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1.
桡神经麻痹(radial nerve palsy,RNP)是肱骨干骨折常见的并发症,发生率为11.8%[1],多数病例可自行恢复,是否早期探查存在争议.本文就合并肱骨干骨折的桡神经麻痹的治疗进展作一综述.  相似文献   

2.
目的 比较肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤一期桡神经探查与保守治疗的疗效.方法 1995年3月至2005年10月共收治且有完整随访资料的86例肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤患者,男63例,女23例;年龄15~66岁,平均34.0岁.根据对桡神经损伤治疗方法的不同分为两组,其中一期桡神经探查(A组)52例,一期保守治疗(B组)34例,比较两组患者的神经功能恢复时间及恢复率.结果 86例患者术后获6~103个月(平均31.2个月)随访.A组52例中有4例(7.7%)需二次手术;最终50例(96.2%)神经功能完全恢复,1例(1.9%)部分恢复,1例(1.9%)无恢复.B组34例中30例(88.2%)神经功能自发性恢复,4例(11.8%)需二期神经探查;最终33例(97.1%)神经功能完全恢复,1例(2.9%)部分恢复.两组神经功能恢复率比较差异无统计学意义(x2=0.050,P=1.000).A组神经功能开始恢复时间及完全恢复时间平均分别为(5.3±4.1)、(14.7±8.2)周,B组分别为(4.5±3.9)、(11.6±8.7)周,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤选择保守治疗与一期神经探查具有相当的神经功能恢复率,桡神经损伤不影响肱骨干骨折治疗方式的选择,对闭合性肱骨干骨折合并的桡神经损伤采取保守治疗是一种良好的选择.  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨不同疗法治疗肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤的临床效果。方法选取2012-01—2014-01间收治的60例肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤患者,依据不同治疗方法分为2组。A组35例实施早期桡神经探查治疗,B组25例实施保守治疗。观察2组的治疗效果。结果 A组优良率为88.6%,B组优良率为80.0%。A组术后随访时间为(12.2±2.3)个月,骨折愈合时间为(4.1±0.3)个月。B组术后随访时间为(12.1±2.4)个月,骨折愈合时间为(4.0±0.2)个月。2组患者术后无1例发生延迟愈合或者骨不连。2组差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤患者给予早期桡神经探查或采取保守治疗均能够提高整体治疗效果,促进神经功能的恢复。  相似文献   

4.
周忠华 《骨科》2011,2(4):199-200
目的 探讨肱骨干骨折伴随桡神经麻痹的最佳治疗方法.方法 本文回顾性分析了我科1995年5月~2009年5月内收治的96例肱骨干骨折伴随挠神经麻痹患者的治疗及结果.结果 所有96例患者平均在伤后8周达到临床和放射学上的骨愈合.92例桡神经麻痹患者在损伤后3~24周(平均6周)开始最初的自发性恢复;另4名患者神经功能没有任...  相似文献   

5.
目的报告1例脑外伤合并肱骨干骨折伴迟发性挠神经损伤治疗体会。方法脑外伤合并肱骨干折出现迟发性桡神经损伤,术中彻底松解神经,去除神经周围骨痂,术后早期锻炼。结果早期内固定,神经松解,术后早期功能锻炼,神经功能恢复良好。结论脑外伤合并肱骨干骨折伴迟发性桡神经损伤需尽可能早期行内固定治疗,若无法早期内固定,需行外固定骨折端,然后择期选择合适内固定、彻底松解神经,早期功能锻炼促进神经功能恢复。  相似文献   

6.
分叉式交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折   总被引:21,自引:6,他引:15  
目的报告肱骨分叉式交锁髓内钉(BLIN型钉)治疗肱骨干骨折的疗效。方法用BLIN型钉治疗肱骨干骨折20例,钢板治疗肱骨干骨折29例,分别从手术情况、并发症、生物力学、骨折愈合情况、功能恢复等方面进行比较。结果随访4~16个月,钢板组平均骨折愈合时间4.2月,术后桡神经麻痹4例,螺钉松动、钢板弯曲1例,骨不连2例。BLIN型钉组平均骨折愈合时间9.6月,术后无一例发生桡神经麻痹,无一例钢钉折弯或断裂,骨折愈合牢固可靠,功能恢复良好。结论肱骨分叉式交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折,虽然骨折愈合时间较钢板长,但其他方面均优于钢板。  相似文献   

