赤藓糖醇对变异链球菌产酸作用影响的研究

目的研究赤藓糖醇对变异链球菌产酸作用的影响,为赤藓糖醇的防龋应用提供依据。方法观察变异链球菌分别在质量分数1%、2%、4%、8%的赤藓糖醇、木糖醇和蔗糖胰蛋白胨-多价蛋白-酵母提取物（tryptone-polypeptone-yeast extract,TPY）液体培养基中培养24 h后pH值的变化;测定在以上浓度条件下,体外菌斑糖酵解模型产酸液的pH值变化。结果浓度为2%（q=5.63）、4%（q=4.12）、8%（q=5.77）时,变异链球菌在赤藓糖醇中pH值变化均小于蔗糖组,且差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;浓度为8%时,赤藓糖醇组的pH值变化较木糖醇组小,具有统计学意义（q=6.53,P〈0.05）;浓度为2%（q=6.73）、4%（q=6.11）、8%（q=6.98）时,赤藓糖醇对体外菌斑糖酵解模型的产酸pH值大于蔗糖组,具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;浓度为2%（q=5.46）、4%（q=6.49）、8%（q=6.01）时,赤藓糖醇对体外菌斑糖酵解模型的产酸pH值小于木糖醇组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论一定浓度的赤藓糖醇对变异链球菌产酸代谢和体外菌斑糖酵解模型产酸代谢具有较明显的抑制作用。     

Cultivable microbial flora associated with persistent periapical disease and coronal leakage after root canal treatment: a preliminary study

AIM: To identify the cultivable bacterial flora in root filled teeth with persistent periapical lesions and to locate their distribution within the root canal system using an in vitro sampling protocol. METHODOLOGY: Eight freshly extracted root filled teeth were collected from the Oral and Maxillo-facial Surgery Department, Eastman Dental Hospital. Seven teeth were associated with persistent apical periodontitis and also showed evidence of coronal leakage. Teeth were transferred to an anaerobic chamber immediately after careful extraction and sectioned transversely to give a crown (in all but one case) and two root segments (coronal and apical). Two samples were obtained from each segment, one from dentine and the other from the restoration or gutta-percha (GP) root filling (46 sites in total). The samples were dispersed, serially diluted and cultured on blood agar and fastidious anaerobic agar (with 5% defibrinated horse blood). The primary growth was subcultured to obtain pure isolates, which were identified by routine microbiological techniques and commercial enzyme tests. RESULTS: A total of 252 strains were isolated from all the teeth. Of all the isolates, the most prevalent bacteria were Gram-positive facultative anaerobes 189/252 (75%) with staphylococci (48/252, 19%), streptococci (44/252, 17%), enterococci (20/252, 8%) and Actinomyces species (20/252, 8%) being found in most of the teeth (6/8, 6/8, 5/8, 5/8 and 7/8, respectively). Of the obligate anaerobes (17%), peptostreptococci (7%) were also present in most teeth (7/8). A statistical association between bacterial flora and site (crown/coronal/apical) or surface (dental/GP/restoration) could not be shown. CONCLUSIONS: The predominant group of bacteria in root filled teeth with persistent apical periodontitis and coronal leakage was Gram-positive facultative anaerobes of which staphylococci followed by streptococci and enterococci were the most prevalent.     

Serum interleukin-8 level is a more sensitive marker than serum interleukin-6 level in monitoring the disease activity of recurrent aphthous ulcerations

