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1.
孕产妇系统保健主要包括:早孕建册,产前检查,高危孕妇管理、住院分娩、产后访视、产后42d检查等方面,做好孕产妇系统保健工作,是降低孕产妇死亡率和围产儿死亡率的有效措施。我所责任街道上世纪80年代初期开始担负着嘉定镇孕产妇系统保健工作,通过多年的努力已基本形成了规范化的运转方式。我们对1999~2003年属责任街道管辖的嘉定镇户口孕产妇从早孕建册到产后4个月进行回顾分析,  相似文献   

2.
《中国生育健康杂志》2006,17(4):I0006-I0007
生育健康电子监测系统的由来和发展无论你是一线的妇幼保健工作者,还是卫生行政部门的管理者,你一定经历过孕产妇的产前检查表丢失、往年儿童体检单难以找到、年底妇幼报表数据来源困难、历年妇幼保健册堆积如山等等工作中的困惑。为了解决以上工作难题,更好地为广大妇女儿童提供优质的保健服务,北京大学生育健康研究所和美国疾病控制中心经过4年时间开发测试,研制了一套电子化生育健康监测计算机软件——“生育健康电子监测系统(Electronic Reproductive Health Surveillance System,ERHSS)”。这是基于已有的围产保健监测、儿童保健监测和出生缺陷监测等多项研究的基础上发展而成的。该软件主要用于生育健康监测的电子数据采集、网络化传输、自动汇总分析和报告以及信息管理等。该系统是在国内首次建立的以人群为基础的生育健康电子监测系统,它具有许多优点和特性,解决了数据在采集、运转和反馈过程中的不准确性、不安全性和不及时性等重大问题,被卫生部列为新一轮“十年百项成果推广项目”之一。目前,该软件系统已在全田40多个市、县安装和使用,促进了当地妇幼保健工作的开展,不但取得了很好的社会效益,也取得了一定的经济效益。生育健康电子监测系统的主要组成和功能电子数据收集系统:主要由电子围产保健册(包括9种电子表格)和电子儿童保健册(包括7种电子表格)组成。数据采用电子化的方法,在妇女来医院门诊进行婚前检查、产前检查、分娩和产后访视时以及在儿童进行保健体检时由医生进行采集。围产保健部分的数据内容包括妇女的一般情况、婚(孕)前检查、早孕检查、产前检查、产时情况、产后访视、出生缺陷病例报告和孕产妇死亡报告等。儿童保健部分的数据内容包括儿童的一般情况、新生儿体检、婴儿体检、幼儿体检、学龄前儿童体检、出生缺陷病例报告和儿童死亡报告等。数据收集系统具有几个新的特点。数据录入方法简便,大部份数据可通过点击鼠标输入或由计算机自动赋值,仅有一小部分需直接输入数字或汉字。妇女和儿童的个人识别编号(ID号)由磁卡记录,通过刷卡输入,快速和准确。在数据录入时,对数值的范围和逻辑关系进行自动在线检查,以保证数据录入的正确性,可自动提示和对重要数据的再确认。自动封闭不应填写的表格或数值,自动进行数值的转换和项目的跳转。自动检查表格填写项目的完整性,采用不同颜色标记已填写和未填写过的表格。可在每次检查后打印检查结果报告单,供检查核对数据。建立了高危孕产妇和体弱儿的筛检系统,自动标识高危因素和体弱因素,提高了管理水平。  相似文献   

3.
2000~2004年围产期新生儿死亡资料分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
随着围产医学的发展,围产保健工作越来越受到重视。围产期新生儿死亡率的高低直接反映围产保健质量。为提高我市的围产保健质量,降低围产期新生儿死亡率,笔者对淄博市2000~2004年的围产期新生儿死亡资料进行分析。1资料与方法1·1资料来源。2000~2004年淄博市0~4岁儿童死亡监测资料。围产期新生儿死亡是指孕28周后出生至生后7d死亡的新生儿。1·2方法。按照《淄博市0~4岁儿童死亡监测方案》对全市所有出生活产儿进行监测。对监测人员统一培训,统一监测标准、监测方法,统一印制《儿童死亡报告卡》和《0~4岁儿童死亡监测季报表》。1·3建立5岁…  相似文献   

4.
深圳儿童保健社区服务现状分析与措施   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的:全面了解特区内,外儿童社区服务状况,有针对性地开展社儿童健康服务工作。方法:采用问卷方式进行调查。结果:儿童保健指导不够,特区外稍好于特区内;儿童定期体检率较高,但视力,牙齿检查率较低;调查对象对现有开展的多种保健服务满意度均达到85%以上;儿童心理问题日趋增多,特区内尤为突出。结论:加强社区儿童眼保健,口腔保健,心理保健工作,开展多种形式的健康教育,加大宣传力度。  相似文献   

