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1.
利用<中国生物医学文献数据库>光盘版对1996-2005年广东省医学工作者在中文医学核心期刊上发表的论文,分学科进行统计,分析广东省医学各学科类目研究论文的产出状况.从文献角度反映广东医学学术水平与实力.  相似文献   

2.
医学技术中心的成功管理,能够带动相关学科的发展,提升学科平台和知名度。本文对利用多学科优势共建医学技术中心模式的科学性、可行性以及执行效果进行研讨。发现多学科参与有利于发挥各学科优势,学科互补、相互渗透,更好的建设和管理医学技术中心。  相似文献   

3.
随着医学科学技术的快速发展和学科之间不断交叉融合,虚拟学科已成为医学学科发展的一个重要方向。从虚拟学科的定义出发,探讨了虚拟学科的构建原则和组织特征,结合医院实践介绍了4种虚拟学科模式,即星型模式、互补模式、平行模式和混合模式,并指出医院虚拟学科建设有利于促进医学科学技术的发展、充分利用有限的医学资源、促进医学研究成果的转化、促进各学科间的良性合作。  相似文献   

4.
一、多学科治疗模式(multidisciplinary treatment modalities,MTM)用于肥胖症管理 因传统的单一学科治疗模式已难以满足部分疾病治疗的需要,且随着医学科学的进步,各学科分工逐步细化,专业化程度日益突出,故需要采用多学科综合治疗模式对部分疾病提供全方位诊疗方案。  相似文献   

5.
医学学术领域的国际性交流对我国医学各学科的发展起着积极的推动作用。我国医学临床、科研、教学以及管理等领域与国际的差距不断缩小,有些优势学科甚至已经达到国际先进水平。国际医学组织已成为国际医学交流的重要平台,在医学前沿知识传播、资源共享和提高各国医务人员技能等方面发挥着越来越大的作用。本文从国际医学组织任职、主办国际医学会议及参与国际医学科学合作这3方面浅析如何进一步提升中华医学会及所属专科学会在国际医学组织中的影响力,以期为兄弟学会外事交往能力建设提供参考。  相似文献   

6.
介绍了多学科共建医学技术中心的实施效果。实践表明,多学科共建医学技术中心有利于发挥各学科优势,学科互补、相互渗透,能更好的建设和管理医学技术中心,其经验可供医疗机构尤其妇幼保健机构借鉴。  相似文献   

7.
保险医学是利用医学各学科技术和统计学方法研究保险风险评估和风险控制等实际业务问题的具有跨专业性质的边缘性学科。无论在基本社会医疗保障,还是商业健康保险领域都能够提供重要的技术支持,但由于保险医学人才的行业重视程度低、职业发展规划不清晰等原因,导致目前保险医学的学科发展缓慢。  相似文献   

8.
曹晓影 《医院信息管理》2003,12(4):18-18,21
医学信息学——一个新兴的学科已经出现在我们面前,而且正以不可阻挡的步伐向前发展,医学信息学是信息技术与医学各学科的交叉学科,是以计算机为代表的信息技术在医学各个方面的应用,具有两个明显的特征:应用性与基础性。21世纪是信息与高科技结合应用发展的时  相似文献   

9.
通过互联网对国外知名大学及我国一些"985工程"重点大学近年来医学学科交叉建设的现状进行分析,并对已获得的成果和经验进行回顾和总结,与此同时,针对我国医学学科交叉建设过程中所存在的一些问题与不足提出相应的对策.旨在为综合性大学医学学科交叉建设探索一个可行性策略与方案.  相似文献   

10.
按微观条件选拔医学人才的实践与思考上海第二医科大学附属仁济医院(200001)沈德怀,陈佩现代临床医学出现了前所未有的迅猛发展,临床各学科正在不断地拓宽、更新,传统的临床各学科互相交叉、渗透、综合,衍生出众多的分支学科、边缘学科和综合学科群。为此,我...  相似文献   

11.
The outcome of medical practice is subject of growing interest. New media offer opportunities to search for specialists who offer the best treatment outcome. This information could stimulate competition in a positive manner, but it also increases the vulnerability of medical specialists. From this perspective, treatment outcome statistics should be presented realistically. Early cohort studies usually overestimate chances of success. The medical community should focus on the outcome of national registries or multicentre randomized studies when presenting reasonable outcome perspectives for their patients.  相似文献   

