肾病综合征并发急性肾衰竭临床分析

原发性肾病综合征 (ＮＳ)并发急性肾衰竭 (ＡＲＦ)国内报道不多 ,本院自 1992年 1月～ 1999年 12月共收治原发性ＮＳ 136例 ,其中并发ＡＲＦ 9例 ,获得满意疗效 ,现报道如下。资料与方法1　一般资料　本组患者均为住院病人 ,男 6例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 13岁～ 5 9岁 ,平均 33岁。所有病例符合 1992年专题座谈会关于ＮＳ和ＡＲＦ的诊断标准〔1〕,均排除继发性因素。2　临床表现　 9例ＡＲＦ患者 ,ＮＳ首次发病 6例 ,复发3例。本组所有病例均有大量蛋白尿 ,4 3～ 16 ｇ/ｄ ,平均(7 92± 3 1) ｇ/Ｌ ;低蛋白血症 11 8～ 2 6ｇ/Ｌ ,平均 (19 2 0±3 6…     

儿童特发性肾病综合征并发特发性急性肾衰竭

目的:探讨儿童特发性肾病综合征(idiopathic nephrotic syndrome,INS)并发特发性急性肾衰竭(idiopathic acute renal failure,IARF)的临床、病理、治疗和预后.方法:回顾性分析1997年1月～2005年6月入院INS并发急性肾衰竭(ARF)8例患儿的临床、病理、诊断、治疗及预后.结果:8例均为男性,年龄3岁～12岁,平均(8±3)岁,全部病例发生在NS活动期,均表现为少尿型肾衰竭,以微小病变为主(85.7%),予标准剂量激素及对症或透析治疗,取得满意疗效.结论:儿童INS合并IARF,以男性为主,临床表现为少尿型肾衰竭,病理以微小病变多见,经常规激素、对症或透析治疗,肾功能可恢复正常,预后好.     

多囊肾并肾病综合征急性肾衰竭1例

多囊肾 (ADPKD)并肾病综合征 (NS)及急性肾衰竭(ARF)临床上较为罕见 ,我科近期收治 1例 ,现报道如下。病　　例患者 ,女性 ,38岁 ,因颜面下肢浮肿伴腹胀 2月入院。4年前因血尿经B超检查 :左肾 15 .8cm× 8.3cm ,右肾13.6cm× 8.6cm ,双侧肾脏充满囊性液性暗区 ,提示多囊肾。入院时全身浮肿 ,轻度贫血 ,尿常规蛋白尿 (+++) ,隐血(- ) ,2 4h尿蛋白定量 7.71g/L ,血脂TC 10 .5 7mmol/L ,TG5 .6 2mmol/L ,LDL 7.5 1mmol/L ,血清Alb 18.11g/L ,血BUN 2 2 .0 5mmol/L ,血Cr 6 5 9.2 μmol/L。B超 :多囊肾伴大量腹水。入院后诊断ADPK…     

肾病综合征合并急性肾衰竭16例临床观察

肾病综合征患者突发少尿或尿量减少、无尿及肾功能急剧恶化 ,临床上并非少见。原发性肾病综合征 (ＮＳ)合并急性肾衰竭 (ＡＲＦ)自 196 6年ｃｈａｍｂｅｒ等[1] 首次报告以来 ,逐渐受到重视 ,为提高对本病的诊断治疗效果 ,现将我院收治的ＮＳ合并ＡＲＦ 16例报告如下。资料与方法1　病例选择　 1997年 6月～ 2 0 0 1年 6月住院的成人ＮＳ 14 6例 ,合并ＡＲＦ的连续病例共 16例。其中男 12例 ,女 4例 ;年龄 17岁～ 6 2岁 ,平均 (34.3± 14 .6 )岁 ;病程 5ｄ～ 1年。所有病人均符合原发性肾病综合征 ,并排除系统性疾病或继发性肾小球疾病 ,病…     

原发性肾病综合征并发急性肾损伤48例临床病理分析

目的探讨原发性肾病综合征合并急性肾损伤的临床及病理特点,提高此类并发症的防治水平。方法对我院原发性肾病综合征合并急性肾损伤患者的临床和病理改变进行回顾性分析。结果原发性肾病综合征合并急性肾损伤的临床特征表现为大量蛋白尿、高度水肿,常合并胸腹腔积液。肾脏病理类型：系膜增生性肾小球肾炎、肾小球微小病变及IgA肾病多见。其中系膜增生性肾小球肾炎22例,占46%;微小病变型10例,IgA肾病9例。所有患者均依据病理分型给予激素和（或）细胞毒药物,同时行利尿、控制感染、抗凝等综合治疗,其中5例进行血液透析治疗,肾损伤大多好转,但增生硬化型肾炎等预后较差。结论原发性肾病综合征并发急性肾损伤临床并不少见,多发生于系膜增生性肾小球肾炎、肾小球微小病变及IgA肾病,尽早明确病理诊断和去除诱因,并予相应治疗,大多患者预后良好,肾功能可恢复正常。     

