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1.
关节软骨损伤修复基础研究进展   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
关节软骨损伤修复基础研究进展杨贵勇,卢世壁关节软骨损伤是临床骨科常见疾病。由于关节软骨是无血管、淋巴管和神经的组织,自身修复能力有限,损伤后常导致关节功能活动障碍。如果有修复,其修复组织的组成、结构和力学特性均明显区别于正常关节软骨。为此,国内外有关...  相似文献   

2.
关节软骨损伤的修复和重建   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
赵建宁  王瑞 《中国骨伤》2007,20(11):729-731
关节软骨为透明软骨,其内无神经、血管和淋巴管分布,为单一的结缔组织,软骨细胞存在于软骨陷窝内,主要依靠关节液而获得营养。成年后的关节软骨由于缺乏血供及未分化细胞,损伤后依靠自身修复的能力很低。如何对成人关节软骨的损伤进行修复重建,恢复关节面的完整性,重建关节功能  相似文献   

3.
软骨组织工程种子细胞及其培养方法   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
关节软骨损伤是临床常见疾病,软骨组织自身修复能力低下,治疗缺乏有效手段,容易导致创伤性关节炎和功能障碍。随着对种子细胞培养方法研究的深入、生物材料学上的进展,组织工程学为关节软骨损伤修复提供了新的方法,有望解决这一难题。本对软骨组织工程中用到的几种种子细胞及其培养方法进行了综述。  相似文献   

4.
关节软骨损伤的治疗进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
关节软骨损伤临床上非常多见,主要由外伤或疾病造成.关节软骨损伤后,自身修复能力有限,如何修复关节软骨和软骨下骨的损伤、促进关节软骨自身修复、重建关节功能成为f临床医师和研究人员需要解决的重要问题.随着生物技术、材料、免疫组化和分子生物学的发展及应用于临床,人们在关节软骨损伤修复的实验研究方面取得了许多重大进步,尤其是基于细胞和材料组织工程技术的发展,为损伤关节软骨的修复重建提供了新的治疗方法[1].  相似文献   

5.
在27只成年狗的股骨内髁造成关节内骨折,分组给予加压或不加压、加外固定或不加外固定治疗。术后定期取材,用光镜、透射及扫描电镜等观察关节内骨折软骨断端的修复过程、修复组织性质及近骨折线处软骨对损伤的反应。结果表明:软骨缺乏自身修复能力;加压固定只能使软骨断端产生被动粘合;关节内骨折后既软骨有细胞的退变与坏死又有细胞的代谢增加及细胞的增殖;来自髓腔的修复组织既使在光镜下类似透明软骨,在电镜下也为纤维软骨;关节制动,短期细胞出现代谢抑制,久之出现退变。  相似文献   

6.
宁志刚  杨柳 《中国骨伤》2011,24(10):884-886
由创伤或骨病所致的关节骨软骨损伤在临床中十分常见,其中软骨缺损者达40.31%。由于关节软骨自身修复能力低下,采用组织工程技术对关节软骨损伤进行修复是目前采用再生医学治疗关节软骨损伤的新方法。组织工程支架按照性状可分为预成型支架材料及水凝胶材料两大类。传统的预成型支架材料移植技术容易给缺损周边软骨带来继发损伤,也存在支架与缺损整合不紧密等问题。如何在避免二次损伤的基础上,应用理想的仿生材料复合种子细胞修复关节不规则软骨损伤将成为未来软骨损伤修复的主要问题。选取微创、仿生并且可以原位塑形的胶原蛋白水凝胶复合种子细胞修复关节软骨损伤为损伤关节软骨的修复带来了希望。本文结合国内外相关文献对目前胶原蛋白水凝胶在软骨组织工程中的应用做一综述。  相似文献   

