颏下岛状瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损应用进展

颏下岛状瓣是由面动脉-颏下动脉供血的轴型皮瓣,其制备简便,血供稳定,术后瘢痕隐蔽。自颏下岛状瓣开发以来,几经改良,用法灵活多样,一直受到口腔颌面外科、头颈外科、整形外科医生的青睐。目前,颏下岛状瓣已经广泛应用于口腔、口咽和面部缺损的修复,包括软腭、颧部、颞区等远处部位。颏下岛状瓣的广泛应用主要依赖于其血供特点,以及在此基础上的改良和血管蒂延长方法。文章就颏下岛状瓣的血供特点、皮瓣类型及改良、血管蒂延长方法以及在口腔颌面部缺损的创新性应用等做一综述,为临床医生选择颏下岛状瓣修复口腔颌面缺损提供全面的应用策略。     

颏下岛状皮瓣在修复舌癌术后缺损中的临床应用

目的:探讨颏下岛状皮瓣在修复舌癌术后组织缺损中的临床应用价值。方法:利用5具经10%甲醛溶液固定的国人成人男性标本,对颏下动脉相关解剖进行观测,并结合我院2005-09—2008-06使用颏下岛状皮瓣修复的9例舌癌患者进行临床回顾性分析。结果:颏下动脉走行恒定。9例颏下岛状皮瓣均成活,2例皮瓣远端表面部分坏死。修复后的舌黏膜表面光滑,运动受限不明显,吞咽功能良好。结论:颏下岛状皮瓣供血血管恒定,制备简单,成活率高,供区并发症少,且能够耐受放疗,是修复舌癌术后组织缺损较理想的皮瓣。     

颏下岛状皮瓣应用结果回访

目的　评价颏下岛状皮瓣的临床应用效果。方法　回顾应用颏下岛状皮瓣修复的头颈38例 ,观察其近、远期临床效果 ,分析头颈部放疗及颈淋巴结对皮瓣的影响。结果　应用该皮瓣修复成功 34例 ,恶性肿瘤 32例 ,1 6例曾接受过包括供瓣区在内的术前放疗 ,1 8例原发病灶手术切除同时行颈淋巴结清扫术 ,4例皮瓣坏死 ,所有修复成功的病例功能与外观均获得十分满意的效果。结论常规剂量的放疗不影响皮瓣的成活 ,掌握适应证 ,并不影响肿瘤手术治疗的彻底性。颏下岛状皮瓣用于口腔颌面部修复 ,在一定条件下不失为一最佳选择     

颏下区岛状肌皮瓣在口腔颌面部软组织缺损重建中的应用

目的:探讨颏下区岛状肌皮瓣在口腔颌面部软组织缺损重建中的临床应用效果.方法:以颌外动脉、面前静脉的分支颏下动、静脉为蒂制备颏下区岛状肌皮瓣,修复口腔颌面部软组织缺损.结果:应用该皮瓣修复的14例患者,12例全部成活,1例出现部分坏死,1例失败,成功率92.9%,全部病例切除原发灶同时行同侧颈淋巴结清扫术,术后外观与功能满意.结论:颏下岛状皮瓣具有长而可靠的血管蒂、厚薄适中、成活率高、切口隐蔽、无需血管吻合、操作简单等优点,是口腔颌面部软组织缺损一期重建的理想选择.     

游离皮瓣移植术(综述)

游离皮瓣,又称带血管蒂岛状皮瓣或带血管蒂游离皮瓣的移植术,此为用显微外科微血管吻合技术,将皮瓣蒂部血管与受皮区血管吻合,一次手术远处移植,来修复因外伤、肿瘤切除后以及某些畸形的软组织缺损。只要受皮区无严重感染,有较大的动脉和静脉伴行供皮瓣蒂部血管吻     

双颏神经血管蒂V-Y岛状推进皮瓣联合舌瓣功能性重建完全性下唇缺损

目的:评价双颏神经血管蒂V-Y岛状推进皮瓣联合舌瓣功能性重建完全性下唇缺损的效果。方法:对9例唇癌患者进行肿瘤切除术,并利用以颏神经血管束为蒂的双颏V-Y岛状推进皮瓣联合舌瓣功能性重建下唇缺损。结果:皮瓣存活率达100%。随访6～20个月,患者唇部功能、感觉正常,且形态美观;均无局部复发或淋巴结转移。结论:双颏神经血管蒂V-Y岛状推进皮瓣联合舌瓣是唇癌切除后造成完全性下唇缺损的理想功能性修复方法。     