BACKGROUND: Recurrent aphthous ulcerations (RAU) are common oral inflammatory lesions. Interleukin (IL)-8 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine of host response to injury and inflammation. Our recent study has found that measurement of serum IL-6 level can detect only 24% RAU patients with an abnormal serum level. In this study, we examined both the serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels in a group of RAU patients. The abilities of IL-6 and IL-8 to detect patients with an abnormal serum level were compared in order to find out whether IL-8 was a more sensitive serum marker than IL-6 in monitoring the disease activity of RAU. METHODS: In this study, we used a solid-phase, two-site sequential chemiluminescent immunometric assay to determine the baseline serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in 146 patients with RAU, 9 patients with traumatic ulcers (TU), and 54 normal control (NC) subjects. Eighty-two RAU patients, with the serum IL-6 or IL-8 levels higher than the upper limit of normal serum concentration, were treated with levamisole for 0.5-3.5 months, and their serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels were measured after treatment. RESULTS: We found that 25% (37/146) RAU patients, as well as 33% (20/61) major-type, 19% (13/69) minor-type, and 25% (4/16) herpetiform-type RAU patients, had a serum level of IL-6 greater than the upper normal limit of 4.7 pg/ml. In contrast, 60% (87/146) RAU patients, as well as 59% (36/61) major-type, 59% (41/69) minor-type, and 63% (10/16) herpetiform-type RAU patients, had a serum level of IL-8 greater than the upper normal limit of 8.7 pg/ml. In 82 RAU patients with the serum IL-6 or IL-8 levels higher than the upper limit of normal serum concentration, treatment with levamisole for a period of 0.5-3.5 months could significantly reduce the serum IL-6 level from 12.0 +/- 1.6 to 3.0 +/- 0.5 pg/ml (P < 0.001), and could significantly lower the serum IL-8 level from 70.9 +/- 11.2 to 13.8 +/- 3.1 pg/ml (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Because measurement of serum IL-8 level can detect 60% RAU patients with an abnormal serum level, while measurement of serum IL-6 level can detect only 25% RAU patients with an abnormal serum level, we conclude that serum IL-8 level is a more sensitive marker than serum IL-6 level in monitoring the disease activity of RAU. Levamisole can modulate both the serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels in RAU patients. IL-8, like IL-6, is also a useful serum marker in evaluating therapeutic effects of levamisole on RAU patients.     

Pulmonary metastases of malignant tumors of the oral and maxillofacial region. Analysis of 70 cases

Records of 685 cases of malignant tumors in the oral and maxillofacial regions were collected. Pulmonary metastases occurred in 70 of these cases. The metastatic rate was 10.2%. Roentgenographic appearances of pulmonary metastases were divided into 3 types: (1) Multiple ball-like lesion (78%); (2) Single ball-like lesion (14%); (3) Irregular lesion (8%). When metastasis was single, diagnosis was made according to the location of the metastasis and comparison between and old recent roentgenograms. Pulmonary metastasis was more frequent in tumors of the submandibular gland (34.5%), the base of the tongue (33.3%), and the sublingual gland (27.3%). Adenoid cystic carcinoma (47.8%) and adenocarcinoma (26.5%) might readily develop pulmonary metastasis. Pulmonary metastasis was rare in squamous cell carcinoma (2.5%). The metastatic rates were 3.9%, 5.4%, 6.5%, and 7.1% in stage I, II, III and IV, respectively. The period between the occurrence of pulmonary metastasis and initial treatment was from 1 month to 8 years and 5 months, with a mean of 33.8 months. The period between the occurrence of pulmonary metastasis and death of the patient was from 1 month to 8 years and 8 months, with a mean of 21.4 months.     

Salivary shedding of HHV‐8 in people infected or not by human immunodeficiency virus 1

J Oral Pathol Med (2011) 40 : 97–102 Background: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8), the main agent involved in the etiopathogenesis of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is primarily transmitted through sexual contact. The potential of saliva as a source of HHV‐8 transmission remains unclear. The purpose of this work was to determine the frequency of HHV‐8 detection in saliva of HIV‐infected individuals and their family contacts. Methods: The study group comprised 210 individuals. Group 1: 35 HIV‐infected patients; group 2: 35 non‐HIV individuals; group 3: two siblings for each patient from group 1; group 4: two siblings for each individual from group 2. Each participant had non‐stimulated whole saliva collected and DNA was extracted. HHV‐8‐DNA amplification from ORF‐26 was performed using a nested PCR protocol. Results: HHV‐8 DNA was detected in saliva from 14/35 (40%) HIV‐infected individuals and 4/35 (11.4%) non‐HIV‐infected individuals (OR = 5.16, CI [1.49–17.88], P = 0.006). It was also possible to amplify HHV‐8 DNA in 11/70 (15.7%) relatives of HIV‐infected participants and 4/70 (5.71%) relatives of non‐HIV‐infected individuals(P = 0.041). Among the 14 group 1 patients with HHV‐8 DNA detected in saliva, eight (57.1%) had a household member in whom HHV‐8 DNA was also amplified (OR = 8, CI [1.58–40.29] P = 0.007). Conclusions: HHV‐8 DNA is frequently found in saliva. HIV‐infected individuals showed a higher frequency of detection of HHV‐8 than healthy controls. HHV‐8 DNA was significantly amplified in saliva of household members of HIV/HHV‐8 co‐infected individuals.     

