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1.
不同剂量CHO重组乙肝疫苗免疫效果及联合HBIG阻断母婴传播效果研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 为探讨不同剂量CHO重组乙肝疫苗免疫效果及其联合HBIG阻断母婴传播的效果。 方法 采用血清流行病学的方法对CHO重组乙肝疫苗的免疫效果及联合HBIG阻断母婴传播效果进行追踪调查。 结果 乙肝疫苗不同免疫方案对HBsAg阴性产妇的新生儿产生抗 -HBs滴度 (GMT)的差异无显蓍的统计学意义 ;CHO重组乙肝疫苗2 0 μg -2 0 μg -2 0 μg组与其首针同时联合臀部肌肉注射HBIg 10 0IU组对产妇HBsAg、HBeAg单、双阳性的新生儿的母婴传播阻断率的差异有显著的统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。 结论 CHO重组乙肝疫苗能产生较好的免疫效果 ,对HBsAg阴性产妇的新生儿采用CHO重组乙肝疫苗 2 0 μg -10 μg -10 μg进行免疫更为经济有效 ;CHO重组乙肝疫苗 2 0 μg -2 0μg -2 0 μg且首针同时联合臀部肌肉注射HBIg 10 0IU组阻断母婴乙肝传播效果优于单独使用CHO重组乙肝疫苗 2 0 μg-2 0 μg -2 0 μg组。 相似文献
2.
目的客观评价两种基因重组酵母乙肝疫苗联合乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(HBIG)在HBV母婴传播中的免疫效果。方法对在我院分娩的产妇,收集资料完整的HBsAg、HBeAg单、双阳性产妇正常分娩的健康状况良好的新生儿176例,随机分成2组,第1组接种汉逊酵母(大连疫苗)85例,第2组接种酿酒酵母(康泰疫苗)91例,两组同时联用乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(HBIG)100IU。两组均采用0、1、6月龄免疫程序,全程接种三针,疫苗剂量每次10斗g。全程免疫后1个月和6个月检测抗一HBs和抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)。结果汉逊酵母乙肝疫苗和酿酒酵母乙肝疫苗全程免疫后1个月和6个月,抗一HBs阳转率(≥10mlU/m1)分别为91.76%、88.06%和90.11%、85.71%,抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为337.79mlU/ml、313.82mlU/ml和312.75mlU/ml、281.15mlU/ml,HBsAg阳性率分别为2.35%和3%,阻断保护率分别为97.39%和96.33%.从两组数据比较结果来看,抗一HBs阳转率、抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)、HBsAg阳性率和阻断保护率,统计学检验均无显著性差异。结论汉逊酵母与酿酒酵母乙肝疫苗对阻断HBV母婴传播的近期免疫效果均较好.酿酒酵母疫苗的免疫效果得到了普遍公认,汉逊酵母乙肝疫苗在阻断HBV母婴传播的免疫效果比较的报道比较少,远期安全性和免疫效果的持久性比较,仍需作进一步跟踪观察。 相似文献
3.
抚顺地区两种乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播阻断方案效果评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
刘晓萍 《中国预防医学杂志》2006,7(1):56-58
目的评价抚顺地区采用的两种乙型肝炎病毒母婴阻断技术的保护效果。方法1999—2000年两年期间,市传染病院应用基因重组乙肝疫苗2支加乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG)200U,对79例乙肝病毒HBsAg、HBeAg双阳性孕妇及其新生儿进行HBV母婴阻断;选取同期在市级综合性医院出生、出生后按常规剂量单纯全程注射重组酵母疫苗、双阳性母亲所生的79例新生儿做对照。随访两组新生儿乙肝标志物(HBV—M)3年。结果联合组母婴阻断率为96.94%(95%CI:93.93%~99.95%),单苗组母婴阻断率为86.36%(95%CI:82.93%-89.79%),联合母婴阻断率明显高于单苗组。联合组新生儿HBsAb阳性率及抗体滴度几何均数(GMT)均显著高于单苗组,HBsAb阴转率、HBcAb阳性率则显著低于单苗组,二组新生儿HBcAb阴转率差异无统计学意义,且均无HBcAg、HBeAb、HBV-DNA阳性者。随访中二组均无不良反应者。结论乙肝疫苗、HBIG主动被动联合免疫阻断HBV母婴传播效果确切,明显优于常规剂量的单纯重组酵母疫苗。 相似文献
4.