7.
关节软骨损伤与修复机制   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
关节软骨是无血运、单一的结缔组织 ,在受到外伤后容易产生关节的肿胀、疼痛甚至关节功能的障碍。损伤后依靠自身修复的能力很低 ,多需要进行填充、替代或重建关节功能的治疗。Hunter首先认识到受损严重的关节软骨无法进行自身修复 ,多退变为骨性关节炎〔1〕。Curl等〔2〕 在对 315 16例患者进行膝关节镜检查中发现 :6 3%的患者存在软骨的缺损或病变。目前的治疗结果常难以形成正常关节软骨来进行替代修复 ,多为纤维样软骨或类似透明样软骨而无法达到正常关节的生理需求。因此更多学者通过对关节软骨修复过程的研究来寻求更理想的治疗方法…  相似文献   

8.
射频技术在关节软骨成形手术中的应用日益广泛。关节软骨缺乏神经、血管及淋巴系统,关节软骨受损后自身修复能力有限,射频治疗产生的热量可能对软骨细胞及基质有损伤效应。射频能量在软骨成形术中的安全性目前尚无一致意见。该文作者模拟在关节镜条件下采用射频技术,分析蛋白多糖的合成与降解的程度,检测细胞的存活能力。观察不同射频能量对软骨细胞及基质的损伤效应。采用马的新鲜髌骨11对,以骨挫造成软骨面部分厚度的  相似文献   

9.
关节软骨缺损修复的实验与临床   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
朱国华  齐新生 《中国骨伤》2004,17(5):318-320
关节软骨的修复一直是骨科领域尚未完全解决的一大难题。现就关节软骨损伤后促进自身修复、组织或细胞移植修复、组织工程修复等方面对关节软骨修复方法作一综述。  相似文献   

10.
关节软骨损伤和缺损修复策略   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0  
潘育松  丁国新  王静 《中国骨伤》2013,26(2):175-178
关节软骨的损伤是临床中常见的疾病。由于关节软骨自身修复能力有限,采用关节镜下清创术、软骨移植、软骨细胞移植、组织工程技术及凝胶类关节软骨修复材料是目前对关节软骨损伤进行修复的主要手段。本文对目前用于关节软骨损伤和缺损修复的主要策略及各类修复技术的优缺点进行了综合评述。关节镜下清创术对早期骨性关节炎疗效显著;软骨及软骨细胞移植对小面积软骨缺损修复效果较为理想;组织工程技术是目前对关节软骨损伤和缺损修复的一个热点方向,但存在支架材料与软骨缺损区整合不紧密等问题;凝胶类关节软骨修复材料具有与自然关节软骨相似的力学和生物摩擦学特性,但其生物活性及与自然关节软骨间的结合强度有待进一步提高,如何实现材料生物活性、生物力学性能和生物摩擦学性能功能一体化是凝胶类关节软骨修复材料亟待解决的焦点问题。  相似文献   

11.
Articular cartilage (AC) is the soft tissue lining the ends of bones in diarthrodial joints. It is responsible for providinglubrication and compressive stiffness to the joint during articulation while responding viscoelastically to mechanical loading. Injury of the tissue caused by trauma or disease can be devastating to joint function as these mechanisms fail. Because of this, it is essential to review the basic science underlying the mechanical roles AC plays while healthy, the biomechanical and biological perspectives of the injury and repair processes, and the current repair techniques available for injured AC. This is done in an effort to further our understanding of the healing capacity of AC and facilitate new efforts into AC repair.  相似文献   

12.
耳软骨整体再造鼻侧软骨的可行性分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的:以耳软骨为供区,探索整体再造鼻侧软骨的方法。方法:20具(40侧)尸体标本,取下耳软骨40枚,鼻侧软骨40枚。CT扫描后重建三维图像,测量鼻侧软骨各解剖分区的相关数据。设计耳软骨3个供区可整体移植再造同侧鼻侧软骨,测量相关的形态数据。结果:耳软骨3个供区的相关形态数据大于同侧鼻侧软骨的相应数据。结论:耳甲腔、耳屏及两者之间连接的峡部(CVIT区域),三角窝、耳轮及两者的连接部(TFH区域),耳甲艇、耳轮及两者之间的连接部分(CBH区域)可整体取下,修整后整体再造同侧鼻侧软骨。  相似文献   

