合同制护士付出-获得不平衡与离职意愿的相关研究

目的探讨合同制护士付出-获得不平衡与离职意愿的相关性，寻找导致合同制护士离职的原因，以稳定护理队伍。方法选择某三级甲等医院的338名合同制护士，采用付出一获得不平衡量表和离职意愿量表进行问卷调查。结果合同制护士付出-获得不平衡现状不理想，其中处于付出一获得不平衡状态的比例为79．88％，超负荷状态的比例为85．2l％。合同制护士付出一获得不平衡与离职意愿呈正相关（P〈0．01），付出-获得不平衡是导致合同制护士离职的主要因素之一。结论为减少人员流失，降低离职意愿，护理管理者可提高合同制护士福利待遇，给予一定的职业发展空间，多渠道纠正护士付出-获得不平衡状态，从而稳定护理队伍。     

开展优质护理服务活动对护士付出-获得不平衡状况的影响

目的 探讨优质护理服务对护士付出-获得不平衡状况的影响,为更好地发展优质护理和促进护士群体健康提供参考.方法 采用付出-获得不平衡(ERI)量表,对荆州市两所三级甲等医院348名护士实施优质护理服务前后的付出-获得不平衡状况进行问卷调查.结果 优质护理服务前后护士ERI比值分别为1.38±0.47、1.27±0.34;ERI比例分别为84.48％、81.03％,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；超负荷比例分别为72.99％、60.63％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).在付出、获得及超负荷3个维度干预前后之间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 优质护理服务改善了护士的“付出”状况,也增加了护士的“获得”,减轻了护士的超负荷工作状态,但未能改变护士“付出-获得不平衡”状态.医院管理者应采取相应对策改善护士的高付出、低回报状况,促进优质护理持续、高质量发展.     

三级甲等医院编内与编外护士付出-获得不平衡现状的调查

目的了解三级甲等医院编内与编外护士付出-获得的不平衡现状,以期为提出有针对性的管理措施提供依据。方法2011年10-12月,便利抽样法选择荆州市2所三级甲等医院的205名编内护士及183名编外护士为研究对象,采用付出-获得不平衡(the effort-reward imbalance,ERI)量表,对其进行付出-获得不平衡状况进行调查。结果编外护士在付出、获得与超负荷三个维度评分均高于编内护士,两者之间差异均有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05);编内及编外护士在获得维度中第2类因素"尊重的获得"上的评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05);在付出-获得不平衡状态与超负荷状态评分上的差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论编外护士的付出-获得不平衡状况与超负荷状态较编内护士突出。医院应实行择优转编机制,稳定护理队伍;配备足够护士,减轻护士的超负荷工作状态;真正实行同工同酬,调节编外护士的付出-获得不平衡感,维护护士的身心健康。     

荆州市8家医院临床护士付出-获得不平衡和工作投入的相关性研究

目的探讨临床护士付出-获得不平衡与工作投入之间的相关性。方法采用付出-获得不平衡量表和工作投入量表,对荆州市8家医院589名临床护士进行调查,采用描述性统计、相关性分析和回归分析进行数据分析。结果临床护士付出-获得不平衡比值为1.41,处于付出-获得不平衡状态的护士411名(69.8%),超负荷状态的护士430名(73.0%);工作投入总均分为(3.35±0.86)分。付出-获得不平衡中的付出、获得维度与工作投入及其活力、奉献、专注3个维度均呈正相关(P0.01),超负荷维度与其呈负相关(P0.01)。结论护士付出-获得不平衡状态及超负荷状况突出,工作投入处于中等水平;建议丰富护士的获得,平衡其付出-获得状况及减轻超负荷状况,以提高护士的工作投入。     

护士付出-获得不平衡状况对其工作投入的影响研究

目的 探讨付出-获得不平衡状况对护士工作投入的影响,为管理者提供参考.方法 采用付出-获得不平衡量表和工作投入量表对荆州市城区8所公立医院589名临床护士进行调查.结果 护士付出-获得不平衡状态比值为1.41,处于付出-获得不平衡状态的护士411名,占69.78％;超负荷状态护士430名,占73.01％;工作投入总均分为（3.35±0.86）分.医院等级、用工形式、付出-获得不平衡及超负荷是影响护士工作投入的主要因素.结论 护士付出-获得不平衡状态及超负荷状况突出,工作投入处于中等水平,平衡其付出-获得状况及减轻超负荷状况能提高护士的工作投入.     