HBsAg阳性孕妇及其新生儿用HBIG对乙型肝炎病毒母婴传播的阻断效果观察 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
目的 探讨乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )表面抗原 (HBs Ag)阳性母亲产前用乙肝免疫球蛋白 (HBIG)及其婴儿 HBIG联合乙型肝炎疫苗阻断母婴传播的效果。方法 对 2 4 3名 HBs Ag阳性孕妇孕晚期每月注射 HBIG 2 0 0 IU ,新生儿出生后采股静脉血 ,同时在出生后 2 4 h内注射 HBIG 2 0 0 IU ,然后在 0、1、6月龄接种基因重组型乙肝疫苗 ,每次 5μg。并和 4 0 2例产前未注射 HBIG的 HBs Ag阳性孕妇比较 ,其所生新生儿在 0、1、6 (30 μg、10 μg、10 μg)月龄只用血源型乙肝疫苗免疫 ;两组婴儿都分别在 1、3、6、12、2 4月龄静脉采血 ,用酶联免疫吸附试验 (EL ISA)检测 HBV标志物 ,同时随访。结果 孕妇注射 HBIG组的宫内感染率为 2 .4 7% ,低于未注射 HBIG组 3.73% ,差异无显著性(χ2 =0 .77,P >0 .0 5 )。产前用 HBIG和新生儿 HBIG联合疫苗组没有发生慢性 HBV感染的婴儿 ,而未注射 HBIG孕妇所生的 4 0 2例婴儿中 ,有 9例婴儿发生慢性 HBV感染 ,其母亲都是 HBs Ag和乙肝 e抗原 (HBe Ag)均阳性 ,主要是宫内感染。结论 产前用 HBIG和新生儿 HBIG联合免疫可降低慢性 HBV感染率 ,阻断宫内感染的慢性化 ,提高产时感染的阻断效果 相似文献
5.
基因重组乙型肝炎疫苗用于成人的免疫程序和接种剂量的研究 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8
目的 探讨成人基因重组乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗的免疫程序和免疫剂量。方法 选择射阳县盐东镇和盘湾镇一般健康状况良好的15~6 0岁、经筛查乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗 HBc)均为阴性的116 8名农民为对象,随机分为12个研究小组,选用重组(酵母)乙肝疫苗(5 μg、10 μg)、重组[中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO细胞) ]乙肝疫苗(10 μg、2 0 μg)和0、1、2个月与0、1、6个月两种免疫程序进行免疫效果观察。结果 全程免疫后1个月时,12个组抗 HBs阳性率为72 . 83%~98 .99% ,抗 HBs几何平均滴度(GMT)为34 .4 5mIU/ml~2 0 .1 0 8mIU/ml;6个月时,12个组抗 HBs阳性率为5 5 . 0 0 %~95 . 10 % ,抗 HBsGMT为2 7. 0 1mIU/ml~81. 81mIU/ml。不同免疫方案之间抗HBs阳性率和GMT的差异均有非常显著的统计学意义。高剂量疫苗组抗 HBs阳性率、GMT和抗体高滴度分布比例均高于低剂量疫苗组;0、1、6个月程序抗HBs阳性率和GMT高于0、1、2个月程序;重组(CHO细胞)乙肝疫苗抗 HBs阳性率和GMT高于重组(酵母)乙肝疫苗,重组(CHO细胞)乙肝疫苗10 μg诱导的抗 HBsGMT显著优于10 μg重组(酶母)乙肝疫苗,但抗HBs阳性率差异无显著的统计学意义。结论 对成人开展乙肝疫苗接种应选择高剂量的乙肝疫苗, 相似文献
6.
