超声引导粗针活检及触诊下细针活检对颈部肿块的诊断对比观察

目的:探讨超声引导粗针活检(14G-18G)与触诊下普通细针穿刺抽吸活检(20-22G)对颈部肿块诊断的价值。方法:124例颈部肿块患者中68例行超声引导下粗针穿刺活检,另56例行触诊下细针穿刺抽吸活检,将二者的诊断结果进行对比。所取组织能作出明确的细胞学或(和)组织学病理诊断者为取材满意,否则为不满意。结果:粗针活检68例,平均进针2.4次/例,满意率98.5%;细针56例,每例进针1次,满意率64.3%。结论:超声引导下粗针活检同细针穿刺抽吸活检一样安全,且所取标本较大、完整,有利于病理科处理和组织学分型,值得在临床推广应用。     

高频超声引导14G粗针活检在乳腺肿块诊断中的应用

目的：探讨高频超声引导下14G粗针活检在乳腺肿块诊断中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析58例行高频超声引导下14G粗针活检术的乳腺肿块患者的超声、穿刺病理、手术病理及临床资料。结果：超声诊断符合率为93.1%（54/58）。超声引导14G 粗针活检病理诊断符合率为100%（58/58）。58例患者有36例行手术治疗,手术病理和穿刺病理符合率为100%（36/36）。取材满意率为96.6%（56/58）。58例均未发现严重并发症。结论：高频超声引导下14G粗针活检术对乳腺肿块的诊断具有确诊率高、创伤小、取材成功率高、并发症少等优势,能为临床治疗提供准确可靠的病理依据,具有较高的临床应用和推广价值。     

超声造影在甲状腺结节细针活检中的应用价值

目的：探讨超声造影引导甲状腺结节的细针活检是否可以减少取材不足的发生率。方法：回顾性分析了2016年10月至2017年3月期间，228例患者中检测到的236个甲状腺结节的细针抽吸活检情况。其中有117例患者接受了超声造影引导下的细针活检（造影组），111例患者接受了二维超声引导下的细针活检（超声组）。造影组的靶目标避开无增强区，多角度穿刺结节中造影增强区域。超声组穿刺采取常规方法，即在结节内不同角度进行抽吸活检。最后的细胞病理学结果应用Bethesda系统进行报告。取材量满足病理诊断为取材成功。比较两组细针抽吸结果的取材不足发生率。结合患者粗针活检、手术及临床随访比较两组的穿刺结果。结果：两组患者的年龄、性别、结节大小及超声特征均无明显差异。造影组的取材不足率显著低于超声组（3.3% vs 12.4%，P=0.008）。造影引导组细针活检诊断22例良性结节，超声引导下细针活检诊断7例良性结节。超声造影组的良性率明显高于超声组（P=0.006）。两组间恶性肿瘤发生率相近。结论：超声造影引导下的细针穿刺活检减少了取材不足发生率，提高了甲状腺良性结节确诊率，通过微循环灌注成像可实现对可疑恶性甲状腺结节进行精确活检。     

超声引导下经皮乳腺粗针活检术的临床应用

目的:探讨在超声引导下经皮粗针活检术(CNB)在乳腺占位性病变诊断中的临床应用。方法:用Bard 14G、16G切割针自动活检枪在超声引导下经皮穿刺16例患者的18个乳腺占位性病变,所取组织进行组织病理诊断,并与术后病理检查结果相比较。结果:18个乳腺占位性病变中,穿刺活检良性7例、恶性11例,病理诊断良性3例、恶性15例,假阴性4例,诊断准确率83.3%。超声引导下14G切割针取材成功率100%。所有病例穿刺活检后均无并发症发生。结论:超声引导下经皮粗针活检术操作简单,安全可靠,对乳腺占位性病变的诊断准确率高,并发症发生率低,是临床确定乳腺占位性病变性质的有效方法。     

超声引导腹膜后肿块粗针活检52例临床应用

[目的]探讨超声引导下粗针切割活检在腹膜后肿块诊断中的应用价值。[方法]超声引导下应用自动活检枪和16G或18G活检针对52例腹膜后肿块行切割活检．先观察二维图像及彩超表现，再行超声引导下切割活检送病理检查。[结果]腹膜后肿块穿刺活检成功率100％，取材满意率98．1％。其中恶性肿瘤84．6％（44／52），良性病变15．4％（8/52）；51例取材满意者获得明确病理诊断，诊断率100％，无并发症发生。[结论]超声引导下粗针切割活检是一种微创、快速、安全、简便的方法，所取标本较大、较完整．有利于病理处理和组织学分型。     

