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1.
无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤治疗分析   总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3  
目的探讨无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤保守与手术疗效差别以及手术时机的选择。方法 对1996年10月~2002年1月收治的无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤45例疗效进行探讨。结果 保守治疗病例脊髓功能恢复程度低。而手术治疗病例脊髓功能恢复程度较高,并县城越早手术脊髓功能改善率越高。手术均采用颈后路单开门椎管扩大成形术。结论 手术治疗效果显优于保守治疗,伤后1个月内手术效果最佳,伤后至手术时间越长,效果越差。  相似文献   

2.
无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的临床研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的比较手术和保守治疗无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤后,脊髓功能恢复程度的差异。方法回顾性分析28例无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤患者,其中13例行保守治疗,15例行手术治疗。根据损伤时日本骨科学会(JOA)评分,治疗后随访JOA评分,比较治疗前后JOA评分的增加幅度。结果治疗后3个月JOA评分的增加幅度:保守组为1.92±0.58,手术组为4.93±0.91,治疗后6个月JOA评分增加幅度:保守组为2.71±0.64,手术组为6.24±0.93;治疗后12个月JOA评分增加幅度:保守组为4.23±0.75,手术组为7.80±0.98。经t检验,两组差异均有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论手术治疗效果明显优于保守治疗,无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤一旦确诊,应当积极争取早期手术。  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨手术治疗无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的临床疗效。方法对80例无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤采用手术治疗,随访观察术后治疗效果。结果本组随访12~30个月,平均22.5个月。术后JOA评分较术前改善明显,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤根据颈脊髓的受压部位和损伤节段,选择合理的手术方式及正确操作,前、后路手术治疗均能获得较好的脊髓功能恢复。  相似文献   

4.
无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤的手术治疗   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
目的探讨无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤手术时机及手术方法的选择。方法24例无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤手术患者,根据手术时间分为A组(1周内手术)和B组(1周后手术)。根据损伤时日本骨科学会(JOA)评分、治疗后随访JOA评分,比较手术治疗前后A、B两组JOA评分增加幅度。结果所有患者脊髓功能均有不同程度恢复。A组患者脊髓功能恢复程度比B组好。结论手术治疗效果明显,手术疗效与手术时机有关,伤后至手术时间越短,效果越好。只要术式选择合理、手术操作正确,前后路手术均能获得脊髓神经功能不同程度恢复。  相似文献   

5.
无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的外科治疗   总被引:49,自引:6,他引:43  
目的:探讨无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的手术时机与术后近期疗效的关系。方法:对1992年8月至1997年7月应用单开门颈椎管扩大成形术治疗此类损伤107例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。术前情况视为保守治疗的结果。结果:69例伤后平均1.6个月脊髓功能恢复出现停滞并维持在较低水平,另外38例伤后平均6.2个月出现病情再次加重,手术后3周均明显改善。结论:手术治疗明显优于保守治疗效果,早期手术不仅可以明显改善脊髓的功能状况、缩短治疗周期,还可以避免后期发生创伤性脊髓病。  相似文献   

6.
目的:探讨颈椎管扩大成形术治疗无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的临床疗效。方法:对24例无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤患者行颈椎管扩大成形术,早期进行康复训练,比较患者在治疗前后ASIA评分及改善率,并与10例保守治疗者进行对比。结果:两组在治疗后感觉及运动功能较治疗前有明显提高(P<0.05)。但手术组疗效明显优于保守治疗组(P<0.01)。结:论对无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤患者早期施行减压及稳定手术可取得比保守治疗更好的效果。线锯法颈椎管扩大成形术结合早期康复训练为无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的治疗与功能恢复提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

7.
目的 比较手术和非手术治疗无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤后脊髓功能恢复程度的差异。方法 回顾性分析28例无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤患者,其中13例行非手术治疗, 15例行手术治疗,根据损伤时日本骨科学会(JOA)评分标准,经随访比较治疗前后JOA评分的增加幅度。结果 治疗后3个月JOA评分的增加幅度:非手术组为1. 92±0. 58,手术组为4. 93±0. 91,治疗后6个月JOA评分的增加幅度:非手术组为2. 71±0. 64,手术组为6. 24±0. 93;治疗后12个月JOA评分的增加幅度:非手术组为4. 23±0. 75,手术组为7. 80±0. 98。经t检验,两组差异均有非常显著性意义(P<0. 01)。结论 手术治疗效果明显优于非手术治疗,无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤一旦确诊,应积极争取早期手术。  相似文献   