巨细胞病毒与复发性阿弗他溃疡T细胞亚群关系的研究

目的 了解不同时期复发性阿弗他溃疡（ＲＡＵ）患者外周血中Ｔ细胞亚群数量的变化,探讨巨细胞病毒对ＲＡＵ患者细胞免疫的影响。方法 采用ＡＰＡＡＰ法,分别对２６例溃疡期和１０例间歇期ＲＡＵ患者外周血ＣＤ４（辅助性／诱导性）和ＣＤ８（抑制性／杀伤性）细胞进行检测。结果 溃疡期ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８细胞百分率分别为３６．１９％和２９．３８％,ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８细胞比为１．２８,其中８例ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８细胞比例倒置,占２６     

A preliminary clinical study on the oral lesions among the Dumagats

The objectives of the preliminary study is to gather baseline data on oral lesions among Dumagat samples living in the vicinity of Angat Dam, San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan. Scores for CPITN (Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs), Loss of Attachment, DMFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth) and clinical oral lesions were determined from 41 Dumagat samples. Results of the study showed 61% had oral lesions of some type (37.8% females and 62.5% males). Lesions clinically detected were; betal nut chewer's mucosa (44%), leukoedema (6%), melanin pigmentation (8%), geographic tongue (16%), Fordyce's spots (8%), leukoplakia (6%) and Fibroepithelial papilloma (8%).     

Prospective evaluation of a pragmatic treatment rationale: open reduction and internal fixation of displaced and dislocated condyle and condylar head fractures and closed reduction of non-displaced, non-dislocated fractures Part II: high condylar and condylar head fractures

This study prospectively evaluated closed reduction (CR) outcomes in non-displaced, non-dislocated high-condylar and condylar-head fractures (Class VI after Spiessl and Schroll) and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of displaced (Class III) or dislocated (Class V) fractures. Thirty-eight patients with 54 fractures (16 (42%) with bilateral fractures, 14 (37%) CR, 24 (63%) ORIF) were enrolled in a 1 year follow-up that 18 patients with 33 fractures completed. Condylar translation in Class VI fractures recovered to 11 mm for vertical opening, 8mm for protrusion and 10 mm for mediotrusion; Class III synonymously 8 mm, 8 mm and 6 mm; and Class V 7 mm, 6mm and 7 mm; incisal movements recovered to 38 mm, 8 mm and 8 mm in Class VI; 55 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm in Class III with 1 (8%) malocclusion, 1 (8%) impaired vertical opening and 55 mm, 7 mm and 9 mm in Class V with 2 (18%) malocclusions. Fragment-reduction versus the non-fractured condyle was -0.3 mm to +1.3 mm and +3 degrees to +9 degrees in Class VI, -1 mm to -0.2 mm and +3 degrees to +2 degrees in Class III, -3.3 mm to +3.1 mm and -11.2 degrees to +1 degrees in Class V. Malocclusion and joint locking were unreliable determinants for a treatment decision, being forged by concomitant fractures. Joint movements were within normal range at 1-year follow-up except Classes III and V vertical opening translation. After predefined criteria, 92% successful outcomes were attained. Multiple factor analysis should be used to prospectively evaluate the unacceptable clinical outcomes. Class VI fractures with intact vertical support should prospectively be evaluated whether these benefit from ORIF.     

