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1.
目的调查滨海新区近5年来急性胰腺炎病因分布,年龄,性别等因素,通过235例急性胰腺炎患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析,为诊疗工作提供依据。方法选取2015年6月-2019年6月天津医科大学总医院滨海医院接受治疗的急性胰腺炎患者235例为研究对象。回顾性分析患者的年龄,性别,实验室检查及影像学资料及临床诊疗过程,进行统计学比较。结果非老年组患者高脂血症性、酒精性、饮食不当高于老年组,胆源性低于老年组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。男性病因高脂血症性、酒精性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);女性患者胆源性及其他高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组饮食不当、特发性差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胆道疾病仍是该地区胰腺炎发病的首要病因,胆源性胰腺炎老年人较非老年人多见,高脂血症及酒精性胰腺炎以男性为主。  相似文献   

2.
沈铀  李贵才 《现代预防医学》2007,34(13):2573-2574
[目的]探讨小儿急性氟乙酰胺中毒心肌酶变化规律与中毒程度的关系.[方法]对62例中毒患儿心肌酶(AST、CK、CK-MB、LDH、α-HBDH)进行连续监测.并设置20例正常健康儿童为对照组.[结果]各中毒组血清心肌酶均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);且与中毒程度呈正相关,中、重度中毒组与轻度中毒组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),各中毒组间的差异也有统计学意义(P<0.05).[结论]急性氟乙酰胺中毒患儿的心肌酶活性增高,监测心肌酶水平可作为评估病情、预后的一个指标.  相似文献   

3.
邹伟廉 《医疗保健器具》2011,18(12):1904-1905
目的探讨近10年来本院急性胰腺炎(AP)的病因及相关因素特点,提出早期的干预措施。方法对我院近10年来668例确诊为急性胰腺炎的住院病人,以五年为单位分为两组,以病因、性别、年龄为变量进行回顾性统计学分析。结果两组患者胆石症、酒精性、高脂血症、暴饮暴食均为急性胰腺炎常见病因。两组比较提示近几年急性胰腺炎发病人数明显增加,高脂血症及酒精性为病因增加明显,其差异比较均有统计学意义(P〈0.05);两组中男性发病率比女性明显高,其差异比较有统计学意义(P〈0.05);两组在30~59岁年龄段AP发病率明显增加,≥60岁年龄段发病率减少,其差异比较均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论胆石症、高脂血症、酒精性、暴饮暴食仍是急性胰腺炎常见病因,近几年高脂血症及酒精性为病因均较前增多,男性发病率增高,在30~59岁年龄段患者增多,≥60岁的年龄段患者减少,故对不同原因及不同人群应采取不同预防措施。  相似文献   

4.
单纯性肥胖儿童血脂、血清铁蛋白与脂肪肝的关系   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
[目的]探讨3~6岁中重度单纯性肥胖儿童血脂、血清铁蛋白与脂肪肝的关系.[方法]选取大连市托幼园所的在园儿童111例,中重度单纯性肥胖儿童69例,正常对照组42例.两组均进行血脂、血清铁蛋白及肝脏B超检查.[结果]①肥胖组血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血清铁蛋白均高于正常对照组(P<0.01).②肥胖组血清铁蛋白与甘油三酯具有相关性(r=0.324,P<0.05).③B超检查显示肥胖组儿童有13例并发脂肪肝,发病率为18.84%;正常对照组无1例脂肪肝发生(P<0.01).④肥胖脂肪肝组血清铁蛋白高于肥胖无脂肪肝组(P<0.05).[结论]中重度单纯性肥胖儿童已发生明显的脂代谢紊乱;中重度单纯性肥胖儿童并发脂肪肝较为常见,发病率为18.84%;血清铁蛋白对中重度单纯性肥胖儿童脂肪肝的早期诊断可能具有重要意义.  相似文献   

5.
孕母间断补铁对预防婴儿缺铁性贫血的作用观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
[目的]观察孕母间断补铁预防新生儿及婴儿缺铁性贫血(iron deficiency anemia,IDA)的作用.[方法]对预防组109例孕妇从孕20周开始进行两周一次的间断补铁,每次补充元素铁105mg,共8次,对照组109例不补铁剂.实验前后对两组孕妇血以及脐血检测血红蛋白质(Hb)、血清铁蛋白(SF)、红细胞锌原卟啉(ZPP)等指标.对两组婴儿随访6~12月,评估婴儿IDA的患病情况.[结果]实验前两组孕妇间Hb、SF、ZPP差异无显著性(P>0.05);实验结束后对照组各项指标均低于预防组,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);预防组新生儿脐血SF值和出生体重高于对照组(P<0.05);预防组婴儿6月龄时Hb均数高于对照组(P<0.05).[结论]孕期间断补铁可明显改善孕妇及胎儿或新生儿铁营养状况,有利于减少婴儿IDA的发生.  相似文献   