8.
单开门椎管扩大成形术治疗无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
目的:探讨无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的治疗方法。方法:总结30例无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的病人经颈后路C3~C7单开门椎管扩大成形术的治疗效果。结果:本组患者术后3周时Frankle分级平均恢复2个等级,其中19例病人术后平均随访8个月时,又恢复1个等级。结论:无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤常伴有颈椎管狭窄、脊髓受压、脊髓水肿,单靠药物达不到减压消肿的目的,应尽早手术治疗。C3~C7单开门椎管扩大成形术是治疗无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的有效手段。  相似文献   

9.
[目的]比较保守与后路手术治疗无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤患者的临床效果。[方法] 2014~2017年本院收治56例入院诊断为无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤患者,男39例,女17例,年龄40~69岁,平均(52.37±11.62)岁。19例行保守治疗,37例行后路椎管开门减压手术,包括21例单纯减压,16例减压侧块螺钉固定融合术。采用脊髓损害Frankel分级及JOA评分对比分析判定脊髓功能恢复情况。[结果] 37例手术治疗患者均顺利手术,除单纯减压术1例切口浅表感染,经清创愈合外,未发生严重并发症。56例随访12~24个月,平均(18.53±6.35)个月。入院时两组患者Frankel评级的差异无统计学意义(P0.05),末次随访时手术组Frankel评级平均提高1.41级,保守组平均提高0.37级,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。入院时两组患者的JOA评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),末次随访时两组JOA评分均较入院时显著增加,差异有统计学意义,但末次随访时手术组JOA评分显著高于保守组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]对于无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤,实施颈椎后路手术减压或和内固定术可促进无骨折脱位型不完全性颈髓损伤神经功能恢复,临床效果优于保守治疗。  相似文献   

10.
无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤治疗方法的探讨   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
[目的]探讨无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤治疗方法的选择.[方法]对63例无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.根据脊髓损伤功能障碍程度分为轻度损伤组(Ⅰ)与重度损伤组(Ⅱ),其中轻度损伤组分为Ⅰa与Ⅰb两组.重度损伤组分为Ⅱa(非手术组)与Ⅱb(手术组)两组.应用ASIA残损分级及JOA评分对治疗前、后脊髓功能进行评定并计算其改善率;分析脊髓损伤程度及不同治疗方法与神经功能改善的关系.[结果]治疗前后脊髓损伤ASIA残损分级结果显示轻度损伤组非手术治疗后恢复良好,而重度损伤组手术治疗效果优于非手术治疗.治疗前后JOA评分其改善率Ⅰa与Ⅰb之间无显著性差异;Ⅰa、Ⅰb与Ⅱa之间改善率有显著性差异(P<0.01);Ⅱa与Ⅱb之间改善率有显著性差异(P<0.01).[结论]对于无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤,轻度脊髓损伤经保守治疗后可得到满意的效果,重度脊髓损伤保守治疗效果不理想,但手术治疗效果明显好于保守治疗.依据脊髓损伤功能障碍程度来选择无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的治疗方法,可能会得到更满意的效果.  相似文献   

