2013年血培养病原菌分布与耐药性分析

目的监测和分析血培养中的主要病原菌分布及其耐药性,以指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法收集医院2013年1-12月临床送检的1 005份血培养标本中分离出的病原菌,采用Bact/Alert 3D全自动血培养对血标本进行检测,阳性标本的分离菌株用MicroScan WalkAway 96PLUS进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果 1 005份血培养标本共分离出病原菌60株,检出阳性率为5.97%,其中革兰阳性菌38株占63.33%、革兰阴性菌21株占35.00%、真菌1株占1.67%;葡萄球菌属中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)检出率分别为40.00%和93.33%,对万古霉素、利奈唑胺的耐药率均为0;大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的检出率分别为66.67%和40.00%,对亚胺培南、美罗培南、阿米卡星的耐药率均为0。结论医院血流感染的病原菌分布广、抗菌药物耐药性严重,应合理应用抗菌药物,抑制耐药菌的传播。     

血培养病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的了解血培养阳性标本检出的病原菌分布和耐药性,为临床医师合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法采用BacT/Alert 3D全自动血培养仪进行血培养,VITEK-32全自动细菌鉴定仪进行鉴定,用K-B纸片法进行体外药敏试验。结果从送检的2150份血培养标本中共分离出病原菌266株,阳性率为12.4%;其中革兰阴性杆菌149株,占56.0%,以大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌为主,革兰阳性球菌98例,占36.9%,以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为主,真菌19例,占7.1%;药敏结果显示,主要革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁高度敏感,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南高度敏感。结论血培养病原菌种类复杂,耐药率高,临床应及时监测病原菌的变化及耐药趋势,合理应用抗菌药物,防止抗菌药物的滥用及新耐药菌株的产生。     

血培养常见病原菌分布及药敏分析

目的了解医院门诊与住院患者血培养阳性标本检出的病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供参考。方法采用法国生物梅里埃公司的BacT/Alert240全自动血培养仪进行培养检测,阳性标本转种后用法国生物梅里埃公司API鉴定系统进行鉴定,然后用K-B法进行药敏测试。结果送检的2423份标本中,血培养阳性率10.73%,检出病原菌260株,其中革兰阳性球菌占53.46%,革兰阴性杆菌占42.69%,真菌占3.85%,检出率最高的病原菌为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌;主要革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、替考拉林,阿米卡星呈高度敏感,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南/西司他丁、美罗培南100.00%敏感。结论血培养分离出的病原菌耐药率高,及时了解血培养结果,对临床有针对性的抗菌治疗,提高治愈率有重要意义。     

血培养阳性标本病原菌分布与药敏性分析

目的了解医院2009-2012年血培养标本培养阳性病原菌分布以及药敏性,为临床合理用药提供实验室依据,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法回顾性分析2009-2012年4 847份血培养标本,采用法国生物梅里埃公司BacT/ALERT3D全自动血培养仪,分离菌株鉴定和药敏试验采用VITEK-60全自动细菌鉴定药敏仪。结果 4 847份血培养标本中检测阳性标本897份,阳性率18.5%;共检出病原菌897株,其中革兰阳性菌343株占38.2%,革兰阴性菌497株占55.4%,真菌57株占6.4%;主要革兰阳性菌对利奈唑胺、万古霉素敏感率均为100.0%;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和阴沟肠杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的敏感率为100.0%;而铜绿假单胞菌和鲍氏不动杆菌则显示较高的耐药性。结论引起患者血流感染的主要病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,临床医师应高度重视血培养,根据药敏结果合理使用抗菌药物,减少多药耐药菌株的出现,预防控制医院感染。     

