首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
目的探讨糖尿病患者态度对自护行为、授权能力、自我效能及代谢指标的影响。方法用便利抽样法抽取435例个案管理糖尿病患者,应用汉化第3版糖尿病态度量表(The Third Version of Diabetes Attitude Scale,DAS-3)、中文版糖尿病自护行为量表(Chinese Version Scale of the Diabetes Self-care Activities,SDSCA)、糖尿病授权简化量表(Diabetes Empowerment ScaleShort Form,DES-SF)、中文版糖尿病管理自我效能量表(Chinese Version of Diabetes Management Self-efficacy Scale,C-DMSES),对患者进行调查,分析糖尿病患者态度与自护行为、授权能力、自我效能及糖化血红蛋白等指标的相关性。结果 435例糖尿病患者态度量表中5个维度的得分率69.9%~84.9%,态度与患者的自护行为、授权、自我效能呈正相关(P<0.01),与患者体质量指数呈负相关(P<0.05);回归分析显示态度对授权、自我效能及自护行为有预测作用(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者积极的态度可以增强其行为转变的意愿和动力,提高自我效能水平,改善授权能力,促进自护行为的提高,在今后的个案管理教育中应重视患者的糖尿病态度。  相似文献   

2.
目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者的锻炼状况及相关因素.方法:采用个人基本资料问卷、相关知识量表、自我效能量表和锻炼行为量表时160例2型糖尿病患者进行调查.结果:2型糖尿病患者在职人员锻炼行为明显低于非在职人员(P<0.01);患者的相关知识和自我效能均与锻炼行为呈正相关;多元回归分析显示,自我效能时锻炼行为具有决定作用,其可解释锻炼行为72.4%的变异量.结论:护理人员应致力于改善糖尿病患者的锻炼行为,在传授知识的同时,结合Bandura自我效能理论采取一定措施,提高患者的自我效能.  相似文献   

3.
目的:了解2型糖尿病患者自我效能及自护行为对其生活质量的影响。方法:采用自我效能量表(DSES)和自护行为量表(DSCS)和生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74),以目的抽样法,调查了214例大庆社区2型糖尿病患者,了解社区2型糖尿病患者自我效能的水平、自护行为的执行情况和生活质量,并采用专家授课、多媒体健康教育、护理技能培训等集体指导方法和个体针对性指导相结合方式,实施社区护理干预半年。结果:2型糖尿病患者自我效能感和自护行为能力干预前、后比较有统计学差异(P〈0.001);生活质量的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能和生活总分,干预前后有统计学差异(P〈0.05),物质生活状态干预前后无统计学差异(P〉0.05)。结论:通过社区护理干预,可以增强2型糖尿病患者的自我效能感、自护行为能力,提高其生活质量。  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者的锻炼状况及相关因素。方法:采用个人基本资料问卷、相关知识量表、自我效能量表和锻炼行为量表对160例2型糖尿病患者进行调查。结果:2型糖尿病患者在职人员锻炼行为明显低于非在职人员(P〈0.01);患者的相关知识和自我效能均与锻炼行为呈正相关;多元回归分析显示,自我效能对锻炼行为具有决定作用,其可解释锻炼行为72.4%的变畀量。结论:护理人员应致力于改善糖尿病患者的锻炼行为,在传授知识的同时,结合Bandura自我效能理论采取一定措施,提高患者的自我效能。  相似文献   

5.
护理干预对老年糖尿病患者自我护理的影响   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
丁莉 《中华现代护理杂志》2011,17(11):1271-1273
目的 探讨护理干预对老年糖尿病患者自我护理的影响.方法 对90例老年糖尿病患者采用糖尿病自我效能量表(DSES)及糖尿病自护行为量表(DSCS)评价其自我护理能力信心及自我护理行为执行情况,调查患者自我护理影响因素并进行护理干预,比较干预前后患者自我护理改善程度.结果 干预前后老年糖尿病患者自我护理能力信心及自我护理行为执行情况差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 要提高老年糖尿病患者自我护理能力,可通过对其进行个性化的健康教育、心理疏导、固有观念认知来提高其糖尿病相关知识认知率,改善其心理状况,改变其固有观念.  相似文献   

6.
社区2型糖尿病患者自我照顾行为与自我效能的调查研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 了解社区2型糖尿病患者的自我照顾行为与自我效能的现状,探讨存在的问题.方法 采用糖尿病自我照顾量表及糖尿病控制自我效能量表,以方便取样法对北京市海运仓社区的2型糖尿病患者进行调查,共取得85份有效问卷,并对问卷进行分析.结果 社区2型糖尿病患者自我照顾行为与自我效能的平均得分指标为66.98%和69.02%;是否听过糖尿病知识讲座的患者在自我照顾行为方面比较,差异无统计学意义;社区2型糖尿病患者的自我效能与自我照顾行为密切相关.结论 2型糖尿病患者的自我照顾行为和自我效能水平均有待提高,应重视并健全社区糖尿病健康教育.  相似文献   

