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1.
浙江省2016年成年人健康期望寿命测算研究   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
目的 测算浙江省成年居民健康期望寿命(HALE),评价浙江省成年人健康水平。方法 收集2016年浙江省死因监测资料、死因漏报调查资料和居民自报健康调查数据,采用HOPIT模型对浙江省居民自报健康调查的数据进行校正,获得成年居民伤残测度,通过Sullivan方法测算浙江省成年人HALE。结果 成年居民自报健康数据经HOPIT模型校正后,伤残测度随年龄增长明显升高(χ2=5 795.81,P<0.001),女性伤残测度高于男性(χ2=5 353.27,P<0.001);浙江省≥20岁成年人期望寿命(LE)和HALE分别为59.08岁和48.68岁,因伤残损失的健康期望寿命(LHE)为10.40岁,LHE/LE为17.61%,随年龄增长,HALE损失占LE的百分比逐渐增大。各年龄组男性的HALE(49.21岁)高于女性(48.14岁),城市(49.92岁)大于农村(47.43岁)。结论 浙江省居民LHE/LE的比例较高,男性高于女性,城市高于农村。加强女性、农村的健康保健服务应成为今后工作的重点。  相似文献   

2.
目的 了解杭州市居民的健康状况及分布情况.方法 采用沙利文法,利用杭州市社区居民自报健康调查的数据和HOPIT模型计算得到杭州市各年龄组的伤残测度,并结合简略寿命表,测算杭州市居民的健康期望寿命(HALE).结果 杭州市20~岁成年人的HALE为52.53年,而60~岁成年人HALE为6.29年.总体上,杭州市居民HALE值随着年龄的增加而降低,女性高于男性,市区高于郊县.以郊县女性老年人群HALE最低.结论 杭州市居民HALE存在明显的年龄、性别和城乡差异.  相似文献   

3.
上海市成年人伤残调整期望寿命的测算(二)   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以基于自报健康调查资料(HOPIT模型校正)所获得的人群伤残测度为基础,结合寿命表对上海市部分地区成年人伤残调整期望寿命进行测算。结果显示:上海市部分地区成年人20岁伤残调整期望寿命为41.1岁,60岁成年人为8.1岁。女性因伤残损失的健康寿命年高于男性,20岁以上女性伤残调整期望寿命低于男性。伴随人口老化,伤残对健康的影响是上海市面临的严峻挑战。伤残调整期望寿命是衡量疾病或伤残负担的一个有力工具。  相似文献   

4.
健康调整预期寿命(health-adjusted life expectancy,HALE)指在半前的死亡和疾患风险下,经过权重调整后,处于某确切年龄的个体在完全健康状态下的预期生存年数HALE是监测人口健康变化趋势、分析人口健康不平等的朿要指标北京大学公共卫生学院全球卫工学系陈鹤及其同事使用了全球疾病负担研究(global burden of diseases,GBD)提供的死亡率和伤残损失生命年率等公开数据,运用了生命表技术、苏利文方法、健康寿命差异分解方法等人口学分析技术。  相似文献   

5.
上海市部分地区成年人伤残调整期望寿命的测算   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 测算上海市部分地区成年伤残调整期望寿命。方法 应用自报健康调查资料和HOPIT模型。结果 上海市部分地区成年人20岁伤残调整期望寿命为41.1岁。60岁成年人为8.1岁。女性因伤残损失的健康寿命年高于男性。20岁以上女性伤残调整期望寿命低于男性。结论 伴随人口老龄化伤残对健康的影响是上海面临的严峻挑战。伤残调整期望寿命是衡量疾病或伤残负担的一个有力工具。  相似文献   

6.
目的了解2018年湖北省居民健康期望寿命情况。方法利用CHOPIT模型矫正2018年湖北省自报健康调查中收集的健康自报数据从而得到伤残测度,在简略寿命表基础上用沙利文法计算湖北省居民健康期望寿命。结果湖北省居民出生时HALE为54.46岁,男性53.64岁,女性55.37岁,城市人群54.77岁,乡村人群54.01岁,可见女性高于男性,城市高于乡村。结论湖北省居民健康期望寿命存在年龄、性别和城乡差异。  相似文献   

