《中国肿瘤临床》文章推荐:2020年度国家自然科学基金临床肿瘤学科申请与资助项目分析和思考

随着基于四类科学问题属性的分类评审的实施,国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部临床肿瘤学科申请与资助项目也呈现出新的特点与趋势。为此,2021年第2期《中国肿瘤临床》邀请了国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部吕群燕主任撰写了《2020年度国家自然科学基金临床肿瘤学科申请与资助项目分析和思考》一文。     

2021年度国家自然科学基金肿瘤Ⅰ学科面上类项目分析

2021年国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部肿瘤学科采用了以科学问题为引导的新申请代码体系,申请与资助项目也呈现出新的特点与趋势。本文介绍了2021年度国家自然科学基金肿瘤Ⅰ学科面上类项目（包括面上项目、青年科学基金项目、地区科学基金项目）的申请与资助情况,并根据新申请代码体系、肿瘤发生部位、研究热点等方面,对2021年度肿瘤Ⅰ学科申请与资助的项目进行深入分析。      

2019年度国家自然科学基金临床肿瘤研究方向分析及思考

随着细胞生物学等学科的不断发展和深入,肿瘤学基础研究取得了一定进展,肿瘤学科申请项目数量及质量也逐渐提高。本文总结2019年度国家自然科学基金临床肿瘤学科面上项目、青年科学基金项目以及地区科学基金项目的申请与资助情况,并从不同角度深入分析面上项目的研究方向,针对临床肿瘤中非编码RNA、肿瘤免疫治疗、肿瘤微环境、肿瘤代谢等代表性研究方向,以及淋巴管新生、细胞焦亡及铁死亡、溶酶体及线粒体等研究前沿进行综述。     

国家自然科学基金2010～2018年度医学科学部肿瘤学项目资助情况分析

摘 要：［目的］ 对国家自然科学基金医学科学部成立以来肿瘤学（代码为H16）项目的资助情况进行分析。［方法］ 在国家自然科学基金管理信息系统检索2010～2018年申请代码为H16(肿瘤学)的项目信息,包括申请年份、资助类别、申请代码、依托单位、批准金额等信息,据此建立数据库进行分析。［结果］ 国家自然科学基金医学科学部成立以来,对肿瘤学相关基础研究的支持强度较高;肿瘤学相关项目的资助类别以面上项目、青年科学基金项目、地区科学基金项目为主。青年科学基金项目增长速度最快。［结论］ 医学科学部成立以来,肿瘤学基础研究在国家自然科学基金的资助下取得良好发展,但也存在缺少对预防和康复阶段的关注等问题。     

2006—2015年度国家自然科学基金“肿瘤放疗”领域项目资助情况及分析

目的 介绍2006—2015年度“肿瘤放疗”领域国家自然科学基金项目申请及资助情况。方法 在ISIS系统中通过学科代码(H1610)和“肿瘤放疗”关键词检索2006—2015年国家自然科学基金在“肿瘤放疗”领域的资助信息,分析项目的研究领域分布、申请人及依托单位的地域分布、单位性质等。结果 近10年肿瘤放疗领域资助项目共435项,资助金额1.8亿元,数量和金额均呈逐年递增趋势。面上、青年和地区基金占资助数量和强度比例最大,单项资助金额分别为53、22、40万。资助项目依托单位较为集中,申请量在前十名的单位获得资助项目数的53%。基础机制类研究占资助总数88%,涵盖放疗生物学效应、微环境、干细胞等肿瘤学前沿及热点,少数研究侧重于物理(12%)。资助项目数和经费前3位的肿瘤为肺癌、鼻咽癌和食管癌。结论 10年来肿瘤放疗领域项目资助数呈上升势头,资助金额稳步增加;研究队伍区域分布明显,东部地区研究实力突出;机制类研究中的放疗生物学效应相关研究最为普遍。     

中国抗癌协会太极抗癌科学基金医师进修介绍

中国抗癌协会太极抗癌科学基金于1998年11月28日在京宣告成立,旨在推动和促进我国抗癌事业发展。其主要任务为开展肿瘤学科科研协作及学术交流,促进肿瘤学科发展：培养肿瘤学科高素质人才,提高肿瘤诊、治、防、研水平：发掘中医药资源,研制防癌、抗癌新药：宣传肿瘤防、治知识,提高民众防癌意识。下面就抗肿瘤医师申请进修的相关规定介绍如下．     