《预防医学情报杂志》2017,(4)
目的了解产妇乙肝标志物筛查情况及乙肝病毒(HBV)母婴阻断工作开展现状,评价乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBs Ag)阳性产妇筛查及新生儿母婴阻断措施开展情况。方法在四川省彭州市和西充县选取2013-01-01/2014-03-31期间在医院产前筛查出的乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBs Ag)阳性住院分娩产妇及新生儿作为调查对象,开展流行病学调查。结果调查地区医疗机构产妇HBV血清学标志物筛查均采用国产酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)试剂,产妇HBs Ag阳性筛查率为5.18%,新生儿乙肝疫苗首针及时率为99.72%。随访的330名HBs Ag阳性产妇的新生儿均开展乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG)联合乙肝疫苗(Hep B)免疫策略,89.79%的新生儿接种10μg重组Hep B(酵母)。新生儿HBs Ag阳性率2.1%,乙肝病毒表面抗体(Anti-HBs)阳性率93.09%。不同喂养方式(χ~2=8.210,P=0.004)和母亲乙肝病毒e抗原(HBe Ag)产前不同检测结果(χ~2=4.500,P=0.034)对新生儿HBs Ag阳性率差异有统计学意义。结论调查地区HBV垂直传播母婴阻断措施实施效果显著,且不受喂养方式和分娩方式的影响,HBs Ag和HBe Ag双阳性和HBV DNA水平较高(106 U/ml)孕妇应为母婴阻断的重点人群。 相似文献
7.
目的 研究国产基因乙肝疫苗免疫效果。方法 (1)HBsAg阳性母亲所生新生儿42名(A组),接种基因乙肝疫苗5—5—5ug三针,观察阻断母婴传播保护率及抗-HBs阳性率和GMT水平。(2)HBV感染标志阴性母亲所生新生儿107名(B组),接种5—5—5ug三针基因乙肝疫苗,观察抗-HBs阳性率和GMT水平。(3)出生时全程接种血源乙肝疫苗后已4年的儿童(C组),用5ug基因乙肝疫苗进行加强免疫,观察抗-HBs水平。结果 A组阻断母婴传播保护率为83.09%、全程接种后1个月抗-HBs阳性率69.05%,GMT280.59,全程接种后6个月抗-HBs阳性率90.24%,GMT246.65。B组全程接种后1个月抗-HBs阳性率73.8396,GMT269.22、全程接种后6个月抗-HBs阳性率96.2396,GMT287.90。C组加强免疫取得良好的抗-HBs应答。 相似文献
8.
9.
[目的]了解乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG)乙肝疫苗联合阻断母婴传播的效果,为制定阻断乙肝母婴传播对策提供科学依据。[方法]2006年,在武进区选择200例血清HBsAg阳性孕妇,随机分为2组,实验组孕妇怀孕14周起每周注射HBIG200IU,临产时加强一剂;婴儿出生后注射1剂,同时按0、1、6个月接种10μg重组酵母乙肝疫苗。对照组孕妇孕产期不注射HBIG;婴儿出生时注射HBIG200IU,同样程序接种乙肝疫苗。2组婴儿均采取母乳喂养。[结果]1岁时婴儿HBsAg阳性率,实验组为8.00%,对照组为19.00%(P〈0.05);1岁时婴儿抗-HBs阳性率,实验组为26.00%,对照组为14.00%(P〈0.05)。[结论]对HBsAg阳性孕妇在孕中、后期注射HBIG可以提高乙肝母婴阻断效果。 相似文献
10.
目的:探讨母婴HBVM的关系及阻断HBV母婴传播的方法、效果。方法:将母婴随机分成3组,A组新生儿0、1、6月注射乙肝疫苗;B组新生儿注射乙肝疫苗+高效价乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIg);C组新生儿注射乙肝疫苗+HBIg+母亲注射HBIg。ELISA法检测母亲、脐血、新生儿HBVM并随访1~2年检测小儿HBVM。结果:HBeAg/HBV-DNA(+)母亲所生新生儿及脐血HBeAg阳性率为64.71%、82.35%,而HBeAg/HBV-DNA(-)母亲所生新生儿及脐血HBsAg阳性率为20.835、33.33%。随访结束A组14例:11例抗HBs(+),2例HBeAg(+),1例HBeAg(-)、抗HBs(-)(无免疫应答);B组15例:13例抗HBs(+),1例HBeAgg(+),1例无免疫应答:C组12例;11例抗HBs(+),1例无免疫应答。3组阻断率分别为78.57%,86.67%,91.67%。结论:母亲病情及HBVM状况是母婴传播的重要因素;3种方法均能起到阻断作用,但主动+被动免疫能增强阻断作用。 相似文献
11.