原发性肾病综合征并急性肾衰竭20例分析

原发性肾病综合征（PNS）病程中并发急性肾衰竭（ARF），是指肾功能于数小时至数日急骤下降，在原正常肾功能基础上肾小球滤过率（GFR）下降509／6以上，或血肌酐（SCr）每日上升44．2～88．4μmol／L。本病可由多种原因引起。我院2002至2005年共收治20例，现将其临床特点、病理、治疗及预后作一初步的分析和探讨。     

肾病综合征致急性肾衰竭保守治疗患者的护理

为了探讨肾病综合征急性肾衰竭的护理方法,对10例肾病综合征致急性肾衰竭的患者,根据临床表现和实验室检查结果,及时、准确判断其病情变化,针对病情进行监测及护理,配合医生予及时有效的治疗.结果10例肾病综合征并发急性肾衰竭患者均顺利渡过危险期,痊愈出院.提示心理护理、病理观察、饮食护理是保证原发性肾病综合征并发急性肾衰竭保守治疗成功的重要环节.     

盐酸氮芥联合中药治疗肾病综合征并急性肾衰竭

肾病综合征 (NS)尤其有中重度水肿患者合并特发性急性肾衰竭 (ARF)临床较为常见 ,属于危重病人 ,其治疗较为棘手而困难 ,但如果治疗得当和及时 ,肾衰竭多可逆转。近年来我们对肾病综合征合并特发性急性肾衰竭采用盐酸氮芥联合中药治疗 ,取得满意的效果 ,且疗效快 ,现报道如下。资料与方法1　临床资料　 (1)纳入标准 :①符合肾病综合征诊断即尿蛋白 >3.5 g/ 2 4h ,血浆白蛋白 <30 g/L ;②符合急性肾衰竭诊断标准[1] 。 (2 )排除标准 :明显低血容量、感染及肾毒性药物等诱因引起的ARF。2 3例中男 19例 ,女 4例 ;年龄 17岁～ 5 8岁 ,平均(2…     

Acute renal failure in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome

Acute renal failure (ARF) is an uncommon but alarming complication of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. The renal failure could be secondary to causes evident from the history and evaluation, such as severe intravascular volume depletion, acute tubular necrosis, allergic interstitial nephritis, bilateral renal vein thrombosis, acute pyelonephritis, or rapid progression of the original glomerular disease. It may be termed idiopathic if the underlying cause is undetermined. We present three children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome who were admitted with acute renal failure. One case was due to drug-induced allergic interstitial nephritis. The other two were idiopathic in nature. Improvement in renal function occurred in the three patients over a variable period of 10 days to 4 weeks. After careful exclusion of well-known causes of acute renal failure, idiopathic acute renal failure (IARF) should be considered as a diagnostic possibility in these patients. The exact pathophysiology of IARF is not understood. Possible proposed explanations include interstitial edema, tubular obstruction, altered glomerular permeability, and unrecognized hypovolemia.     

Prolonged reversible renal failure with nephrotic syndrome

Steroid nonresponsive nephrotic syndrome in a 15-year-old girl with reversible renal failure required dialysis and aggressive nutritional therapy for 1 year. Severe interstitial edema and foot process fusion were the only processes identified to explain the renal failure. Diabetes-like alterations of the glomerular capillary wall basement membrane may have been an outcome of the intense alimentation.     

Purtscher-like retinopathy in nephrotic syndrome associated with mild chronic renal failure

A sudden loss of vision attributable to Purtscher-like retinopathy occurred in a 4-year-old boy with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and nephrotic syndrome as well as mild chronic renal failure. This retinopathy was bilateral. After treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone, infusion of 20% albumin, and low molecular weight heparin (nadroparin calcium), his visual acuity improved within 3 days. Ischemic retinal blanching and hemorrhages gradually disappeared. The pathogenesis of this disorder is unknown. Received: 23 November 1999 / Revised: 26 April 2000 / Accepted: 27 April 2000     