5.
预防保健相结合 做好儿童保健系统管理和生长发育监测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:为了更好地做好儿童保健系统管理和生长发育监测工作,提高建卡率和系统管理率,降低小儿常见病、多发病的发病率。方法:把儿童体检时间与预防接种时间预约为同一时间,开展了该院管辖地段内的儿童保健系统管理和生长发育监测。结果:提高了该地段儿童保健建卡率和系统管理率,两率分别为98.82%和95.26%,并开展了儿童的生长发育监测,降低了该地段的小儿常见病、多发病的发病率。结论:把计划免疫地段和妇幼保健地段划为同一地段管理,把儿童体检与预防接种结合在一起,有利于开展小儿的生长发育监测,可提高儿童保健建卡率和系统管理率,使儿童保健工作质量得到进一步提高。  相似文献   

6.
段传伟 《中国保健》2006,14(4):52-52
目的发现降低5岁以下儿童死亡发生率的关键环节.方法分析本地区五岁以下儿童死因顺位与可能造成死亡的技术环节,寻找避免及减少死因的有效措施.结果出生窒息和早产与低出生体重居前二位.此二者均与围产期保健质量密切相关.结论加强围产保健管理,提高围产保健质量是降低目前儿童死亡率的首选.  相似文献   

7.
玉林社区围产保健现况的调查分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 为了解围产保健服务的需求和现状,探讨提高服务质量、满足需求的先进服务模式和有效方法。方法 于2001年3月按分层整群的抽样方法抽取玉林社区1/10户家庭中在4年内有妊娠史的妇女,共86人,进行入户问卷调查。结果 调查显示:本社区孕妇产前检查的覆盖率为93.9%;围产保健手册建册率为76.1%。产前检查的覆盖率、检查次数及被调查妇女接爱孕期保健的程度与建立围产保健手册呈正相关;产后访视率为52.9%;产前检查服务的满意率为61.0%;产后访视满意率为50.0%。被调查妇女希望改善候诊条件、开设周末门诊并改进医务人员的服务态度。在产后访视方面提出增加访视次数、提早首访时间的建议。结论 玉林社区产前保健已获得较满意的覆盖率,但产后访视率和对服务的满意率尚需进一步提高。应利用社区卫生服务者这一新型服务模式的优势,增强围产保健服务及信息的连续性,进一步提高产后访视率;应加强围产保健档案的科学化、系统化管理,以提高围产保健的依从性。还应在围产保健方面加大健康教育的宣传力度、提高围产保健人员的技术水平和服务意识,为社区居民提供“以人为本”,便捷、质优的围产保健服务。  相似文献   

8.
信息网络化管理在社区妇幼保健服务中的实施   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
我院于 1998年至今 ,采用电子化的《生育健康监测系统》 ,以局域网和广域网通信技术 ,将全市各乡镇妇女保健和儿童保健进行计算机联网 ,实施及时监控 ,为社区妇幼卫生管理打下基础 ,现报告如下。资料和方法(一 )资料来源 :本院收集的 1996年和 2 0 0 0年全市长住人口 (1年度以上的居住户 )的围产保健册和儿童保健册 ,并将 1996年的数据全部输入电脑。2 0 0 0年采用即时录入的电子围产保健册和儿童保健册。(二 )方法 :1.标准 :传统纸张保健册和电子保健册均采用规范的妇幼保健服务模式、检查方法和病例报告形式。出生缺陷及疾病的报告凡有国…  相似文献   

9.
目的:提高湛江市区妇女儿童健康水平,降低孕产妇死亡率,使围产保健工作管理科学化和规范化。方法:湛江市霞山妇幼保健院于2008年12月~2010年12月对5 049例孕妇建立围产保健卡。围产期保健软件是指孕妇首次就诊时建立标准的孕妇档案,通过先进的电脑技术,以磁卡形式进行程序和电脑监控。医生根据每位孕妇的具体情况,提供个体化保健建议和医学指导,使孕妇掌握自身情况及胎儿发育情况,增强孕妇对医院的信任感。围产期保健软件对有高危因素的孕妇进行筛查及检测,开展高危评分,对每次检查记录进行比较,及时发现异常情况。结果:两年来,湛江市区有5 049例围产期妇女建立了围产保健卡,进入了该院围产期保健软件管理系统,筛查出高危妊娠患者485例。结论:围产期保健软件管理系统提高了孕产妇系统管理率和早孕建卡率,减少了高危妊娠的发生,保护妇女生殖健康。  相似文献   

