唾液外泌体在口腔鳞状细胞癌的研究进展

口腔鳞状细胞癌 (oral squamous cell carcinoma,OSCC)是影响人类健康的主要恶性肿瘤之一。由于缺少早期筛查及检测的肿瘤生物标记物,导致晚期口腔癌的致死率达到50%。外泌体(exosomes)是细胞释放到细胞外的纳米级囊泡,广泛分布于唾液中,携带生物活性分子,介导肿瘤细胞和肿瘤微环境之间的相互作用。随着对外泌体研究的深入,发现外泌体与口腔疾病的诊断和治疗有着密切的关系,可作为口腔癌早期筛查的理想标志物。本文就唾液中外泌体在口腔鳞状细胞癌的研究进展作一综述,为口腔癌早期诊断的研究提供参考。     

外泌体与口腔疾病关系的研究进展

外泌体是由各种类型的细胞分泌的多形性囊泡样小体,其中含有蛋白质和RNA等多种成分,具有抗肿瘤免疫、促血管新生等生理功能,并且与口腔疾病密切相关.外泌体可作为口腔癌、口腔黏膜病、唾液腺疾病等口腔疾病诊断的生物标志物,还有作为口腔癌候选抗癌疫苗的可能.本文主要就外泌体及其与口腔疾病的关系作一综述.     

外泌体在牙周炎发生发展及诊疗中作用研究进展

外泌体由体内多种细胞分泌,是含有核酸、蛋白质及脂质的微小囊泡结构,广泛存在于体液中。现有研究表明外泌体在牙周炎发生发展、诊断及治疗方面具有重要作用。微生物源性和宿主源性外泌体可通过调节细胞炎症水平或机体免疫反应来影响牙周炎的发生发展。唾液外泌体易采集、含量丰富且理化性质稳定,含有多种微小RNAs(microRNAs,miRNAs)和蛋白质等分子,近年来成为诊断牙周炎的新型生物标志物。在牙周炎的治疗中,外泌体用于修复牙槽骨缺损及促进牙髓牙本质再生的研究逐渐增多;此外,外泌体还具有靶向药物载体的潜能。基于外泌体的重要功能及应用价值,文章就外泌体在牙周炎发生发展、临床诊断及治疗等方面作用的研究进展做一综述,为后续研究及临床应用提供思路。     

口腔癌细胞来源外泌体miR-582-3p通过靶向SFRP1驱动口腔癌细胞的恶性表型

目的:探讨口腔癌细胞来源外泌体miR-582-3p对口腔癌细胞的恶性表型的影响及作用机制。方法:收集口腔患者血清和细胞上清外泌体,透射电镜和纳米颗粒示踪分析观察和鉴定外泌体。RT-qPCR检测microRNA-582-3p(miR-582-3p)及分泌卷曲相关蛋白1(secreted frizzled-related protein 1,SFRP1)的mRNA的表达。CCK-8、EdU实验、克隆形成实验、划痕实验和Transwell实验分别检测细胞活性、增殖、迁移和侵袭情况。双荧光素酶报告基因系统用于检测miR-582-3p与SFRP1的相关性。Western blot检测外泌体相关标志物(HSP70、CD81、CD9、CD63、TSG101和Alix)及SFRP1蛋白表达。异种移植瘤实验验证口腔癌细胞来源外泌体miR-582-3p在口腔癌中的促进作用。结果:口腔癌患者组织、血清及血清和细胞外泌体中miR-193b-3p表达明显升高。口腔癌细胞外泌体miR-582-3p促进口腔癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭。miR-582-3p可直接靶向SFRP1。过表达SFRP1减弱miR-582-3p对口...     

唾液细胞外囊泡作为生物标志物诊断口腔疾病的研究进展

唾液与血液相似,含有大量生物学信息,是进行非侵入性诊断的理想体液.细胞外囊泡(EVs)是存在于大多数体液(包括唾液)内的一组细胞来源的纳米级异质囊泡,主要包括外泌体和微囊泡.细胞外囊泡是真核细胞和原核细胞共有的细胞间信号传递的媒介,可以将信号传递至受体细胞,从而介导细胞间通讯和信号传导;同时它在各种生物学功能中起着重要作用,包括蛋白质、核酸和脂质等生物活性分子的转移以及各种疾病的生理和病理过程的调节.由于这些特性,细胞外囊泡被认为是诊断和预测各种疾病极有价值的生物标志物.本文就唾液细胞外囊泡作为生物标志物诊断口腔疾病的研究进展作一综述.     