13.
Background Diced cartilage grafts have long been used in rhinoplasty. Along with their various reported advantages, they also have some disadvantages. The irregular resorption rate of the engrafted mass is one of the major issues noted with diced cartilage grafts. An explanation for the unpredictable resorption rate has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to determine the role of traumatized versus nontraumatized cartilage as the source of diced cartilage grafts. Methods This study included the noses of 32 patients (19 traumatized noses and 13 nontraumatized noses) who underwent surgery using Surgicel-wrapped diced cartilage grafts. Results The most remarkable result noted in this study was that a Surgicel-wrapped diced cartilage graft, if prepared from traumatized cartilage (in 19 patients), failed to maintain a stable long-term volume. Partial volume loss was noted in 100% of these patients. However, the rate of this partial resorption was different for every individual and could not be predicted. The highest retention of cartilage graft volume was seen primarily over the nasal osseocartilaginous junction. In nontraumatized patients, however, the engrafted mass maintained long-term volume stability. These patients evidenced no visible external irregularities, and only a few very slight imperfections were noted with finger palpation. Conclusion Diced cartilage of traumatic origin is not recommended for any purpose. In such cases, the authors’ engrafting algorithm consists of autobone or ear conchal cartilage grafts for dorsal augmentation, columellar struts from the nontraumatized part of the septum, and spreader grafts from the nontraumatized part of the septum or ear concha.  相似文献   

14.
Ear cartilage is an important source of grafts for rhinoplasty. The majority of cartilage grafts is harvested from the concha of the ear. We describe indications in which the tragal cartilage is a more favorable graft source than conchal cartilage. The technique is fast, simple, and does not require special dressings.  相似文献   

15.
异体软骨细胞复合Pluronic修复关节软骨缺损   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
目的 探讨运用同种异体软骨细胞复合Pluronic修复关节软骨缺损的可行性,并应用^3H—TdR放射自显影方法鉴别软骨缺损修复的细胞来源。方法 取同种异体软骨细胞体外培养至第2代,用^3H—TdR标记后复合Pluronic植入兔关节软骨缺损区作为实验组,并采用单纯Pluronic植入作为材料对照组,不作任何处理组为空白对照组,分别于4、8及16周取材,观察其修复效果,并应用放射自显影方法鉴别修复组织的细胞来源。结果 实验组术后8周,缺损表面可见新生软骨形成,术后16周缺损完全修复,表面光滑,与周围界限模糊,放射自显影证实所修复组织的细胞来源于植入细胞。材料对照组及空白对照组缺损均未见明显修复。结论 ①同种异体软骨细胞复合Pluronic修复关节软骨缺损是可行的;②^3H—TdR标记细胞可作为鉴别细胞来源的一种简便可行的方法。  相似文献   

16.
Focal arthritic defects in the knee lead to pain, swelling, and dysfunction. Treatment of the defects has includeddrilling, abrasion, and grafting. This report describes our surgical technique of autogenous articular cartilage grafting of arthritic and traumatic articular cartilage lesions. Articular cartilage grafting can be performed as a single arthroscopic outpatient procedure. The mixture of articular cartilage and cancellous bone appears to provide a supportive matrix for cartilage formation. Pain relief is excellent if careful surgical technique and a defined rehabilitation program is followed. Further collagen typing data and additional biopsies will reveal more about the durability of the newly formed cartilage.  相似文献   

17.
A simplified technique of harvesting of the ear cartilage graft is described which (1) uses a postauricular incision to minimize the visible scars, (2) removes the whole floor of the conchal fossa to avoid the irregularities, and (3) uses a tie-over dressing to eliminate the need for a head dressing. This technique has been used on 88 patients with one visible and tender medial irregularity, and three minor palpable, but invisible irregularities.  相似文献   

