供应室护理人员职业环境危害因素及防护

医院工作场所中存在着各种有害的化学、物理、生物等环境及在作业过程中产生的其他职业有害因素叫做职业危害因素.对护士职业环境中常见的物理性、化学性、生物性、生理心理因素和可能对护士产生的健康危害展开叙述,以提高护士对各种职业危害的鉴别能力和增强护士的职业防护意识,促进医院管理层重视各种职业危害因素可能对护士产生健康危害,并积极采取相应措施减少此类危害的发生.     

消毒供应专业人员职业防护

供应室工作环境中存在着大量危害工作人员身体健康的多种有害因素，供廊室的工作是负责临床物品的回收、清洗、包装、消毒、灭菌、发放等，并经常使用各种方法进行消毒灭菌，而大多是对人体有害的。供麻室工作场所中存在的各种有害的化学、物理、生物等环境因素及作业过程中产生的其他职业有害因素比专科护士复杂，这些潜在的危险因素对供应室工作人员的健康造成威胁。因此，必须提高供应室工作人员的自我防范意识，做好日常工作的职业防范。     

手术室护士的职业危害分析及对策

目的:分析手术室护士的职业危害及对策。方法:对我院28名手术室护士采用问卷及谈话的方式调查工作中可能出现的职业危害,并提出相应的解决策略。结果:血源性感染、物理性感染和化学性感染是危害手术室护士的三大有害因素,针对具体情况采取相应措施进行防范。结论:手术室护士是一种高风险的职业,应对风险内容作具体了解并采取相应的防范措施,才能将手术室危害降到最低。     

手术室护士的职业危害与防护措施

总结了手术室护士职业危害的因素与防护措施，认为手术室护士的职业危害有物理、化学、生物、身心疲劳等因素。采取相应的防护措能够施减少或消除职业危害，避免或减少各种有害因素时手术室护士身心造成的危害，提高手术室工作人员的自我保护意识，确保手术室护士的职业安全。     

浅谈急诊室护士职业危害与防护

急诊科的护士因工作特殊性，使其处在各种意想不到的环境中。环境的特殊使得急诊护士不可避免地面临化学、物理、人为等多种因素感染的危害，使得急诊科护士成为高危人群。由此可见，经常在急诊室工作的护士，职业防护的各种措施已成为他们工作的第一要素。     

手术室护士的职业危害及自我防护

手术室护士长期工作在“密闭”环境里，由于职业因素所致的紧张、繁重、疲劳和生物节律的改变，同时受到环境内物理、化学、生物等因素的侵袭，直接或间接地接触到各种对人体健康有害的因素。因此，做好自身防护、维护工作人员的身心健康十分重要。     

急诊护士的职业危害因素及安全防护调查

目的 分析职业危险因素对护士的造成的伤害,使其充分认识工作中的健康和安全问题.方法 将职业危害分为三类,采用问卷调查法,分析了解各种危害因素对护士造成的危害情况.结果 心理社会性危害的伤害最大,其次是物理性伤害及其他伤害.结论 职业危险因素对护士的身心健康带来极大的伤害.加强安全防护,减少职业危害,可提高急诊抢救护理水平,为社会为医院做出最大的贡献.     

手术室护士职业危害因素及预防对策

手术室是为患者进行各种手术治疗和抢救的重要场所，各种尖端复杂手术都离不开手术室护士的密切配合，这就要求手术室护士不仅要有高质量的护理服务，还要有健康的体质。但是，手术室是一个相对“密闭”的空间，手术室护士由于工作环境的特殊性长期工作在“密闭”环境里，因职业压力源因素所致的紧张、繁重、疲劳和生物节律的改变，同时受到环境内物理、化学、生物等因素的侵袭，直接或间接接触到各种对人体有害健康的因素。因此加强手术室护士自身防护，保证手术室护士身心健康具有积极的社会意义。     

手术室护士职业暴露的防护

现代医院的手术室工作繁重，节奏紧张，手术室护士不仅要面对紧张繁重的工作压力，还要面对接触各种有害职业因素如病毒感染、化学制剂和挥发性麻醉药物等对空气的污染及电灼、噪音等危害因素。因此如何重视和预防手术室护士的职业危害已引起多方面的关注。     

重视影响护士健康的危险因素

护理工作是致力于人类健康的服务性工作,是特殊环境下的职业,护士作为维护和促进人类健康的主体,目前还存在着生物性、化学性、运动性、物理性、心理社会性等多种威胁健康的危险因素,严重影响着护理质量和护士队伍的稳定性,护士应充分认识工作中的健康与安全问题,提高自我防护意识,掌握维护心理健康的方法及改进护理管理措施,使护士的职业危害降到最低.     

