33例复发性腹膜后肉瘤的治疗及其预后

目的探讨复发性腹膜后肉瘤的治疗方法及其预后。方法回顾性分析１９７２年～１９９６年收治的３３例复发性腹膜后肉瘤的临床资料。结果１７例（５１５％）患者在首次复发时完整切除肿瘤;２、３、１例患者分别在首次、２次和３次复发时进行联合脏器切除。共１４例患者术后接受不同剂量的放疗和化疗。对２９例患者进行６个月至１２年的随访,其中１５例（５１７％）死亡,７例生存５年以上,２例生存１０年以上。１、３、５年生存率分别为８５７％,５４９％和４２３％。结论外科手术切除肿瘤是提高复发性肉瘤生存率最重要的手段,联合脏器切除能提高肿瘤完整切除率,对多次复发的肿瘤不应放弃手术机会,放疗和化疗对复发性肉瘤可起一定的控制作用。病理类型为高分化脂肪肉瘤者,预后优于患其他类型肉瘤者     

腹膜后软组织肉瘤110例治疗分析

文内分析经手术病理证实的腹膜后软组织肉瘤１１０例的治疗效果。病理类型以脂肪肉瘤最多见（３１．８％）。肿瘤完全切除者５６例，占５０．９％；其中因肿瘤复发而行～４次完全切除手术者１８例。联合脏器切除占完全切除组的２３．２％。全组总５年和１０年生存率分别为３２．４％和１９．２％。肿瘤完全切除组的５年生存率为５５．６％；明显高于部分切除组（１１．１％）及探查活检组（６．６％），差别显著（Ｐ＜０．００１）。     

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的外科治疗

目的探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤（PRPI_S）的外科治疗方法。方法回顾性分析1996年1月至2008年3月经手术治疗17例PRPLS患者的治疗效果。结果17例患者共进行手术30例次,其中13例次为首次手术,17例次为再次手术。肿瘤完整切除24例次（80．0％）,其中联合脏器切除12例次（40．0％）,肿瘤部分切除5例次（16．7％）,探查活检1例次（3．3％）。结论原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤无论是首发还是复发,手术切除都是标准的治疗手段,晚期肿瘤姑息切除亦能减轻邻近压迫症状,改善患者生存质量,延长生存时间。     

原发性腹膜后肿瘤的诊断及治疗

目的 探讨原发性腹膜后肿瘤的诊断及治疗，提高早期诊断正确率与手术切除率。方法 回顾性分析了我院1990－2000年经手术证实的86例原发性腹膜后肿瘤临床资料。结果 69．7％患者以腹中，腰部肿块和／或腹痛就诊，术前确诊率为52．6％。获得随访62例，肿瘤完全切除者术后2年生存率为61．3％，姑息切除及探查活检者均在1年内死亡。良，恶性肿瘤完整切除率为81．3％，37％，复发率分别为15．4％，60％。16例术后复发，其中9例再次行手术切除。结论 早期诊断，首次手术的彻底性，术后定期复查是提高生存率的三个环节，复发者再次手术仍可获得临床疗效。     

胆囊癌的外科治疗

探讨各种手术对胆囊癌预后的影响。方法 ６０例胆囊癌患者病变早期组５例，行单纯胆囊切除术；晚期组５５例，行探查活检术２４例，姑息切除２６例，根治性切除术５例结果 早，晚期组１，３，５年生存率分别为１００％，６０％，２０％和１８．２％，５．５％，１．８％，晚期组探量活检术者均在１年内死亡；姑息性切除术者１年生存率２３．１％，无３年，５年生存；根治性切除术者１，３，５年生存率分别为８０％，６０％，２０％     

腹膜后肿瘤手术治疗的经验

目的　探讨原发性腹膜后肿瘤手术切除的方法 ,以提高肿瘤切除率。方法　结合 1990～ 1999年收治的 197例原发性腹膜后肿瘤 ,就其手术处理与经验教训进行讨论。结果　第 1次手术肿瘤全切除 15 4例 ,占 78% ,其中良性肿瘤全切除率为 93% ,恶性肿瘤全切除率为 6 7% ,术后 1～ 2年生存率分别为 70 .2 %和 6 3.3% ,而姑息切除和探查活检者均在 1年内死亡。术后复发再次手术 9例 ,其中 7例均作全切除术。联合脏器切除 17例 ,第 1次手术 11例 ,第 2次手术 6例 ,再手术完整切除率 75 .6 %。结论　术野开阔 ,层次清晰 ,是腹膜后肿瘤手术应具备的基本条件。原则上应作肿瘤完整切除 ,肿瘤与受累脏器应联合切除。对术后复发的肿瘤 ,完整切除是提高生存率的关键。     

肺转移性肿瘤的外科疗效分析

作者对５８例肺转移性肿瘤行肺切除术５９例次，２例剖胸探查活检，手术近期死亡率６．６％。出院５２例，随访６个月～２５年。原发肿瘤控制，转移肿瘤作手术切除者中，术后１年、３年、５年累积生存率分别为７６．８％、３７．９％和１８．０％。临床分析结果提示多个转移瘤术后生存率低于单个转移瘤（Ｐ＜０．０５）；肿瘤倍增时间与术后生存期长短高度相关（ｒ＝０．８４６０）。     