8-羟基脱氧鸟苷在酒精相关性口腔黏膜癌变中的表达及意义

目的通过检测8-OHdG的含量,探讨DNA氧化损伤与酒精相关性口腔癌发生的相关性。方法将100只小鼠(B6.129SF2/J)分3组,阴性对照组不做任何处理;4NQO处理组饮用50μg/ml 4NQO水溶液16周,然后饮用纯净水8周;4NQO+酒精处理组,饮用50μg/ml 4NQO水溶液16周,然后饮用8%酒精溶液8周。实验第24周末处死全部动物,取舌组织行组织病理学观察和BrdU、8-OHdG免疫组化染色。结果阴性对照组未发现上皮异常增生或癌变;4NQO处理组和4NQO+酒精处理组小鼠口腔鳞癌发生率分别为22.7%和50.0%(P0.01)。在鳞癌的病变中,与4NQO处理组(13.46±6.11)%相比,4NQO+酒精处理组BrdU阳性率(18.65±10.50)%显著升高(P0.01)。在异常增生和癌组织中,4NQO+酒精处理组8-OHdG染色的IOD值均高于4NQO处理组(P0.05)。结论长期酒精摄入能够促进口腔癌的发生,其机制可能与在一定程度上引起DNA的氧化损伤有关。     

Oral and Genital Human Herpesvirus 8 and Human Papillomavirus in heterosexual partners

Background: The purpose of this study was to verify a possible co‐infection of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8) in commonly associated human papillomavirus (HPV) penile lesions and to determine the frequency of detection of these viruses in the oral mucosa of their female counterparts. Methods: Thirty‐one male subjects underwent penile swabs from clinical HPV‐related lesions. Their female counterparts underwent swabs of the vagina, uterine cervix, and oral mucosa. HPV and HHV‐8 detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction using the consensus primers MY11/MY09 and KS1/KS2, respectively. Results: HPV DNA was detected in 31/31 penile lesions. HPV DNA was also detected in 18/31 (58%) female genital brushings and 17/31 (54%) female oral brushings. HHV‐8 DNA was detected in 1/31 (3.2%) male genital brushings and 3/31 (9.6%) female oral mucosa brushings. None of the female genital brushings were HHV‐8 DNA‐infected. Conclusions: Based upon the results of this study, co‐infection between HPV and HHV‐8 in malignant and pre‐malignant penile lesions is an unlikely finding.     

The oral health and treatment needs of schoolchildren in Trinidad and Tobago: findings of a national survey

OBJECTIVE: To describe the oral health and treatment need of schoolchildren in Trinidad and Tobago. DESIGN AND METHOD: Cross-sectional survey using stratified cluster sampling. Participants were children in primary (aged 6-8 years) and secondary school (aged 12 and 15 years). Main outcome measures were DMFT/dmft, treatment need, and fluorosis. RESULTS: Examinations were completed on 1064 children. The dmft of the 6-8-year-olds was 2.54 (95% CI = 2.32, 2.76). For 12-year-olds, the DMFT was 0.61 (95% CI = 0.51, 0.71), whereas for 15-year-olds, the DMFT was 1.06 (95% CI = 0.87, 1.25). Most of the caries experience in 6-8-year-olds was from decayed teeth. Sixty-seven per cent of the sample (95% CI = 64%, 69%) had some type of treatment need. Most frequently occurring need was for fillings at 42% (95% CI = 40%, 44%) with 28% (95% CI = 26%, 31%) of the total sample needing two or more surface fillings, followed by fissure sealants at 33% (95% CI = 30%, 36%) and caries-arresting care at 12% (95% CI = 10%, 14%). Extraction of one or more teeth was needed in 13% (95% CI = 11%, 15%) of children. Rates of fluorosis were negligible. CONCLUSION: The caries experience of 12- and 15-year-old children were low but was high for schoolchildren aged 6-8 years, in terms of prevalence and severity. Effective oral health promotion strategies need to be implemented to improve the oral health of primary schoolchildren in Trinidad and Tobago.     

