高迁移率族蛋白B1在白细胞介素-2转录表达信号调控中的作用

目的 探讨高迁移率族蚩白B1(HMGB1)在白细胞介素-2(IL-2)转录表达信号调控机制中的可能作用.方法首先将HMGB1和NFAT2质粒共同转染Hela细胞,同时转染IL-2报告基因,逐步增加HMGB1的转染剂量,检测IL-2报告基因的表达活性.观察HMGB1质粒用量埘IL-2报告基凶活性的影响;然后应用sRNAi质粒对内源性及外源性HMGB1表达进行特异性抑制,观察对IL-2报告基因活性的影响,以期从反而论证HMGB1可促进IL-2转录表达.结果 在Hela细胞中,随着HMGB1质粒转染剂量增加,IL-2报告基因活性增加了2.12倍(P<0.01).应用sRNAi抑制293T细胞中外源性以及Hela细胞中内源性HMGB1表达水平后,IL-2报告基因活性分别下降1.7倍和4.76倍(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 HMGB1在NFAT2介导IL-2报告基冈转录表达的信号调控过程中发挥重要作用.     

C-reactive protein induced inflammatory response in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell by nuclear factor-κB pathway

Objective To examine the impact of C-reactive protein (CRP) on the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), inflammatory cytokine, in cultured human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) in order to find out the cause of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Method The hPASMCs were cultured and stimulated by different concerntrations of CRP (5 - 200 μg/ml) for different lengths of time. The activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was evaluated by electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay (EMSA). The expression of IL-6 mRNA and the level of IL-6 protein were measured by using real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Results CRP increased IL-6 production in hPASMCs in a dose-dependent manner. The increase in IL-6 at concerntration of 200 μg/mL in the CRP group was as high as 2.8times that in the control group. CRP also significantly induced the activation of NF-κB in hPASMCs. The effect of CRP on the inflammatory cytokine, IL-6, was inhibited by the specific FcγⅡa receptor antibody.Conclusions In vitro, CRP increases the production of IL-6 in hPASMCs mediated by FcγⅡa receptor and NF-κB translocation. These data offer important insights into the role of CRP in the pathogenesis of PAH.     

不同超声辐照时间和微泡剂量介导HepG2细胞基因转染的实验研究

Objective To investigate the relationship of gene transfection efficiency with different ultrasound exposure time and different dose of microhuhble,and to find the appropriate ultrasound parameters for gene transfection. Methods Plasmid encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein(pEGFP) was chosen as a report gene and HepG2 cells were chosen as research object. The HepG2 cells plus pEGFP and different dose of microbubble were exposed to ultrasound(1 MHz,0.5 W/cm2) with varying time. Twenty-four hours later, the expression of EGFP in the cells was observed by fluorescence microscope,the transfection efficiency was assessed by FACS and the cell viability was observed by trypan blue exclusion. Results The expression of EGFP in all experimental groups was different,and the approving transfection efficiency was got by ultrasound exposed for 20 s when the dose of microbubble was 60 μl. Conclusions With fixed ultrasound frequency and power, different transfection efficiency was got when the exposure time and dose of microbubble were different. The appropriate parameter was 20 s,60 μl, which can supply information for further study.     

Atomic and electronic structure of solids of Ge2Br2PN,Ge2I2PN,Sn2Cl2PN,Sn2Br2PN and Sn2I2PN inorganic double helices: a first principles study

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of solids formed by assembling A₂B₂PN (A = Ge and Sn, B = Cl, Br, and I) inorganic double helices. The calculations have been performed using a generalized gradient approximation for the exchange–correlation functional and including van der Waals interactions. Our results show that the double helices crystallize in a monoclinic lattice with van der Waals type weak interactions between the double helices. In all cases except Ge₂Cl₂PN, the solids are stable with a binding energy between the double helices ranging from 0.06 eV per atom to 0.09 eV per atom and inter-double helices separation of more than 3.33 Å. All the solids are semiconducting. Further calculations have been done by using meta-GGA with a modified Becke–Johnson functional to obtain better band gaps, which are found to lie in the range of 0.91 eV to 1.49 eV. In the case of Ge₂Br₂PN the solid is a direct band gap semiconductor although the isolated double helix has an indirect band gap and it is suggested to be interesting for photovoltaic, and other optoelectronic applications. The charge transfer between the atoms has been studied using Bader charge analysis and the DDEC6 method in the CHARGEMOL program, which suggests charge transfer from the outer helix to the inner helix.