7.
《中国矫形外科杂志》2017,(22):2055-2060
[目的]对比顺行锁定髓内钉和动力加压钢板治疗肱骨干骨折的临床结果,并为以后此类骨折的治疗提供更可信的证据。[方法]计算机检索Cochrane library、Medline、Embase、CNKI等数据库网站,检索2016年12月以前有关顺行锁定髓内钉和动力加压钢板治疗肱骨干骨折的文献,筛选文献后采用Revman 5.0软件进行分析,获得两种方法治疗肱骨干骨折的临床结果。[结果]最初搜索文献472篇,经过筛选后最终有8篇纳入研究,共计完成随访患者373例,其中顺行髓内钉治疗者187例,动力加压钢板治疗者186例。Meta分析表明,顺行锁定髓内钉组患者术后感染率明显低于动力加压钢板组[OR=0.34,95%CI(0.12,0.98),P=0.05],但前者肩部撞击征与再次手术率明显高于后者[OR=7.81,95%CI(2.51,24.33),P<0.001;OR=2.61,95%CI(1.19,5.72),P=0.02],术后桡神经损伤与骨折不愈合率,两者之间差异无统计学意义。[结论]与顺行锁定髓内钉相比,动力加压钢板治疗肱骨干骨折可以降低肩部撞击征与再次手术发生率,但却增加了术后感染的发生率;术后桡神经损伤及骨折不愈合方面,两者差异无统计学意义。  相似文献   

8.
钢板内固定和髓内钉固定治疗肱骨干骨折的系统评价   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
[目的]对钢板内固定与髓内钉固定治疗成人肱骨干骨折的疗效进行系统评价.[方法]在Pubmed、Co-chrane Library、EMBASE、Science Direct以及CNKI、CBM、中国医学学术会议论文数据库等网站进行检索.文献检索起止时间为1995年1月~2010年9月.再对入选文献的参考文献进行手工检索.系统收集钢板内固定和髓内钉固定治疗肱骨干骨折的相关文献,并按临床科研方法的国际通用原则进行阅读和评价.采用Cochrane协作网提供的软件Revman 4.2进行Meta-分析,以获得钢板内固定和髓内钉固定治疗肱骨干骨折的疗效及其安全性指标的相关证据.[结果]共检索到192篇原始文献,有6篇符合最终的入选标准,总计随访患者335例.Meta分析结果表明,钢板内固定与髓内钉固定比较,可显著降低再次手术发生率但是增加术后感染率.[结论]钢板内固定可显著降低再次手术发生率但是增加术后感染率.在骨折不愈合率、医源性神经损伤等方面,两者差异无统计学意义.因本次系统评价纳入病例数较少,尚需要更多设计严谨的大样本随机对照研究来增加证据的论证强度.  相似文献   

9.
肱骨干骨折后桡神经麻痹是临床上常见的骨折合并症,如何处理在学术界意见不一,有主张早期探查神经;骨折不需手术者先观察,待骨折愈合后再决定是否探查神经;对神经观察的时间亦不一致。为此讨论对该问题的体会。  相似文献   

10.
目的前瞻性对比研究带锁髓内钉和带锁加压钢板(LCP)治疗肱骨干骨折的临床效果。方法随机将49例分成两组(髓内钉28例;LCP组21例)。患者全部为新鲜肱骨干骨折,骨折部位距肱骨外科颈至少3cm,距尺骨鹰嘴大于5cm。临床疗效评价包括手术时间、出血量、骨折愈合情况、桡神经恢复、感染和肘关节、肩关节不适症状,影像学评价包括骨折力线、愈合时间、延长愈合和不愈合的发生率。结果平均随访1.5年。LCP组19例(90.5)骨折在16周后愈合,髓内钉组24例(85.7)在16周后愈合(P=0.70)。肩关节疼痛和肩关节活动受限在髓内钉组发生明显(P<0.05),而LCP组未发现这种情况。LCP组肘关节的活动范围明显减少(P<0.05),尤其是肱骨干远端1/3骨折患者。两组总并发症发生率比较无明显差异。结论对于需要手术治疗的肱骨干骨折,髓内钉和LCP都能使骨折稳定以达到最终愈合。  相似文献   

11.
The management of radial nerve palsy associated with fractures of the shaft of the humerus has been disputed for several decades. This study has systematically reviewed the published evidence and developed an algorithm to guide management. We searched web-based databases for studies published in the past 40 years and identified further pages through manual searches of the bibliography in papers identified electronically. Of 391 papers identified initially, encompassing a total of 1045 patients with radial nerve palsy, 35 papers met all our criteria for eligibility. Meticulous extraction of the data was carried out according to a preset protocol. The overall prevalence of radial nerve palsy after fracture of the shaft of the humerus in 21 papers was 11.8% (532 palsies in 4517 fractures). Fractures of the middle and middle-distal parts of the shaft had a significantly higher association with radial nerve palsy than those in other parts. Transverse and spiral fractures were more likely to be associated with radial nerve palsy than oblique and comminuted patterns of fracture (p < 0.001). The overall rate of recovery was 88.1% (921 of 1045), with spontaneous recovery reaching 70.7% (411 of 581) in patients treated conservatively. There was no significant difference in the final results when comparing groups which were initially managed expectantly with those explored early, suggesting that the initial expectant treatment did not affect the extent of nerve recovery adversely and would avoid many unnecessary operations. A treatment algorithm for the management of radial nerve palsy associated with fracture of the shaft of the humerus is recommended by the authors.  相似文献   

