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1.
目的探讨完美主义与拖延之间的关系。方法采用Frost多维完美主义量表和拖延问卷对700名大学生进行问卷调查。结果高校学生拖延得分(2.70±0.54),完美主义得分(2.78±0.54);高完美主义者在延迟开始、坐失时机、拖延总分上得分高于低完美主义者(P〈0.05);完美主义各因子与拖延各因子之间存在不同程度的相关(r=-0.0940.41,P〈0.05);除父母期望外,完美主义各因子对拖延有预测作用。结论高完美主义倾向的个体表现出更多的拖延行为,完美主义对拖延产生重要的影响。  相似文献   

2.
考察大学师范生完美主义、主动拖延与焦虑的关系,为开展心理健康教育提供依据.方法 采用多维度完美主义量表、主动拖延量表、焦虑量表,对方便抽取的潮州市2所师范院校1 589名师范类大学生进行调查.结果 男生完美主义、主动拖延得分均高于女生(t值分别为4.35,8.58,P值均<0.01),理工类学生主动拖延得分高于文史类学生(t=-3.54,P<0.01).师范类大学生完美主义、主动拖延与焦虑间存在正相关(r值分别为0.21,0.20,P值均<0.01),完美主义与主动拖延间也呈正相关(r=0.37,P<0.01).完美主义(β=0.21,P<0.01)、主动拖延(β=0.20,P<0.01)在单独及共同进入回归方程时(β=0.15,P<0.01)均能预测焦虑.主动拖延在完美主义与焦虑间起部分中介作用.结论 师范类大学生完美主义、主动拖延与焦虑关系密切.可通过改善完美主义和主动拖延水平,提高大学师范生的心理健康水平.  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨完美主义对A型人格大学生拖延行为的影响。方法采用A型行为类型问卷(TABP),Aitken拖延问卷(API)以及多维完美主义量表(MPS)对285名大学生进行测量。结果 A型人格大学生与B型人格大学生的拖延行为水平无显著差异;A型人格大学生在MPS 2个分量表中的总分及在各个维度上的得分均高于B型人格大学生,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);A型人格特征各维度与完美主义各维度有显著相关关系;在A型人格大学生中,完美主义的"社会规定性完美主义"维度对拖延行为有负向预测作用,"完美主义情绪"维度对拖延行为有正向预测作用。结论 A型人格大学生比B型人格大学生具有更高的完美主义倾向,在A型人格大学生中,完美主义对拖延行为有一定的预测作用。  相似文献   

4.
目的 探讨本科生完美主义倾向与就业焦虑之间的关系及职业决策自我效能感在其中的调节作用,为做好本科生就业指导教育提供一定的理论依据。方法 采用近乎完美主义量表(APS-R)、职业决策自我效能量表(CDMSES)和就业焦虑量表(EAS)对通过方便抽样法抽取的324名本科生进行匿名问卷调查,资料进行t检验、Pearson相关分析及分层回归分析。 324名研究对象完美主义得分为(98.31±16.46)分、职业决策自我效能感得分为(132.21±21.91)分、就业焦虑得分为(28.28±9.75)分。完美主义、职业决策自我效能感得分在生源地、本科学制、是否为应届毕业生上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),就业焦虑在生源地、本科学制、是否为应届毕业生上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。职业决策自我效能感与完美主义总体呈正相关(r=0.220,P<0.01),就业焦虑与职业决策自我效能感呈负相关(r=-0.203,P<0.01);职业决策自我效能感在完美主义与就业焦虑之间起到调节作用(β=0.132,P<0.01)。 本科生追求完美主义的倾向、职业决策自我效能感与就业焦虑的关系密切,职业决策自我效能感在完美主义倾向与就业焦虑之间有调节作用。提高本科生职业决策自我效能感,能够缓解因完美主义而带来的就业焦虑,有利于本科生更好的就业。  相似文献   

5.
目的考察特殊教育教师完美主义、一般自我效能感与职业倦怠的关系。方法 2019年10月采用中文版Frost多维完美主义量表、教师职业倦怠量表和一般自我效能感调查表对北京、山东、江苏3个地区的特殊教育教师进行问卷调查。结果共调查174名特殊教育教师,其一般自我效能感、完美主义、职业倦怠得分分别为2.52±0.59、2.97±0.54、2.78±0.41。不同婚姻状况、年龄、学校类型、学历的特殊教育教师一般自我效能感得分差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01)。不同性别的特殊教育教师完美主义得分差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。不同学校类型的特殊教育教师职业倦怠得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。担心错误、父母期望、个人标准、行动疑惑以及完美主义总分与教师职业倦怠得分呈正相关(均P0.01)。完美主义对特殊教师职业倦怠有显著正向预测作用(β=0.398,F=32.302,P0.01),预测量为15.3%。结论特殊教育教师的总体完美主义倾向越高就越有可能产生职业倦怠。  相似文献   

