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1.
本文资料来自东京国立癌症中心医院于1974~75年间检查的693例可扪及的乳房肿瘤超声图,均经切除活检和乳房切除术后的病理组织学检查证实。应用仪器为有灰色标度电路的SSL-25 A型(超声)断层声象仪(Sonolayergrapb),作60°弧形扫描的水浸法检查。探头为5兆赫。诊断标准灰色标度超声图的乳房肿瘤鉴别诊断可根据鉴别  相似文献   

2.
目的研究高频超声检查对腕管综合征的早期诊断价值。方法对21例经临床检查诊断为早期腕管综合征的患者进行术前高频超声检查、肌电生理检查、X线检查及术中探查,并将上述结果进行比对。正中神经的高频超声检查结果与文献报道的正常声像特点比较。结果高频超声检查在腕管综合征诊断中的阳性率为94.7%,假阴性率为5.2%。肌电生理检查在腕管综合征诊断中的阳性率为76.2%,假阴性率为23.8%。结论高频超声检查可显示腕部被卡压的正中神经形态,对早期诊断腕管综合征有帮助。  相似文献   

3.
肾结核的超声诊断与分型   总被引:23,自引:1,他引:22  
目的:探讨肾结核超声诊断、分型及其临床价值。方法:回顾性分析资料完整的150例肾结核患者的超声声像图特点。结果:超声诊断肾结核的符合率为79.3%(119/150),根据肾结核B超声像图特点,将肾结核分析归纳为6型,即囊肿型18例,积水型10例,积脓型6例,炎症萎缩型16例,钙化型31例,混合型38例。结论:超声检查具有价廉、无创等优点,对肾结核声像图的分型,有助于肾结核的诊断及鉴别诊断。  相似文献   

4.
《腹部外科》2012,25(3)
目的 比较超声与X线检查对腹部空腔脏器穿孔的诊断价值.方法 急腹症待诊者56例,术后确诊为空腔脏器穿孔34例.将X线检查、超声术前拟诊与术后结果比较.结果 超声与X线检查诊断腹部空腔脏器穿孔,在准确性、特异性等方面差异无统计学意义;超声敏感性高、且假阴性低.结论 诊断空腔脏器穿孔,超声的信息量比X线检查多,能弥补后者检查的不足.  相似文献   

5.
目的:探讨超声检查对腹内疝的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析33例超声诊断为腹内疝合并肠梗阻的超声声像图特征,并与手术结果对照,了解超声诊断符合率。结果:33例患者超声提示腹内疝伴不同程度肠梗阻,其中25例手术证实,超声诊断准确率75.8%(25/33),假阳性率24.2%(8/33)。结论:超声检查对腹内疝并发肠梗阻的诊断具有准确率较高、无创、可重复等优点,为临床早期诊断及治疗腹内疝提供了必要的影像学诊断依据。  相似文献   

6.
目的:提高胃十二指肠溃疡病穿孔的确诊率。方法:对我院近5年来根据气腹征有无来判断溃疡病穿孔的存在与否而导致18例误诊的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:溃疡病穿孔气腹征阴性14例,非溃疡病穿孔气腹征阳性4例,均经手术证实术前误诊,结论:气腹征阴性不能轻易排除溃疡病穿孔,而气腹阳性并非溃疡病穿孔所特有,全面检查,综合分析,方能减少溃疡病穿孔的误诊。  相似文献   

7.
目的 总结近年来我院超声诊断疑似急性阑尾炎的体会,旨在进一步提高疑似急性阑尾炎的诊断水平。方法 对所有疑似的急性阑尾炎术前常规B超检查,与手术诊断比较,分析超声诊断的价值。结果 疑似的急性阑尾炎64例,男女比例为1:3。入院后常规B超检查,其中确诊为妇科疾病26例,输尿管结石2例,急性胆囊炎1例和阑尾周围脓肿9例,占全部疑似病例的60.9%(39/64);确诊为急性阑尾炎22例和其他疾病4例。急症手术45例,手术率为70.3%(45/64),其中不必要手术4例,占8.9%(4/45);术前B超检查与手术诊断不符6例,占9.4%(6/64);本组病例中未出现阑尾穿孔。结论 对于无法确诊的疑似急性阑尾炎患者,应用超声检查可显著提高诊断正确率。  相似文献   