98例成人原发性腹膜后恶性肿瘤的诊治分析

目的探讨成人原发性腹膜后恶性肿瘤（APRMT）的诊断方法和手术经验。方法对1990年1月至2003年4月经手术治疗的98例APRMT患者的临床资料进行分析。结果98例成人原发性腹膜后恶性肿瘤中,肿瘤完全切除79例（80．6％）,姑息性切除16例（16．3％）,肿瘤探查和单纯活检3例（3．1％）,合并脏器切除25例（25．5％）;复发再次手术者28例（28．6％）。肿瘤完全切除的79例患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为93．7％、73．4％和34．2％,姑息性切除的1、3、5年生存率分别为75．O％、6．3％和6．3％。结论联合应用合理的影像学检查对判断APRMT肿瘤周围器官是否受累和切除范围有重要意义,充分的术前准备和受累器官的联合切除可以提高APRMT切除率和预后,对于复发病例,应争取尽早再次手术治疗。     

原发性腹膜后肿瘤26例临床分析

目的　提高腹膜后肿瘤的手术切除率和患者的生存率。方法　回顾分析 1987～ 1999年原发性腹膜后肿瘤 2 6例 ,其中良性 9例 ,恶性 17例 ,全组切除 19例 ,姑息性切除 3例 ,探查活检 3例 ,手术死亡 1例。结果　随诊 2 4例 ,良性肿瘤 8例存活 ,恶性肿瘤完全切除组的 1、3、5年生存率分别为 80 .7%、5 9.5 %、31.6 % ,姑息切除和探查活检者预后均差。结论　提高切除率是改善预后的关键 ,尽可能完整、整块切除肿瘤及其受累器官和组织 ,将降低复发率 ,提高生存率。强调积极处理复发肿瘤。     

贲门癌术后吻合口复发癌的再手术治疗

目的 探讨贲门癌术后吻合口复发癌再手术的可能性和适应证。方法 再次手术采用胸腹联合切口和左胸切口,手术切除９例,术中姑息性置管２例,探查３例。结果 术后发生严重并发症２例,无手术及院内死亡。手术切除者中２年和３年生存率分别为４４．４％（４／９）和２２．２％（２／９）,５例分别在７个月～２年内死亡,２例失访。置管及探查者均在２～７个月内死亡,结论 贲门癌术后吻合口复发癌再手术要求较高,须严格掌握手术     

原发性腹膜后肿瘤的诊断与外科治疗

目的探讨原发性腹膜后肿瘤(PRT)的诊断方法和手术经验。方法回顾性分析1985年5月至2002年7月经手术治疗116例PRT患者的诊断方法和手术治疗效果。结果肿瘤完整切除95例(良性48例，恶性肿瘤47例)；姑息性切除术15例；肿瘤探查和活检6例。47例恶性肿瘤完全切除1、3年和5年的生存率分别为100．0％、80．9％和23．4％；姑息性切除1、2、3年的生存率分别为33．3％、20．0％和6．7％。结论CT和MR对判断肿瘤周围器官是否受累和切除范围有重要意义，充分的术前准备和受累器官的联合切除可以提高PRT切除率和治愈率。     

Carcinoma of the cardia and proximal third of the stomach. Results of surgical treatment in 91 consecutive patients

In the present retrospective study, 79 percent of the patients were men with a median age of 65.5 years. Of 91 patients, 84 were surgically explored. Excision of the tumor was carried out in 57 patients (63 percent) and was curative in 28 cases and palliative in 29 cases. Curative resection included proximal gastrectomy in 5 patients and total gastrectomy in 23 patients, which was extended to the spleen and distal pancreas in 18 patients. Lymph node metastases were found in 67 percent of the patients treated by resection. According to the TNM classification, 18 percent of the patients undergoing resection had stage I tumor, 28 percent had stage II tumor, 40 percent had stage III tumor, and 14 percent had stage IV tumor. The postoperative mortality rate was 16 percent for the entire series, 21 percent for patients undergoing palliative resection, and only 4 percent for patients undergoing curative resection. Three patients had an obvious anastomotic leak, one of whom died. Median survival time was 5 months for patients who had exploration only, 6 months for patients who had palliative resection, and 36 months for patients who had potentially curative resection. The 5 year actuarial survival rate was 20 percent for patients having resection and 40 percent for patients having curative resection. Survival was closely related to tumor stage. These results indicate that total gastrectomy with complete abdominal lymph node dissection can give comparatively good long-term results when performed for cure. Nevertheless, only one of three patients in this series could have a potentially curative resection. The only way to increase the curative resection rate and to improve survival is to detect the cancer at an early stage.     

