原发性高血压合并脑梗死患者24小时动态血压变化特点的研究

目的 分析原发性高血压合并脑梗死患者24 h动态血压变化特点,探讨血压异常与脑梗死的关系.方法 对38例原发性高血压患者(单纯高血压组)和94例原发性高血压合并脑梗死患者(高血压合并脑梗死组)进行24 h动态血压监测,并对两组患者的24h、日间、夜间血压平均值,血压负荷值,血压变异性和血压昼夜节律性进行统计分析.结果 高血压合并脑梗死组患者24h、日间、夜间收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)及sBP和DBP负荷值均明显高于单纯高血压组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或<0.05).高血压合并脑梗死组日间SBP变异性高于单纯高血压组[(15.84±4.56)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)比(14.21±4.29)mm Hg],SBP和DBP夜间下降率低于单纯高血压组[(5±8)%比(9±11)%,(7±6)%比(11±10)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或<0.01).结论 血压平均值和血压负荷值增高及血压昼夜节律性消失与脑梗死相关.     

复方利血平-氨苯蝶啶片对血压晨峰的影响

目的 采用动态血压监测(ABPM)观察复方利血平-氨苯蝶啶片对轻、中度原发性高血压患者18～24h血压和血压晨峰(MBPS)的影响.方法 选择60例轻、中度原发性高血压患者口服复方利血平-氨苯蝶啶片8周进行动态血压监测,评价治疗前后血压和MBPS的变化.结果 复方利血平-氨苯蝶啶片治疗后24h收缩压(SBP)/舒张压(DBP)降低(9.6±2.5)/(9.1±1.5) mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133 kPa),治疗后18 ～ 24h SBP/DBP降低(8.7±2.5)/(7.5±3.2) mm Hg,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),MBPS(+)患者和MBPS(-)患者治疗后18～24 h SBP/DBP分别降低(10.1±2.5)/(8.4±2.8) mm Hg和(8.1±1.8)/(7.3±2.0) mm Hg,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗后MBPS(+)患者减少,MBPS(-)患者增多,治疗前后频数比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),MBPS(+)患者MBPS降低( 13.3±2.3)/(10.1 ±2.7) mm Hg,(P＜0.05),而MBPS(-)患者MBPS程度明显降低,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 复方利血平-氨苯蝶啶片不仅有效降低24h血压,还能明显降低治疗后18～24h血压和遏制MBPS的发生,降低MBPS的程度.     

老年高血压病特点及24 小时血压动态变化分析

目的 探讨老年患者高血压病特点及24 h血压动态变化.方法 受检者采用无创伤性携带式动态血压监测仪(DS-250,北京)进行24 h动态血压监测,携带记录仪照常进行日常活动并可记录血压.结果 在高血压伴靶器官损害的患者中,伴心脏损害者平均收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)最低,伴脑损害次之,伴肾损害及多脏器损害者平均SBP、DBP最高;42例单纯SBP增高,33例为SBP及DBP增高,17例临界高血压,8例血压正常.结论 老年高血压病特点是患病率高,并发症多而严重;24 h血压变化多呈非杓型,甚至反杓型.     

缬沙坦联合氨氯地平治疗社区老年原发高血压合并糖尿病疗效观察

目的观察缬沙坦联合氨氯地平治疗社区老年原发高血压合并糖尿病疗效。方法选择2016年4月—2017年1月期间在我院接受治疗的社区老年原发高血压合并糖尿病患者56例作为研究对象,随机划入观察组和对照组,其中观察组28例,对照组28例,分别接受缬沙坦联合氨氯地平治疗和氨氯地平单用治疗,比较两组患者的血糖和血压水平。结果观察组患者空腹血糖(5.2±0.6)mmol/L,餐后2 h血糖水平(8.2±0.9)mmol/L,收缩压(117.3±5.2)mm Hg,舒张压(86.5±5.9)mm Hg;对照组患者空腹血糖(7.3±0.8)mmol/L,餐后2 h血糖水平(10.8±0.7)mmol/L,收缩压(138.4±5.6)mm Hg,舒张压(97.3±6.3)mm Hg;组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论缬沙坦联合氨氯地平治疗社区老年原发高血压合并糖尿病疗效优于氨氯地平单用,值得临床应用与推广。     

