献血400ml后献血者血液学指标观察

目的了解献血400ml后献血者相关血液学指标恢复情况。方法选择年龄、体格检查及献血前血液检验指标均符合我国现行法规要求的各种年龄的自愿无偿献血者123名,每人采血400ml,在献血后24h、7d、1个月和3个月时各采集血样1次,观察其白细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞比积、血小板、血浆总蛋白、白蛋白和血清铁的动态变化与恢复情况。结果献血者献血400ml后,其白细胞、血小板、血浆总蛋白和白蛋白水平,同献血前比较变化无统计学意义(P>0.05);献血400ml后,其红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞比积和血清铁在3个月内均可恢复到献血前水平。结论无论男女,只要符合我国现行规定的年龄与健康标准,每人每次献血400ml,且间隔3个月献1次血是安全的。     

291例无偿献血者献血后细胞及体液免疫指标变化的分析

目的探讨291例无偿献血者献血后淋巴细胞亚群的变化。方法将2016年1-12月无偿献血者291例纳入研究,分别检测献血前和献血30d后的淋巴细胞亚群,比较献血前和献血30d细胞免疫功能和体液免疫功能的变化,不同性别之间献血前和献血30d后细胞免疫功能和体液免疫功能变化。结果献血30d后CD3~+、CD4~+淋巴细胞、CD4~+/CD8~+高于献血前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);献血前和献血30d后IgA、IgM、IgG水平变化比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);不同性别人群献血30d后CD3~+、CD4~+淋巴细胞、CD4~+/CD8~+均高于献血前,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);不同性别之间献血前和献血30d后CD3~+、CD4~+淋巴细胞、CD4~+/CD8~+比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);不同性别之间献血前和献血30d后IgA、IgM、IgG比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论无偿献血者献血后血液、体液免疫功能均无明显变化,而T淋巴细胞亚群比例上升,使机体进入新的平衡状态。     

长期单采血小板献血者甲状旁腺激素水平改变及其对献血者免疫功能的影响

目的 探讨长期单采血小板献血者甲状旁腺激素(PTH)水平的改变及其对献血者免疫功能的影响.方法 采用简单随机抽样法按性别构成比为1∶1,选择2015年10月7日至2015年12月5日于烟台市中心血站行单采血小板捐献的30例献血者作为研究对象,纳入研究组(n=30).研究组纳入标准:①献血品种为单采血小板;②捐献单采血小板5年以上,且每年捐献单采血小板次数≥10次;③献血前相关体检和血液学检查结果均符合《献血者健康检查要求》(GB18467-2011).排除标准:①献血者献血前相关体检和血液学检查结果中,任何一项不符合《献血者健康检查要求》(GB 18467-2011);②不愿意参加试验者.按性别、年龄匹配后,随机选择同期于本站首次捐献全血的献血者30例纳入对照组(n=30).对照组纳入标准:①首次献血;②献血品种为全血;③献血前相关体检和血液学检查结果均符合《献血者健康检查要求》(GB18467-2011).排除标准:①献血者献血前相关体检和血液学检查结果中,任何一项不符合《献血者健康检查要求》(GB 18467-2011);②不愿意参加试验者.采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测研究组献血者献血前,献血后1、24 h及7d,以及对照组献血者献血前的血浆PTH水平和免疫球蛋白(Ig)M、IgG、IgA水平;采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测研究组献血者献血前,献血后1、24 h及7d,以及对照组献血者献血前的CD3+T细胞、CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞、CD4+ CD8+T细胞等T细胞亚群表达水平;并采用统计学方法比较上述各指标水平变化情况.两组献血者年龄、性别构成比等一般临床资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).献血者本人认可对献血与健康相关性进行研究的必要性,自愿配合本项研究,并与之签署知情同意书.结果 ①研究组献血者献血前PTH水平与对照组相比,水平增高,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);血浆IgM、IgG、IgA水平,以及CD3+T细胞绝对数、CD4+T细胞绝对数、CD8+T细胞绝对数、CD4+ CD8+T细胞绝对数、CD4+T细胞百分比、CD8+T细胞百分比、CD4+ CD8+T细胞百分比、CD3+CD4+T细胞/CD3+ CD8+T细胞比值,与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).②研究组献血者献血后1 h PTH水平为(72.47±7.25)ng/L,较采集前的(54.70±6.59)ng/L和对照组的(51.90±7.62)ng/L均显著增高,且差异有统计学意义(t=9.937、10.712,P＜0.01);研究组献血者献血后24 h及7 d PTH水平与采集前及对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);研究组献血者献血后1、24 h和7d的IgM、IgG、IgA水平与采集前及对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).③研究组献血者献血后1、24 h和7d的CD3+T细胞绝对数、CD4+T细胞绝对数、CD8+T细胞绝对数、CD4+ CD8+T细胞绝对数、CD4+T细胞百分比、CD8+T细胞百分比、CD4+ CD8+T细胞百分比、CD3+CD4+T细胞/CD3+ CD8+T细胞比值,与采集前和对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 长期单采血小板献血者PTH水平有短暂升高,但未发现其对献血者机体免疫功能产生影响,我国目前的单采血小板捐献模式不会影响无偿献血者的健康.     