11.
下颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤的外科手术入路选择   总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14  
Jin DD  Lu KW  Wang JX  Chen JT  Jiang JM 《中华外科杂志》2004,42(21):1303-1306
目的探讨下颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤的外科手术入路选择。方法回顾性分析54例下颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤患者行手术治疗的临床资料。其中颈椎压缩型骨折脱位29例,颈椎爆裂性骨折脱位7例,单侧小关节脱位3例,双侧小关节脱位15例。美国脊髓损伤学会(ASIA)评分:A级21例,B级5例,C级22例,D级6例。43例采用前路手术,11例采用后路手术。结果术中均无大血管、气管、食道、脊髓意外损伤。术后随访12~36个月,平均18个月。无一例发生钢板、螺钉松动、断裂等并发症。植骨于术后12周均获得骨性融合,无假关节、骨不连发生。96.3%患者术后获得完全复位,术后颈椎椎间高度、生理曲度无丢失。完全性脊髓损伤患者术后神经功能均无恢复,但上肢疼痛、麻木有不同程度的缓解。不完全性脊髓损伤患者术后神经功能均有一定恢复,平均ASIA评分提高1~2级。结论采用前路或后路手术治疗下颈椎骨折脱位均能达到良好的解剖复位,根据颈椎损伤的类型采取适合的手术入路是手术成功的关键。  相似文献   

12.
后路有限固定的前后路联合治疗陈旧性下颈椎交锁脱位   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的:探讨颈椎Ⅰ期前后路联合360°手术治疗难复性小关节交锁的陈旧性下颈椎脱位的临床疗效和应用价值。方法:自2004年3月至2010年8月,18例陈旧性下颈椎脱位患者,经三维CT检查16例有双侧关节突交锁,2例单侧关节突交锁;MRI检查发现,18例患者均有椎间盘损伤,其中2例为椎间盘突出,9例为椎间盘破裂,7例椎体骨折伴椎间盘破裂。所有患者均进行前后路联合360°手术。术后定期复查X线及CT以观察损伤节段的稳定性和融合率,以Frankel分级判定脊髓功能的恢复情况。结果:18例患者均获得随访,时间6~12个月,平均8.6个月。颈椎脱位均完全复位,无植骨不融合。未出现内固定断裂、松动及脱落,无血管、神经、食道损伤等并发症。神经损伤无加重,Frankel分级平均提高1.2级。结论:颈椎Ⅰ期前后路联合360°手术治疗难复性小关节交锁的陈旧性下颈椎脱位,可以完全恢复颈椎序列,解除颈髓压迫,损伤节段术后获得即刻稳定,不易造成脊髓损伤加重,可为脊髓功能恢复创造有利条件。  相似文献   

13.
Traumatic central cord syndrome: analysis of factors affecting the outcome   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
Yamazaki T  Yanaka K  Fujita K  Kamezaki T  Uemura K  Nose T 《Surgical neurology》2005,63(2):95-9; discussion 99-100
BACKGROUND: The indications and timing of treatment, as well as the best treatment method for traumatic central cord syndrome (CCS), remain controversial. The aims of this study are to determine the prognostic factors of traumatic CCS and to determine appropriate surgical indications. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical and radiological data of 47 patients with this syndrome. The data collected included age, neurological status as measured on a scale defined by the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the spinal canal on computed tomography, signal intensity change of the spinal cord on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), associated spinal diseases, and the type of treatment received. The correspondence between the clinical and radiological findings and the neurological outcome was investigated. RESULTS: The patient's age, JOA score on admission, signal intensity change of the spinal cord on MRI, and associated spinal diseases were not significant in predicting the patient's recovery. On the other hand, the AP diameter of the spinal canal (P = .0402) and the interval between injury and surgery (P < .0001) were factors predictive of excellent recovery. In the surgical treatment group, timely surgery was found to improve the outcome, while conservative treatment did not improve the outcome of patients with a low JOA score, a relatively small AP diameter of the spinal canal, or a positive signal intensity change of the spinal cord on T2-weighted MRI. CONCLUSION: The AP canal diameter of the spinal canal and the interval between injury and surgery may be reliable predictors of excellent recovery in patients with CCS. We recommend timely surgery, preferably within 2 weeks of injury, to achieve a better functional outcome in selected patients.  相似文献   

