原子吸收法测定31种蔬菜水果中的微量元素含量

目的了解西安市市售常见蔬菜水果中微量元素含量,为指导人们的健康饮食提供参考数据。方珐采用原子吸收光谱法测定26种蔬菜和5种水果中的钙、镁、锌、铁、锰、铜、铅等元素含量。结果样品中钙含量前三位的蔬菜为白蒿、芹菜、青菜,钙含量最高的水果为橙子;镁含量前三位的蔬菜为白蒿、红薯、菠菜,镁含量最高的水果为香蕉;铁含量最高的蔬菜、水果分别为白蒿、菠萝;锌含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为莴笋和苹果;铜元素含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为红薯和苹果;锰含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为生姜和菠萝;铅含量前三位的蔬菜是平菇、莲花白和莴笋。钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锰含量的变化范围分别为18．64～2728．35mg／kg、46．03～572．28mg／kg、1．45～141．46mg／kg、8．25～83．67mg／kg、0．01～4．659mg／kg、0．124～43．383mg／kg、0．148～8．384mg／kg。结论不同蔬菜、水果中微量元素含量差别较大,人们应该合理膳食、平衡营养。     

泉州市蔬菜水果中6种元素含量分析

用火焰原子吸收分光光度法对泉州市的２５种蔬菜，９种水果进行锌、铜、锰、铁、钙、镁６种元素含量测定。测定回收率为９１．２％～１０１．６％。结果，蔬菜中的锌、钙、铁含量显著高于水果。所测的蔬菜、水果，为菠菜中的铁、铜、锌含量最高，其余的镁、锰、钙３种元素含量最高的分别为香蕉、芋头、小白菜     

虎皮兰中营养元素含量的测定

采用火焰法对虎皮兰中的营养元素进行测定,结果表明：虎皮兰中含有铜、锌、铁、锰、钾、钠、镁、钙等营养元素,其中钙含量最高,为172．85mg／g,镁含量次之,为42．87mg／g,钾、铁、锰的含量也较高,分别为钾0．1212mg／g,铁0．1066mg／g,锰0．0770mg／g。为进一步深入研究虎皮兰提供科学的理论依据。     

野生牛肝菌化学成分分析及遗传毒性研究

目的了解野生牛肝菌的化学成分及对小鼠的遗传毒性。方法测定了野生牛肝菌氮、磷、铜、铁、钙、锰、锌、硒含量，进行了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌微粒体酶、小鼠微核、小鼠精子畸形三项遗传毒性实验，其检测方法参照《保健食品检验与评价技术规范》进行。结果野生牛肝菌蛋白质（N）含量为219000ms／ks、磷为500ms／ks、铜为13．2mg／kg、铁122．6mg／kg、锌为19．6mg／kg、钙为21．6ms／ks、锰为22．6mg／kg、硒为5．3ms／ks。三项遗传毒性实验结果阴性。结论野生牛肝菌是一种富含蛋白质和各种矿物元素、无致突变性的野生菌。     

轮状病毒肠炎微量元素水平的变化及其意义

目的：探讨7种微量元素在轮状病毒肠炎发病中的意义。方法：随机选择59例确诊为轮状病毒肠炎的患儿，检测其血清锌、铁、铜、钙、锰、铅、镁等7种微量元素水平。结果：与参考值均值相比较，除锌外，铁、锰、铅水平显著升高，而铜、钙、镁水平则明显降低；与参考值上、下限相比较，锌、铅、钙、镁4种元素以降低为主，低于下限的例数分别占总例数的10．2％、10．2％、30．5％、74．6％，而铁、锰则以增高为主，高于上限的例数分别占总例数的16．9％、25．4％，铅则全部在正常范围之内。结论：多种微量元素水平异常可能与轮状病毒肠炎的发病有关。     

不同价态锰对不同月龄大鼠血清常量及微量元素的影响

[目的]观察不同价态锰对大鼠血清常量及微量元素的影响及不同鼠龄动物对锰毒性易感性的差异。[方法]将4月龄和18月龄大鼠分别随机分为对照、二价锰和三价锰组，染锰组分别给予相应价态的锰化合物6mg／（kg·d），腹腔注射染毒一个月后断头处死，取血清，以等离子发射光谱仪（JY-ultima ICP-AES）检测各组血清中锌、铁、锰、镁、钙、铜含量和铜／锌值。[结果]不同价态锰对大鼠血清元素的影响：4月龄组与对照组相比，Mn^2＋组的血清锰、锌、铜含量和铜／锌值差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；Mn^3＋染毒组血清锰、镁、钙、铜含量和铜／锌值差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），两染毒组之间比较仅钙含量差异有统计学意义。对18月龄大鼠，与对照组相比，Mn^2＋组血清锰、锌、钙、铜含量和铜／锌值差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；Mn^3＋组血清锌、镁、钙、和铜／锌值差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），两染毒组之间比较，锰、钙含量之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。不同月龄大鼠之间比较：在Mn^2＋组，18月龄大鼠与4月龄大鼠相比，血清铜差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；在Mn^3＋组，与4月龄大鼠相比：18月龄大鼠血清镁、钙差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。[结论]Mn^2＋、Mn^3＋染毒对大鼠血清中的多种微量金属元素造成影响是不相同的，但有明显差异的仅表现为钙水平的改变，二种价态锰对同一月龄大鼠血清元素的影响有限。不同月龄犬鼠比较，Mn^2＋对血清铜有影响，Mn^3＋对钙、镁有影响。     