中国肿瘤临床征稿启事

《中国肿瘤临床》是由中国科协主管、中国抗癌协会主办的肿瘤学半月刊,主编为我国著名肿瘤学专家郝希山院士。中国中文核心期刊、中国科技论文统计源期刊(中国科技核心期刊),2017年荣获"中国精品科技期刊"荣誉。2013、2015年分别获得中国科协精品期刊项目资助。创刊50余年来,以"引导创新、关注前沿、突出临床、讲求实用"为办刊宗旨,在传承优良学术传统的基础上不断创新与发展,已成为肿瘤学科学术交流的重要平台与国内肿瘤临床医师及科研人员获取前沿信息的重要来源。     

中国肿瘤临床征稿启事

《中国肿瘤临床》是由中国科协主管、中国抗癌协会主办的肿瘤学半月刊,主编为我国著名肿瘤学专家郝希山院士。中国中文核心期刊、中国科技论文统计源期刊(中国科技核心期刊),2017年荣获“中国精品科技期刊”荣誉。2013、2015年分别获得中国科协精品期刊项目资助。创刊50余年来,以“引导创新、关注前沿、突出临床、讲求实用”为办刊宗旨,在传承优良学术传统的基础上不断创新与发展,已成为肿瘤学科学术交流的重要平台与国内肿瘤临床医师及科研人员获取前沿信息的重要来源。     

中国肿瘤临床征稿启事

《中国肿瘤临床》是由中国科协主管、中国抗癌协会主办的肿瘤学半月刊,主编为我国著名肿瘤学专家郝希山院士。中国中文核心期刊、中国科技论文统计源期刊(中国科技核心期刊),2017年荣获“中国精品科技期刊”荣誉。2013、2015年分别获得中国科协精品期刊项目资助。创刊50余年来,以“引导创新、关注前沿、突出临床、讲求实用”为办刊宗旨,在传承优良学术传统的基础上不断创新与发展,已成为肿瘤学科学术交流的重要平台与国内肿瘤临床医师及科研人员获取前沿信息的重要来源。     

中国肿瘤临床征稿启事

《中国肿瘤临床》是由中国科协主管、中国抗癌协会主办的肿瘤学半月刊,主编为我国著名肿瘤学专家郝希山院士。中国中文核心期刊、中国科技论文统计源期刊(中国科技核心期刊),2017年荣获"中国精品科技期刊"荣誉。2013、2015年分别获得中国科协精品期刊项目资助。创刊50余年来,以"引导创新、关注前沿、突出临床、讲求实用"为办刊宗旨,在传承优良学术传统的基础上不断创新与发展,已成为肿瘤学科学术交流的重要平台与国内肿瘤临床医师及科研人员获取前沿信息的重要来源。     

A Scoping Review of Radiation Oncology Educational and Career-Planning Interventions in Undergraduate Medical Education

Radiation oncology (RO) teaching in undergraduate medical education (UME) is lacking worldwide with potentially detrimental effects on medical student career choices and patient care. The objective of this scoping review is to examine the extent of published literature describing RO educational and career-planning interventions in UME. Online databases were searched from respective dates of inception to June 2020 for articles that reported outcomes from RO educational and career-planning interventions in UME. Two independent reviewers screened entries for inclusion. Following full-text reviews, 25 articles were analyzed. Most interventions were a single session, involved clinical medical students, and were based in North America. Didactic teaching was most commonly used, though a majority included interactive learning in addition to or in place of didactic teaching. As expected, there was a heterogeneity of outcomes reported, and most studies collected data using surveys alone. Recurring topics included the multidisciplinary nature of oncology and psychosocial oncology. There was a paucity of studies reporting on formal mentorship programs and research programs. The data collated in this study can help develop new initiatives based on what has succeeded in the past. Areas that may benefit from future studies include mentorship programs, research programs, and interventions from outside North America.     