14.
Fehlings MG  Perrin RG 《Injury》2005,36(Z2):B13-B26
It remains controversial whether early decompression following spinal cord injury conveys a benefit in neurological outcome. The goal of this paper is to provide evidence-based recommendations regarding spinal cord decompression in patients with acute spinal cord injury. We performed a Medline search of experimental and clinical studies reporting on the effect of decompression on neurological outcome following spinal cord injury. Animal studies consistently show that neurological recovery is enhanced by early decompression. One randomized controlled trial showed no benefit to early (<72 h) decompression, however, several recent prospective series suggest that early decompression (<12 h) can be performed safely and may improve neurological outcomes. A recent meta-analysis showed that early decompression (<24 h) resulted in statistically better outcomes compared to both delayed decompression and conservative management. Currently, there are no standards regarding the role and timing of decompression in acute spinal cord injury. We recommend urgent decompression of bilateral locked facets in patients with incomplete tetraplegia or in patients with spinal cord injury experiencing neurological deterioration. Urgent decompression in acute cervical spinal cord injury remains a reasonable practice option and can be performed safely.  相似文献   

15.
Objectives:Despite many years of research, there is currently no treatment available that results in major neurological or functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). In particular, no conclusive data related to the role of the timing of decompressive surgery, and the impact of injury severity on its benefit, have been published to date. This paper presents a protocol that was designed to examine the hypothesized association between the timing of surgical decompression and the extent of neurological recovery in tSCI patients.Study design:The SCI-POEM study is a Prospective, Observational European Multicenter comparative cohort study. This study compares acute (<12?h) versus non-acute (>12?h, <2 weeks) decompressive surgery in patients with a traumatic spinal column injury and concomitant spinal cord injury. The sample size calculation was based on a representative European patient cohort of 492 tSCI patients. During a 4-year period, 300 patients will need to be enrolled from 10 trauma centers across Europe. The primary endpoint is lower-extremity motor score as assessed according to the 'International standards for neurological classification of SCI' at 12 months after injury. Secondary endpoints include motor, sensory, imaging and functional outcomes at 3, 6 and 12 months after injury.Conclusion:In order to minimize bias and reduce the impact of confounders, special attention is paid to key methodological principles in this study protocol. A significant difference in safety and/or efficacy endpoints will provide meaningful information to clinicians, as this would confirm the hypothesis that rapid referral to and treatment in specialized centers result in important improvements in tSCI patients.  相似文献   

16.
目的根据伤后颈脊髓MRI不同表现对无骨折脱位颈脊髓损伤(CSCIWFD)采取不同的治疗策略,观察临床疗效和安全性,分析疗效差异原因并探讨治疗方案选择。方法回顾分析接受治疗并获得完整随访的56例中老年CSCIWFD患者的临床资料。对颈椎MRI提示有颈髓受压伴髓内高信号且有神经症状者建议手术,对颈髓无压迫伴或不伴髓内高信号者建议非手术治疗。按治疗建议和患者选择分为3组:建议手术且患者接受手术组(A组,39例),建议手术但患者拒绝手术组(B组,11例),非手术治疗组(C组,6例)。神经功能评估按ASIA分级,对3组治疗后神经功能的恢复结果进行比较。结果患者均获得随访,时间20~88个月。结果显示,神经功能改善情况A组好于B组,C组神经功能改善满意。结论颈髓MRI表现是中老年CSCIWFD患者是否手术的重要参考依据。颈髓受压或颈髓接触伴髓内高信号,手术治疗效果优于非手术治疗;如颈髓无压迫、无明显失稳,即使有神经症状且髓内有高信号,应采用非手术治疗。  相似文献   

17.
[目的]探讨跳水致颈髓损伤早期综合治疗的临床效果。[方法]2001~2005年27例跳水致颈脊髓损伤患者,其中脊髓完全性损伤15例,脊髓不完全性损伤12例。早期综合治疗方案包括:(1)全身治疗:维持呼吸道通畅和有效循环血容量,保证收缩压在90mmHg以上;血氧饱和度在90%以上;(2)早期应用大剂量甲基强的松龙或地塞米松等药物治疗;(3)颅骨牵引制动或颈椎复位;(4)早期进行手术减压植骨融合内固定术;(5)术后早期行高压氧治疗。术后定期复查x线片观察损伤节段的稳定性和植骨融合率以及有无内固定并发症。以ASIA分级标准和感觉、运动评分判定脊髓神经功能恢复情况。[结果]27例患者随访6~36个月,平均28个月;本组病例无术中、术后并发症,切口愈合良好;术后3个月复查x线片,损伤节段稳定,植骨融合良好,无钢板断裂、螺钉松动脱落等现象。13例患者神经功能获得改善,总有效率为48.1%,其中完全性损伤组有效率为20%,不完全性损伤组有效率为83.3%。完全性损伤患者ASIA分级变化不明显,但其评分较入院时可有相应的增加,不完全性损伤患者ASIA分级和感觉运动评分均有明显的提高。[结论]颈髓损伤后早期综合治疗可以促进脊髓神经功能恢复。  相似文献   