A randomized, controlled study in adults of the immunogenicity of a novel hepatitis B vaccine containing MF59 adjuvant. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
T C Heineman M L Clements-Mann G A Poland R M Jacobson A E Izu D Sakamoto J Eiden G A Van Nest H H Hsu 《Vaccine》1999,17(22):2769-2778
The safety and immunogenicity of a novel hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine containing recombinant PreS2 and S antigens combined with MF59 adjuvant (HBV/MF59) was evaluated in healthy adults (N=230) who were randomized to receive 2 or 3 immunizations of either the study vaccine or a licensed control vaccine (Recombivax HB). After a single immunization, 105 of 118 (89%) recipients of HBV/MF59 achieved protective serum levels of anti-HBs antibody (> 10 mIU/ml), compared with 13 of 110 (12%) recipients of licensed vaccine (P < 0.001). The geometric mean titer (GMT) after 2 doses of HBV/MF59 given 2 months apart (13,422 mIU/ml) was more than 5-fold higher than that following 3 doses of licensed vaccine given over 6 months (2,346 mIU/ml; P < 0.001). The GMT following 3 injections of HBV/MF59 (249,917 mIU/ml) was 100-fold higher than licensed vaccine (P < 0.001). Anti-PreS2 antibodies were elicited in over 90% of the subset of HBV/MF59 recipients tested. Both vaccines were well tolerated; transient, mild-to-moderate local inflammation was the major postinjection reaction. 相似文献
12.
两种重组乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果对比研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
目的 客观地评价北京市现行不同乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗的免疫效果。方法 选择既往无乙肝疫苗接种史的大学生及出生时全程免疫过的儿童,检测血清HBsAg、抗-HBs及抗-HBc,全阴性者作为观察对象。入选大学生280人,按照0、1、6个月程序进行3针基础免疫,其中接种重组酿酒酵母乙肝疫苗(10μg、5μg、5μg)140人,重组汉逊酵母乙肝疫苗(10μg、10μg、10μg)140人。入选儿童98人进行1针加强免疫,其中酿酒酵母疫苗49人(5μg),汉逊酵母疫苗49人(10μg)。免疫后1个月采血检测抗-HBs。结果 大学生3针免疫后,抗-HBs有效阳转率(≥10mIU/ml)酿酒酵母疫苗低于汉逊酵母疫苗(93.5%,99.3%,P〈0.05),几何平均滴度(GMT)二:者差异无统计学意义(81.2mIU/ml,94.6mIu/ml,P〉0.05)。从男性看,接种酿酒酵母疫苗的抗体有效阳转率及GMT均低于汉逊酵母疫苗(85.7%,100.0%,P〈0.01)(56.6mIU/ml,98.6mIU/ml,P〈0.01),而对于女性,差异均无统计学意义(98.8%,98.5%,P〉0.05)(103.4mIU/ml,90.3mIU/ml,P〉0.05)。从同种疫苗不同性别看,接种酿酒酵母疫苗抗体有效阳转率及GMT男性均低于女性(85.7%,98.8%,P〈0.01)(56.6mIU/ml,103.4mIU/ml,P〈0.01),而汉逊酵母疫苗男女性差异均无统计学意义(100.0%,98.5%,P〉0.05)(98.6mIU/ml,90.3mIU/ml,P〉0.05)。出生时按程序免疫的儿童,其抗-HBs阳性率随年龄增长呈下降趋势(P〈0.01)。70例阴转者经1针加强免疫后,98.6%出现阳转,GMT显著提高到免疫前的15倍。阳转率及GMT2种疫苗差异无统计学意义(100.0%,97.4%,P〉0.05)(80.5mIU/ml,68.5mIU/ml,P〉0.05)。结论 乙肝疫苗的接种效果与疫苗种类及受种者性别均有关系。成人基础免疫,按目前常规使用剂量,男性接种汉逊酵母疫苗效果优于酿酒酵母疫苗,女性2种疫苗效果均好。儿童加强免疫,2种疫苗效果均较理想。重组疫苗初免后抗体阴转者的免疫记忆良好,新生儿完成重组乙肝疫苗全程免疫后至少6年之内无需加强。 相似文献
13.
