经结节间沟入路应用肱骨近端内锁定系统钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的：观察经结节间沟入路应用肱骨近端内锁定系统钢板治疗肱骨近端Neer 2、3部分骨折的疗效。方法：回顾性分析2015年7月至2018年1月采用经结节间沟入路应用肱骨近端内锁定系统钢板治疗肱骨近端Neer 2、3部分骨折15例,男7例,女8例;年龄23~67岁,平均46岁;左侧5例,右侧10例;Neer 2部分骨折7例,Neer 3部分骨折8例。术前和术后随访均拍摄X线片及CT以评估骨折的位置和骨折愈合的情况。临床评价包括Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分、手术并发症的分析。15例均应用肱骨近端内锁定系统钢板治疗,术后均采用Constant-Murley评分评定肩关节功能。结果：15例均获随访,时间14~36个月,骨折全部愈合,愈合时间14~26周,平均19.1周。术后均无肱骨头坏死、腋神经损伤、骨折不愈合等并发症发生。术后3个月Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分72~94分,平均81分,优2例,良13例。结论：采用经结节间沟入路应用肱骨近端内锁定系统钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折手术操作简单,损伤小,术后肩关节功能恢复快。     

改良PHILOS钢板治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折的疗效观察

目的 探讨改良PHILOS钢板结合可吸收缝线治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折的疗效。方法 对我院2016年4月至2018年1月收治的124例老年复杂肱骨近端骨折病人进行回顾性分析，其中男42例，女82例，年龄为60~83岁，平均年龄为74.3岁。根据Neer分型，三部分骨折80例，四部分骨折44例，其中32例伴有肩关节脱位，均为闭合性骨折。手术采用胸大肌与三角肌间隙入路，均应用改良PHILOS钢板固定骨折，1号可吸收缝线固定肩袖止点于钢板缝合孔，其中57例进行人工骨植骨。术后3个月复查时应用Constant-Murley评分表对病人肩关节功能进行评定。结果 病例获得6~24个月的随访，平均随访14.5个月。103例病人肱骨近端骨折及肩关节脱位获得满意复位，未发生内固定失效、肩峰撞击综合征、术后感染等并发症。有8例发生肱骨头坏死，其中2例三部分骨折，6例四部分骨折，后期行半肩关节置换。有13例病人术后1个月复查出现肩关节半脱位，给予吊带固定2个月后得到改善。术后3个月复查时Constant-Murley评分为（84.3±1.2）分，优42例，良56例，可19例，差7例，优良率为79.0%。结论 应用改良PHILOS钢板结合可吸收缝线治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折可以获得良好治疗效果，有临床推广价值。     

锁定加压钢板和普通钢板治疗老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折的疗效分析对比

目的 分析比较锁定加压钢板和普通钢板治疗老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折的疗效.方法 32例老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折的患者,17例应用锁定加压钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折,15例应用普通钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折,并对结果进行分析对比.结果 经12～18个月随访,平均13.7个月.锁定加压钢板组较普通钢板组在手术时间、出血量等方面均有优势;按照Neer肩关节评分标准,术后锁定加压钢板组优于普通钢板组;术后并发症对比,锁定加压钢板组较普通钢板组少.结论 锁定加压钢板治疗老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折具有创伤小、骨折愈合率高、并发症少等优点,是一种理想的治疗方法.     

锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨干合并肱骨近端骨折八例

目的探讨锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨干合并肱骨近端骨折的方法及疗效。方法使用锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨干合并肱骨近端骨折8例。结果术后患者随访6~18个月,骨折全部愈合,无肱骨头坏死、内固定松动、拔出及断裂,无血管、神经损伤情况,术后肩关节功能采用Neer评分评价:优5例,良2例,可1例。结论锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨干合并肱骨近端骨折具有固定牢固、损伤小、复位满意、愈合率高等优点,是目前比较理想的一种治疗方法,值得临床推广。     