住院老年2型糖尿病并原发性青光眼患者临床资料分析

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者发生原发性青光眼的危险因素.方法 将年龄≥60岁的住院患者122例,分为糖尿病并青光眼组48例,糖尿病无青光眼组44例,青光眼无糖尿病组30例.检测各组血压、体质指数、血糖、血脂、糖化血红蛋白、眼内压情况并进行比较.结果 糖尿病并青光眼组收缩压、舒张压和眼内压与糖尿病无青光眼组比较差异均有统计学意义[(144.7±17.1) mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)比(134.7±17.3) mm Hg、(84.9 ±9.0) mm Hg比(79.1±8.8) mm Hg和(46.9±23.1) mm Hg比(14.2±2.7) mm Hg,P＜0.01].糖尿病并青光眼组与青光眼无糖尿病组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白及收缩压比较差异均有统计学意义[(1.22±0.39) mmol/L比(1.56±0.51) mmol/L;(10.01±4.10) mmol/L比(5.14±0.58) mmol/L;(8.55±2.86)％比(5.61±0.37)％;(144.7±17.1) mm Hg比(132.1±15.0) mm Hg,P＜ 0.01].糖尿病并青光眼组与青光眼无糖尿病组盲的发生率比较差异有统计学意义[18.8％(9/48)比6.7％(2/30),P＜0.01].糖尿病并青光眼组女性和男性患者构成比和眼内压比较差异均有统计学意义[64.6％(31/48)比35.4％(17/48)和(50.9±24.9) mm Hg比(39.8±17.9) mm Hg,P＜0.05].糖尿病并青光眼组眼内压与收缩压呈正相关(r=0.22,P＜ 0.05).结论 住院老年2型糖尿病并原发性青光眼致盲率高;女性、高血压可能是老年2型糖尿病患者发生原发性青光眼的易患因素.     

达格列净联合福辛普利治疗高血压合并糖尿病的效果分析

目的 探析应用联合策略(达格列净+福辛普利)治疗高血压伴糖尿病患者,对其降压、降糖及控制心力衰竭发生风险的影响。方法 选择某院2020年11月—2021年8月就诊的120例高血压合并糖尿病患者, 采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。对照组给予单一福辛普利治疗,观察组给予达格列净联合福辛普利治疗,连续治疗2个月。对比2组患者血压控制指标[24 h收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)]、血糖控制指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]、心室重构相关参数[右心室的收缩末期容积(RVESV)、舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、左心室重构指数(LVRI)]、心力衰竭发生率。结果 治疗前,2组各指标差异均无统计学意义(P ＞0.05);治疗后观察组FBG、HbA1c分别为(7.11±1.47)mmol/L、 (7.22±1.52)%,低于对照组的(7.93±2.05)mmol/L、(8.14±1.67)%(t=2.518、3.156,P＜0.05);治疗后观察组24 h SBP、24 h DBP分别为(126.35±5.41)mm Hg、(75.49±4.37)mm Hg,低于对照组的(130.03±5.56)mm Hg 、(84.29±5.18)mm Hg(t=3.674、10.058,P＜0.05)。观察组和对照组心力衰竭发生率分别为0.00%、3.33% 、不良反应率发生率分别为6.67%、5.00%(P均＞0.05)。结论 联合策略(达格列净+福辛普利)治疗高血压伴糖尿病的临床效果显著,能够控制心力衰竭发生风险,有效地降糖、降压。     