Hepatitis A and B vaccines are highly immunogenic in three-dose schedules. To obtain an equivalent result in children with two paediatric doses would be of significant benefit. The purpose of this study was to measure the immunogenicity of a two-dose schedule in children with two licensed recombinant HBsAg containing vaccines given at paediatric doses, one of them combined with hepatitis A. Seven-hundred and four healthy school children aged 8-10 years were recruited in an open label study to receive either Twinrix Pediatric (360 El.U HAV antigen; 10 microg HBsAg) or Recombivax (2.5 microg HBsAg) vaccine intramuscularly 6 months apart. The seroconversion (>/=1 mIU/ml for anti-HBs antibodies and >/=33 mIU/ml for anti-HAV antibodies), seroprotection (anti-HBs >/=10 mIU/ml) rates and the geometric mean titers (GMTs) were determined 4-8 weeks after the second dose. The anti-HBs seroconversion rate was 97.1% with Twinrix and 97.2% with Recombivax. The seroprotection rates were 96.5 and 94.4%, respectively (P = 0.17). The GMT was higher with Twinrix than with Recombivax (3248 mIU/ml versus 742 mIU/ml, P < 0.0001). All the children vaccinated with Twinrix seroconverted to HAV and the GMT was 5168 mIU/ml. The obtained results suggest that two paediatric doses of hepatitis vaccines are highly immunogenic in 8-10-year-old children. This schedule could facilitate a greater vaccine acceptance and the addition of hepatitis A vaccine to existing adolescent universal hepatitis B virus immunization programs. 相似文献
14.
广西壮族自治区隆安县乙型肝炎疫苗全程接种后的免疫记忆研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的了解接种全程乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗后的免疫记忆情况。方法1987-1989年出生时接种乙肝血源疫苗的1201名新生儿,以及1996-1999年出生时接种乙肝酵母重组疫苗的2484名新生儿,于2005年随访时检测乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、表面抗体(抗-HBs)和核心抗体(抗- HBc),结果959名3项乙肝病毒(HBV)标志物均阴性,其中228名接种乙肝血源疫苗,731名接种乙肝酵母重组疫苗,于加强免疫1针乙肝酵母重组疫苗后15 d时检测其抗-HBs。此外,随机选择11名加强免疫后无应答和22名有应答者,应用酶免疫斑点法(ELISPOT)测定白细胞介素-2(IL-2)。有初次免疫后抗-HBs定量检测资料者190名,比较其初次免疫和加强免疫后抗-HBs水平。结果加强免疫后,79.82%接种乙肝血源疫苗者抗-HBs阳转,几何平均滴度(GMT)为325.69 mIU/ml;95.62%接种乙肝酵母重组疫苗者抗-HBs阳转,GMT为745.18 mIU/ml。加强免疫后所产生的抗-HBs水平与初次免疫后抗体滴度有关。加强免疫后抗-HBs阳转者的IL-2阳性率(40.91%)也高于无应答者(P<0.01)。结论在乙肝疫苗初次免疫后,抗-HBs转阴者中,大部分仍具有免疫记忆,仅少部分在长期随访中丧失免疫记忆。因此,在高流行地区,对丧失免疫记忆者应进行乙肝疫苗加强免疫。 相似文献
15.