12.
目的 评价结核分枝杆菌基因组中串联重复序列(VNTR)位点在中国结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的分型鉴定的分辨力.方法 参考http://minisatellites.u_psud.fr/网站记载的位点选取其中VNTR位点,参照H37Rv结核分枝杆菌标准株全基因序列,利用DNAStar软件设计引物,采用PCR分别对中国结核分枝杆菌临床分离株和H37Rv标准株的VNTR位点进行检测,根据PCR凝胶电泳图片中各菌株相应位点扩增产物的大小,确定重复单元的重复次数.计算Hunter-Gaston指数来分析各位点的分辨能力,及各位点合并分辨力.结果 共检测135株中国结核分枝杆菌临床分离株和H37Rv标准株的45个VNTR位点.结果显示45个VNTR位点对136株菌的分辨力各不相同,Hunter-Gaston指数最大者为0.814(0.797~0.830),最小者为0.015(0.001~0.028),>0.5的有13个位点.位点的合并分辨力分析显示,随着位点数量增加,分辨力增强,如Qub11-b和Qub18两个位点合并分析,Hunter-Gaston指数为0.936,分组数为44组;Qub11-b、Qub18、Mtub21、Rv2372、MIRU26、Qub26、Qub4156c、Qub11-a和Qub15等9个位点合并分析,Hunter-Gaston指数已经达到1,组数为136组,表示已达到最大分辨力,即株水平分型.结论 不同VNTR位点具有不同的分辨力.其分型分辨力,多位点联合明显好于单位点.Qub11-b等9个位点的合并分型能力较好,这些位点有利于结核分枝杆菌的分型研究.  相似文献   

13.
A large proportion of common medical practices are subject to substantial regional variation resulting in numerous natural experiments. Opportunities are thereby provided for outcome evaluation through quasi-experimental design. If patients treated in different regions were comparable a natural experiment involving alternative treatments could be regarded as 'pseudo randomised', but empirical investigations are needed to verify this prerequisite. This paper discusses the role of quasi-experimental designs in assessment of medical care with evaluation of outcomes after hysterectomy in Denmark as an example. The design is developed and the comparability of selected groups of patients is elucidated from administrative data, while the outcome results are not presented in this context. One indication for hysterectomy is carcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri which may be treated with either hysterectomy, or conisation. A study group of patients was selected from departments where hysterectomy was the treatment of choice for this indication while the reference group was drawn from departments in which conisation was generally preferred. The comparability of the populations, effects and information for the two groups are elicited from administrative data. We conclude that it is possible to establish a quasi-experimental design based on regional variations and that the comparability of the groups included may be assessed through registry data. The importance of technology diffusion for the prospects of performing quasi randomised studies is emphasised. In this attempt to evaluate hysterectomy, it was not possible to identify groups of patients, which were sufficiently comparable to justify a study of soft outcomes.  相似文献   

14.
The purpose of the current study was to identify variables near hospital admission that could effectively discriminate patients at risk for nursing home placement, long hospital stay, or readmission. Risk factors reported in the literature were used to predict hospital outcome for 532 admissions. Factors that discriminated type of outcome included: two or more chronic medical conditions, living alone or being admitted from a nursing home, dependent ambulation, poor mental status, psychiatric comorbidity, prior admission, age over 75, and being unmarried. Using these criteria, an index was developed to determine risk for placement, readmission, or lengthy stay. Use of cumulative risk scores can result in accurate prediction of outcome and may be useful in targeting patients for intervention. Performance characteristics of the risk index are discussed.  相似文献   

15.
目的:设计和实现医院船海上医疗救治动态过程模拟仿真系统,为该装备的战术技术指标确定和使用研究提供依据。方法:以排队论为理论基础.采用离散事件系统仿真建立系统数学模型,给定伤病员总数、种类、病情及分布比例.实现计算机模拟伤病员符合不同随机模式的随机到达、医疗救治资源和医疗救治的组织、救治流程和救治规则的动态仿真计算。结果:应用该系统,能够获得医院船在给定时间内不同救活环境的伤病员救活通过率和各种救治过程数据。结论:计算机对难以重复实际展开的大规模医院船伤员医疗救治和通过过程的模拟,能够灵活满足各种不同条件下使用的需要,同时也为医院船医疗资源配置优化提供依据。  相似文献   

