干扰β-catenin表达对淋巴瘤细胞增殖、凋亡及cleaved caspase 3蛋白表达水平的影响

目的探讨干扰β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)表达对淋巴瘤细胞增殖、凋亡及活化的含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3(cleaved caspase 3)表达水平的影响。方法以淋巴瘤细胞Raji为研究对象,采用β-catenin小干扰RNA(siRNA)转染细胞作为β-catenin siRNA组,以阴性对照control siRNA转染细胞作为siRNA control组,以不转染的细胞作为对照组。分别采用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测β-catenin mRNA和β-catenin蛋白表达水平,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,Western blot检测cleaved caspase 3、c-myc、细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)的表达水平。结果 siRNA control组和对照组的β-catenin mRNA和β-catenin蛋白表达水平、细胞存活率、细胞凋亡率及cleaved caspase 3、c-myc、cyclin D1蛋白表达水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。β-catenin siRNA组的β-catenin mRNA和β-catenin蛋白表达水平、细胞存活率及c-myc、cyclin D1蛋白表达水平均低于对照组,细胞凋亡率和cleaved caspase 3蛋白表达水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论干扰β-catenin的表达可能通过影响cyclin D1、c-myc、cleaved caspase 3蛋白的表达,抑制淋巴瘤细胞增殖,促进淋巴瘤细胞凋亡。     

miRNA-143对宫颈癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响及机制研究

目的 探讨miRNA-143对宫颈癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响及机制.方法 实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测宫颈癌组织、癌旁组织及宫颈癌C-33A、HeLa、CaSki细胞中miRNA-143的表达水平.将miR-NA-143 mimics、miRNA-143 inhibitor及HIF-1α-siRNA转染至HeLa细胞中,未转染的作为对照组.Western blot检测转染48 h后miRNA-143 mimics组、miRNA-143 inhibitor组和对照组的HIF-1α蛋白表达水平.将miRNA-NC+miRNA-143 mimics、Wt-HIF-1α+miRNA-143 mimics、Mut-HIF-1α+miRNA-143 mimics转染HeLa细胞,检测荧光素酶活性;后续实验分为对照组、miRNA-143 mimics组及HIF-1α-siRNA组,各组细胞转染48 h后,CCK8试验检测细胞增殖,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,Western blot检测Ki-67、cleaved caspase 3、β-catenin、cyclin D1蛋白表达水平.结果 宫颈癌组织中miRNA-143的表达水平明显低于癌旁组织(P<0.01),人宫颈癌CaSki细胞中的miR-NA-143表达水平高于人宫颈癌HeLa细胞和C-33A细胞(P<0.05).miRNA-143 mimics组的HIF-1α蛋白表达水平低于对照组,miRNA-143 inhibitor组的HIF-1α蛋白表达水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).Wt-HIF-1α+miRNA-143 mimics组的荧光素酶活性低于miRNA-NC+miRNA-143 mimics组和Mut-HIF-1α+miRNA-143 mimics组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而Mut-HIF-1α+miRNA-143 mimics组与miRNA-NC+miRNA-143 mim-ics组的荧光素酶活性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).miRNA-143 mimics和HIF-1α-siRNA组的细胞存活率及Ki-67、β-catenin、cyclin D1蛋白表达水平均低于对照组,细胞凋亡率及cleaved caspase 3蛋白表达水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 miRNA-143在宫颈癌中低表达,miRNA-143可通过下调HIF-1α的表达及抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,抑制人宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖并促进其凋亡.     

NOB1对宫颈癌细胞糖酵解及凋亡影响的实验研究

目的 探讨NOB1对宫颈癌细胞凋亡和糖酵解的影响.方法 宫颈癌细胞HeLa转染NOB1 siRNA、siRNA control后命名为NOB1 siRNA组、siRNA control组,以未转染的细胞为对照组.RT-PCR和Western blot法检测转染效果,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况,试剂盒检测己糖激酶Ⅱ(HK-Ⅱ)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,West-ern blot法检测β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)和c-myc蛋白表达情况.结果 siRNA control组细胞中NOB1 mRNA和蛋白水平与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);NOB1 siRNA组细胞中NOB1 mRNA和蛋白水平均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).NOB1 siRNA组细胞与对照组比较,凋亡率升高,HK-Ⅱ、LDH、β-catenin、c-myc水平均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).siRNA control组细胞凋亡率、HK-Ⅱ、LDH、β-catenin、c-myc水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).结论 宫颈癌细胞中下调NOB1表达后,细胞凋亡增加,细胞糖酵解水平下降,这可能由于NOB1对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路具有调控作用.     