6.
目的了解安徽省某高职护理及助产专业学生学习拖延现状,分析学生学习拖延行为与其学习倦怠之间的相关性。方法 2019年3—4月,采用Aitken拖延问卷、大学生学习倦怠量表、焦虑自评量表(SAS),以用分层与整群抽样方式,对477名安微省某高职院校护理及助产专业在校学生进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果对477名学生的拖延行为得分为53.63±12.35,其中无拖延41人(8.60%)、轻度拖延363人(76.1%)、重度拖延73人(15.30%),不同家庭居住地、是否独生之女、焦虑程度学生的学习拖延行为比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),不同性别和专业的学生学习拖延行为比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);477名学生学习倦怠总得分为44.46±10.24,其中情绪低落得分为21.62±5.72,行为不当得分为18.29±2.77,成就感低得分为20.66±6.70。不同年级、焦虑程度的学生学习倦怠评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);学生学习拖延行为与情绪低落、行为不当、成就感低以及总学习倦怠呈正相关关系(P0.05)。结论安徽省某高职院校学生拖延行为、学习倦怠情况并不乐观,特别是高年级和存在焦虑情况的学生更为严重,年级、焦虑程度、情绪低落、成就感低是影响安徽省某高职院校学生拖延行为的危险因素。  相似文献   

7.
驻山区某部科研工作人员个性发展特征调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的探讨驻山区部队中从事科研工作军人的人格发展特征。方法用卡特尔个性因素问卷(16PF)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对驻山区某部从事科研工作的700名军人进行团体测试,并按性别、年龄、军龄、军衔和心理健康水平分组,进行组间t检验和单因素方差分析。结果(1)男性乐群性、兴奋性等因子得分显著低于女性(P<0.01),聪慧性、稳定性等因子得分显著高于女性(P<0.01);(2)随着年龄增加,调查对象在兴奋性、独立性等因子得分呈显著上升趋势,而敏感性得分则相反(P<0.05);(3)随着军龄增加,调查对象的独立性因子得分呈显著上升趋势,而稳定性、敏感性因子得分则反之(P<0.05);(4)士兵有恒性、敏感性等因子得分显著高于士官,而独立性、感情用事等因子得分则反之(P<0.05);士兵的乐群性、紧张性等因子得分显著高于军官,独立性、感情用事等因子得分则反之(P<0.05)。(5)心理健康者与心理不健康者间,除聪慧性、敏感性等因子外,其余各因子得分均有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论驻山区科研部队军人人格发展存在明显的性别、年龄、军龄和军衔特征,这种特征与军人心理健康有一定的关系。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨游泳教学对军校学员心理健康的影响。方法采用整群抽样的方法,随机抽取350人,进行6周游泳教学,以SCL-90为测评工具,进行游泳教学前后SCL-90因子得分的配对T检验,并按性别、专业、出生环境和学员成分分组,进行组内前后比较。结果①游泳教学后,除躯体化外,军校学员总体SCL-90各因子分、总均分和阳性项目数均显著降低(P<0.05);②游泳教学后,除躯体化、恐怖因子外,男性学员SCL-90各因子分、总均分和阳性项目数均显著降低(P<0.05);除躯体化外,女性学员SCL-90各因子分、总均分和阳性项目数均显著降低(P<0.05);③游泳教学后,除躯体化、恐怖因子外,独生子女SCL-90各因子分、总均分和阳性项目数均显著降低(P<0.05);除躯体化外,非独生子女SCL-90各因子分、总均分和阳性项目数均显著降低(P<0.05);④游泳教学后,除躯体化因子外,军队统招学员SCL-90各因子分、总均分和阳性项目数均显著降低(P<0.05);除躯体化、焦虑和恐怖外,地方自费学员SCL-90各因子分、总均分和阳性项目数均显著降低(P<0.05);⑤游泳教学后,临床专业学员SCL-90强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子得分显著降低(P<0.05);护理专业学员强迫、人际关系、抑郁、敌对因子得分显著降低(P<0.05);除躯体化、敌对和恐怖外,其他专业学员SCL-90各因子分、总均分和阳性项目数均显著降低(P<0.05)。结论游泳教学对军校学员的心理健康有明显的促进作用,游泳教学是实施心理健康教育的有效途径。  相似文献   