成人接种重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果观察 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
目的:探讨重组酵母乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(YDV)对厉人的免疫效果及其安全性,方法:在辽宁省北票市部分学校随机选择一般健康状况良好、乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(抗-HBs)及乙肝核心抗体(抗-HBc)三项指标均为阴性且体温正常的22-58岁的教师124名,按0、1、6个月程序,每次5μg/0.5ml接种国产重组酵母乙肝疫苗。结果:免疫后3、7、12和24个月时,抗-HBs阳转率分别为35.0%,83.3%,65.5%和32.7%,抗抗-HBs平均滴度分别为12.6、402.0、70.3和20.3mIU/ml;抗-HBs阳转率及其滴度均在7个月时达到高峰,以后又急剧下降,免疫后各月女性抗-HBs阳转率和滴度均高于男性;<35岁组的抗体阳性率高于≥35岁组,但12个月时,二比较差异有显意义;免疫3d后未出现局部和全身不良反应。结论:重组酵母乙肝疫苗对成人具有良好的免疫原性和安全性,其抗-HBs持续时间有待进一步观察。 相似文献
16.
A novel recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, trademarked Sci-B-Vac, was evaluated for safety, tolerability and immunogenicity in an open label trial performed in Singapore. The experimental vaccine, derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, consists of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles harbouring all three viral envelope polypeptides, the major S protein and the minor Pre-S2 and Pre-S1, in their glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms. The vaccine was administered intramuscularly at 0, 1 and 6 months. No unexpected adverse effects were observed. A high level anti-HBs response to Sci-B-Vac was indicative of its immunogenicity. Subsequent to the third injection, 100% and 92% of the 10 micrograms and 5 micrograms dose recipients, respectively, were seroprotected (anti-HBs titres greater than or equal to 10 mIU ml-1). Moreover, the geometric mean titres (GMT) of the anti-HBs response were very high: 2687 and 1473 mIU ml-1, respectively. An immunogenic advantage of Sci-B-Vac was also suggested by the rapid onset of antibody response: 96% of the 10 micrograms dose recipients were seroprotected with a GMT of 159 mIU ml-1, prior to the third injection. 相似文献
17.
Neal A. Halsey Earl J. Reppert Harold S. Margolis Donald P. Francis Howard A. Fields 《Vaccine》1986,4(4):228-232
Two low-dose intradermal regimens for hepatitis B vaccination were compared with the standard 1 ml dose administered intramuscularly to healthy, 22–42 year old individuals. All regimens were administered in an abbreviated time schedule. Nineteen individuals (ID-1 group) received three 0.1 ml (2 μg) doses intradermally at times 0, 1 month and 4 months. Twenty-four individuals (ID-2 group) received two injections of 0.2 ml (4 μg) each intradermally at time 0 and one 0.1 ml (2 μg) injection 4 months later. Twenty individuals (IM group) received the recommended three 1.0 ml (20 μg) doses intramuscularly at times 0, 1 month, and 4 months. No significant adverse reactions were attributable to the intradermal administration of vaccine although the majority of vaccinees developed small areas of induration and hyperpigmentation at the injection site that persisted for several months. One month following the last injection, all vaccinees had developed anti-HBsAg antibodies. One hundred percent of ID-1 and IM vaccinees and 95% of ID-2 vaccinees had protective levels of antibody (10 mIU ml−1). The geometric mean titre (GMT) for the IM group (2692 mIU ml−1) was somewhat higher than for the ID-1 (1230 mIU ml−I) and the ID-2 (851 mIU ml−1) groups, but the differences were not statistically significant. Since anti-HBs antibodies are thought to confer protection against hepatitis B, these results suggest that a shortened regimen of intradermal vaccine may be effective in healthy adults. However, no efficacy study has yet been done with intradermal hepatitis B vaccine. 相似文献
18.