8.
评价超声在甲状旁腺疾病诊断中的价值及多种影像学检查技术在甲状旁腺疾病诊断中的对比分析。方法回顾性分析于我院行甲状旁腺手术切除患者94例,共104个病灶。观察病变的声像图特征,对比分析多种影像学检查结果。结果不同甲状旁腺病变的超声声像图特征具有差异性,超声诊断甲状旁腺病变的敏感度为82.69%(86/104),对于直径1cm的病变,超声诊断的敏感度明显高于其他检查单独使用,而对于合并甲状腺结节的病变超声的敏感度低于核素显像及超声联合核素检查(P均0.05)。结论超声可作为甲状旁腺病变诊断的首选检查方法,联合运用各种影像学检查,可更好地进行病变的术前定位及诊断。  相似文献   

9.
多功能彩超多普勒在阳痿诊断中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
作者1993年以来,用多功能二联超声多普勒电脑声象仪检测阳痿患者阴茎血流图共36例。并以同一人所作的夜间阴茎膨胀实验、阴茎及肱动脉血压指数、海绵体内药物注射或海绵体测压造影等检查作比较,以研究其相关性。结果发现与海绵体测压造影及阴茎及肱动脉血压指数有较好相关性,分别为71.4%与55.0%。作者认为此检查对血管性阳痿患者的诊断标准可提供有用的资料。  相似文献   

10.
动态脊髓造影诊断腰椎间盘突出症   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的:探讨动态脊髓造影对于腰椎间盘突出症的诊断价值。方法:对186例腰椎间盘突出症患者进行脊髓造影,动态观察,拍摄不同体位的X线片。186例均经CT检查,110例经CTM检查,106例经手术治疗。结果:186例中213个椎间隙诊断为腰椎间盘突出,96个椎间隙诊断为腰椎间盘膨出,动念脊髓造影检查结果与手术诊断符合率为93.62%,CT检查结果与手术诊断符合率为86.74%,CTM检查结果与手术诊断符合率为96.88%。结论:动态脊髓造影检查克服了传统脊髓造影、CT、MRI检查静态观察的缺陷,降低了假阳性率和假阴性率,对L5/S1间盘突出诊断效果更为明显,并可鉴别诊断腰椎问盘突出和膨出。  相似文献   

11.
超声诊断十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的探讨十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的超声表现特征,评价超声诊断十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的价值。方法回顾性分析25例手术证实的十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔患者的彩色多普勒声像图特点,分别计算超声对十二指肠溃疡、腹腔游离气体、腹腔积液及局部包块的检出率,并与X线检查结果进行对比。结果25例十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔患者,术前超声检查提示十二指肠球部溃疡21例,腹腔游离气体18例,腹腔积液25例,腹部包块14例。X线平片或透视发现膈下游离气体21例,未能显示腹腔积液及腹部包块,更无法显示十二指肠球部溃疡的直接征象。结论对于十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔,超声在显示腹腔游离气体方面与X线检查相当,还可显示腹腔积液、肿块等X线无法显示的间接征象,尤其是可部分显示十二指肠球部溃疡的直接征象,弥补了X线检查的不足,是十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的有效检查方法。  相似文献   

12.
Fifty-six consecutive patients presenting to one general surgical unit with acute upper abdominal pain were submitted to early diagnostic endoscopy after exclusion of perforation, pancreatitis and gallstone disease. Endoscopy was performed within 48 h of admission in 84% of patients and 68% of the study group were discharged within 48 h of the procedure. In 26 patients a definite causative pathology was identified. In 13 patients there were mucosal changes of doubtful significance, while in 17 patients the examination was normal. Endoscopy in patients admitting to excess alcohol intake was generally unrewarding and there was poor correlation between the clinical diagnosis of peptic ulcer and endoscopic findings. The clinical diagnosis was revised in 64% of patients following endoscopy. The data from this study suggest that early endoscopy in acute upper abdominal pain results in a high yield of positive findings, permits rapid correction of diagnostic errors and facilitates early institution of management and discharge.  相似文献   

13.
Early diagnosis and surgical intervention is important in the management of peptic ulcer perforation. This study looks at the value of a pneumogastrogram in the diagnosis of patients suspected of having a perforated peptic ulcer. One hundred and twenty-nine patients were studied. Pneumogastrograrn increased the diagnostic yield of pneumoperitoneum from 66% following plain erect X-ray examination to 91%. The procedure was free of complications.  相似文献   

