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1.
1093例新生儿出生体重分析   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
目的: 探讨新生儿出生体重与新生儿性别、胎次、孕母年龄、孕周、分娩方式的关系, 降低母儿并发症。方法: 回顾性分析 1 093例新生儿出生体重及其相关因素。结果: 新生儿出生体重随胎次及孕周增加而增加, 男婴体重明显高于女婴, 与孕母年龄无关; 随着新生儿出生体重的增加, 难产率及并发症发生率亦增加。结论: 产前预测新生儿出生体重尤其是对巨大儿的预测非常重要。  相似文献   

2.
研究正常分娩新生儿4个变量(身高、体重、性别、季节)不同类别间的同质关系,并以2维或3维几何图形表达。「方法」从福州地区一家大型综合性医院14年的出生登记12755例资料中,选择正常分娩者8463例数据,以SPSS8.0froWindows进行同质分析(homogeneityanalysis,HOMALS)与绘图。「结果」①一般2维列联表常难以表达上述变量间的本质关系;②奏出生者倾向于偏高,偏重,  相似文献   

3.
胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)是新生儿窒息的严重合并症,有胎粪吸入的婴儿在生后2~3d内可发生呼吸衰竭,是新生儿死亡的主要原因之一。近8年,我院窒息病死率下降明显[1~3],与MAS的发病率、病死率下降有直接关系,现报道如下。1 临床资料1·1 一般资料 对1990年1月至1997年12月在本院出生新生儿(称Ⅰ组)和门诊入院窒息儿、MAS患儿(称Ⅱ组)分两年度(1990~1993年为1年度及1994~1997年为Ⅱ年度)发病情况进行比较。Ⅰ组为8年本院出生活新生儿22049名,其中窒息儿1082名(…  相似文献   

4.
评价新生儿体格发育必须根据多项指标综合分析,近10年来有关如何进行评价的报导甚少。我院近年来对产科出生的单胎,男性活产婴的身长、体重、头围、上臂围、阴茎长度及足长进行测量,经统计学处理发现均具有一定的临床意义。1 材料和方法1.1 对象 孕38~43周产的男性活产婴,无影响生长发育的畸形及缺陷;孕母无妊娠高血压综合征、糖尿病及慢性疾病等。1.2 方法 1.2.1 按文献[1,2]所载不同胎龄新生儿出生体重值分类。分为小于胎龄儿(SGA)18例,适于胎龄儿(AGA)162例,大于胎龄儿(LGA)2…  相似文献   

5.
广西农村120 145例新生儿出生体重分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
【目的】研究新生儿出生体重与性别、孕母年龄、胎龄、分娩方式的关系,为孕产期保健和儿童保健提供基础资料。【方法】回顾性分析120145例新生儿出生体重及其相关因素。【结果】新生儿出生体重平均值为(3.02±0.41)kg,男婴大于女婴;出生体重随胎龄增加而增大,早产儿组平均体重只有(2.33±0.45)kg;孕母的年龄<20岁的新生儿平均出生体重低于其他组;县级剖宫产率高于乡级,巨大儿剖宫产率明显高于正常体重和低体重儿。【结论】广西新生儿出生体重低于我国出生体重正常值,提高孕期保健工作质量,加强孕期营养,加强儿童早期综合干预,是广西"十一五"期间农村孕产期保健和儿童保健工作的重点。  相似文献   

6.
我院自1987年10月至1997年12月共实施新生儿胸、腹及会阴部手术的麻醉198例,兹将其体会报道如下。1临床资料1·1一般资料198例患儿中,男153例,女45例,年龄7h~28d,体重1~43kg,ASA分级,Ⅱ级100例,Ⅲ级67例,Ⅳ级2...  相似文献   

7.
目的 根据乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院近十年的住院分娩记录,分析新生儿出生体重十年变化趋势,了解低出生体重儿、巨大儿发生情况及相关因素。 方法 对2002年1月-2011年12月在乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院住院分娩的5 421例新生儿的出生体重进行回顾性调查,分析孕周、孕母年龄、孕母族别等因素与低出生体重、巨大儿的关系。 结果 1)5 421例新生儿平均出生体重为(3 399.95±475.94)g,男婴平均出生体重为(3 457.05±475.94)g,女婴平均出生体重为(3 335.43±467.72)g。2)低出生体重儿发生率为2.60%,与早产、孕母族别、新生儿性别有关,差异有统计学意义。3)巨大儿发生率为10.20%,与孕周、孕母年龄、新生儿性别有关,差异有统计学意义。 结论 近十年新生儿的出生体重平稳增加; 预防早产是降低低出生体重儿发生率的重要措施,巨大儿的发生率较高,应引起重视;新生儿的出生体重有必要逐年观察。  相似文献   

