外科导萌和正畸联合矫治上颌埋伏弯曲牙的疗效评价

目的:通过对无萌出能力的上颌埋伏弯曲牙的临床治疗分析,探讨弯曲牙正畸牵引治疗的效果。方法:对24例26颗无萌出能力的上颌埋伏弯曲牙进行摄片定位,拓展间隙后行外科开窗术 正畸牵引治疗。结果:24例埋伏牙中,成功17颗,占65.4%;效果一般6颗,占23.1%;失败3颗,占11.5%;24例埋伏牙平均破龈时间为7.5个月,最长13个月,最短3个月;26颗埋伏牙牙髓活力测验全部正常,未见根吸收、黏连。3颗唇侧出现2～4mm的牙龈退缩;2颗分别出现1.0mm和2.5mm的边缘骨丧失;1颗未能完全进入相应牙位,需以后配合光固化或烤瓷再度修复。3例不能进入相应的牙位,其中2例被迫拔除,其余均牵引入列。结论:选择良好的适应证、准确的定位、足够的间隙、适当的牵引力、支抗和有效控制炎症,循序渐进是治疗埋伏弯曲牙成功的关键。     

右上颌畸形前牙埋伏阻生1例

<正>1临床资料患者,男性,12岁,汉族。因"右上颌恒前牙未萌1年"就诊。1年前右上颌乳牙有外伤史。否认家族中有类似病史。检查:张口正常。Ⅰ已脱落,ⅢⅡⅠ度松动,牙冠灰暗。321未见萌出,23反(牙合),1的唇侧牙龈局部呈淡蓝色,质软,范围0.8 cm×1.0 cm,无压痛。ⅢⅡ腭     

Supernumerary teeth: A review of the literature and four case reports

A review of the literature relating to supernumerary teeth is presented along with four case reports to illustrate some possible presentations, diagnostic features, and treatment options.     

邯郸市乳牙期融合牙调查分析

目的了解邯郸地区乳牙融合牙的发生情况及分布特点,探讨乳牙融合牙对继承恒牙的影响。方法采用横断面研究方法,对邯郸市十所幼儿园3982名2～6岁儿童进行口腔检查,对其中86例乳牙融合牙患儿进行临床及X线检查,分析继承恒牙的缺失情况。结果 3982名儿童中融合牙发生率为2.16%。男女性别之间无统计差异;融合牙主要发生于下颌的前牙区。下颌占91.86%,上颌占8.14%,在86例融合牙患儿中,单侧型占80.23%,两侧型占19.77%。继承恒牙缺失率为60.94%,其中AB融合型与BC融合型发生继承恒牙缺失率无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论乳牙融合牙有一定发生率,乳牙融合牙对继承恒牙及恒牙列有影响,儿童口腔科医生应予重视并及时处理,预防各种口腔危害的发生。     

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目的探讨外伤脱位牙即刻再植的临床疗效及其影响因素。方法选择1993年10月至2005年10月于江西省萍乡市人民医院和广东工业大学医院口腔科就诊的外伤脱位牙患者46例60颗牙进行即刻再植,术后随访观察5年。结果再植牙术后5年成功率为75%,累计有11例15颗再植牙失败,失败原因主要为术后牙根吸收大于根长1/3(占60%)、继发感染(占26.7%)、固定不牢靠(占13.3%)。离体时间<30 min再植牙的牙髓成活率和牙周膜愈合率均高于离体时间>30 min的再植牙,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论即刻再植外伤脱位牙经适当的临床治疗仍可保留多年,再植成功的关键是严格选择适应证、正确选择离体牙储存介质、尽快植入缩短牙离体时间、尽可能保存牙周膜活性、牢靠的固定结合功能运动和及时有效防治感染。     

216例牙体牙髓病的临床资料分

作者对牙体牙髓科216例初诊患者的全口患牙情况，主诉牙与非主诉牙的疾病种类，疾病数量的分布等有关临床资料作了分析。结果表明初诊时医生从整体出发．对初诊患者做好全口牙的检查和进行系统治疗是非常必要的。     

Australian longitudinal study of time and order of eruption of primary teeth

Abstract Timing and sequence of eruption of primary teeth were studied longitudinally in 164 healthy Australian children. Eruption of primary teeth typically began between 7 and 8 months and was completed by 28 months. Tooth eruption was not significantly related to growth rate or to psychomotor maturity. Comparison of the eruption ages in this study with those from longitudinal studies in other countries suggests that no real changes in these have occurred over 40 yr despite increased affluence in industrialised countries over that period.     