12.
GY Liu  CY Zhang  HW Wu 《Orthopedics》2012,35(8):702-708
As a result of reading this article, physicians should be able to:1.Become familiar with the available treatment approaches for radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fractures.2.Understand the strengths and limitations of the current treatment approaches for radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fractures.3.Become familiar with the available evidence regarding the effectiveness of operative and nonoperative treatment for radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fractures.4.Understand when operative or nonoperative management of radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fractures may be appropriate.The optimal treatment approach for the initial management of radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fractures has yet to be conclusively determined. The authors performed a systematic review of the literature to identify studies that compared the outcomes after initial nonoperative and operative management for radial nerve palsy associated with acute humeral shaft fractures. A meta-analysis of the data from these studies was also performed to determine whether recovery from radial nerve palsy was more favorable in one approach compared with the other. The primary outcome was recovery from radial nerve palsy and the secondary outcome was complaints after treatment. Nine articles (1 prospective observational and 8 retrospective) were included in the meta-analyses. Operative management showed no improved recovery from radial nerve palsy compared with nonoperative management. Nonoperative management was associated with a decreased risk of complaints relative to operative management. Recovery from radial nerve palsy associated with acute humeral shaft fractures is not influenced by the initial management approach.  相似文献   

13.
A series of 78 fractures of the humeral shaft is presented that were treated operatively between 1978 and 1987. Open fractures, fractures with primary palsy of the radial nerve, distal fractures with an intraarticular component, fractures in polytraumatized patients and non-unions were absolute indications for operative stabilization in this series. In 71 fractures, internal stabilization was performed and in 7 fractures external fixation. In 16 fractures (20.6%), primary palsy of the radial nerve was present. In 10 patients (12.8%), radial nerve palsy appeared postoperatively. Nonunions and deep infections did not occur. In two cases, a second osteosynthesis was necessary after loosening of the implants. The humeral shaft fracture shows normal bony consolidation after conservative treatment as well as appropriate plate osteosynthesis. Nine of the 16 patients with primary radial nerve palsy (56.2%) and 6 of the 10 patients with secondary radial nerve palsy (60%) had total functional recovery. In our series, intraoperative palsy of the radial nerve was the most frequent complication after dissection of spiroid fractures in the middle or lower third of the humeral shaft. In this fracture form, a more unstable osteosynthesis, such as intramedullary pinning in accordance to Hackethal, should be chosen.  相似文献   

14.
《Injury》2023,54(6):1636-1640
IntroductionRadial nerve palsy following fracture of the humeral shaft is common. However, the incidence of nerve transection in the setting of ballistic trauma is unknown. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of radial nerve transection after ballistic fracture of the humerus.MethodsPatients presenting to an urban, level-1 trauma center with a ballistic fracture of the humeral shaft were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical exam on presentation, and operative data were reviewed to determine the incidence of radial nerve palsy on initial examination, the incidence of operative treatment, the incidence of how frequently the nerve was directly visualized, and the incidence of radial nerve transection.ResultsOne-hundred and thirteen ballistic humeral shaft fractures were identified. Of these, 30 (26.5%) patients had a complete radial nerve palsy on exam. Of patients with a radial nerve palsy, on exam 20 were taken to the operating room and the nerve was visualized in 17 of those cases. There 2 were partially lacerated nerves and 12 nerves were completely transected. Thus, in patients with a complete nerve deficit on examination who underwent operative treatment with nerve exploration, the rate of nerve transection was 70.6%. The lower bound rate of nerve transection for all patients with radial nerve palsy (assuming all unexplored nerves were intact) was 40.0%.ConclusionThe rate of nerve transection in patients with humerus shaft fractures with associated radial nerve palsies is likely higher than the rate of nerve transection in similar injuries caused by blunt mechanisms. The authors recommend early exploration and fixation of these injuries.  相似文献   

15.

Patients and methods  

This single center retrospective study reviews the management and outcomes of 117 consecutive patients with humeral shaft fractures and associated radial nerve palsy (RNP) treated over a 20-year period (1986–2006). A total of 101 fractures were managed conservatively and 16 fractures underwent external fixation for poor bony alignment. Sixteen grade 1 and 2 open fractures underwent wound toileting alone. No patients underwent initial radial nerve exploration or opening of the fracture sites.  相似文献   

16.
Radial nerve palsy is the most common neurological involvement in humeral shaft fractures.But combined radial and median nerve injury in a closed diaphyseal fracture of the humerus is rare.Combined injury to both radial and median nerve can cause significant disability.A detailed clinical examination is therefore necessary following humeral shaft fractures.We report a patient with closed diaphyseal humeral fracture (AO 12A-2.3) together with radial and median nerve palsy,its management and review of the literature.As the patient had two nerves involved,surgical exploration was planned.Fracture was reduced and fixed with a 4.5 mm narrow dynamic compression pla te.There was no external injury to both radial and median nerves on surgical exploration.Neurological recovery started at 3 weeks' follow-up.Complete recovery was seen at 12 weeks.Careful clinical examination is of the utmost importance in early diagnosis of combined nerve injuries,which allows better management and rehabilitation of the patient.  相似文献   

17.

