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张晓欧 《中国工业医学杂志》2019,32(2):133-134
锦州市2012—2017年间共诊断职业病58例,死亡1例。其中尘肺30例(51.72%)、职业性化学中毒23例(39.65%),职业病病例主要分布在采矿业和制造业。提示上述行业为本市职业病的重点防控行业。 相似文献
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目的 掌握某工业型城市女工职业病发病现状和特点,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法 收集研究地区2006 - 2017年女工职业病报告数据,以确诊职业病病例为分析对象,按职业病种类、地区、经济类型、行业、规模等进行分析。结果 8 360家用人单位共有接害女工67 066人,占女性职工总数的67.2%;2006 - 2017年共诊断报告各类女工职业病216例,尘肺病137例(占63.4%),重点发病地区为博山区、张店区和淄川区,重点发病行业为制造业,女工职业病例在私有企业及小型企业分别占38.4%和32.4%;女工职业病发病平均年龄45.7(41.1~50.1)岁,平均接害工龄13.4(7.0~19.9)年。结论 该地区女工职业病分布呈现区域和行业聚集性,尘肺为职业病主要病种,且尘肺病发病趋于年轻化,尘肺潜伏期缩短。应加强重点地区、重点行业的职业病危害防控力度,有效预防和控制女工职业病的发生。 相似文献
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某煤炭企业职业病预防控制的经济与社会效益 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
煤炭行业是我国职业病危害的重点行业。我们从某矿业集团有限公司下属煤炭企业职业病预防控制(以下简称防控)基线调查入手,分析煤炭企业职业病成因,总结职业病防控经验,提出职业病防控改进方法,为制定职业危害控制和相关疾病防治策略提供基础资料。 相似文献
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采用职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测等方法,对2017年北京市某桥梁厂职业病危害现状展开调查。结果显示,劳动者接触的其他粉尘、矽尘、电焊烟尘、锰及其化合物、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、臭氧、电焊弧光、手传振动检测结果符合国家职业接触限值,66.7%的岗位噪声声级不符合国家职业接触限值。该桥梁厂整体职业病危害控制效果良好,部分岗位噪声危害控制效果较差,需重点防控。 相似文献
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根据各地区上报的职业病监测信息,对5 145家重点职业病危害因素接触企业的重点职业病危害相关信息、职业健康检查情况及职业病报告情况进行描述与分析。结果显示,2017年共报告重点职业病424例,主要为煤工尘肺和矽肺。5 145家重点职业病危害因素企业数占辖区全部职业病危害因素企业的45. 4%,主要行业分布在制造业和采矿业,企业规模以小型和微型为主,经济类型以私有和国有企业为主。收集在岗期间个案卡43 655份,其中接触噪声最多,其次为矽尘。检出职业禁忌证514人,以接触噪声人数最多、检出率最高;检出疑似职业病417人,接触煤尘人数最多;专项指标异常检出3 175人,以噪声接触者最多。提示辖区主要职业病危害接触以煤尘、矽尘和噪声为主,应加强对采矿和制造行业的职业病防治工作。 相似文献
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目的通过分析2013—2017年红河州部分企业有毒有害作业工人健康监护现状,为红河州有毒有害作业工人健康监护工作提出防控措施。方法依托《职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统》中2013—2017年上报数据,对辖区内接触有毒有害作业的在岗工人监测数据从企业规模、经济类型、行业性质和职业危害因素等方面进行分析,提出对工人有效的保护措施,降低工人职业病的发生率。结果2013—2017年红河州有毒有害作业工人健康监护实检人数和实检率总体呈上升趋势。2013—2015疑似职业病检出率呈明显下降趋势,2015—2017年基本持平。小型企业、私有经济、采矿业疑似职业病检出率最高,粉尘是导致发生职业病主要危害因素。结论红河州的职业病防治水平逐渐得以提高,工人的受检率也在逐渐上升,同时,应提高职业病健康医师的检测水平,加大职业病相关知识的宣传力度,提高工人的健康意识。 相似文献
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Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years. 相似文献
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C L Rümke 《Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde》1985,129(51):2469-2471
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恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。 相似文献
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Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors. 相似文献
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目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12%和23.64%.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00%、23.53%、36.00%、5.26%和27.03%,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P<0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P<0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P>0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全. 相似文献
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This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965. 相似文献
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Leon Braier Ashley Levy Klaus Dror Asher Pardo 《American journal of industrial medicine》1981,2(2):119-123
Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood. 相似文献