Reproductive hazards in the workplace

To ensure comprehensive health care delivery to individuals in their childbearing years, nurses must consider the impact of workplace hazards on human reproduction. A number of variables, including the changing role of women in society, economic issues, and unexplained adverse reproductive outcomes are indications for routine assessment of reproductive health hazards in the workplace.     

作业场所职业卫生抽样监测系统设计初探

目的 探索设计作业场所职业卫生主动抽样监测系统.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法 .结果 经计算样本量需要分布在18个省份约65049家工矿企业,监测指标包括生产经营单位职业卫生管理、职业病及损失工作日、职业健康体检、职业危害事故等多个类别,企业监测数据主要通过监测信息系统上报与汇总.结论 有必要建立一个适合中国国情的作业场所职业卫生主动抽样监测系统,它可以通过主动性监测与调查工作,运用较少的人力、物力投入,较为准确地掌握全国职业危害情况.     

Migraine disorder: workplace implications and solutions.

Migraine disorder is disabling, costly, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. It affects employees' quality of life and ability to work or attend school, potentially decreasing their earning ability. Migraine disorder impacts the workplace substantially through absenteeism and presenteeism and increases health care costs. Although research on migraine disorder is expansive, no systematic research tool or design exists within population studies. This may account for the different prevalence rates seen, especially in African studies, which rely on verbal interviews instead of mail or telephone surveys. Women have a higher prevalence rate throughout the research, but they seek help more often than men. This may contribute to their higher rates, although hormones also play a role. Occupational health nurses can affect the outcome of migraine disorder for employees and employers. They can assist in identifying those employees with migraine disorder who are not diagnosed, those who have not investigated the various available medications, or the lifestyle changes that would decrease the intensity and frequency of migraine attacks. Research is needed to quantify the cost savings of workplace intervention in identifying employees with migraine disorder and its effect on absenteeism, presenteeism, and health care use. Occupational health nurses can determine the effectiveness of education by measuring motivation, lifestyle changes, and workplace modification against the intensity and frequency of migraine attacks. This, in turn, will yield measurable results in reducing absenteeism and presenteeism in the workplace. Occupational health nurses can spread this information through employees to their families. As more undiagnosed and undertreated individuals with migraine become educated and pursue diagnosis, treatment, and lifestyle changes, a measurable decrease in health care use and costs may occur. The economic impact of migraine disorder, in terms of workplace absenteeism and presenteeism and increased health care use by employees, continues to be of great concern. This impact may motivate employers to support workplace interventions that educate, screen, and refer migraineurs to appropriate care. Employers may also be motivated to request that a managed care model for migraine be included in health and welfare programs, which would allow for assignment of a nurse case manager with automatic referral to a neurologist. The workplace is an ideal environment for identifying and referring migraine sufferers who only self-treat for symptoms. Prompt and effective treatment, in and out of the workplace, will decrease the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks and increase the quality of life.     

Hong Kong nurses' perceptions of and participation in continuing nursing education

As medical technologies change, practicing nurses need to update their knowledge and skills to ensure quality health care for patients and to minimize possible health hazards in the workplace. This article describes a study that explored Hong Kong hospital nurses' perceptions of and participation in continuing nursing education. It found that Hong Kong nurses participate actively in continuing education out of a sense of professional responsibility and personal interest. However, consistent with findings from other studies, the major factors hindering nurses' participation are finances, family commitments, and time.     

Nurses' inclination to report work-related injuries: organizational, work-group, and individual factors associated with reporting.