Incidence and prediction of filled teeth from 12 to 18 years of age in a district in Norway

Abstract – The present study investigated whether the incidence or prevalence of filled teeth/ approximal surfaces at one age could be predictive for the incidence in another period or for the prevalence at the age of 18. The study was conducted in 12–18-yr-olds in Norway. Regression analysis showed that the best prognosis for subsequent incidence of filled teeth/approximal surfaces could be made at the age of 15. By using regression analysis or discriminant analysis it was possible at the age of 15 to predict with high accuracy those who would acquire more fillings than the median at the age of 18. Discriminant analysis with one predictor variable is suggested for clinical use. The variable that discriminated best between above and below median number of new fillings in the period 15 18 yr was untreated lesions in the inner half of the enamel in the approximal surfaces of premolars and molars at the age of 15. From the use of simple prediction tools, it was concluded that individuals at the age of 15 with a low prevalence of filled teeth/filled approximal surfaces and without untreated approximal lesions would be subjected to a low incidence of new fillings until the age of 18.     

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100多年来,口腔医生一直遵循GV Black的治疗原则.由于GV Black对牙齿再矿化能力和修复材料的性能了解不足,使得治疗过程中为了达到"预防性扩展"的目的,预备时过多磨损正常牙体组织[1].     

Variations in the number of teeth in wild Japanese serow (Naemorhedus crispus)

Skulls of 755 Japanese serow (Naemorhedus crispus) were examined for numerical anomalies of teeth, and these were found in 30 (4.0%) specimens. In addition to supernumerary and congenital missing teeth, embedded teeth were also identified. Supernumerary teeth were found in 10 (1.3%) specimens, congenital missing teeth were found in nine (1.2%) specimens, and embedded teeth were found in 11 (1.5%) specimens. Supernumerary teeth were found among the incisors, the upper and lower premolars, and the lower molars. Based on the appearance of certain tooth classes, their size, and their form, atavism was considered to be a possible cause of the occurrence of some of these teeth. Congenital missing teeth were found at the loci of the lower incisors, canines and P(2). In Japanese serow, there appeared to be a tendency for congenitally missing P(2) as well as P(1). All embedded teeth were found at the locus of P(2). These teeth may have occurred as an intermediate state between normal and congenital missing teeth. Variations in the number of teeth in Japanese serow were concordant with their phylogenetic background. Moreover, although variations in the number of cheek teeth tended to be concentrated in the mesial region of the premolars, the tendency in the incisive region was for teeth to appear mesial as well as distal within an incisor-tooth sequence. These results, which are not in accordance with terminal reduction theory, indicate that the phenomenon of tooth degeneration does not only occur at the end of a tooth row.     

Regional odontodysplasia: Long-term observation of a case on the mandibular left side

Regional odontodysplasia is an unusual non-hereditary developmental anomaly of tooth structures in both primary and permanent dentitions. The appropriate treatment differs for each individual's clinical findings. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical findings and the long-term progress as to the treatment and the management of a male patient who was diagnosed with regional odontodysplasia on the left side of the mandible. The mandibular left primary molars had shown a remarkable “ghost-like” appearance on x-ray, but they had already been extracted by an oral surgeon because of osteomyelitis due to pulpal infection, when the patient was referred to our pediatric dental clinic at 5 years of age. According to x-ray findings, the five permanent teeth (32, 33, 34, 35, 36) on the mandibular left side were delayed in formation. During the 15 years from age 5 to age 20, the patient was treated and managed in our clinic and the prosthodontic clinic of our hospital. Because the patient lost his mandibular left primary teeth early but presented delayed eruption of succedaneous permanent teeth, the patient used a temporary removable space maintainer for a long time. Although the affected first molar was extracted, the second premolar erupted and the other three unerupted teeth were not removed. The edentulous region was rehabilitated with a removable partial acrylic prosthesis when the patient was 19 years and 4 months. It was found that a multidisciplinary approach was essential for the long-term follow-up of typical regional odontodysplasia.     

儿童替牙期埋伏多生牙的诊断定位及拔除研究

目的：探讨多生牙在颌骨中埋伏的部位、定位性诊断和手术方法。方法：分别用不同类型的X线片来分析、判断各种埋伏多生牙在颌骨中的位置，从而做出正确的诊断。根据所得出的诊断，采用不同的手术进路，拔除多生牙。结果：根据手术实际情况所见，比较术前后临床及X线片检查，诊断符合率达到98．5％；手术拔除后的多生牙创口，术后均愈合良好，无一例感染。结论：埋伏多生牙通过不同类型X线片及临床检查相结合，均可做出正确的诊断。根据不同的定位性诊断，选择不同的术式。     

Contact wear of artificial denture teeth

Purpose

High wear resistance of denture teeth preserves good occlusal relationship and sufficient parafunctional stability. This in-vitro investigation aimed to determine and compare the wear performance of different artificial denture teeth.