10.
母儿系统保健服务系指孕产妇从孕期开始进行早孕登记、检查、建卡、产后访视及产后42d检查,实现胎儿期——新生儿期——产后访视跟踪一体化服务及0~7岁儿童的定期“4、2、1”体检。母儿系统保健服务是社区妇幼保健基本服务项目,其目的是控制孕产妇、儿童死亡、保证母婴安全和健康。随着社会的进步,生命科学及生殖健康,健康与疾病生育起源新概念的出现,医学模式的转变及疾病谱的变化,传统的母儿系统保健服务已不能满足人们的需求,人们对于适宜、促进性的预防和治疗的保健需求越来越多;  相似文献   

11.
12.
The objective of this study was to assess the availability and readiness of the primary health care (PHC) services of commune health centers (CHCs) in Quoc Oai, a rural district of Northern Vietnam based on the World Health Organization's Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool. The study was done in 2 steps. First, the heads of the 21 CHCs of Quoc Oai district were interviewed using SARA, a quantitative survey, and the responses were then validated by direct observations of each facility. The results showed that although the average number of health staffs in each CHC met the national standards (at least 5 staffs per CHC), its allocation within each CHC was not properly met because some CHCs had only 2 health staffs. Several health equipment and facilities were not fully available in many CHCs, and although the majority of the PHC services were available at the CHCs, their readiness remained limited. Several significant correlates between the availability of health care workers and the availability of the facilities and the PHC services were observed, suggesting that they depend upon and affect one another in the health system. Using the SARA‐based inventory, the study helps health managers and policy makers to prioritize efforts and allocate resources more appropriately. To be effective, attention should be given to how to make facilities, services, and human resources for health ready for PHC activities—more investment and support from the system (from higher to lower level) and the government.  相似文献   

13.
'Selective primary health care' and other recent vertical health strategies have been justified on the grounds that the broad primary health care (PHC) approach cannot be afforded by developing countries in the present constrained economic circumstances. This judgement is too sweeping. A simulated case example is presented, starting with baseline health expenditure data that are representative of the situation in many developing countries. It is assumed that real economic growth occurs and that government funding of health care is allowed to grow in parallel. Two annual growth rates are considered: 2 and 5 per cent. Two restrictive conditions are applied: none of the main health services is subjected to absolute cuts; and, additional funds from existing or new sources of finance are not considered. It is shown that, even with slow growth rates, substantial increases in the funding of priority (rural and PHC) services can be achieved if the growth in expenditures of lower-priority services is curtailed. Also, savings from improved health service efficiency can be channelled to priority services. The message is that the PHC approach is viable even with slow economic growth. What is required is the technical capacity to identify and plan resource flows in the health sector, and the political will to effect resource allocations according to PHC priorities. A strategic policy like PHC should not be 'adjusted' out of effective existence because of reversible economic problems. Rather, actions should be taken to reverse the adverse economic environment. International health-related agencies should continue to support countries to develop national health systems based on PHC, and should campaign for reforms in the world economy to create at least the minimum economic conditions necessary for PHC implementation.  相似文献   

14.
【目的】 了解深圳市龙岗区不同性别儿童卫生保健服务利用情况,为完善社区妇幼保健服务体系和改善妇女儿童生殖健康状况提供科学依据。【方法】 采用分层随机抽样方法,抽取深圳市龙岗区180名0~2岁儿童作为调查对象,利用自行设计的调查表进行调查,了解不同性别儿童接受保健服务情况。【结果】 94.08%的儿童有过母乳喂养,不同性别儿童母乳喂养率和开奶时间差异无统计学意义。86.67%的儿童定期进行健康体检,男童定期健康体检率高于女童,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.588,P=0.018),93.94%的儿童定期进行预防接种,不同性别儿童实施计划免疫率差异无统计学意义。【结论】 性别问题影响儿童保健服务,要将性别平等意识引入社区妇幼保健服务体系,以改善妇幼生殖健康状况。  相似文献   

15.
生育健康监测的电子化研究   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
目的:建立一套电子化的生育健康监测系统,使数据的采集、运转、汇总分析、信息反馈及管理等完全实现计算机化和网络化,进一步提高生育保健服务和科学管理水平,方法:采用先进的计算机技术和网络技术、在已有的国产保健监测、儿童保健监测和出生缺陷监测的基础上进行电子化研究,包括电子保健册、数据运转及信息反馈等系统的计算机程序设计和网络实现设计,结果:主要成果包括:(1)建立了电子数据采集系统;(2)建立了电子数据运转系统;(3)建立了电子信息反馈系统;(4)建立了相应的辅助系统。结论:这是国内首次建立的以人群为基础的生育健康电子监测系统,它具有许多优点和特点,解决了数据在采集,运转及反馈过程中的不准确性,不安全性和迟滞性等重大问题,目前,已在全国22个市(县)推广使用了这套电子监测系统,并收到很好效果。  相似文献   