时间治疗学在福辛普利治疗轻、中度原发性高血压中的应用

目的 比较不同时间服用福辛普利对原发性高血压患者降压效果的影响,探讨时间治疗学在福辛普利治疗轻、中度原发性高血压中的应用价值.方法 245例原发性高血压患者随机分为A组和B组,经2周安慰剂导人期后,A组每日上午8:00-9:00服用福辛普利10mg,B组每日晚20:00-21:00服用福辛普利10 mg.4周后比较两组患者的降压效果.结果 治疗后A组和B组的24 h平均收缩压(SBP)/舒张压(DBP)分别为(142±7)/(88±5)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(141±7),(87±7) mm Hg,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);白天平均SBP/DBP分别为(141±6)/(87±6) mm Hg、(142±6)/(89±8) mm Hg,白天平均SBP比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),白天平均DBP比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);夜间平均SBP/DBP分别为(143±5),(89±7)mm Hg、(138 4-5),(82±5) mm Hg 异,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或<0.05).A组和B组的24 h平均SBP/DBP下降幅度分别为(13±3),(9±2) mm Hg、(15±4),(11±7) mm Hg.差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);白天平均SBP/DBP下降幅度分别为(13±4)/(9±4) mm Hg、(13±4)/(8±8) mm Hg,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);夜间平均SBP/DBP下降幅度分别为(10±2)/(64-2) mm Hg、(15±5)/(13±5) mm Hg,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05.结论 福辛普利治疗轻、中度原发性高血压效果明显,且晚间服药能更好地恢复其勺型节律及控制晨起高血压.     

缬沙坦/氨氯地平片治疗老年高血压合并肾功能不全的疗效观察

目的观察缬沙坦/氨氯地平片治疗老年高血压合并肾功能不全的临床疗效及不良反应。方法 80例老年高血压合并肾功能不全患者根据受试者筛选入组顺序随机分为2组各40例,对照组口服缬沙坦/氢氯噻嗪片治疗,观察组口服缬沙坦/氨氯地平片治疗,两组疗程均为12周。比较两组治疗前后24 h平均收缩压(24 h m SBP)、24 h平均舒张压(24 h m DBP)、白天平均收缩压(dm SBP)、白天平均舒张压(dm DBP)、夜间平均收缩压(nm SBP)、夜间平均舒张压(nm DBP)等血压指标及24 h收缩压标准差(24 h SSD)、24 h舒张压标准差(24 h DSD)、白天收缩压标准差(d SSD)、白天舒张压标准差(d DSD)、夜间收缩压标准差(n SSD)、夜间舒张压标准差(n DSD)等血压变异性指标,比较两组治疗前后血尿素氮(BUN)、Scr、24 h尿蛋白、内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)等肾功能指标及药物不良反应发生率。结果两组治疗前血压及BPV比较无显著差异性(P>0.05),两组治疗后24 h m SBP、24 h m DBP、dm SBP、dm DBP、nm SBP、nm DBP等血压指标及24 h SSD、24 h DSD、d SSD、d DSD、n SSD、n DSD等BPV指标较治疗前明显降低(均P<0.05),且观察组较对照组降低更为显著(P<0.05);两组治疗前Scr、BUN、24 h尿蛋白及Ccr等肾功能指标比较无显著统计学差异(P>0.05),两组治疗后Scr、BUN、24 h尿蛋白明显降低(P<0.05),而Ccr明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组较对照组降低或升高更为显著(P<0.05);两组治疗期间药物不良反应发生率比较无显著统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论缬沙坦/氨氯地平片可明显改善老年高血压合并肾功能不全患者的肾功能,还可减少血压变异性,且安全性较高,值得临床广泛应用。     

