共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 108 毫秒
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生物及化学毒剂侦检技术发展现状 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对化学毒剂和生物毒剂的侦检技术进行了详细描述。其中化学毒剂的侦检技术主要包括远程探测设备和现场检测设备使用的技术,远程探测设备使用的技术分为主动激光差分雷达技术和被动式傅立叶变换红外光谱技术,而现场检测设备使用的技术分为离子迁移谱技术、声表面波技术和气相色谱/质谱(GS/MS)联用技术。生物毒剂侦检技术主要分为生物毒剂报警技术和生物毒剂检测技术,生物毒剂报警技术分为远距离遥测技术和在线分析技术,生物毒剂检测技术分为实时PCR技术、免疫技术和生物质谱。 相似文献
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目的设计建立一种遥控的核生化机动检测平台,用于三防医学求援用中核生化危害场所的综合侦检,以提高综合侦检的速度和效率,确保侦检人员的自身安全。方法通过该机动平台可搭载多种不同的核生化侦检仪器进行检测的功能,对可疑场所进行空中和地面的定性、定量、定位、定时的检测和采样检测,寻找伤员和其它综合侦察。结果遥控核生化机动检测平台可兼容多种核生化检测仪器检测多种项目.对危害场所进行三防侦检,项目多,速度快,机动性能好,侦检范围大,侦检效率高。可有效避免核生化武器等有害物质对侦检人员生命安全的威胁。结论遥控核生化机动检测平台广泛适用于三防医学求援用以及其它危害场所的侦检的使用。 相似文献
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SEC_1酶免疫电极的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以酶、抗体相结合作为生物传感器的识别元件进行抗原的检测,不仅在临床医学上,而且在生化战剂的侦检中都有着广阔的应用前景。本文所研究的是将镀铂玻碳电极以化学吸附和交联的方式固定化葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD),然后进一步耦联葡萄球菌肠毒素C1型抗体(Anti-SEC1),从而构成一种新型的电流型SEC1酶免疫传感器。当抗原(SEC1)与抗体发生免疫反应而形成抗原-抗体络合物后,使与抗体耦联的酶的活性受到调制,电极的响应信号发生变化,从而达到检测抗原的目的。实验表明,以化学吸附和交联两种方式制得的酶免疫电极在检测抗原时,与响应电流存在很好线性关系的浓度范围分别为20~100μg/L、3~18μg/L。 相似文献
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由美国爱达荷生物威胁探测公司生产的侦检器材RAZOR[TM]EX生物威胁探测系统和新型薄膜阵列生物探测系统在灵敏度才口可靠性方面性能突出,整体技术处于领先地位。(1)RAZOR[TM]EX生物威胁探测系统是一种适用于现场检测的手持式仪器,采用先进的光电导继电器技术,灵敏度高,可靠性好, 相似文献
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《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2015,(5)
目的研究化学恐怖的特点,探讨口岸在反化学恐怖事件中如何选择适合的侦检技术装备。方法根据国内外对化学恐怖用毒检测技术的研究进展以及我国口岸的具体情况,探讨口岸卫生检疫部门在应对化学恐怖的过程中,选择侦检装备的关键要素和一般原则。结果口岸防化反恐能力的建设是一个逐步完善的过程,可以按先"鉴别能力"后"鉴定能力"的顺序分步建设口岸化学危害因子检测能力。结论现场、实时、在位的快速侦检仪器的装备是当前口岸反化学恐怖侦检装备的首选。 相似文献
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介绍了国外个体及集体核化生战剂防护装备的发展历程及现状,详细阐述了国外目前较为先进的个体及集体防护装备的性能参数及技术优势,探讨了核化生战剂防护装备的发展趋势及其新技术的应用。 相似文献
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介绍了几种灵敏度高、特异性强、发展前景好的现代生物战剂检测技术,如分子识别技术、免疫化学技术等,对这些技术在各种生物战剂和毒素检测装备之中的广泛应用,以及这些装备在战时卫勤保障与反恐保障中的重要作用进行了论述,对生物战剂检测的发展方向进行了展望。指出生物战剂检测技术与装备研究虽然取得了长足进步,但仍存在诸多的不足,需要进一步加强研究。 相似文献
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Calmodulin is a calcium-dependent regulator protein which activates about thirty enzymatic systems. Its intracellular levels, as well as the distribution between cytosolic and membrane fractions, are dependent on chemical (metal ions) and biological agents (hormones, viruses). The changes in levels are particularly pronounced after the cell transformation. The influence of transformation and the effect of chemical/biological agents are discussed separately as are the analytical methods for calmodulin determination. A detailed mechanism of action of chemical and biological agents on calmodulin levels is not yet known. 相似文献
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The release of nerve gas in a Tokyo subway and attempted releases of biological agents by the Aum Shinrikyo cult have demonstrated the willingness and ability of modern-day terrorists to use unconventional weapons. Unlike explosive weapons, the use of biologic weapons may only become apparent once people become ill. The detection and response to these man-made outbreaks will occur initially at the medical and public health levels. Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and its partners are strengthening their response, disease detection, diagnostic, and communication capabilities to better protect the nation's citizens against biological or chemical terrorism. 相似文献