超声引导下粗针活检对非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因突变检测的应用价值

目的:探讨超声引导下粗针活检对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC）EGFR基因突变检测的诊断价值。方法:24例临床诊断为Ⅱ-Ⅳ期的非小细胞肺癌患者,采用美国Bard自动活检枪及14～18G活检针经超声引导下行肿块穿刺,穿刺标本行病理学检测及PCR法EGFR基因突变分析。结果:6例采用14G针,17例采用16G针,1例采用18G针,取材满意率为100%,所有病例穿刺活检后无严重并发症。病理诊断结果:腺癌17例,鳞癌4例,腺鳞癌2例,肉瘤样癌1例。EGFR基因突变11例,其中5例外显子19突变,4例外显子21突变,1例外显子20突变,1例外显子20、21均突变。结论:超声引导下粗针活检可作为晚期非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因检测的取材手段,可为临床药物分子靶向治疗提供依据。     

超声引导下粗针穿刺活检在肺周围型肿块诊断中的临床应用价值

目的 探讨超声引导下粗针穿刺活检对肺周围型肿块的临床诊断价值.方法 选取88例肺周围型肿块患者,采用超声引导下粗针穿刺活检,所有取材标本进行病理组织学检查.结果 88例患者一次穿刺成功率为96.6%(85/88).穿刺组织用于病理诊断满意率为100.0%.并发症发生率为3.4%(3/88).行穿刺活检诊断病理88例,行免疫组化检查55例,行基因检测25例.82例均获得明确的病理诊断结果,诊断准确率93.2%.结论 对于超声能显示的肺周围型肿块,超声引导下粗针穿刺活检具有安全性高、操作简单、定位准确等优点,获得病理诊断的组织标本还可用于基因检测,为患者个性化治疗方案提供指导,有较高临床价值,值得推广应用.     

实时超声引导下纵隔和周围型肺肿块的细针抽吸活检

目的 提高纵隔和肺肿块有关恶性程度的快速诊断及良恶性的鉴别诊断。方法 实时超声引导下细针吸取纵隔及周围型肺内肿块,穿刺标本送病理进行细胞学诊断。结果 经过活检的42例病人中81％获得诊断性抽吸标本,仅1例出现轻微的气胸。结论 超声引导下细针抽吸活检是一种安全、简单、可靠的细胞学诊断方法,为病人治疗方案的选择提供了可靠的依据。     

超声引导下肺肿块粗针活检在NSCLC患者EGFR基因突变检测中的价值

目的 探究超声引导下肺肿块粗针活检在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因突变检测中的价值.方法 回顾性分析96例NSCLC患者临床资料.96例NSCLC患者均采用超声引导下肺肿块粗针活检,分析穿刺成功率及EGFR基因突变检测结果.结果 96例患者均采用16G粗针活检,并顺利完成穿刺活检,取材满...     

超声引导粗针活检在非小细胞肺癌诊断及EGFR基因突变检测中的应用

目的:探讨超声引导下粗针活检在周围型非小细胞肺癌的诊断及EGFR基因突变检测中应用价值.方法:31例周围型非小细胞肺癌患者行超声引导下肺肿块粗针活检术,活检小标本行病理学检测及PCR法EGFR基因突变分析.结果:31例非小细胞肺癌活检小标本取材满意率100％,穿刺定性诊断符合率100％,EGFR基因检出率100％,并发症发生率3.2％.病理结果:腺癌25例、鳞癌2例、腺鳞癌3例、肉瘤样癌1例.31例非小细胞肺癌活检小标本中,检测到EGFR基因突变11例,阳性率35.5％.其中5例为第19外显子框内多核苷酸缺失,5例为第21外显子L858R突变,1例为联合突变L861Q/G719X(第18外显子G719X突变和第21外显子L861Q突变).结论:超声引导下肺肿块粗针活检术简便、安全、有效,能明确周围型非小细胞肺癌的诊断,是非小细胞肺癌获得肿瘤组织检测EGFR基因突变的可靠方法.     