双份机采血小板献血者T、B淋巴细胞亚群研究

目的 研究T、B淋巴细胞亚群在双份机采血小板献血者献血前后及一般对照人群中的表达变化,探讨双份机采血小板对献血者淋巴细胞亚群的影响.方法 应用流式细胞术检测50例双份机采血小板献血前、后及50例未献血对照者外周血淋巴细胞亚群的表达水平,包括CD3+、CD3+CD4+、CD3+CD8+、CD19+淋巴细胞百分比及CD3+ CD4+/CD3+CD8+比值.结果 双份机采血小板献血者献血前、后CD3+T淋巴细胞百分比、CD3+CD4+T淋巴细胞百分比、CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞百分比、CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+比值及CD19+B淋巴细胞百分比与正常对照组四项指标相比,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 双份机采血小板对献血者T、B淋巴细胞亚群均无明显影响.     

定期无偿献血者T细胞免疫功能的研究

目的通过对定期无偿全血捐献者、定期无偿血小板捐献者2个特殊健康人群的T细胞数量以及细胞活化、细胞因子分泌功能的研究,评价定期献血对机体T细胞免疫功能的影响。方法采用流式细胞术对3组人群(定期无偿全血捐献者、定期无偿血小板捐献者、对照组)外周血中T细胞总数、CD4+T细胞群及CD8+T细胞群进行数量分析;分离外周血淋巴细胞体外培养,加丝裂原植物凝集素PHA刺激T细胞活化,流式细胞术检测CD4+CD25+活化T细胞群;Lum inex 100多功能液相分析平台检测细胞因子IL-2的分泌量。结果定期无偿全血捐献组及定期无偿血小板捐献组的T细胞总数及CD4+T细胞群、CD8+T细胞群的数量与对照组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);T细胞活化指标CD25+、CD69+均在培养d4(72h)表达最高;定期无偿捐献全血组CD4+CD25+活化T细胞以及IL-2分泌量与对照组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);定期无偿捐献血小板组CD4+CD25+活化T细胞以及IL-2的分泌量高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论机体通过强大的正负免疫调节,使定期献血者T细胞的数量和功能维持稳定状态。     