9.
目的了解武汉市大学生拖延行为的现状及人群分布特征,为后期采取相应的措施提供理论依据。方法采用一般拖延问卷(GPS)对武汉市537名大学生进行调查。结果 537名大学生拖延平均得分为(61.79±8.11)分,91.1%的大学生有不同程度的拖延行为;是否攻读双学位即有双学位(63. 70±11. 80),无双学位(61. 43±7. 75);不同院校的大学生即武汉大学(54. 13±12. 44),湖北工业大学(51. 44±12. 25),武汉工程大学(55. 28±13. 58),武汉科技大学城市学院(48. 52±12. 36),湖北工业大学商贸学院(75. 99±10. 46),在拖延得分上差异有统计学意义(P0.05),攻读双学位的学生拖延得分高,不同院校之间得分存在差异,但并未显示出层级差异;大学生拖延行为在性别、年级、独生子女与否、身体状况、经济状况、家庭居住地、专业、学习难度、专业满意度和是否参加实习上的得分布差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论拖延行为在武汉市大学生中普遍存在;攻读双学位和就读不同的学校对大学生的拖延行为存在一定程度的影响。高校教师在设置课程时应考虑攻读双学位学生的特殊性并协助合理安排各项学习任务。在营造良好学习氛围的同时还应该关注学生的学习压力,及时调整。  相似文献   

10.
目的探讨贵州省少数民族教师的职业压力状况及其与心理健康的关系,为提高少数民族地区中小学教师心理健康水平提供依据。方法随机抽取贵州省3个少数民族自治州18所学校542名中小学教师,采用中小学教师职业压力问卷和症状自评量表(SCI-90)进行调查。结果不同性别民族中小学教师职业压力各因素得分差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);高中教师和初中教师考试压力得分分别为(3.25±1.15)和(3.19±1.06)分,明显高于小学教师(2.89±1.03)分(P0.05);高中教师工作负荷得分为(3.10±1.15)分,明显高于小学教师(2.86±1.00)(P0.05);农村教师家庭人际关系压力得分为(2.67±0.97),明显高于城镇和城市教师,分别为(2.43±0.82)和(2.29±0.84)分(P0.05);中小学教师职业压力各因素与SCL-90各因子之间的相关性差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论从教师的人际关系、职业发展等方面着手,降低中小学教师的职业压力是提高教师心理健康水平、预防心理疾病的有效途径  相似文献   

11.
Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.  相似文献   

12.
This paper examines media coverage of 'breast cancer genetics', and explores its implications for public understanding. We present a content analysis of coverage in British newspapers and look at a variety of popular forms, including women's magazines, television soap opera and radio drama. Genetic/inherited risk receives a great deal of coverage across a wide range of media formats and outlets. Much of this attention has focused on individuals from 'high risk families' and dilemmas around prophylactic mastectomies. Through examining media coverage, combined with interviews with media personnel and their sources, we show why this story proved so attractive to the media and highlight the different production values which influence coverage. Finally, we introduce preliminary findings from focus group discussions to demonstrate how such 'human interest' framing has engaged audience attention and influenced public understandings. The paper concludes by highlighting the implications for analysing, predicting, and engaging with, media representations of science.  相似文献   

13.
深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.  相似文献   

14.
Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO2. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO2 at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO2 gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2 also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO2.  相似文献   

15.
Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.  相似文献   

16.
The risk of heat exhaustion at a deep underground metalliferous mine was assessed in relation to thermal conditions prevailing on the surface. For each day of a 1-year prospective case series of heat exhaustion, surface 24-h mean wet and dry bulb temperatures were recorded. From this data, 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperatures were derived using certain assumptions. The three surface temperature variables were significantly higher on those days on which heat exhaustion occurred, compared to those days on which it did not occur (P < 0.001). The relative risk of heat exhaustion on days when the 24-h mean wet bulb globe temperature was in the range 26.0-28.0 degrees C was 4.82 (95% confidence interval 2.12-10.96). Surface temperature data could be used at this mine to warn miners about the risk of heat exhaustion.  相似文献   

17.
Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).  相似文献   

18.

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.  相似文献   

19.
20.
Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.  相似文献   

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