16.
目的了解北方农村孕产妇围生保健特征的分布情况。方法对1997~2000年河北5县孕产妇的围生保健资料进行频数分析。结果早孕检查率由1997年的77.3% (10 513/13 607)上升到2000年的81.7%(10 998/13 460);平均产前检查次数和5次以上产前检查率1997年最高,为7.0次和87.4%(11 893/13 607),2000年时最低,为5.8次和73.2% (9 850/13 460);1997年的住院分娩率为87.4%(11 879/13 607),2000年时上升到97.3% (13 103/13 460);4年间3次及3次以上产后访视率均在95.0%以上,最高为(3.4±0.7)次, 最低为(3.3±0.6)次。结论河北省农村地区的住院分娩率已接近南方经济发达地区的水平;孕妇平均产前检查次数与5次及5次以上产前检查率呈逐年下降的趋势,这一问题有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

17.
This is the first study to compare health status and access to health care services between disabled and non-disabled men and women in urban and peri-urban areas of Sierra Leone. It pays particular attention to access to reproductive health care services and maternal health care for disabled women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009 in 5 districts of Sierra Leone, randomly selecting 17 clusters for a total sample of 425 households. All adults who were identified as being disabled, as well as a control group of randomly selected non-disabled adults, were interviewed about health and reproductive health. As expected, we showed that people with severe disabilities had less access to public health care services than non-disabled people after adjustment for other socioeconomic characteristics (bivariate modelling). However, there were no significant differences in reporting use of contraception between disabled and non-disabled people; contrary to expectations, women with disabilities were as likely to report access to maternal health care services as did non-disabled women. Rather than disability, it is socioeconomic inequality that governs access to such services. We also found that disabled women were as likely as non-disabled women to report having children and to desiring another child: they are not only sexually active, but also need access to reproductive health services. We conclude that disparity in access to government-supported health care facilities constitutes a major and persisting health inequity between persons with and without disabilities in Sierra Leone. Ensuring equal access will require further strengthening of the country's health care system. Furthermore, because the morbidity and mortality rates of pregnant women are persistently high in Sierra Leone, assessing the quality of services received is an important priority for future research.  相似文献   

18.
Objective: To highlight how evidence from studies of innovative rural and remote models of service provision can inform global health system reform in order to develop appropriate, accessible and sustainable primary health care (PHC) services to ‘difficult‐to‐service’ communities. Methods: The paper synthesises evidence from remote and rural PHC health service innovations in Australia. Results: There is a strong history of PHC innovation in Australia. Successful health service models are ‘contextualised’ to address diverse conditions. They also require systemic solutions, which address a range of interlinked factors such as governance, leadership and management, adequate funding, infrastructure, service linkages and workforce. An effective systemic approach relies on alignment of changes at the health service level with those in the external policy environment. Ideally, every level of government or health authority needs to agree on policy and funding arrangements for optimal service development. A systematic approach in addressing these health system requirements is also important. Service providers, funders and consumers need to know what type and level of services they can reasonably expect in different community contexts, but there are gaps in agreed indicators and benchmarks for PHC services. In order to be able to comprehensively monitor and evaluate services, as well as benchmarks, we need adequate national information systems. Conclusions: Despite the gaps in our knowledge, we do have a significant amount of information about what works, where and why. At a time of global PHC reform, applying this knowledge will contribute significantly to the development of appropriate, sustainable PHC services and improving access.  相似文献   

19.
目的通过对2009—2013年四平市妇幼卫生保健服务数据整理、审核、汇总和分析,掌握全市妇幼卫生工作数据,为卫生行政部门制定相应干预措施提供重要依据。方法收集2009—2013年间,四平市所辖7个县(市)区上报的妇幼卫生信息年报表、孕产妇、儿童死亡报告卡等数据进行分析研究。结果四平市儿童保健服务指标总体连续5年都有不同程度上升。2013年7岁以下儿童保健覆盖率为90.10%、3岁以下儿童系统管理率为89.83%。孕产妇保健服务各项指标均有上升,2013年系统管理率89.60%、住院分娩率100%。结论四平市近5年来儿童保健与孕产妇保健服务水平不断提高,婴儿死亡率逐年下降,孕产妇死亡率前3年逐年下降,2013年出现波动,上升幅度很大。提示妇幼卫生工作取得较好效果,但也存在一定问题,要重点加强孕产妇保健系统管理工作,特别是高危重症孕产妇的抢救与管理。  相似文献   

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