7.
目的研究双心护理对于急诊PCI患者自护水平、自我效能、心理状态及健康行为的影响。方法选取2016年1月至2018年6月武汉市第一医院经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗的106例患者,随机分为对照组与观察组,各53例对照组采取常规护理,观察组采取双心护理。出院前评估两组患者的自我效能、心理状态;随访3个月,比较两组患者的自我护理(自护)水平与健康行为,调查患者对护理工作的满意程度。结果观察组患者自我效能与心理状态、自护水平量表的健康知识掌握水平、自护责任感、自护概念与自护技能4个维度、健康行为量表的健康责任感、人际关系、压力管理、心理健康、躯体活动及营养状态6个维度、护理总满意率与整体满意程度均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论双心护理提高急诊PCI患者的自我效能与自护能力、改善患者的心理状态与健康行为.从而提高患者对护理工作的满意度。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨社区护理干预对提高社区2型糖尿病患者生活质量的作用。方法采用自我效能量表、自护行为量表和生活质量综合评定问卷,调查214例社区2型糖尿病患者,了解社区2型糖尿病患者自我效能的水平、自护行为的执行情况和生活质量;并采用专家授课、多媒体健康教育、护理技能培训等集体指导方法和个体针对性指导相结合方式,实施社区护理干预半年。结果2型糖尿病患者自我效能感和自护行为能力干预前、后比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.01);生活质量的躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能和生活总分干预前后差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),物质生活状态干预前后无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论通过社区护理干预,可以增强2型糖尿病患者的自我效能感、自护行为能力,进而提高其生活质量。  相似文献   

9.
2型糖尿病患者饮食控制行为及其相关信念的研究   总被引:20,自引:3,他引:17  
目的 研究 2型糖尿病患者饮食控制行为与相关信念的关系。方法 采用个人基本资料问卷、饮食控制行为量表、结果预期量表和自我效能量表对 130例 2型糖尿病门诊患者进行调查。结果  2型糖尿病患者对饮食控制的结果预期和自我效能均与饮食控制行为呈正相关 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;多元逐步回归分析 ,自我效能可解释患者饮食控制行为 6 2 8%的变异量。结论 结果预期和自我效能是 2型糖尿病患者控制饮食的重要影响因素 ,且自我效能具有决定性作用。  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨看图对话教育方式对2型糖尿病患者健康教育效果的影响.方法 将65例住院2型糖尿病患者分为两组,采用非同期临床对照研究的方法,分别采用看图对话和传统的健康教育讲座方式进行健康教育,于患者教育前和教育2周后进行糖尿病患者知识量表、自我效能量表和自我管理行为量表的测评.结果 两组患者干预前后糖尿病知识、自我效能和自我管理行为得分均有所提高(均P<0.01),但看图对话教育组患者干预后的得分高于传统健康教育组(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论看图对话教育方式有助于提升2型糖尿病患者的糖尿病知识水平和自我效能,促进其自我管理行为的建立和提高,是一种有效的健康教育形式,值得推广和应用.  相似文献   

11.
Objective: To identify patterns of nonfatal and fatal penetrating trauma among children and adults in New Mexico using ED and medical examiner data.
Methods: The authors retrospectively sampled in 5-year intervals all victims of penetrating trauma who presented to either the state Level-1 trauma center or the state medical examiner from a 16-year period (1978–1993). Rates of nonfatal and fatal firearm and stabbing injury were compared for children and adults.
Results: Rates of nonfatal injury were similar (firearm, 34.3 per 100,000 person-years; stabbing, 35.1). However, rates of fatal injury were significantly different (firearm, 21.9; stabbing, 2.7; relative risk: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 5.4, 12.5). From 1978 to 1993, nonfatal injury rates increased for children (p = 0.0043) and adults (p < 0.0001), while fatal penetrating injury remained constant. The increase in nonfatal injury in children resulted from increased firearm injury rates. In adults, both stabbing and firearm nonfatal injury rates increased.
Conclusions: Nonfatal injury data suggest that nonfatal violence has increased; fatal injury data suggest that violent death rates have remained constant. Injury patterns vary by age, mechanism of trauma, and data source. These results suggest that ED and medical examiner data differ and that both are needed to guide injury prevention programs.  相似文献   

12.
Three supplementary perspectives are presented arguing that interprofessional collaboration is both necessary and desirable. Nonetheless, there are often too many serious intra-professional barriers and obstacles to interprofessional collaboration to make it successful. Some of these barriers, it is argued and illustrated, are found in the multiple ways in which professional identity is tacitly acquired and embodied in the practitioners' habitual, everyday practice. The paper then explores ways in which reflection, especially Second order reflection, can help to elucidate and overcome these obstacles, as well as increasing professional adaptability and competence.  相似文献   

13.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The January 2011 issue (first quarterly DVD for 2011) contains 4515 complete reviews, 1985 protocols for reviews in production, and 13,521 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 641,000 randomized controlled trials, and 14,018 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 9300 citations. One hundred and seven new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which five have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

15.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

16.
Ranganath C  Heller AS  Wilding EL 《NeuroImage》2007,35(4):1663-1673
Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.  相似文献   

17.
18.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

19.
20.
目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号