582例无偿献血者献血后血液免疫指标变化的检验分析

目的研究582例无偿献血者献血后血液免疫指标变化,为临床献血相关大数据研究提供参考。方法收集我院于2016年11月-2017年11月登记的无偿献血者582例,分别检测期献血前和献血30d后体液免疫功能指标(IgA、IgM、IgG)及细胞免疫功能指标(CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+)变化。再按不同性别分类,对比两者献血前和献血30d后体液及细胞免疫功能指标变化。结果献血30d后IgA、IgM、IgG等体液免疫指标与献血前相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+等细胞免疫指标高于献血前,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);不同性别献血30d后细胞免疫功能均高于献血前,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),但不同性别之间无差异(P0.05),且不同性别之间献血30d后与献血前相比,体液免疫功能指标差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 582例无偿献血者献血后血液体液免疫功能无明显变化,但细胞免疫明显改变,机体重新达到平衡状态,值得临床借鉴。     

初诊多发性骨髓瘤患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群的检测及意义

目的:通过检测多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群评价MM患者机体的免疫功能状态并分析其与患者预后的相关性。方法:采用流式细胞术检测32例初诊MM患者和24例健康献血者的外周血T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞、NK细胞及CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞(CD4~+CD25~+Treg);分别采用溴甲酚绿法、透射免疫比浊法检测患者血清白蛋白(albumin,Alb)、β2-微球蛋白(β2 microglobulin,β2-MG)。结果:与健康献血者比较,MM患者外周血淋巴细胞中CD3~+、CD4~+T淋巴细胞比例无显著改变(P0.05),CD8~+T淋巴细胞、NK细胞比例升高(P0.05),CD4~+/CD8~+T淋巴细胞比值、CD19~+B淋巴细胞比例降低(P0.05),CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞占CD4~+T淋巴细胞的比例明显升高(P0.01)。CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞占CD4~+T淋巴细胞的比例与MM的疾病分期呈正相关,与MM患者血清中的β2-MG浓度亦呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:MM患者体内在淋巴细胞亚群的异常表达可能与其肿瘤负荷、病情进展及预后有关。CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞的表达异常可能是MM免疫逃逸的一个重要机制。     

体外循环对机体免疫功能的损害及其防治研究

目的探讨体外循环对机体免疫功能的损害及胸腺肽的防治作用。方法选择40例风湿性心脏瓣膜病患者,随机分为对照组和胸腺肽治疗组,每组20例。分别在术前第3天、体外循环结束后10min及术后第1天、第3天、第7天5个时点取外周静脉血。流式细胞术测定CD3 、CD4 、CD8 细胞百分数及CD4 /CD8 T细胞比值,免疫化学分析法测定血清IgG、IgA、IgM浓度,将术中及术后测定结果与术前比较,并进行每个时间点的组间比较。结果体外循环后,2组CD3 、CD4 、CD8 细胞百分数及CD4 /CD8 T细胞比值均较术前下降,血清IgG、IgA、IgM浓度也明显低于术前水平。组间比较:体外循环结束后10minCD3 细胞百分数高于对照组,2组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);术后第1、3、7天CD4 T淋巴细胞百分数高于对照组,2组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05和P<0.01);术后第3、7天CD8 T淋巴细胞百分数低于对照组,2组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);术后第1、3、7天CD4 /CD8 T淋巴细胞比值均高于对照组,2组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);体外循环后各时间点IgA、IgM浓度均高于对照组,2组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论体外循环能导致机体细胞免疫及体液免疫功能的损害,胸腺肽能减轻上述损害。     

单采血小板采集前后献血者外周血溶血率的变化分析

目的通过比较不同性别献血者献不同治疗量血小板后外周血溶血率的变化,探讨不同性别、不同单采血小板采集量对献血者外周血红细胞破坏情况的影响。方法选择单采血小板献血者40例,测定献血者采集前后血浆游离血红蛋白、血常规,计算采集前后溶血率并进行分析。结果 40例献血者单采血小板采后溶血率明显高于采前(t=2.71,P0.05);在不考虑献血量差异的情况下;女性献血者采后外周血溶血率比男性献血者高0.011%(F=28.29,P0.05);女性献血者平均采集时间为72.20 min,比男性献血者高24.15 min(t=4.42,P0.05),但不同性别献血者采集的全血处理量的差异无统计学意义(t=1.80,P0.05);在不考虑性别差异的情况下,献2个治疗量献血者外周血溶血率比献1个治疗量血小板的溶血率高0.019%(F=90.00,P0.05);女性献血者献2个治疗量与献1个治疗量血小板外周血溶血率的差异比男性献血者献2个治疗量与1个治疗量血小板外周血溶血率的差异高0.023%(F=33.43,P0.05)。结论使用血细胞分离机进行血小板采集,会导致一定程度的红细胞破坏,引起献血者外周血溶血率升高,采集时间是影响外周血溶血率的重要因素,特别是对女性献血者的影响更为明显。     