口腔来源外泌体研究进展

外泌体指从各种类型细胞中分泌的直径为40～100 nm的细胞外囊泡,其内含有来自细胞的脂质、蛋白质、核酸,可以通过质膜融合、表面受体介导的摄取、受体细胞内化等机制被装载到受体细胞,影响其功能和活动。外泌体中包含的RNA和miRNA可以随外泌体转移到受体细胞,并在受体细胞中被翻译,是遗传交换的新载体。口腔领域对外泌体的研究主要集中在外泌体介导细胞间通讯和调节免疫活性方面。文章通过对唾液、口腔癌和牙周致病菌来源的外泌体进行综述,总结口腔领域的外泌体研究进展。     

外泌体检测相关技术及其在口腔疾病诊断中的应用

外泌体是细胞分泌的纳米级囊泡,广泛存在于各类体液中。外泌体携带的多种生物活性物质可以在细胞间进行传递,从而影响机体生理和病理状态。在疾病的发生发展过程中,外泌体的含量和内容物常发生改变,且外泌体可以反映其来源细胞的特性。基于外泌体的独特性质,越来越多的研究人员将其作为理想的生物标志物,用于疾病的早期诊断及预后监测。目前,基于光学和非光学原理开发了多种技术手段用于分析疾病相关外泌体。文章就外泌体检测相关技术及其在口腔疾病诊断中的应用做一阐述。     

外泌体检测相关技术及其在口腔疾病诊断中的应用

 外泌体是细胞分泌的纳米级囊泡，广泛存在于各类体液中。外泌体携带的多种生物活性物质可以在细胞间进行传递，从而影响机体生理和病理状态。在疾病的发生发展过程中，外泌体的含量和内容物常发生改变，且外泌体可以反映其来源细胞的特性。基于外泌体的独特性质，越来越多的研究人员将其作为理想的生物标志物，用于疾病的早期诊断及预后监测。目前，基于光学和非光学原理开发了多种技术手段用于分析疾病相关外泌体。文章就外泌体检测相关技术及其在口腔疾病诊断中的应用做一阐述。     

口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体的生物功能及其临床应用

外泌体是细胞外囊泡中最小的一组,含有丰富的来自母细胞的信息,作为肿瘤微环境的重要组成部分,它可以通过细胞间通信和信号转导来诱发病理过程。近年来研究发现,口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体参与了肿瘤的发生发展、免疫调节、治疗等大部分过程。外泌体广泛存在于血液、唾液等体液中,对外泌体内容物进行检测分析,将有助于肿瘤的早期诊断、疗效评价和预后判断。文章就口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体的生物功能及其临床应用的研究进展做一阐述,以期为后续的研究提供参考。     

口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体的生物功能及其临床应用

 外泌体是细胞外囊泡中最小的一组，含有丰富的来自母细胞的信息，作为肿瘤微环境的重要组成部分，它可以通过细胞间通信和信号转导来诱发病理过程。近年来研究发现，口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体参与了肿瘤的发生发展、免疫调节、治疗等大部分过程。外泌体广泛存在于血液、唾液等体液中，对外泌体内容物进行检测分析，将有助于肿瘤的早期诊断、疗效评价和预后判断。文章就口腔颌面部肿瘤来源外泌体的生物功能及其临床应用的研究进展做一阐述，以期为后续的研究提供参考。     

Immunohistochemical evaluation of hedgehog signalling in epithelial/mesenchymal interactions in squamous cell carcinoma transformation: a pilot study

Precancerous lesions have been studied because of their carcinogenic potential and their association with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has been reported. In the tumour microenvironment, the processes of angiogenesis and tissue remodelling are regulated by a family of proteins (Hedgehog) described as being able to modulate epithelial/mesenchymal interactions. The objective of this study was to perform a comparative study of precancerous lesions and SCCs by immunohistochemistry for the presence of Sonic, Gli2, SMO and Patched proteins, members of the Hedgehog pathway. Sixteen cases diagnosed as actinic cheilitis associated with SCC were compared to normal oral mucosa. The sections were subjected to immunohistochemistry and the positively stained cells were counted by morphometric analysis. There was a significant progressive increase in expression of all proteins of the Hedgehog pathway, both in the epithelium and in the connective tissue, when sections of normal mucosa, dysplasia and carcinoma were compared (P < 0.05). Thus, one may suggest that the Hedgehog pathway in tumour transformation influences SCC, and more studies should be conducted to expand the understanding of the role of these proteins in neoplastic transformation.     

Oral piercings and their dental implications: a mini review

Oral piercing has become common in young adults in recent years. Adolescents are characterized by a compulsive tendency to distinguish themselves from the rest; differences in clothes, hairstyle, or "decorative" details are used to this effect, based on highly-diverse criteria. Dental health-care professionals need to be aware of the procedures and risks involved with oral piercings and the social and psychological reasons that lead people to engage in this practice, regardless of the risks. The present article addresses oral mutilation practices, specifically from the oral health perspective, as it is of concern to dental professionals due to the health risks and oral complications associated with such practices. The various oral ornaments, piercing sites, and their implications, orally, as well as systemically, have been discussed.     