沉默survivin表达对甲状腺癌细胞凋亡的影响及其机制研究

目的探讨沉默survivin表达对甲状腺癌细胞凋亡的影响及其可能的作用机制。方法采用免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测存活蛋白(survivin)在甲状腺癌组织(n=98)、癌旁组织(n=98)及细胞SW579中的表达;将survivin siRNA和non-target siRNA转染SW579细胞,分别设为干扰组和阴性组,以不做任何处理的细胞作为对照组。转染48 h后,Western blot检测survivin、cleaved caspase 3和Bcl-2蛋白的表达,流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡率。结果甲状腺癌组织和细胞中survivin蛋白相对表达量均明显高于癌旁组织和正常甲状腺细胞,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。对照组与阴性组细胞中survivin相对表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);干扰组细胞中survivin相对表达量明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。对照组与阴性组细胞凋亡率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);干扰组细胞凋亡率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。干扰组细胞中cleaved caspase 3蛋白相对表达量明显高于对照组,Bcl-2蛋白相对表达量明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01);阴性组和对照组cleaved caspase 3和Bcl-2蛋白相对表达量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论 survivin在甲状腺癌组织和细胞中呈高表达,沉默其表达可诱导甲状腺癌细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与上调cleaved caspase 3和下调Bcl-2蛋白的表达有关。     

miRNA-34a过表达对4种人宫颈癌细胞放射敏感性研究

目的 研究miRNA-34a过表达对4种人宫颈癌细胞放射敏感性的影响。方法 运用脂质体2000转染试剂盒将pGenesil-1-miRNA-34a表达质粒转染宫颈癌细胞系C33A、HeLa、SiHa和CaSki,通过G418筛选构建过表达miRNA-34a宫颈癌细胞系(miRNA-34a/C33A、miRNA-34a/HeLa、miRNA-34a/SiHa和miRNA-34a/CaSki)。细胞经不同剂量⁶⁰Coγ射线照射;运用TaqManRT-PCR和蛋白印迹法测定细胞中miRNA-34a表达;运用MTT法和克隆形成实验分别测定细胞增殖抑制率和克隆形成能力,流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡率和蛋白印迹法测定细胞凋亡相关蛋白表达变化。结果 宫颈癌细胞系中miRNA-34a表达量显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),过表达miRNA-34a宫颈癌细胞增殖抑制率显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),细胞克隆形成率显著低于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。流式细胞仪结果显示过表达miRNA-34a宫颈癌细胞凋亡率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。蛋白印迹法结果显示4 Gy+过表达miRNA-34a细胞中cleaved caspase 9和cleaved PARP蛋白表达量高于过表达miRNA-34a细胞。结论 本研究成功构建miRNA-34a过表达宫颈癌细胞系,miRNA-34a过表达增强宫颈癌细胞放射敏感性,其机制与激活细胞凋亡通路有关。     

人参皂苷Rg3调控WNT/β-catenin信号通路抑制结肠癌细胞生长的实验研究

目的探讨人参皂苷Rg3通过影响WNT/β-catenin信号通路中关键蛋白β-catenin从而阻断结肠癌细胞生长机制的研究。方法 MTT法检测不同浓度人参皂苷Rg3对人结肠癌细胞系SW480、HCT116细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞仪检测不同浓度人参皂苷Rg3对SW480、HCT116细胞凋亡及磷酸化β-catenin的影响;RT-PCR和Western blot法检测HCT116细胞中β-catenin及c-myc的表达。结果人参皂苷Rg3具有抑制SW480、HCT116细胞增殖和促进凋亡的能力。一定浓度人参皂苷Rg3能够降低β-catenin蛋白的磷酸化程度,下调β-catenin mRNA的表达,下调β-cetanin和c-myc蛋白的表达。结论人参皂苷Rg3具有一定的抗肿瘤活性,可有效抑制HCT116和SW480细胞生长,且这种作用可能是通过下调β-catenin磷酸化来实现的。     