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Raber E Carlsen T Folks K Kirvel R Daniels J Bogen K 《International journal of environmental health research》2004,14(1):31-41
Recent terrorist events underscore the urgent need to develop a comprehensive set of health-protective cleanup standards and effective decontamination technologies for use in the restoration of civilian facilities. Accurate scientific information remains limited in the area of biological warfare agents. However, new guidelines and calculated cleanup values are emerging for initial re-entry and long-term reoccupation following use of chemical warfare agents. This article addresses airborne, soil, and surface exposures following release of G-type chemical warfare agents and VX. Cleanup goals should be tailored to the type of population that may be exposed, potential exposure times, and other scenario-specific considerations. Three different airborne concentrations are proposed for cleanup of public sector facilities. One value is recommended for initial re-entry; a more conservative value is recommended for long-term monitoring and increased public confidence; and a third, even more conservative concentration represents essentially a no-effect level for round-the-clock airborne exposure. Health-based cleanup levels are provided for contaminated residential and industrial soil. Results are presented on the outcome of a preliminary risk assessment to determine safe surface levels (e.g., walls, floors, and handrails) for cleanup after exposure to the G agents and VX. Because specific cleanup criteria for most biological warfare agents remain problematic, recommendations are made for filling the knowledge gaps. 相似文献
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Reutter S 《Environmental health perspectives》1999,107(12):985-990
The two major threat classes of chemical weapons are mustard gas and the nerve agents, and this has not changed in over 50 years. Both types are commonly called gases, but they are actually liquids that are not remarkably volatile. These agents were designed specifically to harm people by any route of exposure and to be effective at low doses. Mustard gas was used in World War I, and the nerve agents were developed shortly before, during, and after World War II. Our perception of the potency of chemical weapons has changed, as well as our concern over potential effects of prolonged exposures to low doses and potential target populations that include women and children. Many of the toxicologic studies and human toxicity estimates for both mustard and nerve agents were designed for the purpose of quickly developing maximal casualties in the least sensitive male soldier. The "toxicity" of the chemical weapons has not changed, but our perception of "toxicity" has. 相似文献
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目的分析消毒供应室人员存在的职业损伤并探讨其防护对策。方法回顾总结我院消毒供应室人员2008年1月至2010年9月期间发生的职业损伤。结果共发生145起职业损伤,其中物理性损害最为多见,占55.9%。化学性损害次之,占25.5%。其余分别为生物性损害(14.5%),工种相关性损害(4.1咖。物理性损害中以皮肤划伤,割伤、刺伤最为多见,占75.3%(61/81),其次为烧烫伤。化学性损害以消毒剂引起的皮肤损害曩为多见。结论针对各危害因素进行针对性防护,能有效减少职业危害,为工作人员身体健康提供保障。 相似文献
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目的分析消毒供应室人员存在的职业损伤并探讨其防护对策。方法回顾总结我院消毒供应室人员2008年1月至2010年9月期间发生的职业损伤。结果共发生145起职业损伤,其中物理性损害最为多见,占55.9%。化学性损害次之,占25.5%。其余分别为生物性损害(14.5%)、工种相关性损害(4.1%)。物理性损害中以皮肤划伤、割伤、刺伤最为多见,占75.3%(61/81),其次为烧烫伤。化学性损害以消毒剂引起的皮肤损害最为多见。结论针对各危害因素进行针对性防护,能有效减少职业危害,为工作人员身体健康提供保障。 相似文献
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核化生医学防护装备相关体系研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
目的:为核化生医学防护装备的系统设计、研制、选型、采购和发展提供参考。方法:采用文献检索和专家调研法进行研究。结果:针对核化生医学防护装备的概念、分类及体系框架、关键技术体系和指标体系进行了系统研究。结论:提出了核化生物医学防护装备相关体系,将为后续研究奠定基础。 相似文献