黄芪甲苷预处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注所致肺损伤的影响及其机制

目的:探讨黄芪甲苷(AS-Ⅳ)预处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注所致肺损伤的影响及其相关机制。方法:将45只成年雄性SD大鼠随机均分为假手术(sham)组、肠缺血再灌注(I/R)组、AS-Ⅳ预处理(AS-Ⅳ)组。I/R组和AS-Ⅳ组通过夹闭肠系膜上动脉(SMA)60 min后再灌注120 min以建立I/R模型,sham组仅进行SMA暴露处理。AS-Ⅳ组于模型制备前60 min给予AS-Ⅳ(60 mg/kg)灌胃,sham组和I/R组在相同时间点用等体积的生理盐水灌胃。于再灌注120 min时取肺组织,采用HE染色法观察病理学变化,测定肺组织湿/干(W/D)比值和支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)/血清中分子量为4 kDa的FITC标记右旋糖酐(FITC-dextran 4 kDa, FD4)比值,并用ELISA法测定肺组织中白细胞介素(IL)-1β和IL-18水平,Western blotting法检测肺组织中NLRP3、ASC和caspase-1表达水平。结果:与sham组比较,I/R组肺组织病理学损伤评分、肺组织W/D比值和BALF/血清FD4比值升高,IL-1β和IL-18水平升高,NLRP3、ASC和caspase-1的表达水平升高(P<0.05);与I/R组比较,AS-Ⅳ组肺脏组织病理学损伤评分、肺组织W/D比值和BALF/血清FD4比值降低,IL-1β和IL-18水平降低,NLRP3、ASC和caspase-1的表达水平降低(P<0.05)。结论:AS-Ⅳ预处理能够显著改善大鼠肠I/R所致的肺损伤,其机制可能与下调NLRP3炎症小体活化水平,减少细胞因子释放,从而减轻肺部组织炎症反应有关。     

黄芪甲甙对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

黄芪甲甙是黄芪单体之一 ,除了有抗炎 ,降压 ,改善心肌缺血等作用外 ,还具有抗脂质过氧化及清除自由基作用 ,我们观察了黄芪甲甙对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的影响。一、材料与方法1.试剂与仪器 :黄芪甲甙 (纯度为83 .73 % ,上海药品检验所 ) ,实验前用生理盐水 (NS)配制成 1%、5 %和 10 % (g/L)溶液 ;超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)试剂盒由南京建成生物研究所提供。大鼠肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF ) α酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)试剂盒购自晶美公司。仪器 :酶标仪 (BioTEKELX80 0 ) ,分光光度计(PharmaciaBiotechUltrospect 2 0 0 0 )。2 .动物分组及方…     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的 评价缺血预处理.后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法 清洁级成年雄性SD大鼠40只.体重225～275 g,随机分为5组(n=8):假手术组(S组)仅分离肠系膜上动脉(SMA),不夹闭;肠缺血再灌注组(IIR组)采用夹闭SMA 60 min,再灌注60 min的方法制备肠缺血再灌注损伤模型;缺血预处理组(IPr组)夹闭SMA 10 min,再灌注10 min,余同IIR组;缺血后处理组(IPo 组)夹闭SMA 60 min后,再灌注30 s,缺血30 s,反复3次,再灌注60 min;缺血预处理.后处理组(IPr-IPo组)先行缺血预处理,再行缺血后处理,操作过程同IPr组和IPo组.于再灌注60 min时各组取肠粘膜组织,观察肠粘膜形态并行Chiu评分,检测丙二醛(MDA)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性,同时采集动脉血样检测血浆肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及白细胞介素6(IL-6)浓度.结果 与S组比较,其余各组Chiu评分、MDA含量、MPO活性、血浆TNF-α与IL-6浓度升高,SOD活性降低(P<0.05).与IIR组比较,IPr组、IPo组及IPr-IPo组Chiu评分、MDA含量、MPO活性、血浆TNF-α和IL-6浓度降低.SOD活性升高(P<0.01).与IPr组和IPo组比较,IPr-IPo组Chiu评分和MDA含量降低,SOD活性升高(P<0.05).IPr组与IPo组各指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 缺血预处理-后处理可减轻大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤,较单独应用时效果好.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