献血者红细胞CR1分子基因表达与献血后免疫状况相关性研究

目的研究无偿献血者红细胞CR1基因高中低表达者献血后免疫状况,为安全献血提供依据.方法随机选择176位无偿献血者血液,应用PCR和HindⅢ酶切技术测定CR1基因表达;应用酶联免疫吸附法测定红细胞CR1分子数量A405值,随机抽样调查33位高表达者及25位中低表达者,在献血后6个月时测定免疫球蛋白、C3、C4及淋巴细胞亚群,并详细询问献血后状况.结果献血者红细胞CR1高表达者与中低表达者在CR1 A405值分子数量上存在显著性差异(t=7.40,P<0.01),但是两者献血后机体一般状况与部分免疫指标检测均无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论红细胞CR1高中低表达的无偿献血者献血后机体的体液与细胞免疫状况无明显变化.     

Effect of blood donation on the establishment of normal ranges of lymphocyte subsets

BACKGROUND: Absolute counts of CD4+ T-lymphocytes are used in the management of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Low absolute counts of CD3+CD4+ cells have also been observed in healthy people–a phenomenon called idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. It is common practice for normal ranges for lymphocyte subsets to be derived from samples taken from blood donors. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A sample of EDTA blood was taken through the donation line tubing, after donation from 565 blood donors in Sydney, Australia, who were selected from a range of age groups. An additional 12 donors provided a predonation sample as well as a postdonation sample. Hematologic assays were performed on two analyzers. Samples were stained for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, and CD56 and analyzed on a flow cytometer. RESULTS: Three donors were found to have absolute CD3+CD4+ counts < 300 cells per microL. The percentage of CD3+CD4+ cells was found to increase with age. Both the percentage and the absolute count of CD3+CD8+ cells decreased with age, which resulted in an increased CD4:CD8 ratio with age. Men had consistently higher absolute counts of CD3-CD56+ cells than women. The 12 additional donors all had greater percentages of CD3+CD4+ cells and lower absolute counts for CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD19+ and CD3-CD56+ cells after donation than they had before donation (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: It is not satisfactory to base normal ranges for lymphocyte subsets on donor blood, from which the blood sample has been obtained after donation.     

Technical and safety aspects of blood and marrow transplantation using G-CSF mobilized family donors

An allogeneic transplantation programme using immunoselected blood progenitor and bone marrow CD34+ cells has been established. Thirteen healthy HLA-matched, MLC negative sibling donors received two doses of 5 micrograms kg-1 G-CSF (s.c. daily) for 5 days. On days 4 and 5, large-volume mononuclear cell aphereses were performed (COBE Spectra) and on day 5 one unit of autologous blood was obtained. Mononuclear cells were pooled and cryopreserved after CD34+ cell-immunoselection on day 5. Bone marrow (BM) of the same donors was procured under routine conditions 10-45 days later (median: 27 days). The final graft consisted of blood CD34+ cells with either complete BM (n = 5) or immunoselected BM CD34+ cells (n = 8). The present paper describes the progenitor cell mobilization and apheresis protocol and analyzes the cell loss by BM and peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) donation. Considerably larger amounts of mononuclear cells (CD45+), T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and platelets were lost by the apheresis as compared to bone marrow without apparent immediate clinical consequences for the donors. Owing to cross-cellular contamination of the apheresis concentrate, blood platelet count (PC) significantly decreased (mean PC after the second apheresis 116 x 10 microL-1); furthermore on average 3.04 x 10(10) CD3+ cells were removed by two apheresis sessions. This loss did not lead to long-term total lymphocyte count changes (2370 microL-1 versus 1889 microL-1) as observed during the long-term follow-up of 7/13 donors (mean 290 days). Subjectively, the PBPC collections were better accepted than BM donations in all but one family donor.     