Fine aspiration versus fine cutting needle, and comparison between smear cytology, inclusion cytology and microhistology in abdominal lesions

Two hundred patients underwent ultrasound guided percutaneous fine needle biopsy of focal solid abdominal lesions using 22 gauge aspiration and cutting needles. The material obtained by aspiration needle was treated by smear cytology and by inclusion cytology, and that obtained by cutting needle by microhistology. The retrieval rate was 89% for aspiration needle (smear cytology = 89%, inclusion cytology = 83.5%) and was 83% for cutting needle; the combined diagnostic accuracy was 98%. The typing accuracy was 76% for smear cytology, and was 84% for inclusion cytology and microhistology. We conclude that: 1. to obtain the highest retrieval rate (98%) both aspiration and cutting needles are necessary, because the aspiration needle is more likely to secure necrotic or soft tissue, and the cutting needle, fibrous or hard tissue; 2. histologic treatment of the samples yields a higher typing accuracy: 84% vs 76%; however, smear cytology remains essential because it permits a much faster evaluation of the adequacy of the sample and because it may avoid histologic methods in 76% of cases; 3. the smear cytology + microhistology combination seems to be the best solution (retrieval rate = 97.5%), but the costs are much higher because the cutting needle is somewhat expensive. The best solution would be to use the combination smear + inclusion cytology (retrieval rate = 89%) and to reserve the cutting needle for when aspiration needle material proves to be inadequate.     

超声引导经皮肺穿刺在周围型肺部病变诊断中的价值

目的 探讨超声引导经皮肺穿刺在周围型肺部病变诊断中的临床应用价值及安全性。方法 选取我院173例肺周围型病变的患者,其中男性108例,在超声引导下行穿刺细胞学和组织病理学活检,分析活检的临床价值和并发症情况。结果 所有病例在超声引导下均穿刺成功。经细胞学和组织病理学综合诊断166例,其中恶性肿瘤91例,炎性、肺结核及其他良性病变75例。仅22例发生轻微并发症,其中出血9例,气胸13例。结论 超声实时引导肺周围型病变穿刺活检是一项有效、安全的诊断措施。     

Ultrasonographically guided biopsy of thoracic tumors. A comparison of large-bore cutting biopsy with fine-needle aspiration.

A prospective study to compare the safety and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonographically guided transthoracic large-bore cutting biopsy histologic examination with fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination was conducted in 149 patients with thoracic tumors (29 mediastinal tumors and 120 pulmonary masses). The authors found that large-bore cutting biopsy under ultrasonographic guidance could be as safe as fine-needle aspiration, whereas diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher (97% versus 59% in malignant tumors, respectively, P less than 0.05; 85% versus 33% in benign lesions, respectively, P less than 0.05). The size, depth, and location of lesions did not influence the results of transthoracic needle aspiration or cutting biopsy. In 77 patients with primary lung cancer, fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination, although achieving 88% positive cytologic results, identified the histologic cell type accurately in only 70%, whereas Tru-Cut (Top Surgical, Tokyo, Japan) biopsy was 97% accurate in confirmative histologic diagnosis. Fourteen patients had discordant cytologic and histologic diagnoses, and the cases of 3 (3.9%) were between small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. The diagnostic accuracy of Tru-Cut biopsy also was significantly higher than that of fine-needle aspiration in metastatic cancers (90% versus 33%, respectively) and mediastinal tumors (100% versus 46%, respectively). The authors conclude that transthoracic cutting biopsy under ultrasonographic guidance is safe and has a higher diagnostic accuracy as compared with fine-needle aspiration. This technique is particularly useful for benign lesions or tumors with pleomorphic morphologic characteristics, such as lymphomas and thymomas.     

穿刺细胞学与B超相结合在诊断乳腺癌中的意义

目的探讨细针穿刺细胞学与B超相结合对乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法采用B超引导下定位穿刺吸取细胞学及单纯应用针吸细胞学两种方法，与肿物切除后组织学检查相对比进行分析。结果肿物切除后组织学检查诊断乳腺癌98例，假阴性11例，其中36例应用B超引导下定位穿刺吸取细胞学检查，假阴性2例；62例单纯应用针吸细胞学检查，假阴性9例，细胞学诊断准确率分别为94．4％和85．5％，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论细针穿刺细胞学检查具有安全、经济、方便、快速、痛苦小、准确率高的特点，结合B超引导下的定位穿刺更可获取足量的细胞成分，提高细胞学诊断正确率。对乳腺肿块尤其是对乳腺癌的筛选具有重要意义，可达到早期诊断和治疗目的。虽然乳腺的穿刺细胞学检查具有较高的可靠性，但仍存在一定的局限性和误诊率，需要组织学诊断解决。     

