猫和鼠和秋天

李浩被同学们叫做耗子，完全是因为名字里有个“浩”字，叫起来顺口。而莫小南被叫做“小猫”则很无辜。 李浩骑着那辆蓝青色的自行车下自习时，莫小南正站在一株柳树下吃冰淇淋。她不算漂亮，皮肤却薄玉一样透明。李浩把笔推到她眼前。“是不是你掉的？”莫小南抬眼，淡淡的接了笔，继续吃冰淇淋。     

产后忧郁和抑郁症的发生和预防

阐述了产后忧郁和抑郁症的临床表现和关系 ,介绍了引起产后忧郁和产后抑郁症的生物因素、心理因素、社会因素以及预防措施。     

痛风和高尿酸血症的遗传学和药物基因组学介绍

尿酸是体内嘌呤代谢的最终产物,由日常饮食摄入的嘌呤代谢产生,也可来自正常细胞的代谢。约2/3的尿酸通过肾脏排出,另20%～30%则通过肠道排出[1]。对于大部分哺乳动物,尿酸盐都可在尿酸酶的作用下降解为尿囊素,后者溶解度高,可随尿液迅速排出体外。但约一千万年前,尿酸酶基因发生突变,使得人类和许多灵长类动物彻底失去了     

女性和冠心病

心血管疾病是全球各人种妇女致残和死亡的最常见病因。随着人们对冠心病（coronary artery disease，CAD）发病机制、高危因素的认识和防治手段提高，CAD发病率和死亡率呈逐年下降的趋势。这种趋势似乎在男女之间表现并不平衡。CAD虽然在女性和男性有多方面的相似，但二者的流行病学、病因、诊断、预防、治疗和预后存在一定差异。     

母亲和母亲节

这一天,溪水清澈,这一天,小草翠绿,这一天,风儿温柔,这一天,阳光和煦,这一天,是个懒散的可以一直睡到正午才起床的星期日,这一天,只见大街小巷的花店里到处都挤满了购买康乃馨的男女青年,这一天,是个值得记忆的美好     

骨髓库和脐血库的建立和应用

目前全球每年的骨髓移植病例超过１万例，但骨髓和造血干细胞的供者来源，远远不能满足等候移植的患者的需要。因为在骨髓移植中，要求供者和患者的人类白细胞抗原（ＨＬＡ）有最大程度的配合。在兄弟姐妹等亲属中，比较容易找到ＨＬＡ配合的供者，而在无关人群中，有时需...     

癫痫和妊娠

癫痫严重影响患者的生活质量，特别是对孕妇这一特殊群体。女性癫痫患者（WWE）妊娠后体内环境发生变化，常常导致癫痫恶化。痫性发作本身和抗癫痫药物不仅可以对孕妇造成严重影响，而且可以引起胎儿发育异常。目前，关于育龄期和围生期WWE患者避孕、抗癫痫药物应用、叶酸补充、哺乳等方面的文献比较分散。现对相关资料作一综述，以提高临床工作者对这一特殊领域的关注，并为临床实践提供参考。     

发病率和患病率

发病率：是指一定期间内某病新病例的发生频率,通常取自于长期随访观察的特定人群,需要做大量的人群调查随访工作才能获得,常用于流行病学调查。其计算公式为     

女儿和狗

女儿喜欢狗，总希望我们家能养一只，可我与老公最烦这些宠物，所以她一直不能如愿。     

Prevalence and severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and effect of vitamin supplementation.

OBJECTIVE: Although nausea and vomiting of pregnancy is the most common medical condition during pregnancy, there are many unanswered questions regarding its cause, epidemiologic features and optimal management. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the prevalence of nausea and vomiting in a sample of Canadian women, to characterize the distribution of their severity and to investigate the role of vitamin B6 deficiency in their etiology. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Antenatal counselling service for pregnant women. PATIENTS: Three cohorts of women: a prospective, population-based cohort of 193 women, to estimate the rate and severity of nausea and vomiting (cohort A); a cohort of 555 women who sought advice for nausea with or without vomiting, to study the correlation between the maximal daily number of episodes of vomiting and maximal weight loss (cohort B); and a prospective cohort of 301 women who reported vomiting, to correlate vitamin supplementation with vomiting (cohort C). INTERVENTIONS: All 3 cohorts were interviewed during the counselling session, and cohort B was followed up prospectively. OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency of nausea and vomiting, weight loss, maximal number of daily episodes of vomiting, rate of multivitamin supplementation. RESULTS: Overall, 67% of the women in cohort A reported experiencing nausea or vomiting, or both; 22% reported vomiting, and 9% experienced weight loss. In cohort B there was a significant correlation between the maximal number of daily episodes of vomiting and maximal weight loss, although there was wide variation (r2 = 0.25, p < 0.001). There was a highly significant correlation between the number of daily vomiting episodes and mean weight loss (r2 = 0.99). In cohort C, vomiting was significantly associated with lack of supplementation with multivitamins before 6 weeks' gestation (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The relation between number of daily vomiting episodes and mean weight loss may serve as a clinical tool to assess the severity of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and the success of anti-emetics and rehydration regimens. Further study is needed to elucidate the biologic basis of the observed association between vomiting and lack of multivitamin supplementation in early pregnancy.     