18.
扩大半椎板切除术治疗颈脊髓损伤   总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11  
Xu S  Liu S  Sun T  Liu Z 《中华外科杂志》1999,37(10):607-609,I037
OBJECTIVE: To treat cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) accompanied with narrowing spinal canal by expanded hemilaminectomy. METHODS: From 1995 January to 1998 April 51 patients of cervical SCI were treated by expanded hemilaminectomy. Spinal injury classified in to 3 types: no fracture-dislocation (39 patients) fracture dislocation at the lower cervical spine (11), and burst fracture (1). The types of SCI included central cord injury (18 patients) incomplete cord injury (19), and complete cord injury (14). MR imaging in 23 patients showed degenerative changes with normal intensity of the cord in 14 patients, multiple level hyperintensity in 3, cystic changes in 3, myelomalasia in 3, and cord brocken in 1. Expanded hemilaminectomy was performed in 24 hours in 3 patients, in 48 hours in 9, in one week in 2, after one week in 35, and after one year in 2. The left or right laminae were removed from C(7) to C(3) in 42 patients, C(3) - T(1) in 3, C(2) - C(7) in 2, C(3) - C(6) in 3 and C(4) - C(7) in 3. Hemilaminectomy was expanded lateral to the inner of apophyseal joint and medial to the inner lamina beneath the spinal process. RESULTS: Follow-up lasted for 1 year and 7 months. Six patients with complete cord injury had of the no recovery lower extremity but recovery of the brachialis and extensor radial longus. 12 patients of central cord injury had full recovery except intrinsic muscles of the hand (5). They operated were on 2 weeks after injury. 17 patients of incomplete cord injury recovered to Frankel IV. CONCLUSIONS: Expanded hemilaminectomy is indicated for patients of cervical SCI with narrowing spinal canal or without fracture dislocation. Best results can be obtained in patients of central cord injury, and incomplete cord injury. Even in complete cord injury, 1 - 2 forearm muscle may recover (24.8%), securing a pinch grip reconstruction.  相似文献   

19.

Background

Even though the number of patients with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) without major bone injury is increased, the treatment with either surgery or conservative measures remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess its prognostic value in the prediction of useful motor recovery and to clarify whether the patients should be treated surgically are present.

Methods

We reviewed 63 patients (conservative, n = 36; surgery, n = 27) with CSCI without major bone injury (Frankel A-C). Neurological examination using modified Frankel grade at admission and 6 months after injury and International Stoke Mandeville Games (ISMG) classification at subacute phase after injury, MRI findings including rate of spinal cord compression, extent of cord damage and type of signal intensity change were assessed.

Results

Thirty-five of 63 patients were improved to walk at 6 months after injury. In multivariate analysis, rate of spinal cord compression, extent of cord damage and improvement of ISMG grade were associated with useful motor recovery. There was no difference in the neurological improvement between conservative and surgical groups. However, patients with spinal cord compression of ≥33.2% showed better motor recovery at 6 months post-injury after surgery than those treated conservatively. There was a positive correlation between the improvement of ISMG grade at subacute phase and Frankel grade at 6 months post-injury. It is difficult to obtain satisfactory surgical outcome for patients with Frankel A or B1 on admission and/or extensive spinal cord damage on T2-weighted image.

Conclusions

Conservative treatment is recommended for patients with CSCI without major bone injury. However, we also recommend surgical treatment to acquire walking ability for patients with spinal cord compression of ≥33.2% and low ISMG grade at subacute phase. Among such patients, careful consideration should be given to patients with Frankel A or B1 and/or extensive spinal cord damage on MRI.  相似文献   

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