龈沟液中的IL—8抑制因子及其生物活性

In order to confirm the existence of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) inhibitor and its biological activity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), this study examined the GCF taken from 7 adult periodontitis (AP) patients. In neutralization test of IL-8, the results showed that the mean level of IL-8 was less than 1 ng/ml, which had been added into the GCF before ELESAs was performed to measure the amount of IL-8 in GCF. The mean level of IL-8 in the GCF of AP group was significantly lower than that of healthy group (P < 0.001). In biological activity test of IL-8 inhibitor, using pooled GCF taken from 8 AP patients (23 teeth), the results showed that the GCF (without recombinant human IL-8, rhIL-8) caused more white blood cell (WBC) migration than blank control group (physiological saline) did. When the amount of rhIL-8 increased in GCF from 0.1 microgram to 1 microgram, the WBC count increased by 18.6% which was less than the increase rate (49.1%) in control group with same dose of IL-8. In the saline group containing rhIL-8, the WBC chemotactic response appeared as an inverted "V"-shape curve. All these data suggested that 1. Certain kinds of IL-8 inhibitor exist in GCF which can "cleave" IL-8. 2. The level of IL-8 inhibitor(s) increases significantly in the GCF from periodontitis sites. 3. The GCF of adult periodontitis patient has strong chemotactic effects on WBC. IL-8 inhibitor(s) in GCF can slightly suppress the chemotactic effect induced by IL-8. When assessing the role of IL-8 in pathophysiology, the high and low dose of IL-8 might have different sense.     

Comparison of procedural errors resulting during root canal preparations completed by senior dental students in patients using an '8-step method' versus 'serial step-back technique'

OBJECTIVE: To compare procedural errors that occur in patients during root canal preparation by senior dental students using a new '8-step method' versus the traditional 'serial step-back technique.' STUDY DESIGN: Senior dental students treated 221 root canals of maxillary and mandibular teeth. Instrumentation included coronal flaring with Gates-Glidden reamers and standardized stainless steel K-files in all teeth. A new 8-step method was used to prepare 67 canals using standardized stainless steel hand instruments (8-step SS) and 69 canals using the rotary Nickel Titanium instruments (8-step NiTi). The traditional serial step-back technique (step-back) was used for 85 root canals. In the apical third, reaming or filing motions were used up to sizes 25 and only reaming motion in sizes larger than 25 with the new 8-step method. A filing motion was used in the step-back for all sizes. Root canals of all groups were obturated with gutta-percha points and AH26 using a lateral condensation technique. Pre- and postoperative radiographs were taken of each tooth. Procedural errors were recorded and statistically analyzed using a binomic test for comparison of proportion. RESULTS: Procedural errors detected consisted of 2 canals with transportation (3%) with the 8-step SS, and 3 canals (4%) with transportation with 8-step NiTi. There were no canal obstructions or instrument separations. With the step-back, 20 canals were transported (24%), 7 canals had obstructions (8%), and in 1 canal instrument was separated (1%). CONCLUSIONS: The new 8-step method resulted in fewer procedural errors than the traditional serial step-back technique when senior students prepared root canals in patients either by hand with standardized K-files or by rotary NiTi instrumentation.     

牙龈成纤维细胞、牙周膜细胞对白细胞介素8的趋化反应

目的评价牙龈成纤维细胞、牙周膜细胞对白细胞介素8（interleukin-8,IL-8）的趋化反应。方法将体外培养第6代的牙龈成纤维细胞和牙周膜细胞（2.5×10     