临床护士付出-获得不平衡与留职意愿的相关性研究

目的调查临床护士付出-获得不平衡与留职意愿之间的相关性。方法采用付出-获得不平衡量表和留职意愿量表对荆州市8所医院589名临床护士进行调查。结果临床护士付出-获得不平衡比值为1.41,处于付出-获得不平衡状态的护士占69.78%,超负荷状态的护士占73.01%;留职意愿得分为(3.82±0.75)分;临床护士获得与留职意愿呈正相关,付出、超负荷与留置意愿呈负相关(P0.01)。结论护士付出-获得不平衡状态及超负荷状况突出,留职意愿处于中等水平。丰富护士的获得,平衡其付出-获得状况及减轻超负荷状况能提高护士的留职意愿。     

儿科门诊护士付出-获得不平衡对离职意愿的影响

[目的]了解儿科门诊护士付出-获得不平衡、离职意愿现状,并分析离职意愿的影响因素。[方法]采用付出-获得不平衡量表及离职意愿问卷,对山东省15所三级甲等综合医院的275名儿科门诊护士进行调查。[结果]儿科门诊护士的付出-获得不平衡值为1.11±0.36,其中有58.5%的儿科门诊护士处于付出-获得不平衡状态,超负荷状态的比例达83.6%,有47.3%的护士在近一年内有离职意愿;Logistic回归结果显示加班、合同制、付出-回报不平衡、超负荷及总体工作满意度是儿科门诊护士离职意愿的影响因素。[结论]儿科门诊护士离职意愿率较高,处于高付出、低回报及超负荷工作状态,医院应针对儿科门诊工作特点采取措施,纠正其付出-回报不平衡状态,降低儿科门诊护士的离职率。     

急诊科女性护士付出获得不平衡预测模型的研究

目的探讨急诊科女性护士付出获得不平衡现状的预测指标,为提出针对性管理措施提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,便利选取南通市3所三级甲等综合医院249名急诊科女性护士为研究对象,用一般资料问卷采集社会人口学特征,用付出-获得不平衡量表对其付出获得不平衡现状进行调查。用Logistic回归分析急诊科女性护士付出获得失衡现状的影响因素,用ROC曲线评价不同指标对急诊科女性护士付出获得失衡的预测能力及最佳界值。结果 249名急诊科女性护士中143人(57.43%)存在付出获得不平衡,二元Logistic回归分析显示月收入4 000元、本科学历、轮夜班、合同制和高超负荷是急诊科女性护士付出获得失衡的危险因素(P0.05)。综合多指标的预测模型的曲线下面积为0.901,界值为0.43,灵敏度为91.7%,特异度为67.0%,阳性似然比为2.780,阴性似然比为0.120,优于单一指标。结论急诊科女性护士付出获得不平衡预测模型具有较好的预测价值。     

信息-动机-行为技巧模型在护理领域的应用现状

介绍了信息-动机-行为技巧模型的产生和构成、国内外护理领域中的应用现状,并对该模型进行了评价,展望了该模型在国内护理领域中的运用。     

护士付出-获得不平衡现状及其对工作满意度的影响

目的：探讨护士工作中付出-获得不平衡现状及其对工作满意度的影响。方法：采用一般情况调查问卷、付出-获得不平衡（ERI）量表及护士工作满意度量表（MMSS）,对荆州市3家三级甲等医院及3家二级甲等医院共478名护士进行调查。结果：根据ERI量表的判断标准,ERI〉I（不平衡状态组）的护士人数占总人数的60．3％,超负荷人数占总人数的88．7％。护士总体工作满意度得分为（2．68±0．76）分;工作满意度量表的8个维度中仅有“与同事关系”维度处于满意状态,护士对“控制与责任”维度最不满意。影响护士工作满意度的因素包括学历、轮值夜班、编制、付出、获得及超负荷。结论：医院应采取有效措施改善护士的ERI及超负荷状况,提高护士工作满意度。     

责任个体化护理模式对肾衰竭患者自我管理能力及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨责任个体化护理模式对肾衰竭患者自我管理能力及生活质量的影响。方法:将2018年1月1日~2019年1月31日收治的92例肾衰竭患者按照随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各46例,对照组实施常规护理,研究者在常规护理基础上采用责任个体化护理模式;比较两组干预前及干预3个月后自我管理能力(采用血液透析自我管理行为问卷)、自我效能[采用慢性病自我效能量表(CDSES)]、负性情绪[采用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)]、生活质量[采用肾病相关生存质量量表(KDQOL-SFTM)]水平,比较两组随访3个月时间内并发症(血压异常、失衡综合征、心律失常、发热、感染)发生情况。结果:干预3个月后,两组自我管理能力、CDSES、KDQOL-SFTM评分较干预前升高(P<0.05),且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05);干预3个月后,两组HADS评分较干预前降低(P<0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组血压异常、失衡综合征、心律失常、发热、感染发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:责任个体化护理模式能够有效提升肾衰竭患者的自我管理能力、自我效能及生活质量,缓解负性情绪。     

Power tactics and their potential impact on nursing

Much has been written about power which seems to be of interest to the various professions including nursing. One theory, which asserts that the urge to dominate (i.e. the imbalance of power over love) is the source of most difficulty in human relationships, seems to have received little attention. The authors, therefore, decided to examine the nursing literature for evidence of power/love imbalances. Such evidence was discovered and, in this paper, this evidence is presented and the potential impact of such imbalances on nursing, particularly nursing research, theory and practice is considered.     