缺血预处理-后处理对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To evaluate the effects of ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning on the intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods Forty healthy male SD weighing 225-275 g were randomly assigned into 5 groups ( n = 8 each): group I sham operation (group S) ; group II intestinal IR (group IIR); group Ⅲ ischemic preconditioning (group Ipr); group IV ischemic postconditioning (group Ipo); group V Ipr+ Ipo. The rats were anesthetized with intraperitonel 20% urethane 5 ml/kg. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was occluded for 60 min followed by 60 min reperfusion. In group S, SMA was isolated but not occluded. In group Ipr, SMA was occluded for 10 min followed by 10 min reperfusion, and the rest procedures were performed using the method described in group IIR. In group Ipo, 60 min ischemia was followed by three 30 s episodes of ischemia at 30 s intervals for reperfusion. In group Ipr+ Ipo, Ipr was performed followed by Ipo and the procedures were performed using the methods described in group Ipr and Ipo. The animals were killed at 60 min of reperfusion. The intestinal tissues were immediately removed for determination of MDA content, SOD and MPO activities and the degree of damage to intestinal mucous membrane was scored according to Chiu score. Arterial blood samples were taken for determination of plasma concentrations of TNF-α and 1L-6. Results Compared with group S, Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased, whereas SOD activity decreased in the other 4 groups ( P < 0.05). Chiu score, MDA content, MPO activity, and plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, whereas SOD activity increased in group Ipr, Ipo and Ipr + Ipo as compared with group IIR ( P < 0.05). Chiu score and MDA content were significantly lower, whereas SOD activity higher in group Ipr + Ipo than in group Ipr and Ipo ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in the indices between group Ipr and group Ipo ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Ischemic preconditioning-postconditioning can attenuate the intestinal IR injury in rats, and the efficacy is better than that of either Ipr or Ipo alone.     

Exogenous IL-6 Inhibits Acute Inflammatory Responses and Prevents Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury after Intestinal Transplantation

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic acute reactant cytokine involved in inflammatory responses. To explore the role of IL-6 in inflammation, this study examined the efficacy of exogenous IL-6 in preventing intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury associated with small bowel transplantation (SBTx). Syngenic orthotopic SBTx was performed in Lewis rats after 6-h graft preservation in University of Wisconsin (UW) at 4 degrees C. IL-6 mutein (IL-6m, 500 microg/kg), a recombinant molecular variant of human IL-6, was subcutaneously given to donors 2 h before harvesting (IL-6mD) or to excised grafts by luminal infusion (IL-6mG). Animal survival was 100% and 75% in IL-6mD (p<0.05 vs. control) and IL-6mG groups, respectively, compared with 64.3% in untreated controls. The severity of I/R injury (e.g. epithelial denudation, villous congestion) was reduced with IL-6m, in addition to a striking increase in re-epithelization. With IL-6m, neutrophil extravasation was markedly reduced in intestinal grafts and in remote organs (e.g. lung). IL-6m mediated anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of I/R-induced up-regulation of intragraft and circulating IL-1-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-6. IL-6m also increased intestinal graft tissue blood flow. These results show that IL-6 is effective in protecting the intestine from cold I/R injury by maintaining graft blood flow and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine up-regulation and neutrophil infiltration.     

葡天胶囊对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨葡天胶囊预处理对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：雄性Wistar大鼠24只,随机分为假手术组（Sham组）、模型对照组（Control组）、葡天胶囊预处理组（PT组）,每组各8只。模型对照组及葡天胶囊160mg·kg^-1·d^-1预处理组手术建立肾脏缺血再灌注模型,缺血后1h恢复灌注,分别在恢复灌注后24h、48h、72h后检测血肌酐、尿素氮及血清白蛋白水平,并观察肾脏病理变化。结果：与假手术组相比,模型组血肌酐水平升高（P〈0.05）;葡天胶囊预处理组再灌24h、48h及72h血肌酐水平明显低于模型组（P〈0.05）;肾脏病理显示葡天胶囊预处理组肾组织病变轻于模型对照组。结论：葡天胶囊对肾脏缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

缺血后处理对兔肝脏热缺血再灌注损伤的保护

目的探讨缺血后处理对肝脏热缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法阻断肝十二指肠韧带建立兔肝脏热缺血再灌注模型,将30只健康新西兰大耳白兔随机分为假手术(S组)、缺血再灌注(IR组)、缺血后处理(IP组)3组,每组10只。S组只分离肝十二指肠韧带,不阻断;IR组分离并阻断肝十二指肠25min后再恢复灌注;IP组分离并阻断肝十二指肠韧带,于肝脏缺血25min后恢复血灌前阻断、复灌各1min共3个循环进行缺血后处理。观察麻醉诱导后20min(T0)、阻断肝十二指肠韧带25min(T1)、开放30min(T2)、开放1h(T3)、开放2h(T4)、开放4h(T5)血流动力学、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)变化,并检测肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)变化。结果与IR组比较,IP组T2时HR,T2、T5时SBP及T5时DBP较IR组高;复灌后(T2～T5)血浆ALT明显降低,肝组织中MDA明显下降,而SOD明显升高(P<0.05)。结论缺血后处理可减轻肝脏缺血再灌注损伤。     