Concerning trends and outcomes for National Institutes of Health funding of cancer research

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) considers its principal mission for three modalities: (1) the integration of discovery activities with collaborations of interdisciplinary types; (2) the acceleration of innovations and provision of technology that will allow achievements of translational research; and (3) to move the aforementioned new discoveries via translational methods for application in clinics and public health programs. This article will focus on the contemporary trends for 2003-2004 and the NIH budget of 2005 to enumerate the progress in surgical funding by the NIH and NCI. Specifically, this presentation focuses on outcomes in departments of surgery nationally with correlates for non-surgical clinical sciences and their funding. While the NCI and NIH continue to undergo a comprehensive scrutiny of their resources in this budget-reduced environment related to the efforts to secure peace in Iraq, it is highly probable that our current mechanisms in place will not change without participation of surgical scientists in oncology in the award mechanisms. It should be highly encouraged that surgeon-scientists actively participate on Study Sections of the NIH-NCI to provide surgical investigators the opportunity to be competitive with non-surgeons when reviews of meritorious proposals are submitted by their surgical oncology peers.     

A study of the status of clinical cancer research in the United States (1990)

This study has confirmed a continuing decrease in the quality and quantity of young physicians entering academic careers in clinical oncology research, defined as cancer research requiring a clinician-patient interaction. Two major contributing factors were identified: the training programs and the research environment. The primary problems for the trainees were the financial insecurity of embarking on an academic career and the poor academic status of their role models in clinical cancer research. The problems regarding the environment of academic oncology and oncology research relate primarily to the strong and widespread perception that grant proposals for clinical oncology research are at a competitive disadvantage with proposals for cancer research in the laboratory. The study results yielded two basic recommendations. The first recommendation is to improve training for clinical cancer research and to implement unique funding mechanisms for trainees. Because physicians devote 3-10 years to clinical training, a minimum of 10 years of clinical research is needed for a clinician to compete effectively as a principal investigator in the R01 and P01 grant areas. The second recommendation is to develop peer review mechanisms that allow clinical research proposals to compete within a pool restricted to proposals in this category. The consensus in the study was that when programs in clinical research and laboratory research are in competition, the clinical proposals have a lower success rate. The problem appears to rest with the fact that the reviewers are frequently from disciplines other than clinical research and, more importantly, that clinical research proposals fare badly in competition against laboratory research proposals even when they are reviewed by appropriate peers. Implementation of this recommendation will require development of a clinical oncology research study section in the Division of Research Grants at the National Institutes of Health to review R01 grant proposals for innovative clinical cancer research, providing an academic environment that would enable the clinical investigator, through increased success in obtaining grants, to be a positive role model for the young physician/scientist.     

Graduate education and training in surgical oncology

Training programs in surgical oncology have been developed at a number of institutions in the United States, employing guidelines developed by the Society of Surgical Oncology. Eight training programs have been approved by the Society. The program at the UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School is described in detail with comments on its evolution and current methods of training. The extensive advanced training in cancer surgery is complemented by rotations in medical oncology, radiation oncology, surgical pathology, and by both laboratory and clinical research experience. In addition, a course in the basic science of oncology is given. Increasing numbers of surgeons-in-training are applying to such programs. A list of selected publications in surgical oncology is provided.     

心理社会肿瘤学在中国的发展现状——机会与挑战

Objective: In China over the past decade, psychosocial oncology has emerged as a new program. Development of this program requires attention to current opportunities, obstacles and cultural concerns. Methods: A selected literature review of academic papers in Chinese and English language journals and web sites was analyzed for themes regarding the current status, challenges, and opportunities for psychosocial oncology in China. Results: China's national cancer strategy (2004-2010), based on WHO guidelines, is focused on cancer prevention and treatment, as well as quality of life among cancer patients and their families. The Chinese Anti-Cancer Association is now funding research, training and international collaboration in psychosocial oncology. The newly organized Chinese Psychosocial Oncology Society, founded in 2006, aims to provide a national forum for psychosocial oncology research. Cultural and systemic challenges to establishing psychosocial oncology as a core discipline in China include: (1) the family's desire to 'protect' cancer patients by with-holding cancer-related information; (2) stigma and privacy regarding mental health issues; (3) biomedical practitioners' claims that psychosocial on cology is not sufficiently evidence-based; and (4) limited funding for psychosocial oncology care and research. Conclusion:The International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) is considered a valuable resource towards China's interest in partnering with the international psychosocial oncology community to enhance the discipline globally.     