Peritonitis as a risk factor of acute renal failure in nephrotic children

Idiopathic acute renal failure (IARF) is an uncommon but severe complication in children with relapsing nephrotic syndrome and may require long-term dialytic support until recovery of renal function takes place. Due to limited understanding of the pathophysiology of IARF, specific guidelines for its prevention and therapy have not been developed. Among triggering factors, peritonitis was present in half of all pediatric patients with this complication described in the English literature over the past 15 years. We report an additional nephrotic child who developed IARF following spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. The renal biopsy showed tubular epithelial changes consistent with acute tubular necrosis. A discussion of related literature and possible pathogenesis of this association is presented. Received: 13 September 1999 / Revised: 18 April 2000 / Accepted: 23 April 2000     

Steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome associated with bilateral renal dysplasia

Renal dysplasia is characterized by hypoplastic kidneys that contain elements of primitive tubules. Patients may develop end-stage renal failure early in life. Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common renal diseases in childhood and may occur in association with renal dysplasia. We report a case of a child with bilateral dysplastic kidneys and steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). An association between renal dysplasia with chronic renal failure and SRNS has not previously been reported in the English literature. Received: 15 February 2000 / Revised: 29 January 2001 / Accepted: 29 January 2001     

Tacrolimus-induced HUS: an unusual cause of acute renal failure in nephrotic syndrome

Acute renal failure (ARF) is an uncommon complication in children with nephrotic syndrome. We report here the case of a 10-year-old male child with primary steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome who was non-responsive to steroids and cyclophosphamide. A kidney biopsy revealed that he had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. His treatment was initiated with tacrolimus (dose of 0.15 mg/kg/day) in two divided doses along with prednisolone 60 mg/m²/daily. After 1 month of treatment, he was diagnosed as having acute renal failure secondary to HUS. This was postulated to be due to the tacrolimus therapy, which was withdrawn. Two weeks after stopping the adminsitration of tacrolimus, his urine output improved, and the hemoglobin and serum creatinine normalized. Thus, tacrolimus-induced HUS is a rare cause of ARF in nephrotic syndrome. With the increasing use of tacrolimus in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, the treating physicians need to be aware of this rare, but potentially life-threatening side effect.     

肾病综合征并发单核细胞增生性李斯特菌脑膜脑炎一例

目的提高医务工作者对单核细胞增生性李斯特菌脑膜脑炎的认知。 方法报道2018年10月24日解放军火箭军特色医学中心医学收治的1例肾病综合征并发单核细胞增生性李斯特菌脑膜脑炎患者的诊疗过程,同时结合相关文献进行分析和复习。 结果该例25岁年轻男性肾病综合征合并单核细胞增生性李斯特菌脑膜脑炎患者,予以综合抗感染治疗及对症治疗后体温正常,李斯特菌病及脑膜脑炎病情好转后出院,后期随访疗效显著。 结论早期确诊及规范的抗菌药物治疗是控制单核细胞增生李斯特菌脑膜脑炎病情及预后的关键。     

Reversible renal failure and nephrotic syndrome without interstitial nephritis from zomepirac

This report describes two patients with the clinical syndrome of reversible renal failure and nephrotic syndrome caused by the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, zomepirac sodium. What is unique about this report are the pathologic findings on renal biopsy which showed fusion of foot processes consistent with minimal change disease without evidence of an interstitial infiltrate. A cause-and-effect relationship of the disease to zomepirac administration is strongly suggested by the resolution of the renal dysfunction when the drug was stopped and by more than eighteen months of follow-up without evidence of any impairment in renal function.     

输尿管镜治疗输尿管结石梗阻并发急性肾功能衰竭

目的:探讨治疗上尿路结石性梗阻并发急性肾功能衰竭的方法。方法:用输尿管镜直视下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石梗阻并急性肾功能衰竭患者18例。结果:术后患者血清BUN、Cr均恢复正常或接近正常,尿量恢复。结论:输尿管镜诊治上尿路结石性梗阻并发急性肾功能衰竭,具有安全、疗效可靠、损伤小等优点,能同时处理双侧输尿管病变,可作为首选治疗方法。     

Massive proteinuria and acute renal failure after oral bisphosphonate (alendronate) administration in a patient with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

A 61-year-old Japanese man with nephrotic syndrome due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was initially responding well to steroid therapy. The amount of daily urinary protein decreased from 15.6 to 2.8 g. Within 14 days of the oral bisphosphonate (alendronate sodium) administration, the amount of daily urinary protein increased rapidly up to 12.8 g with acute renal failure. After discontinuing the oral alendronate, the patient underwent six cycles of hemodialysis and four cycles of LDL apheresis. Urinary volume and serum creatinine levels recovered to the normal range, with urinary protein disappearing completely within 40 days. This report demonstrates that not only intravenous, but also oral bisphosphonates can aggravate proteinuria and acute renal failure.