微量元素铜锌钙镁铁检测及临床营养学意义分析

目的：通过对微量元素铜锌钙镁铁的检测并分析临床营养学意义，旨在为改善微量元素平衡降低疾病发生提供理论依据。方法：选择2013年1月-2014年1月在我院接受治疗的因微量元素铜锌钙镁铁导致营养不良的患者260例作为研究组，在选择同期接受检查的正常患者260例作为对照组，应用原子吸收光谱仪对各微量元素进行检测，分析铜锌钙镁铁等微量元素对临床营养学的意义。结果：研究组患者铜锌钙镁铁含量分别为8．44Ug／L、85．10Ug／L、301．92Ug／L、8．03Ug／L、26．11Ug／L，显著低于对照组，且P〈O．05差异有统计学意义。结论：缺乏微量元素铜锌钙镁铁导致患者出现贫血、生长发育迟缓、智力障碍等，因此对于微量元素的早期检测时有效预防疾病提高患者生活质量的重要依据。     

槐花蜜 枣花蜜 荆条蜜中8种元素的测定与研究

采用原子吸收光谱仪 ,对槐花蜜、枣花蜜、荆条蜜 3种蜂蜜中的铁、锌、钙、钾、镁、钠、铜、锰 8种元素的含量进行了测定 ,结果表明 ,不同种类的蜂蜜所含的微量元素也有差别 ,蜂蜜中含有一定的铁、钙、钾、钠元素 ,锌、镁、铜等元素的含量很低 ,锰元素在 3种蜂蜜中均未检出。     

模拟曲线原子吸收光谱法测定人胆结石中13种微量金属元素的研究

近年来胆石症患者普遍增多，对于胆结石中微量金属元素的测定已有了不少报道。本研究采用微量注射进样模拟曲线原子吸收光谱法测定胆结石中铜、锌、铁、锰、钙、镁、铅、镍、钴、铬、镉、锶、铝等13种元素的含量，并对匹配基本溶液模拟曲线的测定条件进行了探讨。方法回收率为95％－103．5％，相对标准偏差小于5％，测定结果满意。1仪器与试剂1．1日立180-80型原子吸收分光光度计1．2可调微量进样器1．3铜、铁、锌、锰、钙、镁、铅、镍、钴、铬、镉、锶、铝的空心阴极灯。1．450％甘油1·5硝酸1．6标准溶液；准确称取铜、铁、锌、锰、钙、镁…     

精神分裂症患者头发微量元素测定分析

用原子吸收光谱法，对６０例精神分裂症患者与５８名正常人头发中铜、锌、铁、锰等微量元素及钙、镁含量进行了测定。结果表明：患者头发中６种元素含量均明显低于正常人，差别有高度显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

学龄前儿童膳食营养素摄入与头发微量元素的相关性分析

目的 研究南宁市3~6岁学龄前儿童膳食营养素摄入对头发部分微量元素含量的影响,为今后评估幼儿营养状况及指导学龄前儿童合理膳食提供依据。 方法 于2016年12月对南宁市3所幼儿园201名3~6岁学龄前儿童进行营养调查,并测定幼儿头发中铜、锌、铁、钙、镁的含量。 结果 201名学龄前儿童头发中铜、铁、钙、镁和锌含量分别为(19.48±7.80)μg/g、(28.04±15.36)μg/g、(419.18±175.48)μg/g、(33.48±18.52)μg/g和(151.12±57.10)μg/g,不同性别学龄前儿童头发中铜、锌、铁、钙和镁含量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年龄学龄前儿童头发中铜含量存在差异(P<0.05)。膳食中的蛋白质、碳水化合物、硫胺素、尼克酸、维生素E、磷、镁、铁、锌、锰与发铜含量呈正相关(P<0.05),胡萝卜素、锰与发镁含量呈正相关,脂肪与发镁含量呈负相关(P<0.05),能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物、胡萝卜素、尼克酸、维生素E、镁、铁、锌、锰与发锌呈正相关(P<0.05),脂肪、维生素C与发钙含量呈负相关(P<0.05)。 结论 膳食摄入的营养成分与3~6岁学龄前儿童头发中的微量元素存在一定相关性,头发中微量元素铜和锌易受多种膳食营养成分的影响。     

