安庆市农村中老年人生命质量评价及影响因素分析

目的 调查农村地区中老年人生命质量,建立中老年人群年龄别、性别SF-36量表各维度正常参考值,并分析影响该人群生命质量的因素,为提高目标人群生命质量提供参考依据.方法 用SF-36量表对农村地区1 009名45～75岁的普通人群进行生命质量评价,同时调查可能影响生命质量的性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况等一般情况,用t检验、方差分析和多元线性回归统计方法分析影响生命质量的因素.结果 本次调查的中老年人生命质量总得分平均为73.32±24.61;多元线性回归分析显示,影响中老年人生命质量的可能因素有性别、婚姻状况、职业和年龄.结论 政府应采取积极的政策预防和控制慢性病、改善女性的家庭地位、加强对孤寡老人的救助.针对女性以及孤寡老人等社会弱势人群,在制订和实施卫生服务以及社会保障政策时应予以重点考虑,以期提高农村地区中老年人的生命质量.     

沈阳市新贫困人群生命质量调查

目的评价城市新贫困人群的生命质量,并探讨其主要影响因素.方法用SF-36量表对某社区103名新贫困人口的生命质量进行评价,采用logistic回归分析生命质量的主要影响因素.结果患病、医疗花费、债务、性别、文化程度对新贫困人群的生理健康有影响;债务对心理健康有影响.36～50岁人群中,新贫困人群的生理功能、社会功能、精神健康、活力、总体健康等维度高于贫困组;全部维度均低于非贫困组.结论SF-36量表适用于城市新贫困人群.对于36～50岁组人群,新贫困人群的生命质量接近于贫困人群,但低于非贫困人群.     

腰椎间盘突出症患者生活质量的调查分析

目的了解社区腰椎间盘突出症患者生活质量状况及相关因素，为社区腰椎间盘突出症的康复指导提供依据。方法以本院中医伤科门诊60例腰椎间盘突出症患者为研究对象，采用SF-36中文版健康调查简表，以问卷形式对腰椎间盘突出症患者进行调查。结果腰椎间盘突出症患者生活质量下降，除精力和精神健康两个维度得分略高于常模人群（P〉0．05）外，其余各维度得分显著低于中国常模人群（P〈0．05），单因素分析与年龄、性别、劳动强度及病程等有关，年龄30-50岁、男性、从事轻中度体力劳动，病程≤1年的患者生活质量较好。结论腰椎间盘突出症患者的生活质量低于正常人群，且受年龄、性别，劳动强度及病程等因素的影响。     

南充市社区卒中后患者生命质量及其影响因素调查

目的了解南充市社区卒中后患者生命质量并探索其影响因素。方法随机抽取南充市市辖社区的脑卒中后患者182例,用一般情况问卷及SF-36生活质量量表进行自评量表式调查。结果研究组的生命质量8个维度得分均低于四川省城市居民SF-36评价值,且差异有统计学意义(P0.001);经单因素分析发现,研究对象的年龄、性别、居住地、婚姻状况、合并疾病、年实际医疗费用及是否接受过脑卒中健康教育等对生命质量的多个维度有影响(P0.05);进一步经多元线性回归分析发现,研究对象生命质量的影响因素主要有年龄、合并疾病及年实际医疗费用(P0.05),另外婚姻状况及是否接受过脑卒中的健康教育等因素对个别维度有影响(P0.05)。结论南充市社区脑卒中后患者生命质量较低;注意合并疾病的管控、降低医疗费用、加强配偶的支持及对脑卒中患者加强健康教育是提高其生命质量的关键。     