7.
北京市成年人健康期望寿命影响因素分析   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
目的 了解北京市成年人健康期望寿命(HALE)主要影响因素。方法 采用沙利文法,利用北京市成年人居民自报健康调查的数据和HOPIT模型计算得到北京市各年龄组的伤残测度和HALE,以伤残测度为因变量利用广义相加模型分析评价北京市成年人HALE的影响因素。结果 影响北京市成年人HALE的主要影响因素有年龄(t=40.351,P<0.001)、性别(t=9.689,P<0.001)、学历(t=5.021,P<0.001)、体育锻炼(t=5.487,P<0.001)和饮酒(t=-2.380,P=0.017)有统计学意义,人均月收入(χ2=3.949,P=0.044)对北京市成年人HALE的影响是非线性的。结论 收入较低和较高都会导致伤残测度的增加,从而降低HALE,提倡健康的生活方式及重点加强女性的健康保健服务应成为今后工作的重点。  相似文献   

8.
目的 分析2010-2019年广州市期望寿命和健康调整期望寿命(HALE)的时空分布,量化不同病因及其后遗症对健康的综合影响。方法 利用2010-2019年广州市CDC的死因监测数据和全球疾病负担研究公开数据,基于寿命表法和沙利文法分别估算期望寿命和HALE,以伤残损失寿命年折合法计算去病因健康调整期望寿命。使用Joinpoint对数线性回归分析时间趋势,并描述空间分布。结果 2019年,广州市居民期望寿命为82.9岁(男性80.1岁,女性85.9岁),HALE为75.6岁(男性74.0岁,女性77.3岁)。中心城区相对城区边缘有更高的期望寿命和HALE,且期望寿命与HALE的差值更小。2010-2019年,广州市居民期望寿命和HALE整体呈上升趋势。全市期望寿命增加2.8岁[平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)=0.4,95%CI:0.3~0.4],其中,男性和女性分别增加2.8岁和2.9岁;全市HALE增加2.4岁(AAPC=0.3,95%CI:0.3~0.4),其中,男性和女性分别增加2.5岁和2.2岁。因传染性疾病、孕产妇疾病、新生儿疾病和营养疾病失去的平均健康寿命中位数为6.2年(AAPC=-4.2,95%CI:-5.3~-3.1),因非传染性疾病失去的平均健康寿命中位数为14.7年(AAPC=1.6,95%CI:0.9~2.3),因伤害失去的平均健康寿命中位数为6.3年(AAPC=-3.5,95%CI:-4.5~-2.6)。其中,因肌肉骨骼疾病、皮肤和皮下疾病、心血管疾病、营养不良、糖尿病和肾脏病失去的平均健康寿命中位数高居前5位。结论 2010-2019年广州市居民期望寿命和HALE稳定增长,但城区边缘居民的生命质量低于中心城区。非传染性疾病是健康寿命损失的主要原因。需根据地域特征制定健康政策和防治措施,针对重点疾病合理分配社会医疗资源,以降低其疾病负担。  相似文献   

9.
上海市成年人健康期望寿命测算研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
目的 评价上海市居民健康状况,测算健康期望寿命,分析影响居民健康相关因素,为卫生决策提供有力的信息和依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法随机抽取上海市≥18岁户籍居民作为调查对象,采用WHO在世界健康调查中使用的自评健康调查问卷,进行居民自评健康状况调查。应用CHOHT模型校正自评健康调查数据,获得人群自报伤残测度,结合上海市居民出生、死亡和人口资料编制人口寿命表计算期望寿命,采用Sullivan法测算居民健康期望寿命。结果 2017年上海市≥18岁成年人自评伤残测度为0.25,女性(0.28)高于男性(0.23);≥18岁成年人期望寿命为65.76岁,女性(68.22岁)高于男性(63.39岁);≥18岁成年人健康期望寿命为47.99岁,男性(49.05岁)高于女性(47.14岁);健康期望寿命在期望寿命中的比例随年龄增加逐渐降低,18岁组居民健康期望寿命占期望寿命比例为72.97%,至85岁组仅为39.00%。结论 上海市成年人男性健康水平高于女性,随着年龄增加健康期望寿命损失占期望寿命的比例越来越高。应重视提高女性、老龄等人群的生存质量,提升对影响居民寿命质量的慢性病等重大疾病防控,加强重点人群的长期照护及健康支持体系,提升居民健康水平和生活质量。  相似文献   