8.
王朔    贾璐  廖芳    王洪霞    王莉 《现代预防医学》2021,(3):451-455
目的 了解河北省异常胎位流行病学特点和发病危险因素。方法 收集2013-01-01至2017-12-31河北省22所监测点(医院)的孕产妇分娩的相关数据,分析异常胎位流行病学特佂,应用多因素logistic回归分析异常胎位发病的影响因素。结果 共有产妇237663例,异常胎位患者7394例,异常胎位患病率为3.1%。石家庄市产妇异常胎位发生率3.7%,秦皇岛市为2.1%。城市医院分娩的产妇异常胎位发病率高于乡镇医院(x2=564.010,P<0.05)。三级医院分娩的产妇异常胎位的患病率高于二级医院、一级医院(x2=811.314,P<0.05)。≥35 岁产妇异常胎位发生率高于其他年龄的产妇(x2=61.167,P<0.05)。产妇异常胎位发生率冬季为3.3%,夏季为2.9%。产妇异常胎位剖宫产率( 86.5%)、新生儿死亡率(1.4%)、死胎率(3.9%)及新生儿窒息率(4.6%)均高于正常胎位产妇。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示季节、年龄、孕周、初产情况、瘢痕子宫、妊娠合并高血压、新生儿体重及新生儿性别均为异常胎位的影响因素。结论 应对不同地区采取个性化实施措施,加强对高危人群监管护理,切实降低异常胎位的发生率,改善不良围产结局。  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨影响新生儿出生体重的因素.方法:连续观察分析1999年6月~2002年6月我院分娩的7 353例新生儿出生体重,对影响新生儿体重的因素进行比较.结果:新生儿出生体重与孕周、孕母年龄、孕母职业及不同产次有关,早产低体重儿为58.01%,足月低体重儿为2.37%,孕母<20岁低出生体重率增加,孕母>30岁巨大儿发生率最低.结论:应加强围产期保健,少生优生,提倡晚婚晚育,提高出生人口素质.  相似文献   

10.
目的:探讨影响新生儿出生体重的因素。方法:连续观察分析1999年6月-2002年6月我院分娩的7 353例新生儿出生体重,对影响新生儿体重的因素进行比较。结果:新生儿出生体重与孕周、孕母年龄、孕母职业及不同产次有关,早产低体重儿为58.01%,足月低体重儿为2.37%,孕母<20岁低出生体重率增加,孕母>30岁巨大儿发生率最低。结论:应加强围产期保健,少生优生,提倡晚婚晚育,提高出生人口素质。  相似文献   

11.
Background and aims A poor diet in the preconception period is believed to lead to an increased chance of the subsequent baby being born with a low birth weight (LBW) and in particular symmetrically growth retarded (where both the head and the body are proportionately small). The aim of this study was to determine whether a woman's diet, social background and attitude towards diet has any bearing on the incidence of LBW.
Method A questionnaire was administered to 31 mothers who had had a LBW baby and 29 age-matched controls who had normal birthweight babies (NBW) in order to discover whether there were differences between their diets and beliefs and attitudes to healthy eating.
Results The LBW group were significantly more likely to have lost weight prior to conception (3–6 months before) while the NBW mothers were more likely to have gained weight prior to conception. The LBW group were more likely to have had a previous LBW baby. Only 9% of mothers changed their diet in anticipation of pregnancy with only 7% of mothers having taken folic acid prior to conception (although most of the questionnaires were administered prior to the folic acid campaign).
Conclusion and recommendations The majority of mothers welcomed more information on nutrition in relation to preconception care and indicated that booklets would be the most appreciated form of receiving this information. This may encourage mothers to make appropriate changes to their diet before conception, including taking folic acid. It is proposed that a nationwide booklet be made widely available to all women of reproductive age which highlights the important preconception points.  相似文献   