城市贫困人群生命质量及其主要影响因素

目的 研究城市贫困人群生命质量及其主要影响因素。方法 用SF-36量表对沈阳市237名贫困人群和261名对照人群的生命质量进行评价。经t检验、Logistic回归分析得出主要影响因素。结果 贫困人群与对照人群的生命质量有显著性差异。年龄、性别、医疗花费、债务、救济渠道、患病对贫困人群的生理健康影响明显；而医疗花费、教育花费、债务、救济渠道则是影响贫困人群心理健康的主要因素。除生理职能(RP)维度以外，其它维度的量化值均随困难年数增加而减少。结论 被调查贫困人群的生命质量低于对照人群，尤以35～50岁年龄段的贫困人群更为明显。贫困人群的生命质量受年龄、性别、医疗花费、债务、救济渠道、患病、教育花费等因素影响。     

某漆包线企业职业人群生命质量调查与分析

目的使用SF-36简明量表调查某漆包线生产企业职业生命质量,评估低浓度苯系物、环己烷等化学毒物对作业场所工人职业生命质量的影响。方法选取某漆包线生产企业作业场所漆包岗位、拉丝岗位以及办公区进行职业病危害因素检测,采用SF-36量表对漆包岗位和拉丝岗位的职业人群进行调查,选取杭州市区居民常模和四川省城乡居民常模为外对照,同时以非苯系物、环己烷接触的拉丝岗位工人为对照。结果作业场所漆包岗位职业病危害因素属于低浓度接触。职业人群SF-36中生理功能得分86.9±14.0、总体健康77.9±34.5、活力64.9±16.0、精神健康得分66.8±13.2,生理职能77.9±34.5、躯体疼痛79.5±12.1、社会功能81.0±15.8、情感职能得分80.5±31.5。漆包岗位生理功能、总体健康、活力、精神健康得分高,生理职能、躯体疼痛、社会功能、情感职能得分低于杭州市区居民(P0.05),而除情感职能得分高于四川省城乡居民外,其他各维度得分均低(P0.05)。漆包岗位工人生理功能、躯体疼痛、总体健康得分小于拉丝岗位工人(P0.05)。结论低浓度苯系物、环己烷接触影响到职业人群生命质量。     

急性期脑卒中患者生命质量及影响因素

目的 评价急性期脑卒中患者的生命质量,并探索其生命质量的影响因素.方法 采用简明健康测量量表(SF - 12)评价301名首次发生的急性期脑卒中患者的生命质量,采用多元线性回归探索生命质量的影响因素.结果 生理功能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、社会功能维度下降最为明显,低于美国常模值(P＜0.05);影响生命质量躯体健康总评分的因素主要有性别、年龄、教育程度及rankin评分;而影响精神健康总评分的主要因素有性别、年龄、入院时间长短;其中女性、63 ～72岁年龄组、教育程度低者、生活能力差者生命质量评分下降明显.结论 脑卒中患者急性期生命质量的下降主要是表现在躯体健康方面,积极的治疗有助于患者生命质量的提高与恢复.     

唐山市冠心病患者生存质量调查及其相关因素分析

目的调查2012年1月-2014年1月在唐山市三家三级甲等医院就诊的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)患者生存质量状况并分析影响因素。方法采取单纯随机抽样的方法得到745例CHD患者临床资料,采用生存质量量表(SF-36)对患者生存质量状况进行评分并与国内常模比较;采用多重线性回归模型分析影响患者生存质量的相关因素。结果 CHD患者躯体健康相关生存质量(PCS)得分为(248.00±37.34)分,心理健康相关生存质量(MCS)得分为(236.90±47.92)分,CHD患者SF-36量表各维度评分均低于常模,P0.05。多重线性回归模型分析显示:性别、年龄、冠脉评分、吸烟、运动试验后的心率恢复值(HRR2)、血压、血脂、血糖是影响患者躯体健康相关生存质量的因素;性别、年龄、冠脉评分、文化程度、吸烟、HRR2、工作状况和经济状况是影响心理健康相关生存质量的因素。结论唐山市CHD患者生存质量低于正常人群,性别、年龄、冠脉评分、吸烟、HRR2、血压、血脂、血糖是影响患者躯体健康相关生存质量的因素,性别、年龄、冠脉评分、文化程度、吸烟、HRR2、工作状况和经济状况是影响心理健康相关生存质量的因素。     