2型糖尿病肾病患者动态血压变化与微量白蛋白尿的相关性

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者动态血压变化情况,并分析其与微量白蛋白尿(MAU)的相关性.方法 按Mogensen分期将2型糖尿病患者136例分为四组:正常白蛋白尿组(24h尿白蛋白＜ 30 mg,50例)、MAU组(24h尿白蛋白30～300 mg,33例)、大量白蛋白尿组(24h尿白蛋白＞300 mg,23例)及肾功能不全组[24h尿白蛋白＞300 mg且估计肾小球滤过率≤60 ml/(min·1.73 m2),30例].观察四组患者24h动态血压、血压昼夜节律、平滑指数等指标的变化情况,并分析动态血压与尿白蛋白的相关性.结果 随着24h尿白蛋白增加,24h、白昼及夜间的收缩压和舒张压均逐渐升高[收缩压分别为从(124.9±15.1) mmHg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)到(147.2±13.4) mm Hg,从(127.2±13.9) mm Hg到(149.1±13.6) mm Hg,从(124.2±16.4) mm Hg到(144.2±16.2) mm Hg;舒张压分别为从(67.1±9.0) mm Hg到(82.8±8.9) mm Hg,从(69.1±8.9) mm Hg到(84.9±8.8) mm Hg,从(64.9±9.4) mm Hg到(81.4±8.7) mm Hg],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),24h收缩压标准差从(9.4±2.1) mm Hg上升到(12.0±5.0) mm Hg,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),收缩压及舒张压平滑指数逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Pearson相关分析显示,24h尿白蛋白与白昼、夜间的收缩压、舒张压、脉压及24h收缩压标准差均呈正相关(P＜0.05),而与平滑指数、夜间血压下降率呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 2型糖尿病患者早期即存在血压昼夜节律异常,且血压变异性增大.     

老年高血压患者糖代谢异常的相关性研究

目的 检测老年高血压患者血清CRP、糖代谢指标及动态血压参数,分析其临床意义.方法 检测30例单纯高血压患者(单纯高血压组)、30例高血压合并2型糖尿病患者(高血压合并2型糖尿病组)及30例健康体检者(健康对照组)的空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹血浆胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(GHbA1c)及血清CRP水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI),并行动态血压监测.结果 高血压合并2型糖尿病组FBG、FINS、CRP、IRI、GHbA1c水平均显著高于单纯高血压组及健康对照组(P<0.05),单纯高血压组显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05).高血压合并2型糖尿病组24h平均脉压(24 h-mPP)、日间平均脉压(dmPP)、夜间平均脉压(nmPP)均高于单纯高血压组[(61.20±8.22)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)比(54.50±7.85)mm Hg,(65.97±11.86)mm Hg比(59.73±11.71)mm Hg,(56.43±9.87)mm Hg比(49.27±8.36)mm Hg].结论 高血压与2型糖尿病一样,存在胰岛素抵抗,CRP及脉压水平对高血压患者具有一定的预测价值和临床意义.     

The human drama of genetics: 'hard' and 'soft' media representations of inherited breast cancer

This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.     

Worker education in the primary prevention of occupational dermatoses

This paper reports the evaluation of a skin care education programmeconducted on a fine chemicals manufacturing site where over1,000 employees are located. Approximately 60% are involvedin chemical manufacture. Over a 12 month period production staffreceived training in prevention of occupational dermatoses linkedto a site-wide poster initiative. The incidence of new casesof occupational dermatoses fell from 0.055 (70 cases in 1,277employees) to 0.021 (27 cases in 1,277 employees) before andafter the intervention respectively (p<0.0001). After otherfactors such as chemicals handled, observer bias and changesin reporting related to socioeconomic climate were taken intoaccount it is concluded that this study demonstrates the importanceof worker education as a tool for primary prevention of disease.Training materials such as video and poster presentations maybe effectively used in the chemical manufacturing industry asan adjunct to prevention and control of exposure to substanceshazardous to the skin. Such methods may also be used in otherindustries where there are significant risks of dermatoses.     

Regional Variation in Travel-related Illness acquired in Africa,March 1997–May 2011

To understand geographic variation in travel-related illness acquired in distinct African regions, we used the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database to analyze records for 16,893 ill travelers returning from Africa over a 14-year period. Travelers to northern Africa most commonly reported gastrointestinal illnesses and dog bites. Febrile illnesses were more common in travelers returning from sub-Saharan countries. Eleven travelers died, 9 of malaria; these deaths occurred mainly among male business travelers to sub-Saharan Africa. The profile of illness varied substantially by region: malaria predominated in travelers returning from Central and Western Africa; schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, and dengue from Eastern and Western Africa; and loaisis from Central Africa. There were few reports of vaccine-preventable infections, HIV infection, and tuberculosis. Geographic profiling of illness acquired during travel to Africa guides targeted pretravel advice, expedites diagnosis in ill returning travelers, and may influence destination choices in tourism.     

