天津市区居民121例女性非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)病例进行了1:1配对病例对照研究。经条件Logistic回归模型分析,发现与NIDDM有关的危险因素是:经济收入高(OR一3.48,95%CI=2.02~5.98)、糖尿病家族史(OR=6.37,95%CI=2.92~13.89)、既往相关病史(OR=6.92,95%CI=3.25~14.73)、绝经年龄晚(OR=3,39,95%CI=2.15~5.35)、嗜甜食(OR=3.56,95%CI=2.29~5.54)、肥胖(OR=16.32,95%CI=6.02~44.23)及BMI大(OR=2.08,95%CI=1.52~2.85)。同时还发现,体育锻炼(OR=0.36,=31.47,P<0.01)和蔬菜、水果等是保护性因素。  相似文献   

9.
Ⅱ型糖尿病的早期危险因素研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对湖南长沙市4所医院中的200对Ⅱ型糖尿病(Non-Insulin-IndependentDiabetesMelitus,NID-DM)和非Ⅱ型糖尿病进行1∶1病例对照研究,调查其少儿阶段的暴露情况,采用条件Logistic回归分析。结果显示:NIDDM的早期危险因素有:油炸食物(Bi=2.495,OR=12.122)、甜食(Bi=2.369,OR=10.687)、腮腺炎史(Bi=2.239,OR=9.300)、饥饿(Bi=1.065,OR=2.901)以及暴饮暴食(Bi=0.849,OR=2.377);而蔬菜(Bi=-2.313,OR=0.100)对NIDDM有保护作用。提示少儿阶段的生活饮食因素和病毒感染很可能与Ⅱ型糖尿病的发生有密切关系,因此,NIDDM的预防要从小抓起,提倡少儿阶段合理平衡饮食,积极预防病毒感染,是早期预防Ⅱ型糖尿病的重要对策。  相似文献   

10.
2型糖尿病患者不同时期危险因素的比较研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
调查200对按1:1配对的2型糖尿病和对照在少儿阶段和成年阶段的饮食等暴露情况,条件Logistic回归分析的结果表明,少儿阶段的危险因素有:油炸食物(Bi=2.495,Bs-0.933,OR-12.122),甜食(Bi=2.369,Bs=0.913,OR=10.687),饥饿(Bi=1.065,Bs=0.825,OR=2.901),腮腺炎病史(Bi=2.230,Bs=0.701,OR=9.300  相似文献   

11.
Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.  相似文献   

12.
This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.  相似文献   

13.
深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.  相似文献   

14.
Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO2. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO2 at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO2 gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2 also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2.  相似文献   

15.
Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.  相似文献   

16.
The risk of heat exhaustion at a deep underground metalliferous mine was assessed in relation to thermal conditions prevailing on the surface. For each day of a 1-year prospective case series of heat exhaustion, surface 24-h mean wet and dry bulb temperatures were recorded. From this data, 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperatures were derived using certain assumptions. The three surface temperature variables were significantly higher on those days on which heat exhaustion occurred, compared to those days on which it did not occur (P < 0.001). The relative risk of heat exhaustion on days when the 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperature was in the range 26.0-28.0 degrees C was 4.82 (95% confidence interval 2.12-10.96). Surface temperature data could be used at this mine to warn miners about the risk of heat exhaustion.  相似文献   

17.
Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).  相似文献   

18.

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.  相似文献   

19.
20.
Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.  相似文献   

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