血培养病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解浙江北部山区某医院血培养阳性标本中的病原菌分布和耐药性,以指导临床合理用药.方法 采用全自动血培养仪Bact/Alert120及专用血培养瓶培养细菌,阳性瓶转种血平板,细菌鉴定采用VITEK-2Compact全自动细菌分析仪,药敏试验采用K-B法,按CLIS 2009年标准判定结果;采用WHONET 5.4软件对2009年1月—2012年10月7941例血培养标本所分离的病原菌及药敏结果进行统计分析.结果 7941份血培养标本共检出病原菌588株,阳性率为7.40％,其中革兰阳性菌376株占64.0％,革兰阴性菌164株占27.9％,真菌22株占3.7％,排名前4位病原菌依次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌,分别占50.7％、9.9％、9.5％、8.5％;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌除对万古霉素、利奈唑胺100.0％敏感外,对其他抗菌药物均产生了一定的耐药性,其中MRSA占57.1％,MRCNS占41.6％;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌除对其中亚胺培南、美罗培南、阿米卡星敏感外,对其他抗菌药物均产生了较严重的耐药性,白色假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌除1株白色假丝酵母菌对两性霉素B耐药外,其余菌株对两性霉素B、氟胞嘧啶、氟康唑、伏立康唑和伊曲康唑等均敏感.结论 血液标本病原菌检出率相对较低,以革兰阳性菌为主,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌所占比例高,抗菌药物耐药率较高;了解血流感染病原菌的分布和耐药性,对减少医院感染、指导临床合理使用抗菌药物有重要意义.     

24141份血培养病原菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解医院2009年1月-2011年12月血培养阳性标本检出的病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床血流感染的诊断、治疗提供依据.方法 采用BacT/Alert 3D全自动血培养仪进行血培养,VITEK-2 Compact全自动微生物分析系统进行鉴定,用K-B纸片法进行体外药敏试验,应用WHONET 5.4软件对结果进行统计分析.结果 从24141份血液标本中培养分离病原菌1289株,检出阳性率为5.3％,革兰阴性菌667株,占51.7％,包括大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌等,分别占15.2％、7.4％、6.9％、5.5％,革兰阳性菌447株,占34.7％,包括表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、人葡萄球菌、溶血性葡萄球菌等,分别占7.7％、5.6％、3.5％、3.2％,真菌133株,占10.3％,包括白色假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌,分别占3.2％、2.3％;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南、阿米卡星高度敏感;铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌对各类抗菌药物的敏感率普遍较低;革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素、替考拉林和喹奴普汀/达福普汀高度敏感;真菌对伏立康唑、两性霉素B、氟康唑高度敏感.结论 引起血流感染的病原菌的菌种复杂、耐药率高,临床应加强血流感染病原菌耐药性监测,合理使用抗菌药物.     

成人血流感染的临床特点及病原学分析北大核心CSCD

目的分析血流感染的临床特点及病原菌分布、耐药性特点,为临床抗感染治疗提供依据。方法对医院2006-2015年确诊为血流感染的544例病例资料进行回顾性分析.采用法国生物梅里埃公司BacT/Alert 3D全自动血培养仪对血液标本进行培养,采用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK-2全自动细菌鉴定系统对细菌培养阳性标本进行菌株鉴定,药敏测定采用纸片扩散法或稀释法。结果 544例血流感染患者平均(59.6±19.9)岁,男性患者286例占52.6%;社区获得性血流感染279例占51.3%,院内获得性感染265例占48.7%,总病死率26.5%;继发血流感染最常见的原发感染部位分别为肺部、泌尿系统、肝胆系统;血培养共分离出病原菌544株,其中革兰阴性菌328株占60.3%,革兰阳性菌153株占28.1%,真菌51株占9.4%,其他菌12株占2.2%,最常见的病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌85株,占全部大肠埃希菌50.9%,产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌24株,占40.0%;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出34株,占61.8%,耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌检出37株,占92.5%;大肠埃希菌对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星以及亚胺培南的敏感率均>90.0%;未检出耐万古霉素革兰阳性菌;利福平对葡萄球菌属较敏感,链球菌属对苯唑西林及头孢噻肟100.0%敏感。结论成人血流感染病原菌以肠杆菌科细菌为主,多药耐药菌检出率较高,定期开展医疗机构内的血流感染监测工作,对于指导抗菌药物合理应用及医院感染管理十分重要。     