The design of hazard risk assessment matrices for ranking occupational health risks and their application in mining and minerals processing

Two hazard risk assessment matrices for the ranking of occupational health risks are described. The qualitative matrix uses qualitative measures of probability and consequence to determine risk assessment codes for hazard-disease combinations. A walk-through survey of an underground metalliferous mine and concentrator is used to demonstrate how the qualitative matrix can be applied to determine priorities for the control of occupational health hazards. The semi-quantitative matrix uses attributable risk as a quantitative measure of probability and uses qualitative measures of consequence. A practical application of this matrix is the determination of occupational health priorities using existing epidemiological studies. Calculated attributable risks from epidemiological studies of hazard-disease combinations in mining and minerals processing are used as examples. These historic response data do not reflect the risks associated with current exposures. A method using current exposure data, known exposure-response relationships and the semi-quantitative matrix is proposed for more accurate and current risk rankings.     

Psychopathological features of a patient population of targets of workplace bullying

BACKGROUND: A strong association between workplace bullying and subsequent anxiety and depression, indicated by empirical research, suggests that bullying is an aetiological factor for mental health problems. AIMS: To evaluate levels of stress and anxiety-depression disorder developed by targets of workplace bullying together with outcome at 12 months and to characterize this population in terms of psychopathology and sociodemographic features. METHODS: Forty-eight patients (36 women and 12 men) meeting Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror criteria for bullying were included in a prospective study. Evaluations were performed at first consultation and at 12 months using a standard clinical interview, a visual analogue scale of stress, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, the Beech scale of stress in the workplace and a projective test (Picture-Frustration Study). RESULTS: At first consultation, 81% of patients showed high levels of perceived stress at work and 83 and 52% presented with anxiety or depression, respectively. At 12 months, only 19% of working patients expressed a feeling of stress at work. There was a significant change in symptoms of anxiety while there was no change in symptoms of depression. Stress at work and depression influenced significatively capacity to go back to work. At 12-month assessments, workers showed a significantly better score on the HAD scale than non-workers. Over half the targets presented a neuroticism-related predominant personality trait. CONCLUSION: Workplace bullying can have severe mental health repercussions, triggering serious and persistent underlying disorders.     

The rise and fall in incidence of malignant mesothelioma from a British Naval Dockyard, 1979-1999

BACKGROUND: The incidence of malignant mesothelioma in Britain is predicted to rise over the next 15-25 years because of past failure to protect the workforce against inhalation of asbestos. In British Naval dockyards, alternative insulation materials and respiratory protection were introduced from the mid-1960s. Aims This study was carried out to investigate the effects of these control measures on mesothelioma deaths in dockyard workers. METHODS: Cases of mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum between 1979 and 1999 in workers from the Devonport Naval Dockyard, south-west England, were sought from coroners' and medico-legal records. RESULTS: Three hundred and one cases were identified, 7% peritoneal. The peak incidence occurred in 1991 with 25 cases per annum (quadratic model fit R(2) = 74.2%, P < 0.001) and we predict that by 2003 the incidence will fall to fewer than five cases per annum. The mean time between first exposure and presentation was 48.5 years [95% confidence interval (CI) = 47.3-49.8], but this was significantly shorter in the more heavily exposed trades, when compared with the less heavily exposed (42 years, 95% CI = 39.0-45.0, versus 49.5 years, 95% CI = 48.2-50.9). Those with higher exposure were also at significantly greater risk of peritoneal disease (P < 0.023, Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSION: The reduction in incidence of mesothelioma is greater than can be accounted for by reduction in numbers of dockyard workers over the last 50 years. Changes in insulation materials and improved industrial hygiene measures introduced into the Devonport Dockyard from the mid-1960s have resulted in an earlier decline in the incidence of malignant mesothelioma than that predicted for the British workforce as a whole.     