lncRNA BCAR4通过调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对胃癌发生发展的影响

目的:探讨lncRNA BCAR4通过调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控胃癌细胞的增殖和凋亡。方法:通过实时定量PCR法检测lncRNA BCAR4在胃癌组织和胃癌细胞中的表达;免疫组化方法分析胃组织中c-myc和cyclin D1蛋白的表达;通过MTT、克隆形成和流式细胞术分别检测lncRNA BCAR4对胃癌细胞SGC7901增殖和凋亡的影响,并通过Western blot法检测lncRNA BCAR4敲除前后对SGC7901细胞中c-myc、cyclin D1蛋白以及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的影响。结果:相比于癌旁组织以及胃黏膜上皮细胞,lncRNA BCAR4在人胃癌组织和胃癌细胞中表达显著升高（P＜0.01）;同时,c-myc和cyclin D1蛋白的表达在胃癌组织和胃癌细胞中也有所增加,尤其在SGC7901胃癌细胞中上调最为显著（P＜0.01）; lncRNA BCAR4敲除能够显著降低细胞活力,促进细胞凋亡（P＜0.01）。lncRNA BCAR4敲除能够显著抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的活化（P＜0.01）,进而降低其下游增殖相关蛋白c-myc和cyclin D1的表达（P＜0.01）。结论:降低lncRNA BCAR4能够通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的活化,从而降低下游c-myc和cyclin D1蛋白表达,导致胃癌细胞的增殖抑制,促进细胞凋亡。     

Gab2基因在肺癌细胞表达及对癌细胞凋亡及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的影响

摘 要：［目的］ 探讨Gab2结合蛋白2（Gab2）基因在肺癌细胞表达及对癌细胞凋亡及Wnt信号/β-连环蛋白（β-catenin）信号通路的影响。［方法］ 以人胚肺成纤维细胞MRC5作为对照细胞,通过Western bloting检测肺癌H322、A549、PC9、H1299、SPC-A-1细胞中Gab2的蛋白表达;转染48h后Western bloting检测Gab2、Cleaved Caspase-3、B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2（Bcl-2）、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)、细胞周期素D1（cyclin D1）、c-myc蛋白表达;流式细胞术检测各组细胞的凋亡情况。［结果］ 与MRC5细胞比较,Gab2在肺癌细胞中的表达显著性升高（P<0.05）。与对照组比较,Gab2-siRNA组Gab2 的蛋白表达降低,细胞凋亡率升高,Cleaved caspase3和Bax蛋白上调表达,Bcl-2、β-catenin、cyclin D1、c-myc蛋白表下调表达,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。［结论］ 抑制肺癌细胞Gab2表达能诱导细胞凋亡,机制是下调Wnt/β-catenin信号通路。     

Galectin-3调控Wnt信号通路对脑胶质瘤细胞凋亡的影响

目的:半乳糖凝集素-3（Galectin-3）调控Wnt信号通路对人脑胶质瘤细胞凋亡的影响。方法:RT-PCR及Western blot检测人脑胶质瘤组织中Galectin-3的mRNA和蛋白表达;Western blot检测人脑胶质瘤U251、U87、SHG-44细胞中Galectin-3的蛋白表达;将Galectin-3的特异性siRNA(Galectin-siRNA)转染人脑胶质瘤U87细胞,Western blot、流式细胞术分别检测转染48 h后Galectin-3、Wnt5a、β-catenin和Cleaved caspase3蛋白表达及细胞凋亡率。结果:Galectin-3在人脑胶质瘤组织mRNA和蛋白表达均显著高于瘤旁组织（P＜0.01）;U251、U87、SHG-44细胞中Galectin-3蛋白表达从高到低为U87>U251>SHG-44,选择U87细胞作为后续研究;Galectin-3-siRNA1的Galectin-3蛋白表达最低,选择作为后续研究;NC-siRNA组细胞凋亡率、Cleaved caspase3、Wnt5a、β-catenin蛋白表达与对照组差异不显著（P＞0.05）,与对照组比较,Galectin-3-siRNA组细胞凋亡率明显升高,Cleaved caspase3蛋白表达明显升高,Wnt5a和β-catenin蛋白表达明显降低（P＜0.01）。结论:沉默Galectin-3表达可诱导人脑胶质瘤细胞凋亡,机制可能与Wnt信号通路的下调有关。     