Herpesviruses 6, 7 and 8 in HIV- and non-HIV-associated periodontitis

Human herpesviruses, especially cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus type-1, occur with higher frequency in subgingival specimens from periodontitis lesions than from healthy/gingivitis sites. Little or no information is available on the relationship between herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) and herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and periodontal disease. This study determined the periodontal occurrence of HHV-6, HHV-7 and HHV-8 in 21 HIV-seropositive and 14 HIV-negative adults affected by periodontitis. Gingival biopsy specimens and paper-point samples of subgingival plaque were collected from sites showing 5 mm or more in probing depth. Nested polymerase chain reaction methodology was employed in herpesvirus identification. In the HIV-seropositive periodontitis group, 90% of gingival biopsies and 62% of subgingival plaque samples revealed at least one of the test viruses. HHV-6 occurred in 71%, HHV-7 in 67% and HHV-8 in 24% of gingival biopsies. In the HIV-negative adult periodontitis group, 43% of gingival biopsies showed at least 1 of the test viruses, with HHV-6 present in 21% and H HV-7 in 29% of gingival biopsies and with no detection of HHV-8. The combined occurrence of the 3 test herpesviruses was significantly higher in HIV-seropositive than in HIV-negative adult periodontitis patients (p = 0.008). The human periodontium might constitute a site of infection or reservoir for HHV-6, -7, -8.     

Expression of CD44s, CD44v5, CD44v6 and CD44v7-8 in betel quid chewing-associated oral premalignant lesions and squamous cell carcinomas in Taiwan

Aberrant expression of the cell surface adhesion molecule CD44 and its variant forms has been shown to be associated with the invasive and metastatic potential of cancer cells, and with poor prognosis in several types of cancers. Expression of CD44 standard (CD44s) and variant (CD44v) forms in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), epithelial dysplasia (ED), epithelial hyperkeratosis (EH) and normal buccal mucosa (NBM) have been examined using antibodies to CD44s, CD44v5, CD44v6 and CD44v7-8. Positive CD44s, CD44v5, CD44v6 and CD44v7-8 staining was detected in all the specimens from NBM, EH and ED. Positive staining of CD44s, CD44v5, CD44v6 or CD44v7-8 was detected in 55 (88.7%), 48 (77.4%), 59 (95.2%) and 22 (35.5%) of the 62 SCC specimens, respectively. The positive staining of CD44v7-8 in oral SCC was significantly less than that in NBM ( P <0.01). No significant correlation was found between CD44v7-8 expression and daily or total consumption of betel quids or cigarettes by the SCC patients. The 5-year survival rate for patients with CD44v7-8-positive tumours was significantly higher than that for the CD44v7-8-negative group ( P <0.03). These results indicate that loss of CD44v7-8 expression may be a valuable factor for determining prognosis in oral SCC patients.     

纳米碳混悬液示踪早期舌鳞癌前哨淋巴结的临床研究

目的 评估纳米碳混悬液示踪cT1-2N0舌鳞癌前哨淋巴结的效果,进一步探究其在口腔癌前哨淋巴结活检中的应用价值. 方法 58例cT1-2N0的舌鳞癌患者被纳入本次前瞻性研究. 其中试验组30例患者术前于癌周注射纳米碳混悬液,对照组28例患者术前癌周注射亚甲蓝. 所有受试者均接受选择性颈淋巴清扫术. 结果 试验组较对照组术野清晰,染色淋巴结与周围组织界限清楚. 试验组中,纳米碳混悬液对前哨淋巴结的检出率、敏感度、准确率和假阴性率分别为96. 7%(29/30)、87. 5%(7/8)、93. 3%(28/30)和12. 5%(1/8);对照组中亚甲蓝对前哨淋巴结的检出率、敏感度、准确率和假阴性率分别为92. 8%(26/28)、66. 7%(4/6)、85. 7%(24/28)和33. 3%(2/6),2组差异均无统计学意义(P>0. 05). 结论 纳米碳混悬液有助于前哨淋巴结的检出,注射纳米碳混悬液可作为舌鳞癌前哨淋巴结活检的重要辅助手段.     