颏下岛状皮瓣在修复上颌骨ClassⅡb缺损的临床应用

目的:探讨采用颏下岛状皮瓣修复上颌骨低度恶性肿瘤术后ClassⅡb缺损的修复效果。方法:应用颏下岛状皮瓣修复上颌骨低度恶性肿瘤术后ClassⅡb类缺损病例9例(男4例,女5例)。所有病例均经病理学检查确诊为低度恶性肿瘤。行上颌骨次全切除后制备颏下岛状皮瓣行同期整复。结果:皮瓣长约为5.0~7.0 cm、宽约为3.0~4.0 cm,血管蒂平均长度为6.3 cm(5.0~7.5 cm);术后皮瓣全部成活,1例皮瓣远心端坏死约1/5,经修剪换药后愈合。术后3个月复诊患者语音、张口及吞咽功能良好。术后随访2~3年,无原发灶复发及颈淋巴结转移。结论:对于无区域性淋巴结转移及肿瘤范围未过腭中缝的上颌骨低度恶性肿瘤切除术后,上颌骨后份缺损(ClassⅡb缺损)可采用颏下岛状皮瓣修复,血管蒂长度足够,皮瓣大小及厚度合适,手术操作简单。     

原发灶对侧颏下岛状皮瓣整复口腔颌面部缺损的临床应用

目的 探讨用原发灶对侧颏下岛状皮瓣整复舌及口底缺损,丰富口腔颌面部缺损的整复方法.方法 选取5例舌及口底肿瘤切除术后缺损,用对侧颏下岛状皮瓣进行整复,观察疗效.结果 原发灶对侧颏下岛状皮瓣有足够的血管蒂到达对侧口底舌腹,修复皮瓣全部成活.结论 原发灶对侧颏下岛状皮瓣切取简单,手术时间短,成活率高,供区再次损伤畸形小,不...     

颏下岛状皮瓣在口腔颌面部肿瘤切除后软组织缺损修复中的应用

目的探讨颏下岛状皮瓣在口腔颌面部肿瘤切除后软组织缺损修复中的应用。方法分析颏下岛状皮瓣修复口腔颌面部肿瘤切除后软组织缺损7例,观察其近期临床效果。结果应用颏下岛状皮瓣修复7例患者,6例全部成活,1例出现小部分坏死,外观与功能满意。结论颏下岛状皮瓣具有供区隐蔽、距离近、厚度适中、易于成活、手术便利等优点,是口腔颌面部肿瘤切除后软组织缺损修复的较理想选择。     

应用面动脉-颏下动脉岛状肌皮瓣修复舌癌术后缺损

目的：探讨面动脉-颏下动脉岛状肌皮瓣同期修复舌癌术后缺损的效果。方法：2005年1月—2006年1月收治舌癌患者11例,其中男6例,女5例,全部采用面动脉-颏下动脉岛状皮瓣对舌癌根治性切除后半舌缺损进行同期整复,皮瓣最小8cm×3cm,最大12cm×4.5cm。结果：11例皮瓣全部存活,术后随访1a,未发现复发和转移。全部皮瓣形态、质地良好,面部外形满意。结论：面动脉-颏下动脉岛状皮瓣具有可靠血供,操作简便安全,适合同期修复T2期舌癌术后半舌缺损。     

延长颏下动脉穿支皮瓣血管蒂修复口腔颌面部缺损的临床应用

目的:本研究通过延长颏下动脉穿支皮瓣(submental artery perforator flap,SMAPF)血管蒂的3种方法修复口腔颌面部距供区较远的缺损,并对其可行性及临床效果评价.方法:选取自2019年1月—2021年2月于中国医科大学附属口腔医院颌面头颈肿瘤外科就诊并收治,行同侧颏下动脉穿支皮瓣手术修复口...     