14.
目的:探讨超声、超声造影、X线钼靶及三者联合应用对早期乳腺癌的诊断价值。方法:收集行超声、超声造影、X线钼靶及三者联合诊断的156例乳腺癌和260例乳腺良性病变患者的病例资料,统计分析超声、超声造影、X线钼靶3种检查方法单独及联合使用对早期乳腺癌诊断率的差异。结果:超声单独诊断早期乳腺癌敏感度、特异度、假阳性率、假阴性率、符合率分别为86.55%、58.25%、41.75%、13.45%、68.62%;超声造影单独诊断早期乳腺癌,敏感度、特异度、假阳性率、假阴性率、符合率分别为93.10%、70.73%、29.27%、6.89%、77.90%;X线钼靶单独诊断早期乳腺癌敏感度、特异度、假阳性率、假阴性率、符合率分别为64.00%、66.32%、33.67%、36.00%、65.32%;三者联合使用诊断早期乳腺癌敏感度、特异度、假阳性率、假阴性率、符合率分别为92.30%、98.40%、1.58%、7.69%、96.62%。单独应用超声造影诊断准确度高于单独应用超声及X线钼靶,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三者联合应用的诊断准确度均高于单独应用超声、超声造影、X线钼靶,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:单独应用超声造影诊断早期乳腺癌诊断符合率高于单独应用超声及X线钼靶。三者联合应用可以提高诊断早期乳腺癌的准确度,对于早期乳腺癌的早诊断、早治疗有重要临床意义。  相似文献   

15.
目的:探讨泛影葡胺造影对上消化道穿孔者的诊断价值。方法:对临床上怀疑上消化道穿孔的112例患者,术前使用泛影葡胺造影,并对该组的临床资料进行回顾性分析。患者在透视下动态观察有无造影剂经胃、十二指肠漏出并摄片分析,有造影剂漏出为阳性,无则为阴性。结果:112例患者行泛影葡胺造影,阳性者72 例:胃穿孔31 例,其中胃溃疡穿孔27例,胃癌穿孔4例;十二指肠球部穿孔 41例。阴性者40例,其中39例经CT、急诊胃镜检查及剖腹探查确诊为其他疾病,但有1例阴性者行剖腹探查诊断为胃后壁穿孔。该法的诊断符合率99.1 %,敏感性98.6%,特异性100%,全组假阴性1例,无假阳性。结论:泛影葡胺在诊断上消化道穿孔中安全、有效、方便、价廉,有其重要应用价值。  相似文献   

16.
The diagnostic accuracy and the clinical impact of routine ultrasonography performed by 4 surgeons, were prospectively studied in 366 unselected patients admitted for suspected acute appendicitis. Clinical and sonographic findings on admission were correlated with laparotomy findings, pathological outcome and clinical as well as follow-up data. The overall sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis were 55.3%, 94.6% and 84.2% respectively (positive predictive value (PPV) 75.8%, negative predictive value (NPV) 87.3%). Ultrasound enabled visualization of the disease in 67 of 85 (prevalence 23.3%) patients with a histologically confirmed acute appendicitis; false positive results were recorded in 7 cases (sensitivity 78.8%, specificity 97.5%, accuracy 93.1%, PPV 90.5%, NPV 93.8%). Ultrasound was particularly useful in patients presenting with equivocal or highly unsuspective signs of acute appendicitis: of 38 patients with an acute appendicitis in this group ultrasonography enabled to make the diagnosis in 26. The combined approach of clinical evaluation and routine ultrasonography markedly improved the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 85.9%, specificity 96.4%, accuracy 94%) and substantially reduced the negative laparotomy rate (7.9%) in patients with suspected acute appendicitis. It is concluded, that ultrasonographic evaluation of the patient with suspected acute appendicitis performed by surgeons is of great assistance in surgical practice.  相似文献   

17.
Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Ultrasonography with graded compression was performed in 525 patients with clinical signs of acute appendicitis. Of 207 patients with surgically proven appendicitis the inflamed appendix (diameter greater than or equal to 6 mm) had been visualized sonographically in 177 (86 per cent). The score for non-perforated appendicitis (91 per cent) was higher than for perforated appendicitis (55 per cent). Twenty-four patients in whom an inflamed appendix was seen on ultrasonography did not undergo surgery because of rapidly subsiding symptoms ('abortive appendicitis'). Four of these 24 developed recurrent appendicitis warranting surgery. Two underwent elective appendectomy and 18 have remained symptom-free. Of 155 patients with a subsequently confirmed alternative condition, ultrasonography made the correct diagnosis in 140: bacterial ileocaecitis (69), mesenteric lymphadenitis (eight), gynaecological conditions (34), urological conditions (eight), caecal diverticulitis (six), perforated peptic ulcer (six), Crohn's disease (two) and miscellaneous conditions (seven). Of 139 patients in whom no definite diagnosis was made ultrasonography showed no abnormalities in 138. In four patients a false positive sonographic diagnosis of appendicitis was made and in two patients with appendicitis an alternative condition was incorrectly diagnosed. During the last 3 years of the study the negative appendicectomy rate was 7 per cent and delay beyond 6 h after admission occurred in only 2 per cent of patients with surgically proven appendicitis. When used to complement the clinical diagnosis ultrasonography improves the diagnostic accuracy and patient management in those suspected of having acute appendicitis.  相似文献   