电焊作业对工人血液中必需元素的影响

目的:探讨电焊作业对工人血液中必需元素的影响。方法:以某金属结构厂82名电焊作业工人为接触组,另以不接触毒物的61名非电焊工人为对照组,血锰含量测定采用石墨炉原子吸收法,血中铜、铁、锌、镁、钙含量则采用火焰原子吸收法测定。同时对电焊作业环境空气中的锰浓度、对照组作业场所空气中锰浓度进行采样测定。结果:血锰,接触组为42173±21163μg/L,明显高于对照组(29197±17162μg/L,P<0101);血锌,接触组和对照组分别为9102±3147mg/L和12172±3189mg/L,两者差异有显著性(P<0105);血镁,接触组和对照组分别为47199±9186mg/L和35182±15108mg/L,两者差异有显著性(P<0105);两组间血铜、血铁和血钙含量差异均无显著性(P>0105)。结论:电焊作业可能导致工人血锰含量增加,同时还可引起血锌含量下降,血镁含量升高。     

Determination of elements hazardous to health in vegetables grown in the Siedlece district

In the years 1986-1987 the content of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel, lead and cadmium was determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry method in vegetables grown by gardeners in Wegrów, Soko?ów Podlaski and Siedlce. These elements were measured in cabbages, tomatoes, carrots, parsley, celery (root and leaves), red beet and potatoes. The content of lead in these vegetables was from 0.0 to 0.596 mg/kg, and that of cadmium was from 0.002 to 0.184 mg/kg (fresh mass). The level of cadmium in many samples of vegetables exceeded to limit permitted by the Polish Ministry of Health. Lead level in a sample of parsley leaves was two times above the permitted value.     

哺乳期农村乳母乳汁无机元素含量的变化

目的了解哺乳期人乳无机元素含量的变化及其与乳母膳食的关联。方法采用横断面调查方法,收集55名陕西省澄城县农村健康乳母清晨乳样,利用原子吸收分光光度法测定乳汁钙、镁、铁、锰、锌和铜的浓度。采用24小时回顾法进行连续3天膳食调查,计算膳食营养素的摄入量。结果农村乳母乳汁中镁、锌、铜浓度随哺乳期延长明显降低,铁浓度随哺乳期延长而上升。乳母膳食钙摄入量约为钙膳食参考摄入量(DRI)1/3,膳食无机元素的摄入量与人乳相应元素之间无明显相关性。多因素分析表明,乳汁中钙与镁、铁与铜、锰与锌均呈正相关,钙分别与乳脂、铁、锌呈负相关。结论随哺乳期时间延长,成熟乳中镁、锌、铜浓度降低而铁浓度增加,乳母膳食钙的摄入严重不足,乳汁各元素与膳食相应元素之间无关联。     

韭菜35种元素分析结果

笔者分析各种食物数百种，计划在《世界元素医学》的食物中药栏目中陆续奉献给广大读者，每期1-2篇。韭之为菜，可生可熟，可菹可久，乃菜中最有益者。本文报告韭菜、韭菜花、韭菜籽的ICP检验35种元素结果。韭菜富含元素：磷、铬、铜、锂、钴、锰、钡、锶、钛、钒、锌、硼、钾、铁、镁、钙；韭菜花富含元素：磷、铜、锂、镍、锑、锌、锶、钴、钛、钡、锰、铈、镓、镧、铌、钪、钍、硼、钾、铁、镁、钙、铍；韭菜籽富含元素：磷、铜、锂、锰、钡、锶、钛、锌、锆、铈、硼、镁、钙。据此不难看出韭菜具有：主归心，安五脏六腑，除胃中热，利病人，可久食的道理。     

Mineral content of market samples of fluid whole milk

Results from the Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study on the nutrient element content of fluid whole cow's milk are presented and compared with previously published values. Whole milk was collected and analyzed yearly from 1975 through 1985. Yearly and overall means were similar for all elements except iron and iodine. The iron content of milk was generally low, but several samples had high levels. The distribution of iodine in whole milk was quite wide (0.002 to 0.094 mg/100 gm). The iodine content of milk is affected by the level of iodine added to cattle feed and by the use of iodophor sanitizing solutions used by the dairy industry. Overall mean levels of the elements in milligrams per 100 gm whole milk were: sodium, 42; potassium, 134; calcium, 106; phosphorus, 83; magnesium, 9.8; iron, 0.07; zinc, 0.37; copper, 0.009; manganese, 0.004; iodine, 0.034; and selenium, 0.001. Coefficients of variation were high (67% to 117%) for iron, copper, manganese, selenium, and iodine but ranged from 18% to 26% for the other elements. An 8-fl oz serving of whole milk is an excellent source of iodine, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium. It also provides some sodium, magnesium, zinc, and selenium but is not a reliable source of iron, copper, or manganese.     