埋伏阻生第三磨牙致第二磨牙牙根外吸收临床处理策略分析及病例报告

目的探讨对于埋伏阻生的第三磨牙导致第二磨牙牙根外吸收的治疗方案选择及预后分析。 方法纳入2019年1月至2021年12月期间于南方医科大学口腔医院因埋伏阻生第三磨牙导致相邻第二磨牙牙根外吸收而就诊的35例病例为观察对象，通过临床及锥形束CT（CBCT）检查，根据Ericson分类将吸收程度分为以下三类予以处理：（1）轻度吸收：16例。拔除阻生第三磨牙并在第二磨牙远中同期行骨移植术；（2）中度吸收：11例。拔除阻生第三磨牙同时保护其近中牙囊；（3）重度吸收：8例。拔除阻生第二磨牙，择期修复或行正畸治疗。于术后7 d、1个月及6个月对病例进行临床及影像学检查，随访术区及第二磨牙预后情况。 结果15例第二磨牙牙根轻度吸收及10例中度吸收病例术后6个月随访，CBCT显示牙根外吸收程度较术前无加重，第二磨牙牙髓活力正常；1例轻度吸收病例失访，1例中度吸收病例出现第二磨牙牙髓坏死；8例重度吸收病例在拔除第二磨牙后进行种植或正畸治疗。 结论通过术前CBCT检查可准确判断埋伏阻生第三磨牙导致第二磨牙牙根外吸收程度。对于牙根外吸收轻度及中度病例采用不同的干预方法可有效地阻断第二磨牙的牙根外吸收进程，且尽可能保留第二磨牙的牙髓活力。     

守护健康牙，治疗病患牙，保留天然牙

口腔健康是衡量一个国家口腔疾病防治水平和社会经济发展的重要指标。广东省口腔医学会提出"守护健康牙，治疗病患牙，保留天然牙"的指导思想，旨在防止经济发展和资本渗透使临床诊治出现商业化趋势，导致保留天然牙的诊疗主旨受到冲击，加强和凸显口腔医学各学科优势，引导口腔临床健康发展。     

12例牙根未发育成熟全脱位恒牙再植后疗效评价

目的研究保存牙髓对牙根未发育成熟的全脱位恒牙再植预后的影响。方法选择因外伤来院就诊的全脱位恒牙26颗,干燥保存,离体时间在1h～2h之间。试验组为13颗根尖孔未闭合的年轻恒牙,使用生理盐水冲洗完全脱位牙及牙槽窝,局麻下复位,树脂夹板固定,调(?),2周后拆除固定装置。对照组为13颗根尖已经闭合的恒牙,复位固定一周后进行常规牙髓治疗,Vitapex糊剂充填。6个月后更换一次糊剂。所有病例每三个月拍摄牙片,观察评价牙根吸收程度。随访18个月后。根据牙根是否发生炎症性吸收评价治疗是否成功。采用SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果再植后18个月,实验组成功率为46.2%,对照组成功率为84.6%,两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于保存条件差,离体时间长的根尖未闭合全脱位恒牙,建议复位固定一周后应采用常规牙髓治疗,充填Vitapex糊剂,以减轻髓腔内及根尖区炎症反应,促进牙本质桥形成,诱导根尖发育。     

多颗多生牙1例

多生牙是一种牙齿数目多于人体生理牙数的牙齿发育异常,数目一般为1～2颗,3颗以上者甚为少见,偶见多颗多生牙报道。本文报道1例由多生牙引起正常牙疼痛而发现的全口散在多颗多生牙病例。     

下颌双侧第四磨牙1例

额外牙是一种比较少见的牙齿发育异常现象,第四磨牙更是罕见,本文报道1例下颌双侧第四磨牙的病例。     

Long-Term Follow-up of a Patient with Multiple Congenitally Missing Teeth Treated with Autotransplantation and Orthodontics

This study describes the management of a case of multiple missing teeth involving premolar autotransplantation, othodontic treatment, and a 6-year follow-up of autotransplantation. The prognosis of the transplant was good with a satisfactory crown-root ratio. Autotransplantation is a viable treatment option that eliminates the need for prosthetic therapy or implants for children with missing permanent teeth.     

4例磨牙区多生牙

多生牙是一种牙齿数目多于人体生理牙数的发育异常,其主要发生在上颌的前牙区,发生在磨牙区的多生牙较为少见,本文报道4例发生在磨牙区的多生牙病例。