18.
目的:通过应用自体肋软骨重塑鼻尖软骨支架结构,形成稳定的鼻尖软骨复合体,来达到完美、立体的鼻尖外形,同时应用膨体聚四氟乙烯或硅胶假体支架抬高鼻背,从而达到理想的鼻部整形美容效果。方法:以鼻小柱基底部"几"字形切口和鼻孔内鼻翼软骨外侧缘切口,彻底分离皮肤达鼻翼基底部,对鼻尖短小朝天者可松解到达梨状孔边缘,显露两侧鼻翼软骨及侧鼻软骨,同时暴露鼻中隔软骨游离端;雕刻自体肋软骨,移植、固定到鼻中隔软骨上,贯穿缝合鼻翼软骨、移植的软骨,形成鼻尖软骨支架结构,构建鼻尖软骨复合体。雕刻膨体聚四氟乙烯或硅胶假体支架放置到鼻背鼻骨骨膜下抬高鼻背。结果:本组96例手术者均采用自体肋软骨移植构建鼻尖软骨复合体行鼻整形,术后7天拆线,切口Ⅰ/甲愈合。随诊6~12个月,95例术后鼻尖表现点明显,鼻形立体、挺拔,自然美观,鼻尖活动度好,效果满意。1例术者感觉鼻小柱下垂,通过修复移植软骨,达到满意效果。结论:应用自体肋软骨重塑鼻尖软骨支架结构,构建鼻尖软骨复合体,同时应用膨体聚四氟乙烯或硅胶假体支架抬高鼻背,可以达到理想的鼻部整形美容效果。  相似文献   

19.
Augmentation rhinoplasty using soft tissue and cartilage was performed on 120 patients and the results were reexamined. They were found to be satisfactory and without complication. To narrow a round tip, a resection of two-thirds of the lateral crus cephalad portion and a transection of the caudal portion with a strip resection was done. To elevate the tip, septal cartilage was sutured to one-third of the upper part of medial crus to form a columella cartilage strut. To maintain the strut and to prevent pointing, a fibrous muscle tissue stretching from the medial crus to the upper cartilage or a dermis was transplanted into the area surrounding the septal cartilage tip. For a simple elevation of the dorsum, an onlay graft of dermis was applied, but where further elevation was required, further dermis and conchal cartilage was added for suture and attachment to the dermis.  相似文献   

20.
Biomarkers of cartilage metabolism are sensitive to changes in the biological and mechanical environment and can indicate early changes in cartilage homeostasis. The purpose of this study was to determine if a daily locomotion replacement program can serve as a countermeasure for changes in cartilage biomarker serum concentration caused by immobilization. Ten healthy male subjects (mean ± 1 standard deviation; age: 29.4 ± 5.9 years; body mass: 77.7 ± 4.1 kg) participated in the crossover 5-day bed rest study with three interventions: control (CON), standing (STA), and locomotion replacement training (LRT). Serum samples were taken before, during, and after bed rest. Biomarker concentrations were measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) levels after 24 hours of bed rest decreased independently of the intervention (−16.8% to −9.8%) and continued to decrease until 72 hours of bed rest (minimum, −23.2% to −20.6%). LRT and STA did not affect COMP during bed rests (P = .056) but there was a strong tendency for a slower decrease with LRT (−9.4%) and STA (−11.7%) compared with CON (−16.8%). MMP-3 levels decreased within the first 24 hours of bed rest (CON: −22.3%; STA: −14.7%; LRT: −17%) without intervention effect. Both COMP and MMP-3 levels recovered to baseline levels during the 6-day recovery period. MMP-1, MMP-9, and TNF-α levels were not affected by immobilization or intervention. COMP and MMP-3 are mechano-sensitive cartilage biomarkers affected by immobilization, and simple interventions such as standing upright or LRT during bed rest cannot prevent these changes. Clinical significance: simple locomotion interventions cannot prevent cartilage biomarker change during bed rest.  相似文献   

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