Investigation of the effect of long-term whole blood donation on immunologic parameters

Few studies addressing possible immune sequelae of long-term whole blood donation have been published. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were any differences in lymphocyte subsets, monocyte and neutrophil receptors, and antigens important to host defense in committed whole blood donors and in nondonor controls. Blood samples were obtained from 27 whole blood donors who had been donating on a regular basis for at least 4 years and from 21 nondonor controls. A panel of single- and dual-labeled monoclonal antibodies was used to characterize peripheral white cells, and then the cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Lymphocyte subsets included T (CD3) cells, helper T (CD4) cells, suppressor T (CD8) cells, B (CD19) cells, natural killer (NK) (CD56) cells, and subpopulations of T cells defined by the coexpression of markers for CD3/HLA-DR, CD3/CD56, and CD8/CD11b. Monocyte and neutrophil analysis included quantitation of receptors for C5a, formyl-met-leu-phe, and C3bi (CR3). Monocytes were also analyzed for expression of HLA-DR and CD14 antigens. No significant differences were observed in the whole blood donors and nondonor controls for any of these factors used to assess immunologic status, except for an increase in C3bi receptors on both neutrophils and monocytes from whole blood donors. These findings indicate that the lymphocyte parameters analyzed in this study are unaltered by long-term whole blood donation. Further research is necessary to determine the significance of complement receptor upregulation in whole blood donors and to identify any changes in the functional characteristics of peripheral white cells from whole blood donors.     

无偿献血的限量及安全间隔期的研究

目的观察无偿献血者献血400ml后相关血液学指标的恢复情况，以获取我国献血者献全血的适当限量及频次的科学资料。方法选择各年龄自愿无偿献血者123名，其年龄、体格检查与血液检验均符合现行我国法规要求，在其献血前及献血后24h、7d、1个月和3个月采集血样，检测WBC、RBC、HGB、HCT、PLT、TP、ALB、血清铁，并对各项数据进行统计学分析。结果献血后3个月内各项血液学指标均可恢复到献血前水平。结论献血后3个月的恢复期是安全的，全血献血间隔期3个月、献血量400ml对献血者身体健康无影响。     

Plasma proteins and lymphocyte phenotypes in long-term plasma donors

BACKGROUND: The possible effects of long-term plasma donation remain unknown, but it is important to investigate them so that donor safety is ensured. The purpose of this study was to determine if long-term plasma donation alters plasma proteins or lymphocyte phenotypes. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Two groups of long-term plasma donors, source plasma donors (n = 20) and Rh immune globulin plasma donors (n = 26), were compared with whole blood donors (n = 29) and nondonor controls (n = 30). Blood samples were obtained prior to donation. Serum protein, albumin, globulin, and immunoglobulin levels were determined. In an assay using whole blood, lymphocyte phenotypes were characterized with a panel of single- and dual-labeled monoclonal antibodies and subsequent analysis by flow cytometry. RESULTS: As compared to the nondonor controls and/or whole blood donors, the mean values for serum protein, globulin, and IgG levels were lower in both plasma donor groups, with a significant negative correlation between donation frequency and serum protein values for the source plasma donors. Albumin levels were within normal ranges for both groups of plasma donors. No significant differences existed among the donor groups in total white cell counts, the percentage or absolute number of lymphocytes, T (CD3) cells, or helper T (CD4) cells. However, there were increased percentages of B (CD19) cells and decreased percentages of suppressor T (CD8+/CD11b+) cells and natural killer cells in both groups of plasma donors as compared to nondonor controls. CONCLUSION: Many plasma donors have low levels of serum protein, globulin, and IgG. In addition, they have increased percentages of B cells and decreased percentages of suppressor T and natural killer cells. The clinical significance of these findings warrants further investigation.     