鞘磷脂合成酶2通过Wnt/β-catenin通路调控卵巢癌TOV-21G细胞的恶性生物学行为

目的：探讨鞘磷脂合成酶2(SMS2)是否通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控卵巢癌（OC）TOV-21G细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭、凋亡及其机制。方法：收集武汉市第三医院2022年7月至2023年5月间确诊的21例OC患者的癌及癌旁组织标本,免疫组化法检测OC组织SMS2表达水平。体外培养TOV-21G细胞,将细胞分为对照组、shRNA慢病毒阴性对照组（sh-NC组）、SMS2 shRNA慢病毒组（sh-SMS2组）、Wnt/β-catenin通路激活剂组LiCl(LiCl组)和sh-SMS2+LiCl组。Edu染色法、Transwell法、流式细胞术分别检测各组细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力及凋亡水平,WB法检测细胞中SMS2、Ki67、cyclin D1、BAX、c-caspase3、Bcl-2及Wnt/β-catenin通路蛋白（β-catenin、c-Myc、MMP-9）的表达。构建TOV-21G细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察敲低SMS2对移植瘤生长和SMS2、β-catenin表达的影响。结果：与癌旁组织比较,OC组织中SMS2呈高表达（P<0.01）。转染sh-SMS2后,TO...     

Cytologic classification of precancer and cancer of the endometrium and esophagus and of malignant lymphomas

The paper discusses cytological classifications of precancer and cancer of the endometrium, esophagus and malignant lymphomas presented by cytologists from five Soviet research institutes of oncology. The classifications were based on the data of 4400 cases in conformity with WHO histologic classifications.     

E-钙粘蛋白及PTEN基因编码蛋白与胃癌浸润转移

目的:观察抑癌基因PTEN蛋白和ECD在胃癌组织中的表达,探讨其与胃癌生物学行为及预后的关系。方法:以兔抗人PTEN多克隆抗体、鼠抗人ECD单克隆抗体,采用SABC免疫组化法,检测100例胃癌手术切除标本中拟测指标的表达。以χ2和Logrank检验对结果做统计学分析。结果:ECD、PTEN蛋白在非癌胃粘膜中均见表达;在胃癌组织中表达下调或缺失。ECD异常表达率为42.0%;弥漫型胃癌异常表达率(48.57%),明显高于肠型胃癌(26.67%),(P<0.05);ECD异常表达与浸润深度有关(P<0.05)。胃癌组织中PTEN蛋白缺失率为59%;弥漫型胃癌缺失率(65.71%)明显高于肠型胃癌(43.33%),(P<0.05);伴淋巴结转移的胃癌缺失率(64.47%)明显高于无淋巴结转移者(41.67%),(P<0.05);PTEN蛋白缺失的患者比阳性表达者预后差(P=0.0066)。65.85%PTEN阳性表达者同时伴ECD正常表达。结论:两种标志物与胃癌浸润转移有关,PTEN表达与胃癌患者预后密切相关。将两种指标联合检测,可作为正确判断胃癌患者预后,指导临床治疗的分子生物学指标。     

Schwannomas of Head and Neck and Review of Literature

Benign nerve cell tumours have been given various names like schwannoma, neurilemmoma, neurinoma, neurofibroma, spindle cell tumours etc. Extra cranial head and neck schwannomas usually present as solitary and well-demarcated lesions. The lesion can cause secondary symptoms, such as nasal obstruction, dysphasia, and hoarseness, depending upon the location of the lesion. Fine needle aspiration cytology, CT scans, and MRI may be of limited help in the diagnosis of schwannomas. The treatment is complete surgical excision of the benign tumour and postoperative histopathological examination establishes the final diagnosis.     

世界卫生组织骨质疏松症防治工作报告和防治建议

引 言 作为对第51号综合处理非传染性疾病预防与控制的世界卫生组织决议的反应,1998年7月WHO成立了致力于不断完善对骨质疏松预防和治疗策略的工作小组。小组成员来自世界各国致力于骨质疏松研究的知名专家。Harry K.Genant为本届主席。这一项世界范围内的骨质疏松教育计划旨在通过世界范围的研究,不断改善对骨质疏松的诊断水平和发展并完善对骨质疏松病人的合理治疗。其重点将以发展中国家为主。并为各国政府及其卫生部门和病人群体提供世界性有关骨质疏松症的总体的、完整的指导性资料。该项研究、教育计划的实施将由世界各国的骨质疏松症研究和治疗机构共同完成,并经权威学术机构、政府和非政府组织进行有针对性的回顾研究,最终由WHO审议通过。     

A comparative study of knowledge and awareness of colorectal and breast cancerA comparative study of knowledge and awareness of colorectal and breast cancer