10.
目的 综合评价蓬莱市道路交通伤害的健康和社会经济负担.方法 以蓬莱市2006-2007年居民死亡原因登记系统中数据和伤害抽样调查资料为基础,估计道路交通事故导致的死亡和伤残现状,按照全球疾病负担研究中伤残调整寿命年(DALY)公式,利用直接法测算疾病健康负担,并评价道路交通伤害的经济负担.结果 蓬莱市平均每年因道路交通伤害造成31 373.04个健康寿命年损失,相当于每1000人损失70.59个健康寿命年;男性健康寿命年损失高于女性;15~44岁年龄段青壮年健康寿命年损失最高,占全部寿命损失的一半以上;DALY主要由失能所致的寿命损失年(YLD)构成(占79.45%).两年间总经济损失为21.85亿元,占同期GDP总量的4.89%,其中间接经济损失达21.52亿元,占全部损失的98.45%,男性造成经济损失明显高于女性,15~59岁年龄段经济损失占全部损失的97.65%.结论 道路交通伤害严重影响蓬莱市居民身体健康,给个人、家庭和社会带来沉重的负担.
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the burden of road traffic injury (RTI) from perspectives both on the health of population and on social economic status so as to provide scientific evidence for policy making. Methods The status of mortality and disability caused by traffic accident in Penglai county was estimated, based on data from death registration and a sampling survey from 2006 to 2007.Together with the disability weights gained from global burden of disease (GBD) , health burden (DALY) was measured with GBD formula. The economic burden of RTI was evaluated. Results Average loss of the health life years (HLY) related to RTI was 31 373.04 per year. 70.59 HLY were lost per 1000 persons. Loss among the males was higher than females. The loss of DALY among the age group 15-44 years ranked the first place (39 209.71 HLY) which accounted for 62.42% of the total DALY. 79.45% of the total DALY were caused by disability. In 2006 and 2007 ,the economic loss caused by RTI was as high as 2.19 billion RMB, which accounted for 4.89% of the total amount of GDP while the indirect economic costs (2.15 billion RMB) accounted for 98.45% of the total costs in Penglai city. The economic loss of the males was obviously higher than the females and the loss by the group aged 15-59 years old accounted for 97.65% of the total. Conclusion RTI had severely influenced the health of the residents in Penglai city and brought heavy burden to the individuals,families as well as the society.  相似文献   

11.
目的 分析浙江省居民1998、2003和2008年健康期望寿命以及年龄、性别和城乡之间的差异.方法 利用浙江省死因监测资料和浙江省卫生服务调查家庭户成员相关健康资料,采用Sullivan法计算健康期望寿命.结果 浙江省居民期望寿命、健康期望寿命和健康期望寿命比值,1998年为73.89岁、58.09岁和78.62%,2003年为75.91岁、57.76岁和76.08%,2008年为76.70岁、59.57岁和77.66%.浙江省居民期望寿命、健康期望寿命和健康期望寿命比值均随着年龄的上升而下降.女性期望寿命高于男性,男性健康期望寿命比值高于女性.城市居民期望寿命高于农村居民,但是农村居民健康期望寿命和健康期望寿命比值均高于城市居民.结论 浙江省居民期望寿命随着年份递增而递增,不同年龄、不同性别和不同地区的健康期望寿命存在差异,应采取不同卫生政策.  相似文献   

12.
目的 分析中国及各省期望寿命和健康期望寿命现状及其变化情况。方法 利用2015年全球疾病负担研究结果,对2015年中国居民与全球主要国家期望寿命和健康期望寿命进行比较;分析全国及各省期望寿命和健康期望寿命的差异和1990-2015年全国及各省期望寿命和健康期望寿命的变化幅度。结果 2015年中国居民的期望寿命为76.2岁,健康期望寿命为68.0岁,分别比全球平均水平高出4.4岁和5.2岁。2015年中国人均期望寿命和健康期望寿命,女性均高于男性。我国期望寿命和健康期望寿命较高的省份有上海、北京、香港、澳门、浙江、江苏、天津和广东等东部发达省份,较低的省份有西藏、青海、贵州、新疆和云南等西部省份。1990-2015年,中国居民期望寿命和健康期望寿命均呈上升趋势,期望寿命增加了9.5岁,健康期望寿命增加了8.4岁。全国及各省期望寿命增加的岁数均高于健康期望寿命增加的岁数。结论 1990-2015年中国居民的期望寿命和健康期望寿命有了较大程度的提高,但各省之间差异较大。  相似文献   

13.
上海市居民期望寿命与健康期望寿命的差异分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
目的 分析不同年龄、性别的上海市居民期望寿命和健康期望寿命的差异。方法 分析比较上海市和全球长寿国家/地区期望寿命的变化趋势;利用全球疾病负担研究建立的疾病和健康结局的失能权重,应用Sullivan法测算上海市居民健康期望寿命,并分析不同年龄、性别人群的健康寿命损失。结果 近40年,上海市期望寿命增长了10.86岁,2016年上海市居民期望寿命为83.18岁,其中男性80.83岁,女性85.61岁。健康期望寿命为69.46岁,其中男性为68.68岁,女性为70.23岁;与期望寿命的差距分别为13.72、12.15和15.38岁;分别占期望寿命的16.49%、15.02%和17.97%。与期望寿命相同,各年龄组女性的健康期望寿命均高于男性,平均差距为1.76岁,两者差距在20~24岁组最小为1.36岁,70~74岁组最大为2.24岁。健康期望寿命损失率随着年龄的上升而上升,<65岁女性高于男性,≥65岁则相反。结论 上海市期望寿命已达世界领先水平,但健康寿命损失较大,需要在降低死亡率的基础上进一步提高寿命质量,尤其是女性和≥65岁男性是重点关注人群。  相似文献   