Effect of pre-donation fluid intake on fluid shift from interstitial to intravascular compartment in blood donors

Background

Fluid shifts from interstitial to intravascular space during blood donation helps in compensating the lost blood volume. We aimed to determine the volume of fluid shift following donation in donors with and without pre-donation fluid intake.

Mass spectrometry-based analysis on the impact of whole blood donation on the global plasma proteome

Background

Biomonitoring may provide important insights into the impact of a whole blood donation for individual blood donors.

Study Design and Methods

Here, we used unbiased mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics to assess longitudinal changes in the global plasma proteome, after a single blood donation for new and regular donors. Subsequently, we compared plasma proteomes of 76 male and female whole blood donors, that were grouped based on their ferritin and hemoglobin (Hb) levels.

Results

The longitudinal analysis showed limited changes in the plasma proteomes of new and regular donors after a whole blood donation during a 180-day follow-up period, apart from a significant short-term decrease in fibronectin. No differences were observed in the plasma proteomes of donors with high versus low Hb and/or ferritin levels. Plasma proteins with the highest variation between and within donors included pregnancy zone protein, which was associated with sex, Alfa 1-antitrypsin which was associated with the allelic variation, and Immunoglobulin D. Coexpression analysis revealed clustering of proteins that are associated with platelet, red cell, and neutrophil signatures as well as with the complement system and immune responses, including a prominent correlating cluster of immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin J chain (JCHAIN), and CD5 antigen-like (CD5L).

Discussion

Overall, our proteomic approach shows that whole blood donation has a limited impact on the plasma proteins measured. Our findings suggest that plasma profiling can be successfully employed to consistently detect proteins and protein complexes that reflect the functionality and integrity of platelets, red blood cells, and immune cells in blood donors and thus highlights its potential use for donor health monitoring.     

The neonatal immune response to washed and irradiated red cells: lack of evidence of lymphocyte activation

A total of 21 neonatal infants (11 males and 10 females) were evaluated for lymphocyte subpopulation changes and cellular activation following the receipt of washed and gamma-irradiated red cells. The mean donor exposure was 2 +/- 1.5 donors, and the mean white cell concentration of each 10-mL-per-kg transfusion was 2 x 10(7) cells. A total of 2800 rad (28 Gy) was delivered to each red cell unit prior to washing. The lymphocyte subsets CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD3+/CD25+, CD3+/HLA-DR, CD4+/CD45RA, CD4+/CDw29, and CD4+/ICHL-1 were analyzed, as were plasma gamma-interferon and neopterin levels, before and after blood transfusion. Posttransfusion samples were obtained from 3 to 12 days after the last blood transfusion. There were no posttransfusion changes in the percentage of lymphocyte subsets analyzed. Furthermore, overlay-histogram analysis of pretransfusion and posttransfusion CD45RA-, CDw29-, and UCHL-1-positive helper T cells failed to reveal a shift in mean channel fluorescence intensity, which is indicative of a lack of cellular activation. Gamma-interferon levels remained unchanged after transfusion (range, 90 +/- 5.9 to 95.5 +/- 5.3 pg/mL), as did neopterin levels (range, 3.7 +/- 1.5 to 4.6 +/- 1.5 ng/mL). This study could not find any evidence, by either cellular or humoral markers, of the activation of neonatal lymphocytes by transfusion. It is hypothesized that this failure to observe lymphocyte activation is due to the low number of donor white cells present in washed, irradiated red cells and/or to a lack of recipient recognition of transfused, allogeneic, donor white cells.