Aims: To assess and compare knowledge and awareness of colorectal cancer and breast cancer in a sample of the general population. Methods: Eleven hundred visitors to six different outpatient clinics, in a University Hospital, were given a study-specific questionnaire, based on educational material from the British Association of Cancer United Patients (CancerBACUP). The questionnaire consisted of 12 statements on the incidence, presentation, detection, treatment and prognosis of colorectal and breast cancer. Results: One thousand and sixty-eight individuals returned the questionnaire. One thousand and four completed questionnaires were analysed. The mean age (SD) of respondents was 50.1 (17.2) years, and the male to female ratio was 2:3. Respondents had read more about breast than about colorectal cancer (60.3%vs 32.4%,P <0.0001, McNemar's test). The proportion of correct answers for each statement on breast cancer was higher than for answers to corresponding items on colorectal cancer. Mean overall scores (95% CI) for breast and colorectal cancer were 88.1 (86.9, 89.2) and 64.4 (62.5, 66.3) respectively, the mean difference (95% CI) being 23.7 (22.0, 25.5). Scores were higher for breast cancer irrespective of age or gender. Conclusion: There is a low level of understanding of colorectal cancer in the general population when compared to breast cancer. This highlights the importance of public education in this common cancer.     

Anastrozole and letrozole: an investigation and comparison of quality of life and tolerability

Previous studies have demonstrated that both anastrozole and letrozole are well tolerated. Letrozole suppresses estrogen to a greater degree than anastrozole in the serum and breast tumor. Concerns have been raised that greater potency may adversely affect patients?? quality of life (QOL). One hundred eighty-one postmenopausal women with invasive estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers were randomized to receive either 12 weeks of letrozole followed by 12 weeks of anastrozole or the reverse sequence. One hundred and six received immediate adjuvant aromatase inhibitors (AIs) following surgery, and 75 received extended adjuvant therapy. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Endocrine Subscale (FACT-B-ES) QOL questionnaires were completed to assess QOL on each drug. Additional side-effect profiles were collected. Each patient completed a patient preference form. Twenty-one patients withdrew before study end, 10/179 (5.6%) while taking letrozole and 4/173 (2.3%) while taking anastrozole (P = 0.12). Tamoxifen-naïve patients had a higher mean ES (endocrine symptoms subscale) score at entry versus those having extended therapy (66.0 vs. 61.9; P = 0.001). There was no significant change in FACT-B-ES (overall) scores or ES scores while patients were taking anastrozole or letrozole and no significant differences between drugs. Nearly 80% of patients reported one or more side effects with either agent. No differences in frequency, grade, or range of side effects were seen between drugs. Of 160 patients, 49 (30.6%) preferred letrozole, 57 (35.6%) preferred anastrozole, and 54 (33.8%) had no preference (P = 0.26, Pearson??s Chi-squared test). In conclusion, both AIs are equally well tolerated. There were no significant differences in QOL scores between the two drugs.     

Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and incidence of colon and rectal cancers

BACKGROUND: Frequent consumption of fruit and vegetables has been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in many observational studies. METHODS: We prospectively investigated the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and the incidence of colon and rectal cancers in two large cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (88 764 women) and the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study (47 325 men). Diet was assessed and cumulatively updated in 1980, 1984, 1986, and 1990 among women and in 1986 and 1990 among men. The incidence of cancer of the colon and rectum was ascertained up to June or January of 1996, respectively. Relative risk (RR) estimates were calculated with the use of pooled logistic regression models accounting for various potential confounders. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: With a follow-up including 1 743 645 person-years and 937 cases of colon cancer, we found little association of colon cancer incidence with fruit and vegetable consumption. For women and men combined, a difference in fruit and vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with a covariate-adjusted RR of 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98-1.05). A difference in vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with an RR of 1.03 (95% CI = 0.97-1.09). Similar results were obtained for women and men considered separately. A difference in fruit consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with a covariate-adjusted RR for colon cancer of 0.96 (95% CI = 0.89-1.03) among women and 1. 08 (95% CI = 1.00-1.16) among men. For rectal cancer (total, 244 cases), a difference in fruit and vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with an RR of 1.02 (95% CI = 0.95-1.09) in men and women combined. None of these associations was modified by vitamin supplement use or smoking habits. CONCLUSIONS: Although fruits and vegetables may confer protection against some chronic diseases, their frequent consumption does not appear to confer protection from colon or rectal cancer.