14.
辽宁省城乡居民30年间出生期望寿命差异分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
目的 分析30年间辽宁省城乡居民出生期望寿命的变化及主要疾病死亡率对期望寿命年代差异的影响.方法 应用简略寿命表法、期望寿命差异的年龄分解和死因分解法分析辽宁省城乡居民1973-1975年和2004-2005年的死亡数据,以死亡率变化对出生期望寿命年代差异的贡献值及百分比为分析指标.结果 30年间辽宁省城市、农村居民期望寿命分别增加了4.68岁和4.91岁,女性增幅显著大于男性.0~4岁和55~74岁组人群死亡率下降对城乡居民期望寿命增加的贡献比例最大,男性为76.27%和82.81%,女性为58.76%和62.13%.呼吸系统疾病和传染病是对期望寿命年代差异贡献最大的两类疾病;呼吸系统疾病死亡率下降对不同人群期望寿命增加的贡献比例为62.20%(城市女性)~85.39%(农村男性),传染病的贡献比为16.70%(城市女性)~36.26%(农村男性).城乡居民心脏病死亡率、农村居民脑血管病和恶性肿瘤死亡率的增加对期望寿命年代差异的贡献率为负值.结论 呼吸系统疾病和传染病是影响30年间辽宁省城乡居民期望寿命差异的主要疾病,提高慢性非传染性疾病的防治水平是进一步提高居民期望寿命的关键.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the impact of mortality by age and causes of death on life expectancy at birth among residents of Liaoning province.Methods The study included mortality data of urban and rural residents in two periods (1973-1975 and 2004-2005).Both Abridged Life Table and Arriaga method were used to calculate and to decompose life expectancy changes by age and causes of death.Results From 1975-2005,the life expectancy increased by 4.68 years in urban residents and 4.91 for rural residents with a higher increment among females than males.Most part of the increase (76.27% and 82.81% for urban and rural male,58.76% and 62.13% for urban and rural female) in life expectancy within the last 30 years could be explained by the decrease of mortality in the populations at age 0-4 and 55-74.Diseases related to respiratory system and infectious disease were contributing the most to the gap in life expectancy between the two periods.Mortality of heart disease was a negative contributor to the changes in life expectancy among both rural and urban residents while the mortalities of cerebro-vascular diseases and malignant tumors were the negative contributors for rural residents.Conclusion The increase of life expectancy in the last 30 years was mainly resulted from the decrease of mortality on both respiratory and infectious diseases.Control of chronic diseases is the key point to increase the life expectancy among the residents of Liaoning province.  相似文献   

15.

Background

The objective of this paper is to provide analytical research that supported the European Commission in setting the global target of additional two healthy life years (HLY) at birth by 2020 in the EU on average, within the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (the EIP on AHA). It produces a straightforward analysis of HLY projections that helped the European Commission set a firm, politically sound, target. In order to reach that goal, policy makers need to commit to redefining health priorities and goals and developing and implementing relevant strategies and programmes.

Methods

The study computes a simple simulation of the HLY at birth based on three demographic scenarios: compression of morbidity, expansion of morbidity and an intermediary scenario, the dynamic equilibrium, given the expected 2.1 year gain in male and 1.6 in female life expectancy (LE) by 2020. Data on HLY and projections of life expectancy were obtained from Eurostat and 2008 was taken as a baseline. For consistency and given data gaps, EU27 average values of HLY were calculated.

Results

In the EU27 as a whole, the difference between LE and HLY in 2008 was nearly 15 years for men and 20 years for women. The developments of healthy life expectancies across the EU Member States (MSs) are even more diverse that makes it difficult to model any robust EU level trends.Under compression of morbidity, life expectancy and HLY would increase by 2020 on average by 2.1 and 2.0 years for men and by 1.6 and 1.4 years for women respectively. The expected years with disability would remain unchanged while the HLY/LE ratio would improve leading to a 0.5% gain for both genders. Under expansion of morbidity, life expectancy would increase by 2.1 years for men and 1.4 years for women by 2020, while HLY would remain unchanged and the expected years with disability would increase by 2.1 years and 1.6 years in women. This would imply the deterioration of the HLY/LE ratio for both men and women generating a 2.2% and 1.4% loss of health for men and women accordingly. Under dynamic equilibrium, the HLY would increase but to a lesser extent as the rise in life expectancy. The HLY would increase by 1.6 and 1.2 years for men and women respectively. HLY/LE ratio would remain unchanged for both men (+0.1%) and women. The study shows that the first scenario would reduce the HLY gap between the EU MSs by 1.4 years in men and 1.2 years in women, the second would generate no change, while the third one would reduce the gap by 0.9 years in men and increase it by 0.7 years in women.