Recommendations for the future of translational radiobiology research: a Canadian perspective.

The use of molecular medicine is now merging into clinical practice with the advent of molecular targeting agents, molecular pathology and molecular imaging for both diagnosis and treatment response. Radiation oncologists must therefore gain expertise in utilizing this information to drive new treatment protocols. Recognizing the importance of this issue, the Canadian Association of Radiation Oncologists (CARO) charged a Task Force in Translational Radiobiology to: (1) critically assess training programs and research infrastructure in relation to current and future translational radiobiology requirements; and (2) make specific recommendations to accelerate the implementation of translational science into day-to-day practice. Selected Task Force recommendations included the principle that universities and departmental Chairs increase the opportunities for academic promotion, funding, and tenure track positions of radiobiologists and translational radiation oncologists. The dedication of 4 to 5 national centers as translational 'hubs', can serve as an interface between clinicians, clinical specimens and radiobiological sciences within the context of correlative clinical trials. The model of the clinician-scientist was encouraged as an important adjunct to good clinical care to be associated with strong enticement, training and mentoring programs and 75%-protected research time. Finally, an integrated model of radiobiological training programs and mutual continuing education between clinicians and basic scientists can be facilitated through a new national radiobiology meeting sponsored by CARO. These recommendations have been accepted by the national radiation oncology membership. Such a framework may serve useful for national programs wishing to develop rapid conduits from the lab to the clinic as a means of integrating molecular biology and the day-to-day practice of radiation oncology.     

Psychosocial oncology in China

Objective  In China over the past decade, psychosocial oncology has emerged as a new program. Development of this program requires attention to current opportunities, obstacles and cultural concerns. Methods  A selected literature review of academic papers in Chinese and English language journals and web sites was analyzed for themes regarding the current status, challenges, and opportunities for psychosocial oncology in China. Results  China’s national cancer strategy (2004–2010), based on WHO guidelines, is focused on cancer prevention and treatment, as well as quality of life among cancer patients and their families. The Chinese Anti-Cancer Association is now funding research, training and international collaboration in psychosocial oncology. The newly organized Chinese Psychosocial Oncology Society, founded in 2006, aims to provide a national forum for psychosocial oncology research. Cultural and systemic challenges to establishing psychosocial oncology as a core discipline in China include: (1) the family’s desire to ‘protect’ cancer patients by with-holding cancer-related information; (2) stigma and privacy regarding mental health issues; (3) biomedical practitioners’ claims that psychosocial oncology is not sufficiently evidence-based; and (4) limited funding for psychosocial oncology care and research. Conclusion  The International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) is considered a valuable resource towards China’s interest in partnering with the international psychosocial oncology community to enhance the discipline globally.     

Extramural training and education programs of the National Cancer Institute

The support of research training, initiated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in 1938, was reaffirmed in 1974 by the National Research Service Act (NRSA). The guiding principles for operating this program have been based upon considerations including the continuity of knowledge, the occurrence of field-switching, the difficulty of predicting future advances and needs, and the interdependence of science and technology. The NCI guidelines for its extramural training programs emphasize high quality, flexibility, and multidisciplinarity. In Fiscal Year 1985 more than 1650 research trainees were supported by institutional grants, fellowships, and awards, and the nature of these is described. Cancer Education Grants are institutional grants for medical, dental, nursing, and public health schools, which are intended to encourage cancer curriculum development with emphasis on preventive oncology, research experiences for students, and continuing education programs. Recent trends and problems with applications for these Grants are described.     

Patient navigator programs, cancer disparities, and the patient protection and affordable care act

Patients in vulnerable population groups suffer disproportionately from cancer. The elimination of cancer disparities is critically important for lessening the burden of cancer. Patient navigator programs have been shown to improve clinical outcomes. Among its provisions relevant to disparities in cancer care, The Patient Protection and Affordability Care Act authorizes continued funding of patient navigator programs. However, given the current economic and political environment, this funding is in jeopardy. This article describes patient navigator programs and summarizes the elements of the health care law that are relevant to these programs. It is vital that the entire oncology community remain committed to leading efforts toward the improvement of cancer care among our most vulnerable patients.