6.
目的 探讨联合检测血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)和前白蛋白(PA)作为急性胰腺炎转归的早期预测指标的可行性.方法 选择重型和轻型急性胰腺炎患者及健康人各20例,比较急性胰腺炎患者入院当天、第3、第5天血清C-反应蛋白和前白蛋白的含量.结果 重症组CRP显著高于轻症组(P<0.01);重、轻症组均高于健康组(P<0.01);重症有并发症组CRP显著高于重症无并发症组(P<0.01);重症组血清PA早期明显降低,重症有并发症组血清PA下降较重症无并发症组的明显(P<0.01).死亡病人CRP持续增高,PA持续低水平.结论 早期联合检测C-反应蛋白(CRP)和血清前白蛋白(PA)可作为预测急性胰腺炎转归的早期敏感指标.  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨并比较低分子量肝素和前列地尔联合奥曲肽治疗高脂血症性急性胰腺炎的效果.方法 选择140高脂血症性急性胰腺炎患者,按随机数字表法分为两组,低分子量肝素治疗(肝素组)69例,其中轻度高脂血症性急性胰腺炎40例,重度29例;前列地尔联合奥曲肽治疗组(联合组)71例,其中轻度高脂血症性急性胰腺炎43例,重度28例.比较两组的治疗效果.结果 对于轻度高脂血症性急性胰腺炎患者,肝素组总有效率[77.5%(31/40)]低于联合组[93.0%(40/43)],血淀粉酶恢复正常时间[(4.9±1.5)d]长于联合组[(3.1±1.3)d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).对于重度高脂血症性急性胰腺炎患者,两组总有效率以及临床观察指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 低分子量肝素和前列地尔联合奥曲肽治疗轻度高脂血症性急性胰腺炎均有一定的疗效,且前列地尔联合奥曲肽治疗效果更好,总有效率更高;对于重度患者,两组效果均一般,总有效率比较差异无统计学意义.  相似文献   

8.
健脾加味清毒方对儿童铅中毒的驱铅研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
[目的]探讨中药驱铅对儿童血Pb及血Zn、Cu、Fe、Ca、Mn水平的影响.[方法]184例血铅≥0.483μmol/L(100μg/L)的患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组服用健脾加味清毒方,对照组采用安慰治疗,观察30d,检测驱铅前后两组患儿血Pb及血Zn、Cu、Fe、Ca、Mn水平.[结果]治疗组患儿服药后的血Pb明显低于服药前,血Zn水平明显高于服药前,差异有显著性(P<0.01,0.05);与对照组比较,血Pb明显降低(P<0.01),血微量元素Fe、Cu、Ca、Mn水平无明显差异(P>0.05).[结论]中药对儿童早期铅中毒的驱铅效果好,不存在微量元素失衡.  相似文献   

9.
宁珠  郑盛 《现代保健》2013,(2):146-147
目的:探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)的病因。方法:回顾性分析2006年1月-2012年1月云南省第三人民医院住院治疗的112例SAP患者的临床资料。结果:112例患者胆源性SAP占47.3%,特发性占19.6%、高脂血症性占17.8%、酒精性占8.9%。高脂血症性SAP有上升趋势(P=0.032)。酒精性SAP中男性比例明显高于女性(P〈0.001)。老年SAP患者中胆源性比例高于非老年(P〈0.001),高脂血症性和酒精性则以非老年为高(P〈0.001)。结论:胆源性是SAP最常见病因,在老年SAP中其比例更高;高脂血症性SAP呈上升趋势;酒精性SAP多见于男性;高脂血症性和酒精性SAP多见于中青年患者。  相似文献   

10.
2004年济宁市中小学生常见病与营养状况调查   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
[目的]了解中小学生常见病患病现状,以便更好地开展预防工作.[方法]2004年5~7月,抽取济宁市辖区城乡中小学校6所,对2 607名学生的患病情况进行调查.[结果]调查学生2 607名,视力低下率为39.9%,龋患率为29.3%,沙眼患病率为2.1%,营养不良率为3.0%,肥胖率为11.1%.视力低下率城区学生高于农村学生,女生高于男生,高中生最高(P<0.01);沙眼患病率农村学生高于城区学生,小学生最高(P<0.01);龋患率农村学生高于城区学生,女生高于男生,小学生最高(P<0.01);营养不良率小学生最高(P<0.01);肥胖率城区学生高于农村学生,男生高于女生(P<0.01).[结论]济宁市中小学生视力不良、龋齿和肥胖患病率较高.  相似文献   

11.
Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.  相似文献   

12.
This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.  相似文献   

13.
Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.  相似文献   

14.
深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.  相似文献   

15.
Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO2. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO2 at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO2 gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2 also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2.  相似文献   

16.
The risk of heat exhaustion at a deep underground metalliferous mine was assessed in relation to thermal conditions prevailing on the surface. For each day of a 1-year prospective case series of heat exhaustion, surface 24-h mean wet and dry bulb temperatures were recorded. From this data, 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperatures were derived using certain assumptions. The three surface temperature variables were significantly higher on those days on which heat exhaustion occurred, compared to those days on which it did not occur (P < 0.001). The relative risk of heat exhaustion on days when the 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperature was in the range 26.0-28.0 degrees C was 4.82 (95% confidence interval 2.12-10.96). Surface temperature data could be used at this mine to warn miners about the risk of heat exhaustion.  相似文献   

17.
Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).  相似文献   

18.

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.  相似文献   

19.
20.
Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.  相似文献   

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