原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的外科治疗

目的探讨原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的外科治疗策略。方法回顾性分析1997~2004年我院收治的72例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤病人的临床资料。52例行胰十二指肠切除术,8例行肿瘤局部切除术,5例行胆肠和/或胃肠吻合术解除梗阻,4例行肿瘤活检术以明确诊断,3例确诊后拒绝手术治疗。结果随访62例。46例行胰十二指肠切除术病人术后1年、3年和5年的生存率分别为76.1%,54.3%和28.3%。3例放弃手术治疗者及3例行肿瘤活检术者均于1年内死亡。4例仅行胆肠和/或胃肠吻合术者术后1年生存率为25%。6例行肿瘤局部切除术者均于术后短期内复发,仅2例存活1年。52例行胰十二指肠切除术病例中出现并发症的有8例。应用单层褥式交锁缝合进行胰肠重建的20例及保留幽门的8例术后经过均良好,无1例出现严重并发症。结论胰十二指肠切除术系原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的首选治疗方法,应严格掌握肿瘤局部切除术的适应证。     

Primary Malignant Duodenal Tumors

Fourteen patients with primary malignant duodenal tumors are studied. Twelve patients had adenocarcinomas and two patients had malignant lymphomas. Preoperative diagnostic procedures, such as radiographic study of duodenum with hypotonic duodenography, complete duodenoscopy with biopsy and artertiographic studies are discussed. Early diagnosis is the key for curative surgical treatment since these tumors seem to disseminate rather late. In patients with primary duodenal carcinoma the resectability rate was 66.7%-seven Whipple resections and one segmental resection. Only one patient in our series died after a Whipple resection. There was no mortality after other procedures. The five year survival rate was 14.2%. There is a definite correlation between regional lymph node involvement and survival time. The mean survival period after Whipple resection without lymph node invasion is 56.5 months in our series. The survival period after Whipple resection for adenocarcinoma with regional lymph node invasion (6 months) is identical to the survival after palliative internal derivations for duodenal adenocarcinoma (5.8 months). It is concluded that a positive peroperative frozen section of a regional lymph node should exclude resective procedures (except in patients who hemorrhage) because they have a higher mortality rate as derivative procedures. Fifty per cent of the patients treated for malignant duodenal lymphoma is tumor free two years after a radical surgical therapy combined with chemotherapeutical treatment from the early postoperative period.     

原发性腹膜后肿瘤的诊断与外科治疗

目的 探讨原发性腹膜后肿瘤的诊断与外科治疗.方法 回顾性分析武汉大学中南医院2008年6月至2013年6月间手术治疗的39例原发性腹膜后肿瘤患者的临床资料.结果 39例中恶性肿瘤23例,良性肿瘤16例.16例良性肿瘤患者均获得完整切除,随访无复发患者.23例恶性肿瘤患者,手术完整切除17例,姑息性手术切除6例,其中,剖腹探查活检3例.肿瘤完全切除组中位生存时间为47个月,其1、3年生存率分别为100%、75.0%;姑息性切除组中位生存时间为15.3个月,其1、2年生存率分别为50.0%、33.3%.结论 影像学检查对原发性腹膜后肿瘤术前诊断和评估手术切除范围有着重要意义.手术切除是腹膜后肿瘤的最有效治疗方法,积极的外科治疗、争取完整切除可以延长患者生存期,降低复发率.     

Surgical treatment for carcinoma of the esophagus in the elderly patient.

Sixty-three elderly patients with carcinoma of the esophagus were operated upon in the department of chest cancer in Tianjin Cancer Hospital from January 1978 to January 1992. Eleven patients had a tumor located in the upper part of the thoracic esophagus; 30 patients in the middle part and 22 patients in the lower part. Squamous cell carcinoma was 55 cases, adenocarcinoma was 7 cases and small cell carcinoma was 1 case. The classification by stages according to criteria established by UICC, based on operative evaluation, showed 3 patients in stage I; 24 patients in stage II and 25 patients in stage III. Forty-seven patients were operated as "curative" resection, 5 patients as "palliative" resection and 11 patients underwent exploratory laparotomy or thoracotomy alone. The total resection rate was 82.5%. For tumors in the upper thoracic part of the esophagus, a total esophagectomy was performed using the triple approach. In the remaining patients, a subtotal esophagectomy was performed using the Sweet technique. There were no operative deaths in all patients. One or more postoperative complications were seen in 16 patients (25.4%). The most frequently recorded complications were pulmonary ones. The survival rate at two, three and five years were respectively 65, 35 and 20% in patients who underwent "curative" resection. The survival rates for patients in whom resection was considered "palliative" was zero after 3 years and for patients who received exploration alone was zero after one year. The survival rates at 3 years for patients who underwent "curative" resection were respectively 100, 35 and 25% in stage I, stage II and staged III. We hold the view that the esophagectomy is still a predominant measure for esophageal carcinoma in the elderly and limited surgery (palliative resection) was recommended in consideration of the postoperative quality of life. If the elderly can tolerate the operative procedure, long-term survival with excellent functional status is attainable in this age group.