16.
Measuring potentially avoidable hospital readmissions   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The objectives of this study were to develop a computerized method to screen for potentially avoidable hospital readmissions using routinely collected data and a prediction model to adjust rates for case mix. We studied hospital information system data of a random sample of 3,474 inpatients discharged alive in 1997 from a university hospital and medical records of those (1,115) readmitted within 1 year. The gold standard was set on the basis of the hospital data and medical records: all readmissions were classified as foreseen readmissions, unforeseen readmissions for a new affection, or unforeseen readmissions for a previously known affection. The latter category was submitted to a systematic medical record review to identify the main cause of readmission. Potentially avoidable readmissions were defined as a subgroup of unforeseen readmissions for a previously known affection occurring within an appropriate interval, set to maximize the chance of detecting avoidable readmissions. The computerized screening algorithm was strictly based on routine statistics: diagnosis and procedures coding and admission mode. The prediction was based on a Poisson regression model. There were 454 (13.1%) unforeseen readmissions for a previously known affection within 1 year. Fifty-nine readmissions (1.7%) were judged avoidable, most of them occurring within 1 month, which was the interval used to define potentially avoidable readmissions (n = 174, 5.0%). The intra-sample sensitivity and specificity of the screening algorithm both reached approximately 96%. Higher risk for potentially avoidable readmission was associated with previous hospitalizations, high comorbidity index, and long length of stay; lower risk was associated with surgery and delivery. The model offers satisfactory predictive performance and a good medical plausibility. The proposed measure could be used as an indicator of inpatient care outcome. However, the instrument should be validated using other sets of data from various hospitals.  相似文献   

17.
目的利用2002年全国营养和健康状况调查数据建立我国婴幼儿喂养指数,评价喂养情况与生长发育的关系。方法依据世界卫生组织推荐喂养方式,选择母乳喂养、是否用奶瓶喂养、膳食多样性、食物频率等变量,建立喂养指数评分体系,评价喂养指数评分与年龄别体重(WAZ)、年龄别身长(HAZ)和身长别体重(WHZ)关系。结果城乡婴幼儿喂养指数评分存在显著差异(P<0.001),随着婴幼儿月龄的增加,喂养指数评分显著增加(P<0.05),喂养指数得分与WAZ、HAZ和WHZ显著相关(P<0.05)。结论喂养指数可以作为一项综合判断婴幼儿喂养的方法。  相似文献   

18.
To derive models suitable for outcome prediction, a crucial aspect is the availability of appropriate measures of predictive accuracy, which have to be usable for a general class of models. The Harrell's C discrimination index is an extension of the area under the ROC curve to the case of censored survival data, which owns a straightforward interpretability. For a model including covariates with time-dependent effects and/or time-dependent covariates, the original definition of C would require the prediction of individual failure times, which is not generally addressed in most clinical applications. Here we propose a time-dependent discrimination index Ctd where the whole predicted survival function is utilized as outcome prediction, and the ability to discriminate among subjects having different outcome is summarized over time. Ctd is based on a novel definition of concordance: a subject who developed the event should have a less predicted probability of surviving beyond his/her survival time than any subject who survived longer. The predicted survival function of a subject who developed the event is compared to: (1) that of subjects who developed the event before his/her survival time, and (2) that of subjects who developed the event, or were censored, after his/her survival time. Subjects who were censored are involved in comparisons with subjects who developed the event before their observed times. The index reduces to the previous C in the presence of separation between survival curves on the whole follow-up. A confidence interval for Ctd is derived using the jackknife method on correlated one-sample U-statistics.The proposed index is used to evaluate the discrimination ability of a model, including covariates having time-dependent effects, concerning time to relapse in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen. The model was obtained from 596 patients entered prospectively at Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori di Milano (INT). The model discrimination ability was validated on an independent testing data set of 175 patients provided by Centro Regionale Indicatori Biochimici di Tumore (CRIBT) in Venice.  相似文献   

19.
【目的】 为了提高同行评审专家与所审学术论文研究方向的匹配度,改进和完善现有同行评审方法,探寻与时代和科学技术发展相适应的稿件评审模式。【方法】 调研分析传统同行评审存在的问题、同行评审的演变和发展趋势,并对专家匹配度中的定量化指标进行分析。【结果】 论文评审形式正经历从封闭性到开放性、从被动性到主动性,评审意见从静态化到动态性发展,从拒稿到分级评审以及从人工到智能等形式的演变。互联网和多媒体技术的快速发展和应用将推动构建健全、规范、合理、高效的同行评审体系,实现优秀科研成果的快速筛选和广泛传播。【结论】 论文引证标准化指数可以实现不同学科、不同年度论文之间的比较,h指数弥补了传统文献计量学单项数量指标只能体现数量的缺陷,可作为评审专家画像的定量化参数指标。  相似文献   

20.
目的:对文献报道的8种急性心肌梗死(AMI)近期预后指数进行评价。方法:利用340 例AMI住院病人资料计算各指数,用ROC曲线分析法对各指数预测AMI病人近期预后的能力进行比较。结果:Dubois 指数的ROC曲线下面积为0.722 1(95% 可信限为0.656 8~0.787 3),预测能力居第二位。与ROC曲线下面积最大的Norris指数比较差异无统计学意义。与其他7 种AMI指数相比,Dubois指数同时具有计算相对简便、所需变量较少且均为容易收集的临床指标等优点。结论:Dubois指数为一种判断力较强、适用于我国AMI临床医疗和科研的AMI近期预后指数  相似文献   

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