Work-related injuries such as back strain are common among health care workers. Work-related injury data are a primary data source with which managers can assess workplace safety, yet many work-related injuries go unreported. This study examined organizational, work-group, and individual factors, and nurses' inclination to report a work-related injury. Using a cross-sectional mailed survey, a probability sample of currently employed nurses (N = 1,163) indicated their inclination to report a workplace injury. Inclination to report injuries was higher in organizations with onsite health programs and when health and safety committees included non-management nurses and occupational health representatives. Reporting was reduced when nurses felt a lack of concern for staff welfare from supervisors and a climate of blame for worker injuries were present. Nurses were also less inclined to report work-related injuries when working in jobs with non-standard work arrangements. Improvements in the reporting climate may influence the completeness and, thus, the value of injury data for identifying hazards in the workplace. These data could provide valuable information for targeting preventive initiatives.     

Occupational Health Hazards in the Interventional Laboratory: Time for a Safer Environment

This document is a consensus statement by the major American societies of physicians who work in the interventional laboratory environment. It reviews available data on the prevalence of occupational health risks and summarizes ongoing epidemiologic studies designed to further elucidate these risks. Its purpose is to affirm that the interventional laboratory poses workplace hazards that must be acknowledged, better understood, and mitigated to the greatest extent possible. Vigorous efforts are advocated to reduce these hazards. Interventional physicians and their professional societies, working together with industry, should strive toward minimizing operator radiation exposure, eliminating the need for personal protective apparel, and ending the orthopedic and ergonomic consequences of the interventional laboratory work environment.     

Working during pregnancy: psychological stressor or asset?

Nearly half of women continue working during at least part of pregnancy. Health promotion for the pregnant client includes a focus on the impact of work on her health and the health of her fetus. Concerns about environmental hazards in the workplace, workplace stressors, and a non-supportive work environment contribute to the psychological vulnerability of the pregnant worker. However, working can also provide the pregnant woman with important health resources. Because of the potential of work during pregnancy to be both a stressor and a benefit, individualized assessment and counseling for each pregnant woman is indicated.     

Injuries in adolescent workers. Health promotion and primary prevention.

1. Adolescent workers experience significant morbidity and mortality. Specific characteristics and lifestyle issues of adolescents increase their susceptibility to injury and illness. 2. Occupational and environmental health nurses need to advocate for improved legislation to protect children and adolescents and to develop better data collection and surveillance. 3. Occupational and environmental health nurses must bring awareness of the specific concerns for adolescent workers and developmentally appropriate injury prevention strategies to the community, industry, and labor groups. 4. Nurses in the workplace can become involved in STW programs and CLWT projects and provide impetus for promoting a comprehensive approach that recognizes the unique characteristics of adolescents, their health promotion needs, and their need to recognize and avoid hazards.     

Occupational health nursing as a component of baccalaureate nursing education

Much can be gained by the nursing profession and by society by having well-prepared, professional occupational health nurses. Furthermore, conceptual knowledge about occupational health will better prepare the non-specialized nurse for her or his nursing practice. Lastly, knowledge about the hazards and risks that may accompany one's occupation will increase the nurse's awareness of the hazards that she/he may face in her/his own occupational setting. For these reasons the incorporation of occupational health content in the baccalaureate nursing programs would be a singular achievement for the nursing profession. It is clear that work-related injuries and illnesses pose a major challenge to today's health care providers. Most occupational health problems are preventable. It is fitting and indeed imperative that members of the nursing profession be leaders in a concerted effort to reduce the many risks in the workplace. The U.S. Public Health Service (1983) states that it is their goal that "by 1990 at least 70% of primary health care providers should routinely elicit occupational health exposures as part of the patient (health) history and should know how to interpret the information in an understandable manner." It is only through the introduction of important occupational health concepts in baccalaureate schools of education that this goal will be accomplished. Knowledge about occupational health nursing is fragmented. Furthermore, an occupational health curriculum, when it does exist, is varied in its content and its emphasis. this stems in part from a dearth of knowledge and experience by educators in the field of occupational health.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Work organization and health issues in long-term care centers

This qualitative study explored common and divergent perceptions of caregivers and managers regarding occupational health and safety, work organization, and psychosocial concerns in long-term care centers. Both common and differing issues were identified. Both groups agreed on the importance of ergonomic concerns, the high prevalence of stress, and receptiveness to participatory health promotion programs. However, numerous work organization issues and physical and psychosocial workplace hazards were identified by certified nursing assistants but were not mentioned by managers. The results suggest that different perceptions naturally arise from people's varying positions in the occupational hierarchy and their consequent exposures to health and safety hazards. Improved systems of communication that allow frontline workers to express their concerns would make it possible to create solutions to these problems.