应用SF-36量表评价低浓度苯系物、正己烷职业接触人群的生命质量

目的应用健康调查量表SF-36评估低浓度苯系物、正己烷对职业接触工人生命质量的影响,为探索如何提高接触工人生命质量提供依据。方法在深圳市龙岗区应用SF-36量表对辖区218名接触苯系物、正己烷的职业接触者进行调查,选择年龄,性别相匹配的243名非职业危害因素接触工人作为对照组,进行比较分析。结果苯系物、正己烷职业接触工人的总体健康(GH)、生理职能(RP)、生理功能(PF)、活力(VT)、社会功能(SF)、心理健康(MH)等6个维度的得分值低于非职业接触人群(P0.05)。结论长期接触低浓度苯系物、正己烷降低接触工人的生命质量;SF-36量表在评价接触职业危害因素劳动者的生命质量中有一定的应用价值。     

包头市农牧区老年人生活质量的研究

目的了解包头市农、牧区老年人生活质量的现状,分析其可能的影响因素,同时比较农、牧区老年人生活质量上存在的差异.方法采用WHO推荐的生活质量评价量表SF-36(theshort-formhealthsurveyquestionnaire,SF-36)入户访问调查.结果①农、牧区老年人SF-36量表的加权总分分别为64.16±18.76和73.94±17.48,经年龄和性别调整后表现为牧区老年人得分高于农村老年人(F=137.8,P＜0.001).②多元线性回归分析结果表明影响农村老年人生活质量的主要因素有慢性病、年龄、就医情况、文化程度和性别.影响牧区老年人生活质量的因素主要有慢性病、就医情况、婚姻状况、年龄和经济收入.结论从生活质量角度来看,没有文化、丧偶、收入低的老年人是社会的脆弱人群,在制订和实施卫生服务以及社会保障政策时应予以重点考虑.     

Health-Related Quality of Life in Coronary Heart Disease Compared to Norms in Spanish Population

AIM: To interpret health-related quality of life (HRQL) values better, it is appropriate to compare them with population norms that can serve as reference standards. This study compares the quality of life of patients who have suffered an acute episode of ischemic cardiopathy with population norms, as measured by the Spanish version of the SF-36. METHODS: 132 patients admitted to the Cardiology Department of a Spanish general hospital for an acute episode of ischemic cardiopathy were studied. HRQL was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. To compare patient with population norms, raw and adjusted data were obtained and differences with population norms were analyzed by age and sex groups at the level of the 25th percentile (25% +/- CI 95%). RESULTS: Globally, differences between the patients and the general Spanish population were evident in all SF-36 dimensions except Physical Functioning, General Health and Mental Health. However, the largest differences were observed in the youngest coronary patients (<55 years old) were in all HRQL dimensions, except Vitality and Bodily Pain, the proportions of patients below the 25th percentile of the general population exceeded 25%. CONCLUSION: The comparison between HRQL in coronary patients and that in the general population confirms the impact of the disease especially in the youngest patients, and allows intervention to be directed towards the more vulnerable groups.     

Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey questionnaire: which normative data should be used? Comparisons between the norms provided by the Omnibus Survey in Britain, the Health Survey for England and the Oxford Healthy Life Survey.

BACKGROUND: Population norms for the attributes included in measurement scales are required to provide a standard with which scores from other study populations can be compared. This study aimed to obtain population norms for the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey Questionnaire, derived from a random sample of the population in Britain who were interviewed at home, and to make comparisons with other commonly used norms. METHODS: The method was a face-to-face interview survey of a random sample of 2056 adults living at home in Britain (response rate 78 per cent). Comparisons of the SF-36 scores derived from this sample were made with the Health Survey for England and the Oxford Healthy Life Survey. RESULTS: Controlling for age and sex, many of mean scores on the SF-36 dimensions differed between the three datasets. The British interview sample had better total means for Physical Functioning, Social Functioning, Mental Health, Energy/Vitality, and General Health Perceptions. The Health (interview) Survey for England had the lowest (worst) total mean scores for Physical Functioning, Social Functioning, Role Limitations (physical), Bodily Pain, and Health Perceptions. The postal sample in central England had the lowest (worst) total mean scores for Role Limitations (emotional), Mental Health and Energy/Vitality. CONCLUSION: Responses obtained from interview methods may suffer more from social desirability bias (resulting in inflated SF-36 scores) than postal surveys. Differences in SF-36 means between surveys are also likely to reflect question order and contextual effects of the questionnaires. This indicates the importance of providing mode-specific population norms for the various methods of questionnaire administration.     