Conclusions

The results of the study triggered the political decision of setting the global target of 2 additional HLY for the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing to be achieved by 2020. It is a ‘grand’ goal but can be achieved. Statistics clearly show that EU countries characterise very different levels of health progress, with a gap of 2 decades and diverging trends. With this in mind, the EU HLY target should be complemented by national HLY targets for men and women, set by MSs.  相似文献   

16.
目的:基于卫生系统现有数据测算北京市居民健康期望寿命,对该指标本土化研究与应用提出建议。资料与方法:利用2008年北京市年度人口和死亡资料,第四次国家卫生服务调查和第二次全国残疾人抽样调查资料,基于沙利文法测算常用健康期望寿命指标。结果:2008年北京市居民0岁自评健康期望寿命为72.75岁,男性71.22岁,女性73.89岁。0岁无失能期望寿命75.18岁,男性73.85岁,女性76.56岁。0岁无慢性病期望寿命62.73岁,男性61.87岁,女性63.75岁。北京居民健康期望寿命在期望寿命中的占比男性通常高于女性,但老年人口中,男性健康期望寿命在期望寿命中的占比低于女性。政策建议:使用健康期望寿命作为居民健康状况评价的重要指标,借鉴国外成熟经验建立本土化的数据报告和收集制度,推进居民全生命周期人口相关信息数据的整合与利用,重视老年人口的长期照护需求及其健康支持体系建设。  相似文献   

17.
Sullivan's method and a regression model were used to calculate healthy life expectancy (HALE) for men and women in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR) of China. These methods need estimates of the prevalence and information on disability distributions of 109 diseases and HALE for 191 countries by age, sex and region of the world from the WHO's health assessment of 2000. The population of Hong Kong SAR has one of the highest healthy life expectancies in the world. Sullivan's method gives higher estimates than the classic linear regression method. Although Sullivan's method accurately calculates the influence of disease prevalence within small areas and regions, the regression method can approximate HALE for all economies for which information on life expectancy is available. This paper identifies some problems of the two methods and discusses the accuracy of estimates of HALE that rely on data from the WHO assessment.  相似文献   

18.
ABSTRACT: The objectives of this study were to estimate life expectancy (LE) and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) for Canadians with and without diabetes and to evaluate the impact of diabetes on population health using administrative and survey data.Mortality data from the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System (2004 to 2006) and Health Utilities Index data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2000 to 2005) were used. Life table analysis was applied to calculate LE, HALE, and their confidence intervals using the Chiang and the adapted Sullivan methods.LE and HALE were significantly lower among people with diabetes than for people without the disease. LE and HALE for females without diabetes were 85.0 and 73.3?years, respectively (males: 80.2 and 70.9?years). Diabetes was associated with a loss of LE and HALE of 6.0?years and 5.8?years, respectively, for females, and 5.0?years and 5.3?years, respectively, for males, living with diabetes at 55?years of age. The overall gains in LE and HALE after the hypothetical elimination of prevalent diagnosed diabetes cases in the population were 1.4?years and 1.2?years, respectively, for females, and 1.3?years for both LE and HALE for males.The results of the study confirm that diabetes is an important disease burden in Canada impacting the female and male populations differently. The methods can be used to calculate LE and HALE for other chronic conditions, providing useful information for public health researchers and policymakers.  相似文献   

19.
目的:预测"十二五"期间北京市人均期望寿命,描述其变化趋势,为政策分析提供依据。方法:利用北京市卫生局公布的北京市2003—2010年人均期望寿命数据,应用一阶自回归模型,对"十二五"期间北京市人均期望寿命进行预测。结果:在本研究模型的既定水平下,2015年北京市人均期望寿命预测值为81.73岁,低于预期目标值0.1岁左右,预测值的90%可信区间为[81.13,82.33]岁,相比预期目标值上限预测值则较为乐观。结论:近年来北京市人均期望寿命的增长趋缓已进入平台期,"十二五"期间人均增长1岁的目标基本可以实现,未来应当重视健康期望寿命的研究与应用。  相似文献   

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