Flow-cytometric analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets after different treatment methods in patients with pericoronitis.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether there was any change in T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with periocoronitis after the application of different treatment methods. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-six patients with acute pericoronitis were included in the study. In every phase of the treatment (pretreatment, postcurettage, and postextraction), the biopsy samples were taken from the gingival tissues at sites of pericoronitis. Then, CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocyte and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio values were determined using flow cytometry in the biopsy samples. At the same time, gingival index (L?e-Silness) and plaque index (Silness-L?e) scores were recorded to assess the periodontal status in patients. To determine the correlation between the clinical measurements and the laboratory results obtained before the treatment, after curettage, and after extraction, we conducted an analysis using a paired t-test. RESULTS: The normal values in peripheral blood of CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes are 25% to 29% and 19% to 48%, respectively. However, the CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocyte values in the patients with acute pericoronitis were found to be 22.12% +/- 6.15% and 7.69% +/- 4.12%, respectively. These values are lower than the normal values. The CD4(+) lymphocyte value increased to 31.06% +/- 7.09% postcurettage and to 32.24% +/- 3.11% postextraction. The CD8(+) lymphocyte value increased to 16.21% +/- 5.27% postcurettage and to 18.25% +/- 3.13% postextraction. The CD4/CD8 ratio increased postcurettage and postextraction. This increase was statistically significant (P <.001). Postcurettage, there was decrease in clinical indexes, which was statistically significant (P <.001). A significant correlation between CD4(+) lymphocyte and ginigival index values and also between CD8(+) lymphocyte and plaque index values was determined postcurettage (P <.05). CONCLUSION: CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes could play a significant role in pericoronitis pathobiology.     

载锌基沸石咪唑的疏基化海藻酸钙复合水凝胶治疗大鼠牙周炎的实验研究

目的: 探讨载有锌基沸石咪唑的黏附性疏基化海藻酸钙复合水凝胶（ZIF-8@CHA-SH）治疗牙周炎的可行性。方法: 进行ZIF-8@CHA-SH的制备与表征,观察形貌结构和分析化学组成。采用平板涂布法和扫描电镜检测抗菌性能,利用CCK-8和活/死细胞荧光染色法评估ZIF-8@CHA-SH对牙龈成纤维细胞的毒性,通过动物实验验证ZIF-8@CHA-SH的抗炎作用。采用GraphPad Prism 7.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果: 通过扫描电镜、能谱分析、傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射证明,ZIF-8@CHA-SH成功合成。ZIF-8@CHA-SH具有优异的抗菌能力,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和变异链球菌的抗菌率分别为（99.88±0.12）%、（99.81±0.32）%和（95.53±3.08）%（P<0.001）;ZIF-8@CHA-SH具有良好的生物安全性,与人牙龈成纤维细胞共培养5天后的细胞存活率为（91.64±3.66）%（P=0.6）。体内实验表明,ZIF-8@CHA-SH可减少大鼠牙周炎的炎细胞浸润和促炎因子IL-6的表达,具有一定的抗炎能力。结论: ZIF-8@CHA-SH生物性能优异,可有效抑制细菌引起的牙周炎,为未来牙周疾病的治疗提供了新的途径。     

Effect of experimental diabetes on mandible growth in rats

The aim of the present work was to assess the effects of experimental diabetes on mandible growth in rats. Experimental diabetes was induced in rats, aged 26 d, by a single dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. of Streptozotocin (STZ). Thirty-one d post STZ or vehicle injection, the animals were killed. Mandibles were resected to determine Mandibular Skeletal Units dimensions (MSU) and overall mandible growth. Statistical analysis of results revealed, for STZ treated animals as compared to the control group: 1) a decrease in b.w.; 2) an increase in food intake; 3) an increase in glucemia (200%); 4) normal hemoglobin, creatinine and plasma urea values; 5) a reduction in growth of symphyseal (9%), coronoid (16%), and alveolar (13%) heights, condyloid (11%), angular (8%), and base (3%) lengths, and condyloid width (8%). Mandibular length (4%), height (8%) and length of base (6%) were significantly lower in diabetic animals as compared to the control group. No significant differences in length of symphyseal process, alveolar length and height of base were found between groups. Rats on a restricted diet, resulting in a decreased b.w., and the control group exhibited similar mandibular dimensions. These data show that STZ-induced diabetes reduces mandibular growth, resulting in some deformity of the structure.