LPHP与传统钢板治疗肱骨近端骨质疏松性骨折的疗效对比研究

目的：探讨肱骨近端锁定加压钢板（LPHP）治疗肱骨近端骨质疏松性骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析梅州市人民医院2009年3月至2012年4月收治的136例骨质疏松性肱骨近端骨折患者的临床资料,其中68例采用传统三叶草钢板内固定术（对照组）,另68例采用LPHP技术（观察组）。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、并发症发生率、术后肩关节活动范围及肩关节Neer功能评分。结果136例患者获得有效随访6～10个月（平均7.6个月）。患者肱骨骨折均愈合,观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间及并发症发生率均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;术后3、6个月,观察组肩关节各活动范围均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组术后6个月肩关节Neer功能评分及优良率均优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论与传统钢板比较,LPHP治疗肱骨近端骨质疏松性骨折可缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量,促进骨折愈合,术后并发症少,治疗安全稳固,值得临床推广。     

锁定钢板结合内侧柱植骨支撑治疗中老年肱骨近端骨折

目的 探讨采用锁定钢板固定的同时取髂骨植骨支撑内侧柱的方法,治疗中老年肱骨近端骨折的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2011年01月至2014年6月采用锁定钢板固定的同时取髂骨植骨支撑内侧柱治疗肱骨近端骨折26例。与既往未行植骨支撑相比较,比较内容包括骨折愈合时间、1年后肩关节Constant评分、肱骨头内翻角度、严重并发症发生率等。结果 植骨支撑组骨折愈合时间比未植骨支撑组平均缩短5.0周;1年后植骨支撑组肩关节Constant评分比未植骨支撑组高5.8分;植骨支撑组肱骨头内翻角度比未植骨支撑组减少4.5°;植骨支撑组未发生严重并发症,未植骨支撑组发生1例螺钉穿出肱骨头关节面,并出现肱骨头坏死。差异均有统计学意义。结论 治疗中老年肱骨近端骨折,特别是骨质疏松内侧柱粉碎性骨折者,应该取髂骨植骨行内侧柱支撑。     

锁定加压钢板与解剖型钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折疗效比较研究

目的：对比分析锁定加压钢板与解剖型钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床效果,探讨合适的肱骨近端骨折内固定方法。方法对2007年1月至2013年1月苏州市第七人民医院收治的63例肱骨近端骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中31例采用锁定加压钢板固定,32例行解剖型钢板固定。观察术后并发症发生情况,根据Neer评分标准对疗效进行评定。结果锁定加压钢板组25例患者获得有效随访,随访时间6～36个月,平均随访时间16个月;解剖型钢板组29例患者获得有效随访,随访时间7～48个月,平均随访时间26个月。锁定加压钢板组术后肩关节功能Neer评分优良率优于解剖型钢板组,但两组比较,差异无统计学意义（96% vs 90%,P＞0.05）。解剖型钢板组1例患者发生肱骨头坏死、吸收,2例出现螺钉松动、部分拔出。两组均未出现断钉、再骨折移位、骨折不愈合、桡神经损伤、腋神经损伤等术后并发症。结论锁定加压钢板和解剖型钢板内固定均能有效治疗肱骨近端骨折,但锁定加压钢板内固定并发症少,更加安全可靠。     

PHILOS钢板在肱骨近端骨折治疗中的应用

目的 探讨PHILOS钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的疗效.方法采用PHILOS钢板治疗34例肱骨近端骨折患者.结果 失访6例,28例获得随访,时间2～24个月.患者均获得骨性愈合.术后12个月按Constant-Murley评分标准评定临床疗效：优9例,良16例,可3例.结论 PHILOS钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折,手术创伤小,骨折愈合快,肩关节功能恢复良好,是治疗肱骨近端骨折特别是合并骨质疏松患者的理想术式.     

锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折

目的 探讨应用锁定钢板治疗老年骨质疏松性肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的临床效果。方法 对我科在2007年1月~2009年1月应用肱骨近端加压锁定钢板(Locking proximal humeral plate, LPHP)治疗26例肱骨近端粉碎性骨折进行回顾性分析。按Neer分型,3部分骨折19例,4部分骨折7例,均为新鲜骨折。结果 术后随访24例,随访时间9~24个月,骨折全部愈合,无肱骨头缺血性坏死。以Neer评分评估其功能,优良率达83.33%。结论 锁定加压钢板治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折稳定牢固,疗效满意。     

3D技术辅助下半肩置换治疗老年性肱骨近端粉碎性Neer Ⅳ型骨折

目的：观察比较借助3D打印技术行半肩置换术与切开复位锁定钢板治疗中老年性肱骨近端粉碎性骨折（Neer Ⅳ型）的肩关节功能、并发症、临床效果。方法：2012年3月至2018年4月收治31例中老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折（Neer Ⅳ型）,男4例,女27例;年龄55～94岁,平均71岁;病程1～3年。其中采用切开复位锁定钢板内固定（ORIF组）20例,采用3D打印技术辅助下半肩置换术（HA组）11例。通过CT数据借助Mimics软件,在计算机上模拟骨折重建,测量出骨折端到肱骨头高度,大结节到肱骨头高度,肱骨头后倾角,辅助半肩置换。术后随访,行X线检查,观察两组并发症发生率,并对肩关节功能进行Neer评分。结果：31例患者获得随访,时间1～3年,平均2年。HA组无假体松动、断裂和下沉,人工肱骨头完好,大小结节骨折不愈合1例,Neer评分84.18±3.55;ORIF组肱骨近端骨吸收8例,骨折不愈合1例,内固定松动1例,Neer评分55.91±10.78;两组肩关节功能Neer评分比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：3D技术辅助半肩置换与切复锁定钢板固定治疗中老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折（Neer Ⅳ型）并发症少,功能恢复较切复内固定好。     

Use of 2.0 mini plate system as reduction plate

Fracture stabilization and reduction using temporary plates during intramedullary tibial nailing was introduced as a novel concept in fracture surgery by Benirschke et al. (Orthop Trans 18:1055–1056, 1995). The concept of temporary reduction using one-third tubular plates proved useful in aiding metaphyseal and periarticular fracture fixation also. However, planning the strategic location of final plate was the main limitation with this technique using one-third tubular plates. We used 2.0 mini plates as provisional reduction plates that solved the issue of planning and placement of plates. The main advantage of our technique is that the final definitive plate can be applied directly over the mini plates. Here, we will describe our technique using relevant fracture case in metaphyseal–periarticular location.     

Effect of urethral plate characteristics on tubularized incised plate urethroplasty

PURPOSE: We determined outcomes of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty based on preoperative urethral plate configuration or width. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of consecutive prepubertal boys undergoing tubularized incised plate distal hypospadias repair were reviewed. The urethral plate was characterized as flat, cleft or deep, and results in each group were noted. In addition, the width of the plate after separation from the glans wings before midline incision was measured in some patients, with outcomes determined according to those less than 8 mm versus 8 mm or greater. RESULTS: Of 159 patients plate configuration was recorded in 143, widths in 48 and both in 46. Outcomes were determined at a mean of 8 months postoperatively. Overall, there were no cases of meatal stenosis and fistulas occurred in 3 patients (2%). No significant difference in results was predicted by plate configuration or width. CONCLUSIONS: Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for distal hypospadias repair has a low complication rate regardless of urethral plate configuration or width. Therefore, this procedure is potentially applicable in all cases of primary distal hypospadias.     

A retrospective comparison of four plate constructs for first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion: static plate, static plate with lag screw, locked plate, and locked plate with lag screw

The primary treatment for progressive first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint arthritis is arthrodesis. Multiple fixation types have been used to accomplish fusion including plating. There have been no published articles reporting the outcomes of these 4 plate and/or screw constructs. We present our experience with 138 first MTP joint fusions using these constructs. A retrospective comparison and radiographic chart review of 132 patients (138 feet) was performed to compare different constructs in regards to successful union and time to fusion. All operations were performed by 4 fellowship-trained foot and ankle surgeons. The radiographs were independently read by 2 authors not involved in the index procedures. Radiographic fusion was determined by bridging cortices across the joint line. The mean time to union (in days) and rate of fusion were static plate: 59, 95%, static plate with lag screw: 56, 86%, locked plate: 66, 92%, and locked plate with lag screw: 53, 96%. There was not a statistically significant difference between the groups in regards to patient age, time to weight bearing, time to fusion, or rate of fusion. We report on the results of fusion comparing 4 different plate and/or screw constructs for first MTP joint fusion. The data reveal no significant difference in time to fusion or rate of fusion between static and locked plates, with or without a lag screw.     