The submental island flap in head and neck reconstruction

The authors describe their experience with the submental island flap for the primary correction of head and neck deformities following oncologic surgery, over the past 5 years. The use of this flap is reported in 12 patients, with a mean age of 67 years, requiring facial or intraoral reconstruction. A brief review of the key points and some refinements in the operative technique are discussed. The reconstruction of defects with a submental island flap was successful in every patient. Complications encountered were one case of temporary palsy of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve and one case of orocutaneous fistula. All the donor site defects were closed primarily. The submental island flap is an excellent choice for the reconstruction of head and neck defects because of its reliability, versatility, colour and texture match, and relative ease of application.     

逆行面动脉-颏下动脉岛状肌瓣修复良性肿瘤切除后面部畸形

目的:评价应用逆行面动脉-颏下动脉岛状肌瓣修复面部畸形的可行性。方法:应用逆行面动脉-颏下动脉菱形岛状肌瓣修复5例良性肿瘤切除后面部畸形。男1例,女4例,年龄29~36岁。面颊部和颞下部复发性多行性腺瘤4例,复发性基底细胞腺瘤1例。结果:5例患者均获得良好的效果,未发生皮瓣坏死和其他并发症。皮瓣受区外观满意,功能恢复良好,未出现供区并发症。经术后20~24个月随访,无一例复发。结论:逆行面动脉-颏下动脉岛状肌瓣安全可靠,制备简单快速,适合颊部、颞下部良性肿瘤切除后中上面部畸形的修复。     

The submental flap in facial reconstruction: advantages and limitations.

PURPOSE: Complex defects resulting from surgical excision of facial cancer sometimes require reconstruction using microvascular free tissue transfer. Tissue transfer from areas distant from the face can resolve many problems, but often provides a poor cosmetic match with facial skin. The submental flap helps surmount this problem. Cervical skin has similarities with face skin, and because this is a regional flap, it helps eliminate microsurgical risks. In this article we present a series of 9 cases, review the anatomy and the surgical technique, and explain the advantages and limitations of the submental flap. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A successive series of 9 patients in which this reconstruction was performed was reviewed retrospectively, and the results were analyzed. RESULTS: Submental flap facial reconstruction was performed on 9 patients (8 men and 1 woman) between 1993 and 2004. Mean patient age was 53.6 years (range, 43 to 81 years). Eight of the 9 external skin coverage cases were associated with excision of cutaneous malignancies; 1 case involved treatment of burn sequelae. There were no cases of marginal mandibular nerve palsy. In 6 cases, venous drainage was disrupted after raising the flap, but without causing flap loss. This disruption was overcome in 4 to 5 days without the need for flap revision or any other interventions. Partial loss of the distal extent of the flap occurred in 2 cases. In all cases, moderately good skin color and texture match was achieved. Debulking of the flap was needed in 6 cases. The donor site recovered well with no hypertrophic scarring and no restriction to neck movement. CONCLUSIONS: The submental artery island flap is a useful reconstructive procedure that offers options to the reconstructive surgeon and has definite advantages over distant flaps in terms of ease of dissection and donor site appearance.     

应用颏下岛状皮瓣修复24例早期口腔癌术后缺损疗效评价

目的： 评价应用颏下岛状皮瓣修复早期舌、颊、牙龈癌术后组织缺损的疗效。方法： 选择2014年11月—2017年8月收治的24例早期口腔癌患者,其中舌癌16例,牙龈癌5例,颊癌3例。患侧行肩胛舌骨上颈淋巴清扫术后,扩大切除病灶,同期应用3 cm×4 cm～5 cm×7 cm颏下岛状皮瓣修复组织缺损,对皮瓣成活、肿瘤复发、患者生存时间与生存质量进行评价。结果： 23/24例皮瓣成活,成活率为96%。术后随访3～30个月,1例牙龈癌局部复发,复发率为4%;2例舌癌远期颈部淋巴结转移,发生率为8%。患者言语、进食基本正常,对口腔形态及功能比较满意,随访期内未发生死亡病例。结论： 传统带蒂颏下岛状皮瓣制备简单,成活率高,手术创伤小,术后护理容易,是修复早期舌、颊、牙龈癌术后缺损的一种比较安全、可靠的方式。