Telephone administration of the SF-36 health survey: validation studies and population norms for adults in Queensland

Abstract: The Rand Corporation medical outcomes short-form 36 health survey (SF-36) is a multidimensional measure of self-perceived general health status, which has been validated in adult populations in the United States and Great Britain, and, more recently, in an Australian population. The SF-36 is increasingly being used in health outcomes research internationally, mainly as a self-administered tool, and clearly has potential for use in Australia. This study aimed to assess the acceptability, reliability and validity of telephone administration of the instrument in the Queensland adult population, and to provide reliable population norms. We report the results of a telephone survey in which we interviewed 12 793 adults. It was the first large-scale, statewide application of the SF-36 in Australia. A response rate of 82 per cent was achieved, and the SF-36 satisfied psychometric criteria for reliability and construct validity. Population norms broken down by age and sex are provided. They will be important for the interpretation of future studies using the SF-36 in particular population or patient groups.     

Burden of restless legs syndrome on health-related quality of life

Objective To quantify the total and unique burden of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) on patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods The disease burden that RLS places on HRQoL was estimated by comparing Short-Form (SF-36) scores between individuals with RLS and several patient and general populations in the US. Regression methods were applied to estimate SF-36 normative values from the general population sample and statistically adjust them to match age, gender and disease comorbidity characteristics of the RLS sample. Significance tests were then used to compare the means across samples. Results All SF-36 measures were significantly below adjusted US general population norms. Five of the eight scales (physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality) were below US norms by 0.8 or more standard deviations (SD), while the remaining three (social functioning, role emotional, mental health) were 0.5 SD below norm. The burden of RLS was greater on physical than on mental/emotional HRQoL (physical and mental summary scores were 1.08 and 0.40 SD below norm, respectively), and greater than that observed for type-2 diabetes. Conclusion After controlling for the impact of age, gender, and disease comorbidity, RLS was associated with unique burden on both physical and mental aspects of HRQoL.     

上海市某养老院老年人生活质量的影响因素分析

目的了解上海市某养老院老年人的生活质量及其影响因素,为行业管理部门制定养老服务的相关政策提供依据。方法2011年12月应用简明健康状况调查表（SF-36）、社会支持评定量表、老年抑郁量表（GDS）和孤独量表（UCLA—LS）对养老院内160名老年人进行调查,分析影响养老院老年人生活质量的因素以及生活质量与社会支持、抑郁、孤独的相关性。结果总调查人数160名,占该养老院老人总数的76．2％,年龄分布范围为60—98岁,平均年龄（82．0±8．8）岁。逐步多元线性回归分析显示,养老院老人生活质量中与生理功能明显相关的影响因素有3个,分别是有无子女、参加体育活动频率、自我健康状况评价;与生理职能、社会功能、活力及情感职能明显相关的影响因素有3个,分别是有年龄、参加体育活动频率、自我健康状况评价;与躯体疼痛明显相关的影响因素有2个,分别是性别、自我健康状况评价;与总体健康明显相关的影响因素有4个,分别是年龄、参加体育活动频率、慢性病数目、自我健康状况评价;与精神健康明显相关的影响因素有4个,分别是年龄、居住状况、参加体育活动频率、自我健康状况评价。Spearman秩相关分析显示,养老院老人客观支持与生活质量量表中情感职能、精神健康呈正相关,其主观支持、对社会支持利用度、社会支持总分与生活质量量表各维度均呈正相关;养老院老人其抑郁分值、孤独分值与生活质量量表各维度均呈负相关。结论影响养老院内老年人生活质量的因素众多,社会及家庭应予以关注。     