血培养常见病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的分析医院血流感染病原菌的分布特点及耐药性变迁,为临床抗感染的预防与控制提供实验室依据。方法采用自动血培养仪BD9240对血培养瓶进行连续培养监测,全自动微生物分析系统对血标本中分离的病原菌进行鉴定和药敏试验,结果判定按照CLSI 2008标准。结果 2005-2011年共分离病原菌2 762株,其中革兰阳性菌1 296株占47.0%、革兰阴性菌1 387株占50.2%、真菌79株占2.8%;在2 762株非重复分离病原菌中,主要为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肠球菌属、铜绿假单胞菌及鲍氏不动杆菌分别占25.92%、20.06%、9.67%、8.73%、7.49%、4.85%及3.33%;产超广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌检出率分别为43.8%和24.3%;肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物仍保持100.00%敏感;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的检出率分别为56.00%占金黄色葡萄球菌和90.80%占凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,未发现耐万古霉素葡萄球菌;检出11株耐万古霉素屎肠球菌,耐药率为8.03%;大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南耐药率<1.00%,铜绿假单胞菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦耐药率<8.00%。结论医院血流感染病原菌主要为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,其次是大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素对革兰阳性球菌有较好的抗菌活性,碳青霉烯类及头孢哌酮/舒巴坦对革兰阴性杆菌有较好的抗菌活性。     

成人血流感染的临床特点及病原学分析

目的分析血流感染的临床特点及病原菌分布、耐药性特点,为临床抗感染治疗提供依据。方法对医院2006-2015年确诊为血流感染的544例病例资料进行回顾性分析.采用法国生物梅里埃公司BacT/Alert 3D全自动血培养仪对血液标本进行培养,采用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK-2全自动细菌鉴定系统对细菌培养阳性标本进行菌株鉴定,药敏测定采用纸片扩散法或稀释法。结果 544例血流感染患者平均(59.6±19.9)岁,男性患者286例占52.6%;社区获得性血流感染279例占51.3%,院内获得性感染265例占48.7%,总病死率26.5%;继发血流感染最常见的原发感染部位分别为肺部、泌尿系统、肝胆系统;血培养共分离出病原菌544株,其中革兰阴性菌328株占60.3%,革兰阳性菌153株占28.1%,真菌51株占9.4%,其他菌12株占2.2%,最常见的病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌85株,占全部大肠埃希菌50.9%,产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌24株,占40.0%;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出34株,占61.8%,耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌检出37株,占92.5%;大肠埃希菌对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星以及亚胺培南的敏感率均>90.0%;未检出耐万古霉素革兰阳性菌;利福平对葡萄球菌属较敏感,链球菌属对苯唑西林及头孢噻肟100.0%敏感。结论成人血流感染病原菌以肠杆菌科细菌为主,多药耐药菌检出率较高,定期开展医疗机构内的血流感染监测工作,对于指导抗菌药物合理应用及医院感染管理十分重要。     

ICU感染患者血培养病原菌分布特点及药敏分析

目的 了解医院ICU感染患者血培养标本的病原菌分布特点及耐药性,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物.方法 病原菌采用VITEK-32金自动微生物分析系统进行鉴定,药敏试验采用VITEK-32全自动微生物分析系统和K-B纸片扩散法相结合,应用WHONET5.5软件进行统计学分析所分离的病原菌分布和药敏检测结果.结果 1632例血培养阳性237例,检出病原菌256株,检出阳性率为14.5％;其中革兰阳性菌110株占43.0％,革兰阴性菌86株占33.6％,真菌60株占23.4％,革兰阳性菌以溶血葡萄球菌、人葡萄球菌为主,对万古霉素敏感,敏感率为100.0％,革兰阴性菌以洋葱伯克霍尔德菌、肺炎克雷伯菌为主,革兰阴性菌中除洋葱伯克霍尔德菌外,其他对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦均较敏感,真菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主,对常用抗真菌药均较敏感.结论 医院ICU血培养分离的病原菌分布范围比较广,耐药性差异较大,对血培养分离株进行早期监测和耐药性分析非常必要,可为临床医师合理应用抗菌药物提供重要依据,防止抗菌药物滥用和新耐药菌株的产生.     

The human drama of genetics: 'hard' and 'soft' media representations of inherited breast cancer

This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.     

Worker education in the primary prevention of occupational dermatoses

This paper reports the evaluation of a skin care education programmeconducted on a fine chemicals manufacturing site where over1,000 employees are located. Approximately 60% are involvedin chemical manufacture. Over a 12 month period production staffreceived training in prevention of occupational dermatoses linkedto a site-wide poster initiative. The incidence of new casesof occupational dermatoses fell from 0.055 (70 cases in 1,277employees) to 0.021 (27 cases in 1,277 employees) before andafter the intervention respectively (p<0.0001). After otherfactors such as chemicals handled, observer bias and changesin reporting related to socioeconomic climate were taken intoaccount it is concluded that this study demonstrates the importanceof worker education as a tool for primary prevention of disease.Training materials such as video and poster presentations maybe effectively used in the chemical manufacturing industry asan adjunct to prevention and control of exposure to substanceshazardous to the skin. Such methods may also be used in otherindustries where there are significant risks of dermatoses.     

