疗养护理病历存在的缺陷分析及防预对策

目的调查疗养护理病历存在的缺陷,探求提高护理疗案质量的改进措施。方法对2002年10月至2004年10月的护理病历检查结果进行归纳分析。结果医嘱记录单存在的质量缺陷146次,一般护理记录单存在的质量缺陷142次,体温单存在的质量缺陷68次。结论注重护士的在职培训、实施有效的监督管理是护理疗案质量的保障。     

临床护士心理压力源与工作满意度调查分析

目的了解临床护士面临的主要心理压力源,为护理管理者有效地帮助护士减轻和消除心理压力提供依据。方法采用自评式问卷调查的方法 ,对内江市2所三级乙等医院287名从事临床护理工作的护士进行问卷调查。结果临床护士的心理压力源依次来源于工作强度、职业需求、工作环境、人际关系、家庭经济收入等方面。其中来源于工作强度、人际关系及家庭方面的压力源,不同年龄组护理人员在其压力程度上差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论从事临床护理工作的护士存在着多种心理压力源,这些压力源是导致护士工作不满意的主要原因,也是护理的安全隐患之一,护理管理者应予以足够的重视,并定期针对不同的人群进行心理健康知识培训,建立有效的支持系统,及时帮助他们调整心理状态,减轻和消除压力,从而提高护士对本职工作的满意度和患者对护理服务的满意度。     

Ultrasonography evaluation during the weaning process: the heart,the diaphragm,the pleura and the lung

Purpose

On a regular basis, the intensivist encounters the patient who is difficult to wean from mechanical ventilatory support. The causes for failure to wean from mechanical ventilatory support are often multifactorial and involve a complex interplay between cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction. A potential application of point of care ultrasonography relates to its utility in the process of weaning the patient from mechanical ventilatory support.

Methods

This article reviews some applications of ultrasonography that may be relevant to the process of weaning from mechanical ventilatory support.

Results

The authors have divided these applications of ultrasonography into four separate categories: the assessment of cardiac, diaphragmatic, and lung function; and the identification of pleural effusion; which can all be evaluated with ultrasonography during a dynamic process in which the intensivist is uniquely positioned to use ultrasonography at the point of care.

Conclusions

Ultrasonography may have useful application during the weaning process from mechanical ventilatory support.