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of solids formed by assembling A₂B₂PN (A = Ge and Sn, B = Cl, Br, and I) inorganic double helices.     

有丝分裂原激酶MEKK2调节白细胞介素2生成的研究

目的 探讨有丝分裂原激酶MEKK2对IL-2生成的影响。方法 用MEKK2和JNK激酶活性测定、荧光素酶报告基因检测、逆转录-聚合酶链反应及Western blot等方法，检测在PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激Jurkat细胞后MEKK2对IL-2转录和翻译的影响结果经PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激后，亲本Jurkat细胞AP1和IL-2启动子荧光素酶报告基因活性分别增加4倍和5倍。而MEKK2功能域灭活的Jurkat细胞AP1和IL-2启动子荧光素酶报告基因活性仅各增加1倍。经PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激后，亲本Jurkat细胞IL-2 mRNA的转录和IL-2蛋白的表达明显增加，而MEKK2功能域灭活的Jurkat细胞IL-2 mRNA的转录和IL-2蛋白的表达无明显增加。结论 MEKK2在IL-2的生成过程中起重要的调节作用，MEKK2可以作为药物作用的靶点，从而筛选有效药物抑制免疫反应，提高移植物抗宿主病和自身免疫性疾病治疗的疗效。     

2-hydroxyestradiol is a prodrug of 2-methoxyestradiol

Previous in vivo studies indicate that 2-hydroxyestradiol (2OHE) attenuates cardiovascular and renal diseases. In vitro studies suggest that the biological effects of 2OHE are mediated by 2-methoxyestradiol (2MEOE) after methylation of 2OHE by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). This study tested the hypothesis that in vivo 2OHE is a prodrug of 2MEOE. We administered to male rats i.v. boluses of either 2OHE or 2MEOE and measured plasma levels of 2OHE and 2MEOE by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at various time points after drug administration. After administration of 2OHE, plasma levels of 2OHE declined extremely rapidly [t(1/2(1)) = 0.94 min and t(1/2(2)) = 10.2 min] becoming undetectable after 45 min. Concomitant with the disappearance of 2OHE, 2MEOE occurred and then declined [t(1/2(1)) = 7.9 min and t(1/2(2)) = 24.9 min]. The peak concentration and total exposure (area under the curve) for 2OHE were much lower than for 2MEOE. 2OHE had a much higher plasma clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (V(d)) compared with 2MEOE (2OHE: CL = 1215 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and V(d) = 17,875 ml/kg; 2MEOE: CL = 50 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and V(d) = 1760 ml/kg). After administration of 2MEOE, plasma levels of 2MEOE declined [t(1/2(1)) = 2.5 min and t(1/2(2)) = 20.2 min] with a plasma CL of 50 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and a V(d) of 1500 ml/kg. We could not detect 2OHE in plasma from rats receiving 2MEOE. We conclude that the conversion of 2OHE to 2MEOE is so efficient that in terms of 2MEOE exposure, administration of 2OHE is bioequivalent to administration of 2MEOE itself.     

乳腺癌环氧合酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-2及其抑制因子的表达

目的 研究环氧合酶(COX)-2、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2及其抑制因子(TIMP-2)在乳腺癌组织中的蛋白表达及其相互关系.方法 建立组织芯片平台,应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测127例乳腺癌组织COX-2、MMP-2和TIMP-2蛋白的表达情况.结果 乳腺癌COX-2、MMP-2和TIMP-2阳性率分别为81.1%(103/127)、96.9%(123/127)和60.6%(77/127);COX-2的表达与乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移和TNM分期均呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05),与孕激素受体表达呈负相关(P<0.05);MMP-2蛋白表达与COX-2表达呈显著正相关(r=0.290,P<0.01).结论 乳腺癌COX-2表达状况与肿瘤侵袭转移有密切关系,COX-2可能通过调控MMP-2表达来促进肿瘤侵袭转移.     