Attitude differences of volunteers and nonvolunteers and of susceptible and nonsusceptible hypnotic subjects

A form of the Semantic Differential, containing 9 concepts related to hypnosis and research, was administered to 96 hypnotically inexperienced male Ss. The Ss were later asked to volunteer for a hypnotic experiment, and the hypnotic susceptibility of all volunteers (N = 51) was then determined. Semantic Differential responses of volunteers and nonvolunteers and of highly susceptible and unhyp-notizable Ss were compared. Differences between groups, in both comparisons, were generally not statistically significant, a finding which suggests that there is no simple relationship between paper-and-pencil measures of attitudes and volunteering for hypnotic experiments or hypnotizability.     

骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的CT及MRI表现:9例报告并文献复习

目的探讨骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的CT及MRI表现。方法收集手术病理证实的9例骨脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤的临床及影像学资料,9例术前8例接受CT扫描,3例接受MRI检查。结果9例中骨脂肪瘤6例,骨血管脂肪瘤3例。6例骨脂肪瘤发生于骨内4例,骨旁2例。骨内脂肪瘤跟骨1例,距骨1例,眶骨1例,肱骨1例。骨旁脂肪瘤颅骨1例,股骨1例。骨血管脂肪瘤发生于肋骨1例,颅骨1例,椎骨1例。骨内脂肪瘤CT显示病变骨质呈轻度膨胀性改变,边缘见轻度硬化环,病灶内见脂肪密度及条弧形、结节状钙化,MRI显示病灶T1WI呈高信号,PDWI及T2WI抑脂序列呈低信号。骨旁脂肪瘤CT呈不均匀高密度团块,MRI显示病灶T1WI呈高信号,T1WI及T2WI抑脂序列呈低信号。3例骨血管脂肪瘤CT显示病变骨质呈显著膨胀性改变,骨破坏边缘及内部见多发骨嵴及粗大骨小梁,高密度骨针呈放射状、簇状或不规则排列。结论骨内脂肪瘤及血管脂肪瘤CT及MRI表现均以脂肪成分为主要特征,骨旁脂肪瘤CT以骨化性团块为特征,骨血管脂肪瘤骨质膨胀性改变较骨内脂肪瘤显著,病灶边缘及中心以多发骨嵴及粗大骨小梁为特征。      

城乡居民高血压与饮食习惯的调查分析

心血管疾病是我国的多发病和人群的主要死亡原因之一,而高血压已成为中老年人的常见病,是冠心病、脑卒中最主要的危险因素,已成为世界性公共卫生问题。随着我国经济的发展及人们生活水平的日益提高,我国在1958年、1979年、1991年分别进行了全国性的高血压普查,结果表明,我国高血压患病率在持续上升,且上升速度逐年加快。由于文化程度、生活习惯以及信息来源不足的差异也是导致城居民高血压患病率持续上升的重要原因,因此指导城乡居民进行合理的饮食,对预防高血压的发生、发展有着重要的意义。     

城乡居民高血压与饮食习惯的调查分析

心血管疾病是我国的多发病和人群的主要死亡原因之一,而高血压已成为中老年人的常见病,是冠心病、脑卒中最主要的危险因素,已成为世界性公共卫生问题[1].随着我国经济的发展及人们生活水平的日益提高,我国在1958年、1979年、1991年分别进行了全国性的高血压普查,结果表明,我国高血压患病率在持续上升,且上升速度逐年加快[2].由于文化程度、生活习惯以及信息来源不足的差异也是导致城居民高血压患病率持续上升的重要原因,因此指导城乡居民进行合理的饮食,对预防高血压的发生、发展有着重要的意义.     

Rates and risks of transmission of smallpox and mechanisms of prevention

In 1980, the World Health Organization declared smallpox eradicated from the world; the last known natural case had occurred in Somalia in 1977, and the United States had stopped routinely vaccinating its citizens in 1972. However, with increasing concerns regarding domestic and international terrorism, smallpox has resurfaced as a potential threat to global health. We review the direct and indirect modes of smallpox transmission and how patterns of transmission vary substantially, depending on the severity of circulating disease, vaccination status, environmental and socioeconomic factors, and the setting of an outbreak. We examine mechanisms for controlling outbreaks of disease and preventing further transmission in the event of an outbreak, with an emphasis on smallpox vaccination.