阿魏酸钠对缺血性急性肾衰竭中SDF-1表达影响

目的：探讨阿魏酸钠对缺血性急性肾衰竭大鼠肾脏基质细胞衍生因子-1（SDF—1）表达的影响。方法：将雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组、阿魏酸钠（SF）治疗组、SOD治疗对照组。检测肾功能;免疫组化、RT—PCR检测SDF-1的表达。结果：在假手术组,Scr（53．56±4．47）μmol／L,BUN（5．8±0．41）mmol／L;缺血再灌注导致大鼠肾脏损伤明显,Scr（105．10±6．31）pmol／L,BUN（19．60±0．56）retool／L;SF治疗后,血清Scr、BUN水平较IR组下降明显。在SF20mg治疗组,Scr（80．92±5．02）μmol／L,BUN（13．64±0．53）mmol／L;在SF40rng治疗组,Scr（66．88±4．86）μmol／L,BUN（10．46±0．79）mmol／L;在SOD治疗对照组,Scr（57．04±2．1）μmol／L,BUN（7．98±0．48）mmol／L。在假手术组SDF-1有微量表达;大鼠肾脏缺血45min再灌注24h,肾组织SDF-1蛋白、mRNA的表达上调。阿魏酸钠上调SDF-1蛋白、mRNA的表达更加明显。SOD亦能上调SDF-1蛋白、mRNA的表达。结论：在缺血性急性肾衰竭中,阿魏酸钠可促进肾组织表达SDF-1,可能是促进造血干细胞（HSC）向肾脏归巢、加速损伤肾脏修复的机制之一。     

Effect of Leptin and Apelin Preconditioning on Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Leptin and apelin are important adipocytokines involved in a variety of endocrine and paracrine functions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous leptin and apelin preconditioning on hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Forty mice were assigned to four groups (n = 10): sham-operated control (sham), I/R injury, I/R + leptin (I/R + L), and I/R + apelin (I/R + A). Leptin 100 μg/kg/day and apelin 2 μg/kg/day were delivered intraperitoneally starting 3 days prior to surgical procedure in I/R + L and I/R + A groups, respectively. All I/R groups underwent 45 min of warm ischemia, followed by 30 min of reperfusion. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), and liver histopathology were compared between groups. MDA was elevated in I/R, but stayed similar in I/R + L and I/R + A compared to sham. I/R + A had significantly lower MDA compared to I/R. GSH levels did not differ significantly between the groups. ALT and AST were elevated in all I/R groups, but significant reduction was observed in I/R + L and I/R + A compared to I/R. Liver histopathology was mostly mild in I/R + L and I/R + A, in contrast to severe injury observed in the I/R group. Leptin and apelin preconditioning significantly reduced hepatic I/R injury in rats.     

纳洛酮对缺血再灌注心肌c-fos基因表达的影响

目的：研究纳洛酮对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响,从分子水平探讨心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护机制。方法：３０只大白兔分为三组：（１）对照组;（２）心肌缺血３０分钟再灌３０分钟组;（３）静注纳洛酮１０分钟后缺血３０分钟再灌３０分钟组。提取心肌总ＰＮＡ与经同位素标记的ｃ－ｆｏｓ ｃＤＮＡ探针进行分子杂交并自显影,测定ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因ｍＲ－ＮＡ水平。结果：纳洛酮能显著抑制心肌缺血再灌注时ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因的表达。结论：     

二氮嗪预处理对大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的观察二氮嗪预处理对在体大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的保护效果,并对其作用机制进行初步的探讨。方法健康SD大鼠14只,采用随机数余数分组法分为两组,对照组和二氮嗪预处理组,每组7只。二氮嗪预处理组按12.5mg/kg的剂量静脉注射二氮嗪溶液,对照组在心肌缺血前静脉注射等量溶媒溶液,结扎冠状动脉前降支致缺血2h,再灌注2h后取心脏,检测缺血心肌组织丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、心肌梗死面积,观察缺血区凋亡心肌细胞和心肌细胞超微结构的改变。结果二氮嗪预处理组缺血心肌组织MDA含量、心肌梗死区占缺血区的重量百分比和心肌细胞凋亡率明显低于对照组(P<0.05,0.01),心肌超微结构损伤明显轻于对照组。结论二氮嗪预处理对在体大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注损伤具有较好的保护作用。     

腺苷对犬体外循环后肺缺血—再灌注损伤的作用

目的　研究腺苷是否能减轻体外循环后肺组织损伤。　方法　12条犬随机分为实验组和对照组。建立体外循环模型,实验组使用腺苷(50μg/kg