空气净化前后老年2型糖尿病患者PaO2和PaCO2的变化

目的探讨对老年 2型糖尿病患者行空气净化前后动脉血氧分压 (PaO2 )和二氧化碳分压 (PaCO2 )的变化。方法 5 5例老年 2型糖尿病患者分为观察组 ( 2 9例 )和对照组 ( 2 6例 )。观察组患者所处疗养室每日 2 4h进行空气净化。分别于净化前、净化后第 2、3、4周抽取动脉血检测PaO2 、PaCO2 、pH值和氧饱和度。 结果空气净化 4周后 ,观察组PaO2 、PaCO2 、氧饱和度有明显改善 (P <0 .0 1) ,pH值无显著性变化。结论空气净化能改善老年 2型糖尿病患者的PaO2 、PaCO2 。     

22项生化检测项目测量不确定度的评价

目的：根据临床实验室室内质量控制和室间质量评价的累积数据评价22项生化检测项目的测量不确定度。方法收集检验科2013年1～6月22项生化检测项目的室内质量控制数据和2012～2014年间常规化学室内质控和室间质评的数据,依据 Nordtest准则,分别计算与精密度和偏倚相关的不确定度分量,然后评估合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果利用室内质控与室间质评数据可以逐步计算出22项生化检测项目的不确定度范围为4.24～24.88,其中 ALP的扩展不确定度最大,达到24.88;Na＋的扩展不确定度最小,仅为4.24。各类指标的扩展不确定度范围如下：电解质（4.27～18.16,Na＋最低,Mg最高）;酶类（8.12～24.88,GGT最低,ALP最高）;小分子物质（4.88～12.44,GLU最低,Cr最高）;蛋白与脂类（4.78～13.1,TC最低,TG最高）。结论使用累积的室内质控与室间质评数据评定生化定量检测项目的不确定度简便可行,可用于定期评估检验结果准确性。     

高血压病人定量运动前后氧及二氧化碳分压的变化

目的 研究高血压病人定时定量运动前后氧及二氧化碳分压的变化,以指导病人正常的运动。方法 选取 30例高血压病人,按 I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期高血压分类,分别测定其运动前、后氧及二氧化碳分压,另选取 30例无高血压病和心、脑、肾等疾病者为对照组。结果 高血压患者动脉氧分压运动后较运动前均有不同程度的升高, I、Ⅱ期高血压病患者动脉氧分压较Ⅲ期运动后比运动前有明显提高。结论 适当的运动可能有助于 I、Ⅱ期高血压病人降压治疗。     

The safety needle switchover,part 2 of 2

South Carolina's Greenville Hospital System (GHS) minimizes caregivers' exposure to blood and body fluid through a risk-reduction program that hinges on feedback from data analysis and frontline staff.     

Photoluminescence of PdS2 and PdSe2 quantum dots

Group-10 transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials have recently attracted considerable attention in optoelectronics applications. However, so far their quantum dot (QD) counterparts with photoluminescence (PL) nature still remain to be revealed. In this study, 2 typical types of group-10 TMD material (PdS₂ and PdSe₂) QDs are fabricated via liquid exfoliation using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. The absorption and PL spectra of these QD solutions are studied, exhibiting excitation wavelength-dependent behaviors and large Stokes shifts. Furthermore, the quantum yield and decay lifetime are also investigated and analyzed. The obtained results suggest promising optoelectronic applications with group-10 TMD QDs in the future.

PdS₂ and PdSe₂ QDs are fabricated via liquid exfoliation using NMP solvent. The PL behaviors of these QD solutions are studied. The obtained results suggest promising optoelectronic applications with group-10 TMD QDs in the future.     

Efficient and stable transduction of dopaminergic neurons in rat substantia nigra by rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9

Dysfunction of the nigrostriatal system is the major cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). This brain region is therefore an important target for gene delivery aiming at disease modeling and gene therapy. Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors have been developed as efficient vehicles for gene transfer into the central nervous system. Recently, several serotypes have been described, with varying tropism for brain transduction. In light of the further development of a viral vector-mediated rat model for PD, we performed a comprehensive comparison of the transduction and tropism for dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the adult Wistar rat substantia nigra (SN) of seven rAAV vector serotypes (rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9). All vectors were normalized by titer and volume, and stereotactically injected into the SN. Gene expression was assessed non-invasively and quantitatively in vivo by bioluminescence imaging at 2 and 5 weeks after injection, and was found to be stable over time. Immunohistochemistry at 6 weeks following injection revealed the most widespread enhanced green fluorescence protein expression and the highest number of positive nigral cells using rAAV 2/7, 2/9 and 2/1. The area transduced by rAAV 2/8 was smaller, but nevertheless almost equal numbers of nigral cells were targeted. Detailed confocal analysis revealed that serotype 2/7, 2/9, 2/1 and 2/8 transduced at least 70% of the DNs. In conclusion, these results show that various rAAV serotypes efficiently transduce nigral DNs, but significant differences in transgene expression pattern and level were observed.