Nursing faculty bullying: Concept analysis

ObjectiveThe purpose of this review was to clarify the concept of nursing faculty bullying. Unlike published reviews that highlight incivility that involve students and faculty, the authors sought to develop the concept of nursing faculty bullying occurring in nursing schools.DesignThe systematic eight step approach to a concept analysis developed by Walker and Avant was the framework to explore nursing faculty bullying.Data sourcesA review of existing literature on nursing faculty bullying was conducted using the electronic databases of Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health, PubMed, ProQuest, and Ovid. Search terms included incivility, faculty to faculty incivility, social bullying, and faculty bullying.ResultsAn operational definition and defining attributes were developed as well as a discussion of several model cases, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of nursing faculty bullying.ConclusionsThe concept of nursing faculty bullying has several critical characteristics that help clarify its meaning, including the negative interactions between nursing faculty, repetitive behavior, purposeful harmful acts, and imbalance of power. The consequences of these characteristics can be emotionally and mentally harmful to nursing faculty affecting career development and advancement. Future research should explore interventions that could prevent these negative consequences.     

心理失衡护理在慢性乙型肝炎患者中的应用

目的探讨心理失衡护理在慢性乙型肝炎患者中的应用效果,以改善慢性乙型肝炎患者的心理失衡状态和不良症状。方法将102例慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各51例。两组均采用常规的护理,实验组在此基础上针对引起患者心理失衡的原因,采取心理失衡护理。比较两组患者干预后的心理状态和不良症状的改善情况。结果心理失衡护理后实验组患者心理状态和不良症状改善情况优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论根据引起慢性乙型肝炎患者心理失衡原因采取针对性的护理,可使患者心理失衡状态和不良症状得到改善,进而提高患者的生活质量。     

合理调配护理人员提高护理工作效率

在当前医院护理人力资源较紧缺的情况下，针对现代护理模式的转变及社会需求的改变，将护士分为通科护士和专科护士。通科护士由护理部统一调配，根据各科近３年来的收治病人数、工作量、各级护理的病人数、工作量、各级护理的病人数，计算各科室护理人员编制，６０％为专科护士。４０％为通科护士，采取主动调配和被动调配方式。通过３年的实践，既提高了护理人员素质，又有效地解决了护理人员数量不足及床护比例失调的矛盾。     

Paradoxical priorities in breastfeeding research: challenges for new directions

In recent years there has been a greater amount of research on infant feeding by medical and nutritional scientists than by behavioural and social scientists. The consequences of this imbalance of research focus is an extensive amount of information about breast milk with a lack of knowledge about breastfeeding. If we wish to increase the rate and duration of breastfeeding, greater attention needs to be paid to the art of nursing by resetting research priorities to take account of the mother's perspective.     

以临床实践为基础的护理科研管理模式探讨

目的:探讨以临床实践为基础的护理科研管理模式,建立完善的护理科研管理制度以及搭建良好的护理科研交流平台的方法。方法:比较建立以临床实践为基础的护理科研管理模式前后各5年内获得的科研成果数量。结果:2005-2009年度与2000-2004年度比较,科研成果数量明显增加。结论:建立以临床实践为基础的护理科研管理模式有助于科研工作的开展,提高护理科研水平。     

Undergraduate psychiatric nursing education at the crossroads in Ireland. The generalist vs. specialist approach: towards a common foundation

This paper provides a critical overview of undergraduate educational preparation for psychiatric nursing and proposes the use of a model, which may equip psychiatric nurses to adapt to current and future directions in psychiatric nursing practice. It contends that mental health nursing is a distinct scope of practice and as such requires specialty undergraduate education. A major difference between educational preparation for psychiatric nursing in the Republic of Ireland and the UK, and distinct from most other developed countries, is the existence of separate, specialized pre-registration programmes that, upon graduation, allow the nurse to register as a psychiatric nurse. In other countries such as, Australia, the integration of pre-registration nurse education into the university sector resulted in the wide-scale adoption of a generalist approach to nurse education. In light of the recent changes in pre-registration nursing education in Ireland, and the integration of nursing into higher-level education, this paper examines the generalist vs. specialist approach to nurse education. It contends that neither the generalist nor the specialist model best serve the nursing profession in preparing safe and competent practitioners. Rather, it argues that the use of a model which incorporates both generalist and specialist perspectives will help to redress the imbalance inherent in both of the existing approaches and promote a sense of unity in the profession without sacrificing the real strengths of specialization. Such a model will also facilitate psychiatric nurses to adapt to current and future directions in psychiatric nursing practice.