18.
消化性溃疡穿孔的诊断和治疗   总被引:15,自引:2,他引:13  
目的 总结消化性溃疡穿孔的外科诊治经验,以提高对溃疡病穿孔的诊治水平。方法 对1991~2002年间收冶的166例消化性溃疡穿孔患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果166例中,术前确诊152例(91.6%),误诊14例(8.4%)。行保守治疗20例(12.0%),无中转手术病例。穿孔修补术28例(16.9%),胃大部分切除术118例(71.1%),术后无再穿孔、幽门梗阻、吻合口漏和残端破裂等近期严重并发症及死亡病例。结论 术前X线和B超联合应用可提高溃疡病穿孔的确诊率。胃大部分切除术的近期并发症与单纯穿孔修补术或非手术疗法并发症的发生无显著性差异,但远期疗效优于后两者。  相似文献   

19.
目的评价超声弹性成像技术对于小乳腺癌(最大直径≤2cm)的诊断价值。方法收集2012年9月至2014年10月期间收治的72例患者共72个最大直径≤2 cm的乳腺肿块资料。术前均经过常规超声及超声弹性成像检查,常规超声采用BI-RADS分类,超声弹性成像采用改良5分法分别对乳腺肿块的性质进行鉴别诊断。术后或细针细胞穿刺术后病理结果作为金标准,比较单独运用常规超声及两者联合应用这两种方法对小乳腺癌的诊断准确率。采用SPASS18.0统计软件进行分析,率的比较采用χ~2检验,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果以病理诊断作为金标准,单独运用常规超声诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确率为55.2%,60.5%,58.3%,而两者联合诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确率79.3%,81.4%,80.6%,两者的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.378,P=0.006)。结论超声弹性成像有助于提高小乳腺癌的诊断准确率,具有重要的临床价值。  相似文献   

20.
Purpose: To investigate the accuracy and efficiency of bedside ultrasonography application performed by certified sonographer in emergency patients with blunt abdominal trauma. Methods: The study was carried out from 2017 to 2019. Findings in operations or on computed tomography (CT) were used as references to evaluate the accuracy of bedside abdominal ultrasonography. The time needed for bedside abdominal ultrasonography or CT examination was collected separately to evaluate the efficiency of bedside abdominal ultrasonography application. Results: Bedside abdominal ultrasonography was performed in 106 patients with blunt abdominal trauma, of which 71 critical patients received surgery. The overall diagnostic accordance rate was 88.68%. The diagnostic accordance rate for liver injury, spleen injury, kidney injury, gut perforation, retroperitoneal hematoma and multiple abdominal organ injury were 100%, 94.73%, 94.12%, 20.00%, 100% and 81.48%, respectively. Among the 71 critical patients, the diagnostic accordance rate was 94.37%, in which the diagnostic accordance rate for liver injury, spleen injury, kidney injury, gut perforation and multiple abdominal organ injury were 100%, 100%, 100%, 20.00% and 100%. The mean time for imaging examination of bedside abdominal ultrasonography was longer than that for CT scan (4.45 ± 1.63 vs. 2.38 ± 1.19) min; however, the mean waiting time before examination (7.37 ± 2.01 vs. 16.42 ± 6.37) min, the time to make a diagnostic report (6.42 ± 3.35 vs. 36.26 ± 13.33) min, and the overall time (17.24 ± 2.33 vs. 55.06 ± 6.96) min were shorter for bedside abdominal ultrasonography than for CT scan. Conclusion: Bedside ultrasonography application provides both efficiency and reliability for the assessment of blunt abdominal trauma. Especially for patients with free peritoneal effusion and critical patients, bedside ultrasonography has been proved obvious advantageous. However, for negative bedside ultrasonography patients with blunt abdominal trauma, we recommend further abdominal CT scan or serial ultrasonography scans subsequently.  相似文献   

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