211例口腔白斑的临床分析

目的：研究口腔白斑癌变和发病部位以及临床表现的关系。方法：对１８年来在我院就诊的２１１例临床和组织确诊为口腔白斑的患者进行了综合分析。结果：龈、舌、颊等部位为白斑高发区，其中有１４例白斑癌变，癌变率为６．６４％。结论：口腔白斑类型以颗粒型、溃疡型、疣状型癌变率较高。癌变高发部位为舌部，舌部又以舌侧缘（包括舌腹和舌缘）的癌变率为著。     

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口腔疾病患病率和发病率特别高,是主要的公共卫生问题之一。特别在社会低收入人群中,口腔疾病已经成为主要的疾病负担之一。本文就我国口腔流行病学资料,对我国目前口腔疾病的现状、改变的趋势、发展及对策做一论述和探讨。     

42例口腔鳞癌患者口腔粘膜和唾液菌群分布

目的:探讨口腔鳞癌对口腔菌群的影响。方法:42例口腔鳞癌患者常规联合根治术后给予头孢噻肟钠、奈替米星抗感染2周,分别检测其手术前后唾液、病变区粘膜或术区粘膜、正常粘膜可培养细菌的数量、构成比和检出率。结果:术前唾液细菌量(x=8110@108CFU/ml,lgx=819084)明显高于术后,术前病变区粘膜细菌量(x=5121@ 105CFU/cm2,lgx=517169)远高于对侧正常粘膜,优势菌群发生改变,病变区粘膜有外籍菌定植(白色念珠菌、绿脓杆菌)。术后切口区粘膜细菌量(x=4134@105CFU/cm2,lgx=516372)仍远高于对侧正常粘膜(x=7124@104CFU/ cm2,lgx=418599),链球菌属所占比例成倍增加。结论:口腔鳞癌可导致患者口腔菌群失调,增加感染的危险性及继发局部或全身感染。     

Morphometric computer‐assisted image analysis of oral epithelial cells in normal epithelium and leukoplakia

J Oral Pathol Med (2010) 39 149–154 Background: There are very few studies documenting morphometric parameters of normal oral mucosa and leukoplakia. The present study was undertaken to establish the morphometric parameters of the parabasal and spinous cells of normal oral epithelium. Analysis of changes occurring in these cells in leukoplakia was also done. Methods: This study was conducted on tissue sections of clinically normal oral mucosa and leukoplakia. Morphometric analysis was done for parabasal and spinous cells. Statistical analysis was done using one way ANOVA and Mann–Whitney test. Results: Morphometric parameters were greater in the spinous cells than in parabasal cells in normal oral mucosa. Leukoplakia showed greater cellular and nuclear parameters than normal mucosa. Conclusion: Normal oral epithelium showed site‐wise difference in cell and nuclear measurements. Nuclear parameters showed a statistically significant change than cellular parameters in dysplasia. These changes were expressed in the earliest stage of transformation to dysplasia.     

Cytomorphometric analysis of squames obtained from normal oral mucosa and lesions of oral leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma

Ramaesh T, Mendis BRRN, Ratnatunga N, Thattil RQ: Cytomorphometric analysis of squames obtained from normal oral mucosa and lesions of oral leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 1998; 27: 83–6. © Munksgaard, 1998.
Cell and nuclear diameters (CD and ND) were measured in squames obtained from normal buccal mucosa and lesions of oral leukoplakia and squamous carcinoma (SCC) also from buccal mucosa. The study groups consisted of Group 1: normal buccal mucosa ( n = 40); Group 2: lesions with no epithelial dysplasia ( n = 58); Group 3: lesions with epithelial dysplasia ( n = 27); and Group 4: SCC lesions ( n = 51). The mean CD and ND values were: Group 1: 51.78 (± 0.11) and 8.36 (± 0.49); Group 2: 45.73 (± 0.16) and 8.31(± 0.68); Group 3: 41.32 (± 0.13) and 9.04 (± 0.46); Group 4: 38.58 (± 0.11) and 10.10 (± 0.56) urn, respectively. Correlation between the ND and CD was positive for Group 1 ( r = 0.78, P < 0.05) and Group 2 ( r = 0.33, P < 0.05). There were no significant correlations in Groups 3 and 4. ANOVA showed significant differences ( P < 0.05) for CD between all four groups. Except between Groups 1 and 2, the ND was significantly different ( P < 0.05) between all groups. The results indicate that ND and CD could possibly be sensitive parameters in the diagnosis of oral premalignant and malignant lesions.     

口腔种植患者的口腔护理行为调查分析

目的：了解口腔种植患者的口腔护理行为,为口腔种植患者的口腔护理健康教育提供依据。方法：对在福建省级机关医院口腔科完成口腔种植义齿修复半年以上的患者进行问卷调查。结果：3.2%患者每天刷牙3次;34.8%患者刷牙时间大于3分钟;50.2%左右患者经常使用牙线和牙缝刷;30.3%患者经常使用冲牙器;仅6.7%患者做到戒烟;49.4%患者不按医嘱定期复查;65.2%患者未能进行牙周洁治。结论：口腔种植患者在口腔专业维护方面存在偏差,应加强健康教育,同时应特别注意文化程度较低的人群。