Regional Variation in Travel-related Illness acquired in Africa,March 1997–May 2011

To understand geographic variation in travel-related illness acquired in distinct African regions, we used the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network database to analyze records for 16,893 ill travelers returning from Africa over a 14-year period. Travelers to northern Africa most commonly reported gastrointestinal illnesses and dog bites. Febrile illnesses were more common in travelers returning from sub-Saharan countries. Eleven travelers died, 9 of malaria; these deaths occurred mainly among male business travelers to sub-Saharan Africa. The profile of illness varied substantially by region: malaria predominated in travelers returning from Central and Western Africa; schistosomiasis, strongyloidiasis, and dengue from Eastern and Western Africa; and loaisis from Central Africa. There were few reports of vaccine-preventable infections, HIV infection, and tuberculosis. Geographic profiling of illness acquired during travel to Africa guides targeted pretravel advice, expedites diagnosis in ill returning travelers, and may influence destination choices in tourism.     

The design of hazard risk assessment matrices for ranking occupational health risks and their application in mining and minerals processing

Two hazard risk assessment matrices for the ranking of occupational health risks are described. The qualitative matrix uses qualitative measures of probability and consequence to determine risk assessment codes for hazard-disease combinations. A walk-through survey of an underground metalliferous mine and concentrator is used to demonstrate how the qualitative matrix can be applied to determine priorities for the control of occupational health hazards. The semi-quantitative matrix uses attributable risk as a quantitative measure of probability and uses qualitative measures of consequence. A practical application of this matrix is the determination of occupational health priorities using existing epidemiological studies. Calculated attributable risks from epidemiological studies of hazard-disease combinations in mining and minerals processing are used as examples. These historic response data do not reflect the risks associated with current exposures. A method using current exposure data, known exposure-response relationships and the semi-quantitative matrix is proposed for more accurate and current risk rankings.     

Psychopathological features of a patient population of targets of workplace bullying

BACKGROUND: A strong association between workplace bullying and subsequent anxiety and depression, indicated by empirical research, suggests that bullying is an aetiological factor for mental health problems. AIMS: To evaluate levels of stress and anxiety-depression disorder developed by targets of workplace bullying together with outcome at 12 months and to characterize this population in terms of psychopathology and sociodemographic features. METHODS: Forty-eight patients (36 women and 12 men) meeting Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror criteria for bullying were included in a prospective study. Evaluations were performed at first consultation and at 12 months using a standard clinical interview, a visual analogue scale of stress, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale, the Beech scale of stress in the workplace and a projective test (Picture-Frustration Study). RESULTS: At first consultation, 81% of patients showed high levels of perceived stress at work and 83 and 52% presented with anxiety or depression, respectively. At 12 months, only 19% of working patients expressed a feeling of stress at work. There was a significant change in symptoms of anxiety while there was no change in symptoms of depression. Stress at work and depression influenced significatively capacity to go back to work. At 12-month assessments, workers showed a significantly better score on the HAD scale than non-workers. Over half the targets presented a neuroticism-related predominant personality trait. CONCLUSION: Workplace bullying can have severe mental health repercussions, triggering serious and persistent underlying disorders.     

The rise and fall in incidence of malignant mesothelioma from a British Naval Dockyard, 1979-1999

BACKGROUND: The incidence of malignant mesothelioma in Britain is predicted to rise over the next 15-25 years because of past failure to protect the workforce against inhalation of asbestos. In British Naval dockyards, alternative insulation materials and respiratory protection were introduced from the mid-1960s. Aims This study was carried out to investigate the effects of these control measures on mesothelioma deaths in dockyard workers. METHODS: Cases of mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum between 1979 and 1999 in workers from the Devonport Naval Dockyard, south-west England, were sought from coroners' and medico-legal records. RESULTS: Three hundred and one cases were identified, 7% peritoneal. The peak incidence occurred in 1991 with 25 cases per annum (quadratic model fit R(2) = 74.2%, P < 0.001) and we predict that by 2003 the incidence will fall to fewer than five cases per annum. The mean time between first exposure and presentation was 48.5 years [95% confidence interval (CI) = 47.3-49.8], but this was significantly shorter in the more heavily exposed trades, when compared with the less heavily exposed (42 years, 95% CI = 39.0-45.0, versus 49.5 years, 95% CI = 48.2-50.9). Those with higher exposure were also at significantly greater risk of peritoneal disease (P < 0.023, Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSION: The reduction in incidence of mesothelioma is greater than can be accounted for by reduction in numbers of dockyard workers over the last 50 years. Changes in insulation materials and improved industrial hygiene measures introduced into the Devonport Dockyard from the mid-1960s have resulted in an earlier decline in the incidence of malignant mesothelioma than that predicted for the British workforce as a whole.     