12.
CONTEXT: Unmarried women have higher rates of low birth weight than married women. However, assumptions that unmarried women are uniformly at a disadvantage may be unfounded. A woman's relationship characteristics may be more relevant for infant health than her formal marital status. METHODOLOGY: Data from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth were used to analyze associations between relationship characteristics and low birth weight among U.S. women aged 15-44 with a recent singleton live birth. Unadjusted odds ratios were generated to indicate the crude effects of independent variables, including relationship type and relationship duration at the time of conception. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to assess the impact of relationship variables on the likelihood of low birth weight, taking into account the effects of other covariates. RESULTS: In multivariate models of all women and non-Hispanic black women, relationship type and duration were not associated with low birth weight. However, low birth weight was almost six times as likely among Hispanic women in nonmarital, noncohabiting relationships as among those who were married. Surprisingly, among non-Hispanic white women, low birth weight was less likely among those in nonmarital, noncohabiting relationships than among those who were married. Unexpected associations also were found among low birth weight, race and ethnicity, and relationship duration: Low birth weight was more likely among non-Hispanic white women in relationships of from five to 10 years in length than among those in relationships of longer than 10 years and less likely among Hispanic women in relationships of one year or less than among those in a relationship for more than 10 years. CONCLUSION: Although unmarried women in the United States have higher rates of low birth weight than married women, many unmarried women are at no greater risk of low birth weight than their married counterparts. The findings confirm the need to consider the characteristics of relationships when examining the association of mother's "union status" and birth outcomes.  相似文献   

13.
This study reports on a survey of 2,209 women age 25-45; most were married. Respondents were asked about their reproductive plans and whether prenatal reassurance might influence their reproductive intentions. For almost two-thirds of the age 35-45 respondents, either the woman or her husband had already chosen sterilization; of those able to bear children, but with uncertain plans, 25 per cent of 35-39 year olds and 12.8 per cent of 40-45 year olds indicated an increased willingness to have children if they were reassured that their baby had none of the birth defects detectable by amniocentesis.  相似文献   

14.
Summary In order to provide a base line for long term follow-up, the background, methodology and major conclusions of a prospective study of low birth weight infants (≤2500 g) and their matched controls (> 2500 g) were studied and the results presented. The low birth weight babies were disadvantaged in respect of a number of bio-social parameters, had an excess of maternal and pregnancy disease conditions and a more unfavourable outcome in other pregnancies. The cohort was used to try and evolve a better definition of impaired fetal growth. The relative merits of using weight, head circumference, length, ratio of anthropometric measurements, relative merits position of anthropometric measurements in the same baby, cluster analysis techniques and clinical morbidity as estimates of impaired fetal growth were analysed: none defined impaired fetal growth more accurately than weight for gestational age. Methods of estimating gestational age and physical characteristics relating to growth and gestational age, as well as a number of biochemical and neonatal measurements, are described.  相似文献   

15.
INTRODUCTION: The availability of socioeconomic, demographic and reproductive health data about women at national, regional and municipal levels allows comparisons between regions and may offer background information for planning actions of the Program of Integrated Assistance for Women's Health. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Southern Brazil. Three thousand and two women aged 15 to 49 years living in an urban area in Pelotas, were selected for inclusion in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the socioeconomic, demographic and reproductive characteristics. The analysis included comparison of means and proportions. In the sterilization analysis the data were controlled for age. RESULTS: Nearly 56% of the women were married/in union and 35% were single. A third of them were housewives and 50% were wage workers. The mean of schooling was 8.5 years. Almost, half of the adolescents (15 to 19 years old) have an active sexual life, and of those 33% had already been pregnant. A high percentage of unwanted pregnancy was reported, mainly among younger women. Near the end of their reproductive life (women aged 45 to 49 years) the mean of children per woman was 2.4. The most prevalent methods were pill and sterilization. Among married women or those living in consensual union, 15% had been sterilized. The sterilization rate increased with age and attained nearly 25% of women aged over 35 years; 29.6% of sterilized women had had a stillborn child and 18.3% a pre-term baby; 20% of husbands/partners did not accept the use of any contraceptive method. CONCLUSIONS: The study results confirm the need for additional attention to and development of special programs for adolescents, improvements in the access to services, increase in the use of the contraceptive options already available and research and programatic actions related to the theme "men/reproductive health.  相似文献   

16.
Diet during pregnancy, neonatal outcomes and later health   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Renewed interest in nutrition during pregnancy has been generated by the hypothesis that adult disease has origins in early life. Animal experiments clearly show that altering maternal diet before and during pregnancy can induce permanent changes in the offspring's birth size, adult health and lifespan. Among women living in Western societies, cigarette smoking is the most important factor known to reduce fetal growth, followed by low pre-pregnancy weight and low gestational weight gain. Obesity is also associated with pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal outcomes, so inadequate or excessive energy intake is not optimal for the developing fetus. Against a history of inconsistent results, several recent studies suggest that in Western settings the balance of macronutrients in a woman's diet can influence newborn size. Effects appear to be modest, but this relationship may not encapsulate the full significance for health of the child, as there is emerging evidence of associations with long-term metabolic functioning that are independent of birth size. Consequences of inadequate maternal nutrition, for the offspring, may depend on timing during gestation, reflecting critical windows for fetal development. Where women are not malnourished, changing a woman's nutritional plane during pregnancy may be detrimental to the unborn baby, and systematic reviews of the literature on dietary supplementation during pregnancy indicate few benefits and possible risks. In view of this, improved diet before pregnancy deserves greater attention.  相似文献   