Background

Radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fractures is the most common nerve lesion complicating fractures of long bones. The purpose of the study was to review the outcome of surgical management in patients with low energy and high energy radial nerve palsy after humeral shaft fractures.

Methods

Eighteen patients were treated operatively for a humeral shaft fracture with radial nerve palsy. The mean age was 32.2 years and the mean follow up time was 66.1 months (range: 30-104). The surgical management included fracture fixation with early nerve exploration and repair if needed. The patients were divided in two groups based on the energy of trauma (low vs. high trauma energy). The prevalence of injured and unrecovered nerves and time to nerve recovery were analysed.

Results

Five patients sustained low and 13 high energy trauma. All patients with low energy trauma had an intact (4) or entrapped (1) radial nerve and recovered completely. Full nerve recovery was also achieved in five of 13 patients with high energy trauma where the nerve was found intact or entrapped. Signs of initial recovery were present in a mean of 3.2 weeks (range: 1-8) for the low energy group and 12 weeks (range: 3-23) for the high energy group (p = 0.036). In these patients, the average time to full recovery was 14 and 26 weeks for the low and high energy trauma group respectively. Eight patients with high energy trauma had severely damaged nerves and failed to recover, although microsurgical nerve reconstruction was performed in 4 cases. Patients with high energy trauma had a prolonged fracture healing time (18.7 weeks on average) compared to those with low energy fractures (10.4 weeks), (p = 0.003).

Conclusions

The outcome of the radial nerve palsy following humeral fractures is associated to the initial trauma. Palsies that are part of a low energy fracture uniformly recover and therefore primary surgical exploration seems unnecessary. In high energy fractures, neurotmesis or severe contusion must be expected. In this case nerve recovery is unfavourable and the patients should be informed of the poor prognosis and the need of tendon transfers.  相似文献   

18.
《Injury》2022,53(10):3339-3343
BackgroundPostoperative radial nerve palsy (RNP) is a well-known complication of nonunion reconstruction of the humerus. The purpose of the current study is to determine if the surgical approach for nonunion reconstruction of the humerus influences the rate of postoperative radial nerve palsy.MethodsA retrospective case-control study of all humeral shaft and extraarticular distal humerus nonunion reconstructions performed between January 1, 2004, and August 31, 2021, was conducted. Patients included were over 18 years of age, had a non-pathologic humerus fracture nonunion and had intact radial nerve function prior to nonunion reconstruction. Exclusion criteria consisted of nonunions involving the proximal humerus, intraarticular fractures, and reconstructive treatment procedures with either intramedullary nail or external fixation methods. Perioperative variables were recorded and analyzed in regard to the development of postoperative RNP. A subgroup analysis was performed to assess the interaction of significant variables on the development of postoperative RNP.ResultsThe overall rate of postoperative RNP in this series was 6/53 (11%). However, no cases of postoperative radial nerve palsy were observed in patients who underwent nonunion reconstruction with a lateral paratricipital approach. A new RNP was seen in 4/9 (44%) of those patients who underwent a triceps splitting approach, which was significantly higher than those utilizing either an anterolateral approach (2/28, 7%) or a lateral paratricipital approach (0/16, 0%, p = 0.007).Discussion and conclusionOur data suggests that the lateral paratricipital exposure decreases the risk of radial nerve injury with nonunion reconstruction of the humerus. The lateral paratricipital exposure offers the benefit of radial nerve exploration, decompression, neurolysis and protection prior to fracture manipulation and instrumentation. This study shows conventional approaches may predispose patients to a high rate of postoperative RNP, similar to that in the literature.  相似文献   

19.
Persistent secondary radial nerve palsy following open reduction and plating of humeral shaft fractures is rare, as the nerve is usually identified and protected throughout surgery. However, it is very difficult to identify and protect the radial nerve during medial and posteromedial approaches and closed intramedullary nailing, thus increasing the risk of damaging it. This case of interfragmentary radial nerve compression at the fracture site occurred during posteromedial plating of a laterally displaced and angulated segmental fracture of the middle and distal thirds of the humeral shaft. Exploration and nerve grafting was later required to regain function. It is important that the radial nerve be identified and protected in fixation of humeral shaft fractures with high-risk fracture configurations.  相似文献   

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