Posterior buttress plate with locking compression plate for Hoffa fracture

BackgroundMany difficulties are associated with treating fractures of the posterior condyle of the femur (Hoffa fractures). Anatomical reduction and internal fixation are optimum for such intra-articular fractures. Some surgeons use anteroposterior screws to achieve direct stability. However, screw fixation is not adequate in some cases. To increase stability, we treat Hoffa fractures with a posterior buttress plate; we use a twisted, 1/3 tubular plate at the posterior surface and a supplementary, locking compression plate (LCP) for additional stability.MethodsPatients who had sustained Hoffa fractures between January 2006 and March 2009 were included in this study. Patients comprised three males and two females with a mean age of 73.6 years at the time of surgery. A 3.5-mm 1/3 tubular plate was twisted and applied to the posterolateral aspect of the distal femur. This was combined with an LCP on the distal femur to achieve a rafting effect.ResultsAll fractures were healed within 15 weeks. There were no instances of nonunion, infection, or implant removal. The mean range of motion was ?3° to 121°. Four patients had no pain in the treated limb and one had mild pain on weight bearing. The average Oxford Knee Score was 44.6 points. All patients achieved satisfactory joint function and regained their walking ability with good clinical results.ConclusionsImproved stability associated with this technique enables patients to begin range-of-motion training and return to their normal activities sooner; this resulted in good outcome.     

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of tibial fracture using self-navigated plate

This study aims to introduce a self-navigated plate, which is characterized by the presence of a groove at each end of the plate, in treating tibial fractures. The plate is inserted subperiosteally across the fracture line when the fracture is effectively reduced. A second plate of the same is then placed over the subcutaneous one and serves as a guide for percutaneous insertion of screws through the holes of subperiosteal plate into the bones to secure the fracture. Seven patients with tibial shaft fractures were treated by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) using this plate. The average operative time was 47 min, and the average fluoroscopy time was 19 s. All fractures healed from 3 to 6 months postoperatively, and excellent functional recovery was observed in all patients. In conclusion, the economical-friendly self-navigated plate is a good and effective alternative fixation method in treating tibia fractures by MIPO.     

Minimally invasive periprosthetic plate osteosynthesis using the locking attachment plate

Objective

Stable fixation of periprosthetic or periimplant fractures with an angular stable plate and early weight bearing as tolerated.

Indications

Periprosthetic femur fractures around the hip, Vancouver type B1 or C. Periprosthetic femur and tibia fractures around the knee. Periprosthetic fractures of the humerus. Periimplant fractures after intramedullary nailing.

Contraindications

Loosening of prosthesis. Local infection. Osteitis.

Surgical technique

Preoperative planning is recommended. After minimally invasive fracture reduction and preliminary fixation, submuscular insertion of a large fragment femoral titanium plate or a distal femur plate. The plate is fixed with locking head screws and/or regular cortical screws where possible. If stability is insufficient, one or two locking attachment plates (LAP) are mounted to the femoral plate around the stem of the prosthesis. After fixing the LAP to one of the locking holes of the femoral plate, 3.5 mm screws are used to connect the LAP to the cortical bone and/or cement mantle of the prosthesis.

Postoperative management

Weight bearing as tolerated starting on postoperative day 1 is suggested under supervision of a physiotherapist.

Results

In 6 patients with periprosthetic fractures and 2 patients with periimplant fractures, no surgical complications (e.g., wound infection or bleeding) were observed. The mean time to bony union was 14 weeks. No implant loosening of the locking attachment plate was observed. At the follow-up examination, all patients had reached their prefracture mobility level.     

The growth plate

The growth plate is an organ composed of cartilage, bone, and fibrous parts whose activities are synchronized to provide for longitudinal growth in the typical long bone. The morphology, function, and metabolism of the growth plate and its component parts are discussed in detail in this article.