17.
A woman's contraceptive vigilance and her actual use of birth control on any given occasion frequently depend upon where the internal balance lies between her positive and negative feelings toward getting pregnant and between her positive and negative feelings about her current contraceptive method. This paper analyzes data from an empirical study of the psychological and behavioral aspects of sexuality, childbearing and contraception which was conducted, using a 3-year prospective design, to gather data from about 1000 women aged 18-27 living in the San Francisco Bay Area in California, US. Data were collected through interviews and self-report inventories. The study, known as the Psychology of Reproduction (POR), was divided into 3 subsamples: 325 never-married women; 322 recently married women with no children; and 320 married women who had just borne their 1st child. Each subject was interviewed 4 times: an initial interview, followed by 3 follow-ups conducted at 1-year intervals. The results indicate that among married women, expectations about future childbearing are a strong indication of underlying motivation. In addition to the conscious motivations underlying childbearing expectations, there are 3 types of subconscious motivation. Among never-married women, expectations about future childbearing are relatively less likely to affect contraceptive practice because social norms tend to support childbearing only within marriage. Belief in modern roles for women tends to be associated with negative maternal motivation, while identification with traditional roles is associated with positive maternal motivation. Specific contraceptive attitudes may have only an indirect effect on contraceptive nonuse, through their influence on a woman's choice of a method. Among married women, use of the pill or the IUD is associated with lower levels of nonuse, while among both married and never married women, use of a barrier or ad hoc method is associated with increased nonuse. How the husband feels about the method the couple is using and the presence of conflict in the marriage are 2 psychological mechanisms suggested by the findings for married women. Behavioral stability and educational level indicate that a woman's ability to integrate knowledge is important for understanding nonuse behavior.  相似文献   

18.
目的了解孕妇毛发中锌、铁、铜、铅、钙、镁6种矿物质的水平及与新生儿毛发中上述矿物质和生长发育指标之间的关系。方法定点抽取医院产科分娩的孕妇,收集孕妇、新生儿的毛发样本进行检测,同时对新生儿身体发育指标进行测量,并将收集的数据进行相关统计分析。结果孕妇毛发中锌、铁、钙含量与新生儿毛发中的锌、铁、钙含量呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.71,0.47,0.46;新生儿发育指标体重、身长、头围和胸围与孕妇毛发中锌、铁、钙元素的含量呈正相关。结论孕期妇女锌、铁、钙元素水平的变化,可以影响新生儿的体质发育,孕妇应该注意适时补充锌、铁和钙元素。  相似文献   

19.
A woman's successive offspring tend to have similar birthweights. We use data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway to describe weight and perinatal mortality of second births given the weight of the mother's first birth. Mean weights among second births differ by as much as 1000 grams, depending on the weight of the first. Furthermore, the survival of the second baby at any given weight is strongly affected by its weight relative to the first baby's weight. A baby may be average size compared to the whole population, but small compared to its sibling; such a baby has the increased mortality that goes with being relatively small. For example, an infant of 3250 grams is relatively large if the mother's previous baby was 2250 grams, but relatively small if the previous birth weighed 4250 grams. In the first case, the mortality risk of the 3250-gram baby is 2.2 per thousand, while in the second case, risk for the same weight infant is 9.0, or four times higher. Implications of these observations for the more general analysis of birthweight and perinatal mortality are discussed.  相似文献   

20.
The fetal origins of adult disease hypothesis postulates that the inverse association between birth weight and later adverse outcome reflects fetal programming that increases the risk of later disease. However, low birth weight is associated with catch-up after birth, and weight gain is itself a risk factor for later disease. It is difficult to disentangle the effects on outcome of the size and growth components of weight change through time. This paper presents the life course plot, a device to display both size and growth effects simultaneously. It is based on the multiple-regression analysis of the outcome on the various weights, expressed as z-scores, and the plot displays the coefficients plotted against the corresponding ages of measurement. Examples from Brazil (Pelotas) and the Phillippines (Cebu) relate blood pressure in adolescence to weight through childhood. They show small inverse weight effects in infancy, but early weight is less important than weight and weight gain during adolescence. In addition, birth length in the Cebu study affects the strength of the relationship between weight and blood pressure in adolescence. This suggests a fetal programming effect, with children who were relatively long at birth having a more sensitive relationship between blood pressure and weight at age 15. Whether this is a good or a bad thing is not immediately clear.  相似文献   

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