长治市老年人居家照顾者的生存质量调查

目的 调查长治市老年人居家照顾者的生存质量,并分析其影响因素,探索适合本地区老年人照顾者的支持模式.方法 以长治市老年人居家照顾者为研究对象,使用生存质量量表SF-36、老年人自理能力量表ADL进行入户问卷调查,对调查数据进行统计学分析.结果 居家照顾者生存质量得分在72.1～117.0之间者占98.8%,不同自理能力老年人居家照顾者生存质量总分及8个维度得分差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0.05）.居家照顾者健康状况及老年人自理能力对居家照顾者生存质量的8个维度均有影响,年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状况及经济收入分别对居家照顾者生存质量的各维度有不同程度的影响,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 居家照顾者生存质量处于中等水平.自理能力正常老年人的居家照顾者生存质量明显高于自理能力缺陷者.居家照顾者健康状况及老年人自理能力是主要的影响因素,应针对性的采取多种干预措施,不断提高居家照顾者的生存质量.     

Statistical issues encountered in the comparison of health-related quality of life in diseased patients to published general population norms: problems and solutions.

The objectives of this study were (1) to illustrate the statistical problems encountered when comparing health-related quality of life (HRQL) measured by the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) in a diseased group to general population norms, and (2) to define age- and gender-standardized dichotomous indicator variables for each health concept and show that these indicator variables facilitate comparisons between the diseased sample and the general population. Our "diseased" group consisted of 136 sequentially consenting patients referred to the syncope clinic for assessment and treatment. Participants completed the SF-36 questionnaire before undergoing diagnostic testing. General population norms for the SF-36 are available from the responses of 2474 participants in the National Survey of Functional Health Status, conducted in 1990 in the United States. Comparison of the SF-36 in a diseased sample with general population norms is difficult, owing to skewed and unusual distributions in both groups. In addition, making comparisons within age and gender strata is difficult if the within strata sample size is small. We propose a dichotomous indicator variable for each health concept that classifies an individual as having impaired health if he or she scored lower than the 25th percentile for the appropriate age and gender general population strata. By definition, the prevalence of impaired health in the general population is 25% for all eight health concepts. Comparison between the eight health-concept variables is easy because the population norm is the same for each of them. These indicator variables are age and gender adjusted, so that even if the sample did not have the age and gender distribution as the general population, comparisons can still be made with the value of 25.     

长沙市城乡老年人生活质量调查分析

目的调查长沙市城乡老年人生活质量的现状及其影响因素，为开展老年保健工作提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法，对2339名60～91岁老年人的生活质量进行调查，分析其性别、年龄、婚姻状况、家庭结构、文化程度、职业、常见慢性病、月收入等对老年人生活质量的影响。结果年龄、居住方式、婚姻状态、月收入和患慢性病情况不同的老年人生活质量总评分比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），而性别、文化程度和职业不同的老年人生活质量总评分比较，差异无统计学意义。结论影响老年人生活质量的因素是多方面的，应针对影响因素采取有效的干预措施，以进一步提高老年人生活质量，实现“健康老龄化”。     

南京铁路职工的生命质量调查与评价

目的:了解铁路车辆段职工的生命质量现状,评价不同工种、性别、年龄、工龄的职工生命质量差异。方法:采用生命质量调查量表SF-36(Short-form 36)对南京东车辆段铁路职工进行生命质量测量。结果:不同工种职工生命质量状况存在着差异,熔接工的生命质量较差;男女之间生命质量状况无显著性差异;随年龄增长、工龄增加,生命质量呈下降趋势。结论:生命质量调查量表可用于劳动卫生中职工生命质量评价。生命质量的影响因素较多,工种、年龄、工龄等均不可忽视。