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1.
不良嗜好及胃慢性疾病与胃癌   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
目的:研究吸烟、饮酒等不良嗜好和胃慢性疾病与胃癌的关系。方法:采用病例对照方法对361 例胃癌病例和1 525 例人群对照的既往暴露史进行回顾性调查,用Logistic 回归模型估计各因素与胃癌的联系强度。结果:经混杂因素调整后,吸烟可以增加胃癌危险性48% ,吸烟年限越长、日吸烟量越大、开始吸烟年龄越小其危险性越高。饮酒增加胃癌危险性82% ,饮白酒的作用最明显。有胃慢性疾病史者明显增加胃癌危险性,并有随患病年限越长其危险性越大的时间效应关系。吸烟、饮白酒和胃慢性疾病史既是作用很强的独立因素,亦有明显的相乘作用。结论:吸烟、饮酒和胃慢性疾病史是胃癌的主要危险因素,戒除不良嗜好,早期、彻底根治胃慢性疾病是降低胃癌发生的重要措施之一  相似文献   

2.
2000-2003年住院病人胃癌相关危险因素研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的了解住院胃癌病人饮食习惯、疾病史、不良嗜好等因素与胃癌危险性的关系。方法收集黑龙江省肿瘤医院2000--2003年经病理诊断的胃癌病人,共209例,进行病例对照研究。应用非条件logistic回归分析。结果吸烟、饮酒增加胃癌危险性。胃慢性疾病史、不良饮食习惯、嗜成与胃癌关系密切。情绪较差、性情急躁胃癌危险增加250%(OR=3.50,95%CI=1.95-6.24)。近年精神压抑可增加胃癌危险466%(OR=5.66,95%CI=3.68-8.94)。多食用葱、蒜类食品可降低胃癌危险性48.9%。结论胃慢性疾病史、不良饮食习惯及某些精神神经因素,肿瘤家族史等与胃癌有明显关系。多食用葱蒜类食品对胃癌的发生有保护作用。  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨滕州市居民胃癌发病的危险因素,为制定干预对策与措施提供依据。方法2009年5月至2012年6月,对滕州市中心人民医院经临床病理检查确诊的原发性胃癌住院患者及1:1配对的同期住院的非肿瘤疾病史患者资料89对进行调查,并进行影响胃癌患病的条件Logistic回归分析。结果在α=0.05的水平上,进人多因素条件Logistic回归模型的有7个因素,即多食新鲜蔬菜、多食水果者不易患胃癌(OR值分别为0.438、0.322),有家族肿瘤史、有不良饮食习惯、有胃慢性疾病史、多食腌制食品、吸烟者易患胃癌(OR值分别为5.312、4.899、4.187、3.014、1.744)。结论家族肿瘤史、不良饮食习惯、胃慢性疾病史、多食腌渍食品、吸烟是本地胃癌发生的主要危险因素。  相似文献   

4.
马西稳  甘敏 《预防医学论坛》2013,(7):492-493,497
目的探讨滕州市居民胃癌发病的危险因素,为制定干预对策与措施提供依据。方法 2009年5月至2012年6月,对滕州市中心人民医院经临床病理检查确诊的原发性胃癌住院患者及1∶1配对的同期住院的非肿瘤疾病史患者资料89对进行调查,并进行影响胃癌患病的条件Logistic回归分析。结果在α=0.05的水平上,进入多因素条件Logistic回归模型的有7个因素,即多食新鲜蔬菜、多食水果者不易患胃癌(OR值分别为0.438、0.322),有家族肿瘤史、有不良饮食习惯、有胃慢性疾病史、多食腌制食品、吸烟者易患胃癌(OR值分别为5.312、4.899、4.187、3.014、1.744)。结论家族肿瘤史、不良饮食习惯、胃慢性疾病史、多食腌渍食品、吸烟是本地胃癌发生的主要危险因素。  相似文献   

5.
胃癌可疑危险因素的病例对照研究   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
目的:查明饮食史、疾病史、不良嗜好等诸因素与胃癌的关系。方法:调查病例和对照的暴露史,用非条件Logistic回归方法计算各因素的比值和95%可信限,趋势检验用χM-H^2检验法。结果:经混杂因素调整后吸烟、饮酒微弱地增加胃癌危险性。胃慢性疾病史、不良饮食习惯、喜重盐、情绪较差、近些年精神处于压抑状态、婚姻生活不和谐和破裂及人际关系较差等神经精神因素均与胃癌有明显关系。多食用葱蒜类食品可降低胃癌危险性50%左右。结论:肿瘤家族史、胃慢性疾病史、不良饮食习惯、及某些神经精神因素与胃癌危险性存在明显的统计学关系,多食用葱蒜类可拮抗胃癌的发生。  相似文献   

6.
心理因素及癌症家族史与胃癌关系的病例对照研究   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
目的 研究心理因素及癌症家族史对胃癌发生的影响。方法 采用1:1配对病例-对照研究方法,对346对胃癌病例和对照进行问卷调查,应用条件Logistic回归模型进行单因素分析和多因素分析,计算比值比及其95%可信区间,结果 精神创伤及精神压抑为胃癌的危险因素,比值比分别为2.17和1.73,父亲及母亲患癌史的比值比分别为2.80和1.95。多因素分析有统计学意义的因素有精神压抑和父亲患癌史,比值比分别为1.92(95%CI1.09-3.35),和2.60(95%CI 1.36-28),结论 心理因素及癌症家族 史对胃癌发生有一定的影响,胃癌的发病是环境因素,心理社会因素及遗传背景共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