重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗对成人的免疫效果及安全性的研究 总被引:24,自引:2,他引:22
目的:探讨重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗(YDV)对成人的免疫效果及安全性。方法:在辽宁省北票市部分学校选择一般健康状况良好,乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型肝炎表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙型肝炎核心抗体(抗-HBc)三项指标均为阴性,体温正常的22-58岁的教师,随机抽取124名,按0、1、6个月程序,每剂5μg/0.5ml接种卫生部北京生物制品研究所生产的重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗。结果:免疫3、7、12个月时,抗-HBs阳转率分别为35.0%、83.3%、67.2%(P<0.01)。抗-HBs平均滴度分别为12.63mIU/ml;402.04mIU/ml、70.28mIU/ml(P<0.01);抗-HBs阳转率及其滴度均在7个月时达到高峰,以后又急剧下降。免疫后3、7、12个月时,女性抗-HBs阳转率和滴度均高于男性。但仅抗-HBs滴度在免疫后3个月时两者之间差异有显著性;小于35岁的抗体阳转率高于35岁以上组,但仅在免疫后12个月时两者之间差异有显著性;而该两个年龄组间的抗-HBs滴度差异无显著性;免疫3d后局部和全身未见不良反应。结论:重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗对成人具有良好的免疫原性和安全性,其抗-HBs持续时间有待进一步观察。 相似文献
19.
Low-dose intradermal administration of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in children: 5-year follow-up study. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Several studies have documented the efficacy of low-dose intradermal administration of hepatitis B vaccine. However, little is known about the duration of protection provided by low-dose intradermal administration of hepatitis B vaccine. This study reports results from a 5-year follow up period of 200 healthy children (100 infants and 100 preschool children) immunized intradermally with 2 microg doses of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (GenHevac B) at months 0,1, and 6. In the 8th week after the third vaccine dose, 97% of the children developed anti-HBs antibodies higher than or equal to 10 mlU ml(-1), and the antiHBs geometric mean titre (GMT) was 676 mlU ml(-1). In month 18 and year 5, the anti-HBs GMT decreased to approximately one-third (220 mlU ml(-1)) and one-tenth (68 mlU ml(-1)) of the initial levels, respectively. However, 87% of the children had protective levels of anti-HBs (> or =10 mlU ml(-1)) after 5 years. Among 156 children followed for 5 years, none became positive for anti-HBc and/or HbsAg. Seven children who were seronegative after 5 years developed anti-HBs antibodies higher than 1000 mlU ml(-1) after an additional 10 microg intramuscular hepatitis B vaccine. Persistent immunologic memory over periods of 5 years or more is evident, the anamnestic antibody response to a booster dose of vaccine, even in these children who have lost antibody. We conclude that intradermal administration of 2 microg recombinant hepatitis B vaccine provides long-term protection against hepatitis B virus in infants and preschool children. 相似文献
20.
《Vaccine》2018,36(2):256-263
Background/aimsA birth dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG), in combination with hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), is recommended for infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers. However, the optimal dosage of HBIG remains to be resolved. This prospective cohort study aimed to compare the efficacy of two dosages of HBIG combined with HepB to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV.MethodsFrom 2009 to 2011, we prospectively enrolled mother-infant pairs with positive maternal HBsAg in China. Infants were assigned to receive one dose of 100 IU or 200 IU HBIG within 12 h of birth according to maternal numbering, followed by completion of the 3-dose 10 μg HepB series. At 7 months, post-vaccination serologic testing (PVST) was performed in 545 and 632 infants in 100 IU and 200 IU HBIG groups, respectively, among whom, 451 and 529 were followed up to 12 months.ResultsMaternal and birth characteristics were comparable between infants in 100 IU and 200 IU HBIG groups. At 7 months, the rates of perinatal infection were 1.5% (8/545) and 1.9% (12/632) in 100 IU and 200 IU HBIG groups, respectively (p = .568). One non-responder infant in 200 IU HBIG group became newly infected at 12 months. The antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) positive rates were 98.5% (529/537) and 98.2% (609/620) in 100 IU and 200 IU HBIG groups at 7 months, respectively (p = .704), and the corresponding figures were 98.2% (431/439) and 97.1% (496/511) at 12 months (p = .266). The anti-HBs geometric mean concentrations were comparable between two groups at 7 months (707.95 mIU/mL vs. 602.56 mIU/mL, p = .062) and 12 months (245.47 mIU/mL vs. 229.09 mIU/mL, p = .407).ConclusionsOne birth dose of 100 IU HBIG, combined with the HepB series, might be enough for preventing MTCT of HBV in infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers. 相似文献