Organophosphate toxicity and occupational exposure

The ubiquitous organophosphates present a continuing health hazard in agriculture, public health eradication programmes and as chemical warfare agents. Despite significant progress in understanding the potential mechanisms of toxicity far beyond the commonly accepted mechanism of cholinesterase inhibition in intentional exposures, the precise health effects following occupational exposures are yet to be completely defined. A much greater understanding exists of the clinical features of organophosphate poisoning. These are characterized by a triphasic response involving an initial acute cholinergic phase, an intermediate syndrome (both associated with high mortality) and a disabling but non-lethal delayed polyneuropathy. The delayed polyneuropathy may occur in the absence of the cholinergic or intermediate phases. However, progress is still required in order to improve the quantification and assessment of occupational exposures and the implementation of appropriate preventive measures. Finally, evidence-based guidelines for appropriate or optimal therapeutic interventions following poisoning are required urgently and collaborative work with colleagues in developing countries, where the occurrence of organophosphate exposures is more frequent, may provide the answers.     

Miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in underground miners

This report documents a case series of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in miners at a deep underground metalliferous mine in tropical arid Australia. During the summer months of February and March 1999, all cases of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in underground miners seen at the mine's medical centre were clinically examined and administered a questionnaire. Twenty-five patients were seen, an incidence of 56.4 cases per million man-hours. Miliaria rubra was most often located between the ankle and knee (88% of cases). Twenty-four percent had concurrent folliculitis and 20% had concurrent tinea. Thirty-two percent had a personal history of asthma. Walking through ground-water and splashing of the legs was common. Three to 4 weeks of sedentary duties in air conditioning was generally required to achieve resolution of miliaria rubra. The incidence of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs is 38% of the incidence of heat exhaustion at the same mine. The length of disablement is greater, however. Atopics may be at increased risk of miliaria rubra. Control measures are discussed.     

Planning research

The starting point for any research project should be a question.Once this has been defined and the relevant scientific literaturereviewed, a protocol should be drawn up. This will be used notonly as a guide to the conduct of the study and in the preparationof the final report, but also in seeking any financial supportand approvals that are required for the investigation. A protocolis normally arranged in sections covering the background tothe study, the question(s) that it will address, the methodsthat will be used for the collection and analysis of data, thestatistical power of the investigation (where relevant), anyethical considerations, and the financial input that will beneeded. A pilot study is often helpful where aspects of thestudy method are untried or of uncertainvalidity.     

Stress in the Norwegian police service

BACKGROUND: High levels of stress have been attributed to the conditions of police work, but there is little empirical evidence for this. AIMS: To develop a new instrument to measure job stress in the police; to assess the most severe and frequent police stressors; to compare levels of stress according to the demographic and organizational factors; and to study stress in relation to personality traits, work locus of control and coping strategies. METHODS: A comprehensive nationwide questionnaire survey of 3272 Norwegian police at all hierarchical levels, including the Norwegian Police Stress Survey (NPSS), the Job Stress Survey, the Basic Character Inventory, the Work Locus of Control Scale, and the Coping Strategies Scale. RESULTS: Work injuries were appraised as the most stressful but least frequent stressor and job pressure was reported the least severe but most frequent stressor. Females experienced job stressors less frequently, but appraised them as more severe than men did. Older police officers reported more job pressure severity and fewer work injuries. The police in districts where peer support was planned but not implemented, and who worked in districts with more than 50,000 inhabitants, perceived the lack of support more severely than others. The correlations between stress and personality traits, work locus of control, and coping were moderate. CONCLUSIONS: The NPSS captures police-specific stressors that are not adequately measured by global stress instruments. The study of stress in police work should preferably involve a nationwide use of police-specific stress instruments.