轮状病毒肠炎患儿血清微量元素变化及与病情的关系研究

目的:了解轮状病毒肠炎患儿锌、铁、铜、钙、镁、锰、铅等微量元素状况。方法:随机选取173名轮状病毒肠炎患儿纳入研究,同时选择同期保健门诊健康儿童作为正常对照组,分别测定研究对象血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁、锰、铅等的水平。结果:轮状病毒肠炎组患儿血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁以及锰的水平显著低于正常对照组患儿(P<0.05),但是血清铅水平则无明显组间差异(P>0.05)。轮状病毒肠炎患儿血清锌、铁以及钙的水平与Vesikari病情评分呈显著负相关(P<0.05),而铜、镁、锰和铅水平则与病情评分无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论:轮状病毒肠炎患儿可能存在常见微量元素代谢的改变,临床工作中需要对该类患儿进行微量元素监测。     

Effect of glucocorticoids and calcium intake on bone density and bone, liver and plasma minerals in guinea pigs.

The purpose of this study was to see what effect glucocorticoids would have on bone density and mineral distribution in guinea pigs. Adult female guinea pigs were given prednisolone, a synthetic analogue of cortisol, for up to 24 weeks. Bone density and bone, liver and plasma levels of zinc, copper, iron, manganese, chromium, magnesium and calcium were studied in these animals. In one study, the effect of menopause was simulated by using ovariectomy. In another study, dietary calcium was varied to investigate its effect with glucocorticoids. Animals treated with 1 mg prednisolone/kg body weight showed increased femur density compared with controls, but no changes in tissue mineral concentrations. Animals fed 100 mg prednisolone/kg body weight experienced decreased femur density. Differences in effects were not observed between ovariectomized and intact animals. Bone loss was greatest in animals fed the cereal-based closed-formula diet and least in animals fed the low-calcium diet. Changes in mineral content of femurs observed in animals which lost bone mass were increased iron concentration and decreased magnesium concentration. Total liver stores of zinc and magnesium increased. Liver copper increased in concentration per gram as well as in total content. Liver concentration of manganese decreased. Plasma changes in animals fed the high level of drug were decreased iron and calcium, and increased copper. Hemoglobin and hematocrit increased with increasing drug levels. It is suggested that glucocorticoids have marked effects on mineral metabolism which may be related to the bone loss and that these effects may be modified by dietary changes.     

大学生必需元素摄入水平研究

为准确了解大学生必需元素的摄入量．本文用ICP－AES法测定了40名大学生Zn．Cu．Fe．Mn，Mg，Ca的日摄入量，男生分别为29.23mg、1．06mg、34．79mg、6.51mg、247．79mg、547.27mg，女生分别为18．26mg、0.69mg、26．60mg、4.12mg，177.05mg、450．05mg,各元素摄入量之间均存在相关关系。各种元素在男女生头发中的含量均在正常范围，Cu、Mn、Mg摄入量与头发含量存在负相关。根据食物成分表计算的各种元素摄入量，与实测值不尽一致。     

Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, copper, and manganese balance in adolescent females

Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, copper, and manganese balances were determined in 14 girls (12.5 to 14.5 years of age) during a 30-day period. Menus were composed of ordinary foods and were typical of subjects' usual dietary habits. The diets contained 1.07 g calcium, 193 mg magnesium, 0.85 g phosphorus, 2.8 mg copper, 3.0 mg manganese, and 7.4 or 13.4 mg zinc daily. Defatted soy was substituted for 0, 15, or 30% of the meat in lunch menus. Neither the alteration of dietary zinc levels or the partial substitution of soy for meat significantly affected retention of the five minerals. Retentions of calcium (r = 0.654), magnesium (r = 0.786), phosphorus (r = 0.560), copper (r - 0.805), and manganese (r = 0.855) by subjects were all significantly (P less than 0.001) correlated to retention of zinc. These correlations probably reflect the correlations between fecal losses of calcium (r = 0.438), magnesium (r = 0.434), phosphorus (r = 0.377), copper (r = 0.318), and manganese (r = 0.318) and the volume of feces. On these dietary regimes adolescents were in positive balances for calcium, phosphorus, and copper, but were in negative balances for magnesium and managenese.