7.
胃癌发病危险因素的病例对照研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
目的 探讨胃癌发病的危险因素。方法 以本院确诊的70例胃癌病例作为病例组,按性别、年龄、民族、居住地作为配比条件选取70名健康人群进行1:1配对的病例配对研究。并将研究因素进行条件的Logistic回归分析。结果 多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示胃癌发病与保护因素新鲜蔬菜水果(OR=0.232,95%CI=0.067—0.797)、危险因素盐腌食物(OR=7.215,95%CI=1.149—45.307)、慢性胃病史(OR=3.015,95%CI=1.021-8.904)和家族肿瘤史(OR=5.354,95%CI=1.506-19.036)关系密切。结论 多吃新鲜蔬菜水果,少吃盐腌食物,积极治疗慢性胃病可减少胃癌的发病。  相似文献   

8.
泰兴市全人群食道癌和胃癌病例对照研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的 探讨泰兴市食道癌和胃癌发病危险因素。方法 选择食道癌和胃癌新发病例591和439人,按性别、年龄和居住地进行以全人群为基础1:1配对的病例对照研究。结果 人均年收入低于2000元、不良嗜好和饮食习惯、不良精神因素、食道和胃疾病史、家族史会增加食道癌和胃癌的危险。良好的人际关系则是保护性因素。结论 应针对上述危险因素采取预防措施。  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨贲门癌发生的危险因素,为病因学研究提供线索。方法:对福州市6所大医院2000年4-7月的住院病人进行多组病例对照研究,其中男性287例(82.5%),女性61例(17.5%),病例组为经病理,手术或胃镜确诊的贲门癌病例93例,非贲门部胃癌病例85例及非消化道肿瘤病例73例,对照组为与肿瘤病例同期住院的骨,泌尿外科的非肿瘤病例97例,采用统一调查表进行床边询问,内容包括一般人口学特征,身高,体重体,吸烟,饮酒,饮食状况,既往疾病史,家族肿瘤史等,对资料进行单因素及多因素Logistic分析。结果:贲门癌的危险因素有每日吸烟量(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.19-2.58),10年前食用猪油(OR=4.24,95%CI:2.01-8.92),父母患胃癌(OR=3.78,95%),CI:1.06-13.41),胃部疾病史(OR=3。19,95%CI:1.46-6.96),常吃新鲜蔬菜(OR=0.21,95%CI:0.07-0.62),豆及豆制品(OR=0.29,95%CI:0.09-0.92)为保护因素。结论:贲门癌与非贲门部胃癌可能有不同的危险因素,值得进一步研究。  相似文献   

10.
武汉地区肺癌新病例危险因素病例对照研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
目的:探讨武汉地区肺癌主要危险因素。方法:对183例肺癌患者和183例对照进行1:1配比病例对照研究,并用Logistic回归对所获资料举行单因素和多因素分析。结果:单因素分析结果表明,呼吸系统疾病史(慢性支气管炎病史OR=2.90,其他呼吸系统疾病OR=3.65),吸烟(OR=2.33)、家庭被动吸烟(OR=1.69)、工作场所被动吸烟(OR=1.72)、处于精神压抑(OR=2.07)是武汉地区肺癌主要危险因素;在单因素分析基础上,多因素分析结果仅发现慢性支气管炎(OR=2.92)、吸烟(OR=4.09)、工作场所被动吸烟(OR=1.95)为肺癌主要危险因素。结论:调查结果提示,武汉地区肺癌应针对慢性支气管炎、吸烟和工作场所被动吸烟因素开展一级预防。  相似文献   

11.
Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.  相似文献   

12.
This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.  相似文献   

13.
深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.  相似文献   

14.
Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO2. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO2 at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO2 gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2 also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2.  相似文献   

15.
Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.  相似文献   

16.
The risk of heat exhaustion at a deep underground metalliferous mine was assessed in relation to thermal conditions prevailing on the surface. For each day of a 1-year prospective case series of heat exhaustion, surface 24-h mean wet and dry bulb temperatures were recorded. From this data, 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperatures were derived using certain assumptions. The three surface temperature variables were significantly higher on those days on which heat exhaustion occurred, compared to those days on which it did not occur (P < 0.001). The relative risk of heat exhaustion on days when the 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperature was in the range 26.0-28.0 degrees C was 4.82 (95% confidence interval 2.12-10.96). Surface temperature data could be used at this mine to warn miners about the risk of heat exhaustion.  相似文献   

17.
Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).  相似文献   

18.

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.  相似文献   

19.
20.
The repeatability and validity of a questionnaire for upper limb and neck complaints were assessed in a population of 105 hospital outpatients with a range of upper limb and neck disorders (including cervical spondylosis, adhesive capsulitis, lateral epicondylitis, carpal tunnel syndrome and Raynaud's phenomenon). Subjects were asked to complete a modified Nordic-style upper limb and neck discomfort questionnaire on two occasions closely spaced in time. The repeatability of their responses was assessed by calculating a kappa coefficient (kappa), and the sensitivity and specificity of component items in the questionnaire were determined for specific diagnostic categories of upper limb and neck disorder. Symptom reports for pain in the upper limb and neck, pain interfering with physical activities, neurological symptoms and blanching were all found to be highly repeatable (kappa = 0.63-0.90). A number of regional pain reports proved to be very sensitive in relation to specific upper limb disorders, but, with the exception of reported finger blanching in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon, none proved to have a good specificity (range = 0.33-0.38). We conclude that a modified Nordic-style questionnaire is repeatable and sensitive, and is likely to have a high utility in screening and surveillance. However a complementary examination schedule of adequate specificity and repeatability is essential to establish a clinical diagnosis.  相似文献   

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