Organophosphate toxicity and occupational exposure

The ubiquitous organophosphates present a continuing health hazard in agriculture, public health eradication programmes and as chemical warfare agents. Despite significant progress in understanding the potential mechanisms of toxicity far beyond the commonly accepted mechanism of cholinesterase inhibition in intentional exposures, the precise health effects following occupational exposures are yet to be completely defined. A much greater understanding exists of the clinical features of organophosphate poisoning. These are characterized by a triphasic response involving an initial acute cholinergic phase, an intermediate syndrome (both associated with high mortality) and a disabling but non-lethal delayed polyneuropathy. The delayed polyneuropathy may occur in the absence of the cholinergic or intermediate phases. However, progress is still required in order to improve the quantification and assessment of occupational exposures and the implementation of appropriate preventive measures. Finally, evidence-based guidelines for appropriate or optimal therapeutic interventions following poisoning are required urgently and collaborative work with colleagues in developing countries, where the occurrence of organophosphate exposures is more frequent, may provide the answers.     

Miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in underground miners

This report documents a case series of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in miners at a deep underground metalliferous mine in tropical arid Australia. During the summer months of February and March 1999, all cases of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in underground miners seen at the mine's medical centre were clinically examined and administered a questionnaire. Twenty-five patients were seen, an incidence of 56.4 cases per million man-hours. Miliaria rubra was most often located between the ankle and knee (88% of cases). Twenty-four percent had concurrent folliculitis and 20% had concurrent tinea. Thirty-two percent had a personal history of asthma. Walking through ground-water and splashing of the legs was common. Three to 4 weeks of sedentary duties in air conditioning was generally required to achieve resolution of miliaria rubra. The incidence of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs is 38% of the incidence of heat exhaustion at the same mine. The length of disablement is greater, however. Atopics may be at increased risk of miliaria rubra. Control measures are discussed.     

Planning research

The starting point for any research project should be a question.Once this has been defined and the relevant scientific literaturereviewed, a protocol should be drawn up. This will be used notonly as a guide to the conduct of the study and in the preparationof the final report, but also in seeking any financial supportand approvals that are required for the investigation. A protocolis normally arranged in sections covering the background tothe study, the question(s) that it will address, the methodsthat will be used for the collection and analysis of data, thestatistical power of the investigation (where relevant), anyethical considerations, and the financial input that will beneeded. A pilot study is often helpful where aspects of thestudy method are untried or of uncertainvalidity.     

Stress in the Norwegian police service

BACKGROUND: High levels of stress have been attributed to the conditions of police work, but there is little empirical evidence for this. AIMS: To develop a new instrument to measure job stress in the police; to assess the most severe and frequent police stressors; to compare levels of stress according to the demographic and organizational factors; and to study stress in relation to personality traits, work locus of control and coping strategies. METHODS: A comprehensive nationwide questionnaire survey of 3272 Norwegian police at all hierarchical levels, including the Norwegian Police Stress Survey (NPSS), the Job Stress Survey, the Basic Character Inventory, the Work Locus of Control Scale, and the Coping Strategies Scale. RESULTS: Work injuries were appraised as the most stressful but least frequent stressor and job pressure was reported the least severe but most frequent stressor. Females experienced job stressors less frequently, but appraised them as more severe than men did. Older police officers reported more job pressure severity and fewer work injuries. The police in districts where peer support was planned but not implemented, and who worked in districts with more than 50,000 inhabitants, perceived the lack of support more severely than others. The correlations between stress and personality traits, work locus of control, and coping were moderate. CONCLUSIONS: The NPSS captures police-specific stressors that are not adequately measured by global stress instruments. The study of stress in police work should preferably involve a nationwide use of police-specific stress instruments.