针吸细胞病理学在临床应用中的价值探讨

目的：探讨针吸细胞学在临床应用中的价值。方法：采用细针吸取细胞分析３６１９０人次诊断结果。结果：３６１９０人次针吸细胞学阳性检出率为８９．５％,７９１例细胞学诊断为肿瘤或瘤样增生者与病理对照,诊断符合率为８７．６％;２０６４例细胞学府晨瘤性疾病或病变者,被临床和病理证实为恶性肿瘤者２５例,生肿瘤１５６例,假队性率为８．８％。结论：针吸细胞学诊断的敏感性和特异性尚满意,具实用价值,但其准确性低于病理     

Needle biopsy of endothoracic neoformations: a five-year experience

We dwell upon the importance of percutaneous biopsy in the diagnosis of endothoracic masses, comparing the results of the cutting needles to those of the fine needle aspiration biopsy. We began utilizing the Vim-Silverman needle with good results (73.7% diagnoses) and a small number of complications, only 1 of which needed treatment, but in the light of the severe and lethal complications described in the literature, we came to prefer the use of the fine needle aspiration technique, which provided good results, too, (74% diagnoses) and enlarged the diagnostic range of the percutaneous biopsy of the lung in cases of deep, or mediastinal masses. We also hold that the use of cutting needles should not be given up: in fact when a technically good smear from an aspiration biopsy does not allow a diagnosis, we usually repeat the biopsy using a cutting needle, if there is no contraindication.     

CT导引下经皮纵隔肿块穿刺活检的临床应用

目的：探讨应用软组织切割针在CT导引下对纵隔肿块性病变穿刺活检技术及其临床的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析85例纵隔肿块性病变在CT导引下应用18G和20G软组织切割针进行穿刺活检的临床资料。结果：纵隔肿块穿刺技术成功率100%（85/85）。病理明确诊断75例（88.2%）,不能明确诊断10例;18G针活检39例、20G针活检46例,阳性率分别为92.3%、84.8%;≤3cm病灶18例,〉3cm病灶67例,活检阳性率分别为83.3%、89.6%;胸腺类肿瘤、转移性肿瘤、恶性淋巴瘤、神经源性肿瘤活检阳性率分别为92.3%、93.8%、87.5%、63.6%,P〈0.05有统计学意义。穿刺并发症发生率为11.8%。结论：CT导引下经皮穿刺活检对纵隔肿块性病变是一种安全有效的诊断方法,值得临床推广应用。     

超声引导下甲状腺结节细针穿刺细胞学与粗针穿刺组织学检查的对比研究CSCD

目的比较超声引导下甲状腺结节细针穿刺细胞学与粗针穿刺组织学检查的诊断准确率、敏感度、特异性及并发症。方法收集95例超声检查疑似为恶性甲状腺结节患者的98个结节,行超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学与粗针穿刺组织学检查,并经术后常规病理检查证实。比较两种方法诊断甲状腺结节的准确率、敏感度、特异性及术后并发症。分析结节直径大小与取材满意率、诊断准确率的关系。结果 (1)细针穿刺取材满意率89.8%,粗针为96.9%。细针穿刺细胞学诊断甲状腺结节的准确率、敏感度、特异性分别为86.4%、90.5%、82.6%;粗针穿刺组织学诊断为90.5%、91.7%、88.6%;(2)粗针穿刺并发症发生率高于细针穿刺(14.3% vs.2.0%,P<0.05);(3)结节直径≥1.0 cm时,粗针穿刺诊断准确率高于细针穿刺(P<0.05)。结论细针穿刺细胞学与粗针穿刺组织学检查在甲状腺结节良恶性诊断中可互相补充。     

Cytodiagnosis of soft tissue tumors

The only acceptable definitive diagnosis of a soft tissue mass is histologic or cytologic examination. In recent years, fine-needle aspiration cytology is used in more and more centers for diagnosis of soft tissue masses. We studied 196 aspiration cytologies performed on soft tissue lesions. Out of these, in 48 cases a definitive surgical procedure or open biopsy for histology and further evaluation were performed. There were 25 sarcomas and 23 benign tumors. There was one false negative cytologic result in this group; no false positive cytologies were detected. It seems that cytodiagnosis of soft tissue masses performed by an experienced pathologist is the method of choice, permitting a good diagnostic evaluation, with almost none of the traumatic and oncologic disadvantages of the other methods of biopsy.